共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 453 毫秒
1.
<正>一、基本含义生态农业发展的资源化利用、一体化开发、产业化经营模式,是依据生态学、系统科学的基本原理,按照自然生态系统中物质循环共生的规律设计生态农业生产体系,对农业废弃物资源综合循环开发利用,"种-养-加-销"一体化开发,产业化经营的生态农业发展模式。该模式实现了生态农业系统的资源综合循环利用,节约了资源,提高了资源效率与转化率,保护了生态环境,促进了生态良性循环。从"种-养-加-销"一体化开发的系统整体,构建了高产、优质、高效、生态、安全良性循环的农业生产体系。以龙头企业为依托实行产 相似文献
2.
3.
半地下塑料棚、塑料大棚、日光温室等保护设施是生产食用菌的理想场所．为提高栽培原料利用率和生产效益，根据烟台市的气候特点和栽培条件．利用不同菇类对培养料养分、生长发育温湿度要求等方面的差异，我们总结了棚室白灵菇、鸡腿菇、草菇三种菇类周年栽培模式，该模式具有生态农业、持续农业、高效农业的特点，是农民致富的一条好途径。 相似文献
4.
一年三熟间作套种立体高效栽培技术研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
立体种植、模式化栽培技术是通过问作套种,提高复种指数,充分利用时间和空间,实现集约化经营的高产高效模式.近几年来,随着生产条件的改善和科学技术的普及,立体高效栽培模式发展迅速,面积不断扩大,类型日趋增多,内容更加丰富,效益持续增长,已成为我地区合理利用农业资源,实现农业高产、高效、可持续发展的重要组成部分.为此,我们进行了深入的调查研究,现总结分析如下: 相似文献
5.
菇—菜—稻高产高效栽培模式试验与推广谭文兵（湖南省益阳地区农业局益阳４１３０００）为了探索“两高一优”农业模式，提高稻田生产经济效益，根据城郊农业的特点，我们于１９８９年至１９９３年在益阳市郊区进行了菇—菜—稻高产高效栽培模式的试验与推广，获得了亩均... 相似文献
6.
发展现代农业对农业科学技术自主创新的要求与任务 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
简要阐述了中国发展现代农业的基本任务,分析了发展现代农业对农业科学技术自主创新的要求,提出了发展农业科学技术的目标、任务和优先领域,重点对种质资源创新与遗传改良、农业资源高效利用、优质高产安全高效生产、重大农业生物灾害防控制、农业环境控制与修复、特色农业生产、工厂化农业、现代设施与装备、农业信息与市场服务、农产品深加工、农业质量与标准、绿色农业生物制品、工业原料生产、农村新能源与社区环境建设、小城镇建设与新材料等研究重点进行了探讨 相似文献
7.
8.
我国是农业大国，经济发展中占比最大的是农业经济，农业发展对我国整体经济发展具有重要意义。我国地域辽阔，农业类型十分多样，不同地区的粮食需求不同。大豆和玉米是我国重要的粮食作物。大豆—玉米带状复合种植技术的应用，一方面可以大大提升粮食的产量，另一方面可以实现耕地空间的高效合理利用，这不仅能够满足我国居民对大豆和玉米的需求，还为我国农业经济可持续发展奠定了良好基础。文章主要从种植模式、技术研究、模式建构、推广措施4个方面展开论述。 相似文献
9.
玉米、大豆在我国农业经济发展中占据重要地位,当前随着我国农业生产技术不断优化,出现了玉米大豆带状复合种植技术,应用该技术能够有效提升玉米及大豆产量,不仅实现了农业资源集约化利用,还实现了农业生产技术健康发展。基于此,分析玉米大豆带状复合种植技术的优势,阐述玉米大豆带状复合种植技术要点与成效,提出几点发展建议,希望为相关人员提供参考和借鉴,促进玉米大豆带状复合种植技术的推广与应用。 相似文献
10.
