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1.
应用电镜技术研究了日本沼虾中肠腺细胞的类型及超微结构。结果表明：日本沼虾中肠腺上皮细胞大多呈柱状，顶端具有微绒毛，依结构和功能不同可分为Ｒ细胞、Ｆ细胞、Ｂ细胞和Ｅ细胞４种类型。Ｒ细胞具有吸收、贮存营养物质的功能，细胞内含有脂滴、糖原和吞噬咆，内质网、线粒体等细胞器数量少；Ｆ细胞内蛋白酶原合成活动旺盛，粗面内质网极为发达，在数量上比Ｒ细胞多，几乎充满整个细胞；Ｂ细胞微绒毛较短，以胞饮方式吸收营养，在 相似文献
2.
日本新糠虾卵巢和肝胰腺主要细胞内5-HT的免疫组织化学定位 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
运用免疫组化方法,观察了5-HT阳性物质在日本新糠虾不同发育期的卵巢卵细胞和滤泡细胞及肝胰腺细胞中的分布和变化。结果表明:随卵细胞的发育,滤泡细胞逐渐迁移至其近旁。各期卵巢卵细胞和滤泡细胞及肝胰腺细胞中均存在大量5-HT阳性细胞,阳性物质呈深棕色;各期卵巢中5-HT在滤泡细胞内均呈阳性;在Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ期卵巢中卵细胞胞质和胞核均呈阳性,且阳性强度呈递减;Ⅳ期卵巢中5-HT在卵细胞中呈阴性,而在Ⅴ期卵巢中5-HT在卵细胞中又呈现弱阳性。5-HT在发育各期的肝胰腺细胞中均呈阳性。同一期卵巢中,不同类型肝胰腺细胞间5-HT的分布没有差别。除Ⅳ期卵巢外,在其余各期卵巢中5-HT阳性强度在卵细胞胞质和肝胰腺细胞胞质中表现一致。 相似文献
3.
Jong-Chang Tsai 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》1996,15(4):307-316
The pattern of cytokeratin proteins in the epidermal cells of loach was studied by immunotechniques and partial separation of the epidermal cells. Two monoclonal antibodies, namely 8F7 and 1C45, against the cytokeratin proteins of the loach epidermis were prepared. these two monoclonal antibodies exhibit distinctive results in immunohistochemical staining. The 8F7 monoclonal antibody stains mainly with the epithelial cells, while the 1C45 monoclonal antibody stains specifically with the club cells. The pattern of cytokeratin proteins in the club cells and the epithelial cells of various epidermal layers was further determined by partial separation of these cells. Immunoblotting analysis of the cell fractions confirms the cytokeratin proteins to be differentially expressed in the club cells and the epithelial cells. However, the cytokeratin proteins expressed in the epithelial cells of the basal, middle and outer layers are same. The results indicate that differentiation of the epithelial cells seems limited during their translocation from basal to upper layers, but in those cells that do differentiate into club cells, the cytokeratin pattern changes. 相似文献
4.
Distribution of immunoglobulin-positive cells in the spleen and kidney of Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Yuki Tokuda Haruhiko Toyohara Masaru Ikemoto Tatsuo Kina Morihiko Sakaguchi 《Fisheries Science》2000,66(6):1082-1086
SUMMARY: The distribution of surface immunoglobulin-positive (sIg+ ) cells in the spleen, the head-kidney, and the trunk-kidney of adult Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus was investigated by a flow cytometric analysis using a monoclonal antibody FB17 against