马铃薯、玉米和大豆是重要的粮食作物,其种植和高产栽培技术一直备受农业科学家关注。以马铃薯、玉米和大豆带状复合种植高产栽培技术为主题,探讨了该种植模式对3种作物产量的影响,以及种植密度、施肥、灌溉等方面的优化策略。研究表明,马铃薯、玉米和大豆带状复合种植可以最大程度地利用土地资源,提高作物的产量。在种植密度方面,合理的间距可以减少农作物间的竞争情况,有效保障光照和空气流通,进而促进作物生长。适当施肥和灌溉可以提供作物所需的养分和水分,进一步提高产量。叙述了马铃薯、玉米和大豆带状复合种植高产栽培技术,该技术有望成为现代农业生产的一种可行模式,值得进一步研究和推广应用。 相似文献
11.
Biological Activity and Quantification of Suspected Allelochemicals from Alfalfa Plant Parts 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
Autotoxicity restricts reseeding of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) after alfalfa until autotoxic chemical(s) breaks down or is dispersed into external environments. A series of aqueous extracts from leaves, stems, roots and seeds of alfalfa ‘Vernal’ were bioassayed against alfalfa seedlings of the same cultivar to determine their autotoxicity. The highest inhibition was found in the extracts from the leaves. Extracts at 40 g dry tissue l?1 from alfalfa leaves were 15.4, 17.5 and 28.7 times more toxic to alfalfa root growth than were those from roots, stems and seeds, respectively. A high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis with nine standard compounds showed that the concentrations and compositions of allelopathic compounds depended on the plant parts. In leaf extracts that showed the most inhibitory effect on root growth, the highest amounts of allelochemicals were detected. Among nine phenolic compounds assayed for their phytotoxicity on root growth of alfalfa, coumarin, trans‐cinnamic acid and o‐coumaric acid at 10?3 m were most inhibitory. The type and amount of causative allelochemicals found in alfalfa plant parts were highly correlated with the results of the bioassay, indicating that the autotoxic effects of alfalfa plant parts significantly differed. 相似文献
12.
C. J. Spurr D. A. Fulton P. H. Brown R. J. Clark 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2002,188(4):275-280
Development of onion (Allium cepa L., cv. ‘Early Cream Gold’) seed under cool climate conditions in Tasmania, Australia occurred over a longer duration than previously reported, but similar patterns of change in yield components were recorded. In contrast to previous studies, umbel moisture content declined from 85 to 67 % over 57 days while seed moisture content decreased from 85 to 31 %. Seed yield continued to increase over the duration of crop development, with increasing seed weight compensating for seed loss resulting from capsule dehiscence in the later stages of maturation. Germination percentage was high and did not vary significantly from 53 to 77 days after full bloom (DAF), but mean germination time declined and uniformity of germination increased significantly over the same time period. The percentage abnormal seedlings declined with later harvest date, resulting in highest seed quality at 77 DAF. The results of this study suggest that the decision to harvest cool climate onion seed crops before capsule dehiscence will result in a loss of potential seed yield and quality. 相似文献
13.
Jens Jensen 《Euphytica》1979,28(1):47-56
Summary The high-lysine gene in Risø mutant 1508 conditions an increased lysine content in the endosperm via a changed protein composition, a decreased seed size, and several other characters of the seed. The designation lys3a, lys3b, and lys3c, is proposed for the allelic high-lysine genes in three Risø mutants, nos 1508, 18, and 19. Linkage studies with translocations locate the lys3 locus in the centromere region of chromosome 7. A linkage study involving the loci lys3 and ddt (resistance to DDT) together with the marker loci fs (fragile stem), s (short rachilla hairs), and r (smooth awn) show that the order of the five loci on chromosome 7 from the long to the short chromosome arm is r, s, fs, lys3, ddt. The distance from locus r to locus ddt is about 100 centimorgans. 相似文献
14.
G. H. Kroon 《Euphytica》1994,76(1-2):125-125
Summary
K x vadensis is a hybrid of K. blossfeldiana and K. marmorata obtained after doubling the number of chromosomes. 相似文献
15.
Hongyan WEI Jian ZHOU Jinguang LU Jingzheng SONG Qiongxi YU Zhihong JIANG 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):27-29
[Objectives]This study aimed to establish a QAMS(quantitative analysis of multi-components by single-marker)method for simultaneous determination of four phenol... 相似文献
16.
Summary Avoidance of rust fungi that was based on poor appressorium induction was previously found in Hordeum chilense. In the present study 95 accessions of Triticeae were screened for avoidance of Puccinia hordei. The percentage of appressorium formation per germinated spore ranged from 6 to 90%. On none of the 41 accessions of Aegilops, Agropyron, Elymus, Secale, Thinopyrum or Triticum studied was the rate of appressorium formation lower than 25%. Lower rates of appressorium formation were, however, found on accessions of wild barley species Hordeum brachyantherum, H. marinum, H. parodii and H. secalinum. Its implications in cereal breeding are discussed. 相似文献
17.
Summary Reactions of 13 grasses to Meloidogyne naasi varied with species; ryegrasses, fescues and their hybrids were generally susceptible and cocksfoot and timothy resistant. Marked variation in host resistance levels occurred between genotypes within cultivars.Selection of single plants, followed by tests on replicate tillers, identified resistant and susceptible genotypes in both Italian and perennial ryegrass cultivars. Resistant plants had few nematode-induced galls and fewer females and eggs than susceptibles. There was more or less continuous variation, with many genotypes intermediate between extremes of resistance and susceptibility. Selected resistant and susceptible genotypes are of use in assessing variation in nematode populations and as controls for breeding and selection programmes. 相似文献
18.
D. A. Bond G. J. Jellis G. G. Rowland J. Le Guen L. D. Robertson S. A. Khalil L. Li-Juan 《Euphytica》1993,73(1-2):151-166
Progress is being made, mainly by ICARDA but also elsewhere, in breeding for resistance to Botrytis, AScochyta, Uromyces, and Orobanche; and some lines have resistance to more than one pathogen. The strategy is to extend multiple resistance but also to seek new and durable forms of resistance. Internationally coordinated programs are needed to maintain the momentum of this work.Tolerance of abiotic stresses leads to types suited to dry or cold environments rather than broad adaptability, but in this cross-pollinated species, the more hybrid vigor expressed by a cultivar, the more it is likely to tolerate various stresses. 相似文献
19.
W. Erskine M. Tufail A. Russell M. C. Tyagi M. M. Rahman M. C. Saxena 《Euphytica》1993,73(1-2):127-135
Lentil production is limited by lack of moisture and unfavorable temperatures throughout its distribution. Waterlogging and salinity are only locally important. Progress has been made in breeding for tolerance to drought through selection for an appropriate phenology and increased water use efficiency and in breeding for winter hardiness through selection for cold tolerance.The diseases rust, vascular wilt, and Ascochyta blight, caused by Uromyces viciae-fabae, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lentis, and Ascochyta fabae f. sp. lentis, respectively, are the key fungal pathogens of lentil. Cultivars with resistance to rust and Ascochyta blight have been released in several countries and resistant sources to vascular wilt are being exploited. Sources of resistance to several other fungal and viral diseases of regional importance are known. In contrast, although the pea leaf weevil (Sitona spp.) and the parasitic weed broomrape (Orobanche spp.), and to a lesser extent the cyst nematode (Heterodera ciceri), are significant yield reducers of lentil, no sources of resistance to these biotic stresses have been found. Directions for future research in lentil on both biotic and abiotic stresses are discussed. 相似文献
20.
Chunli TANG Fengxian ZHAO Hongxia CHEN Jiabao MA Jiangcun WEI Meiyan QIU Zhen XIE 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):60-65
[Objectives]To optimize the water extraction process of Chinese Herbal Compound Man Gan Ning and establish a method for its extraction and content determination... 相似文献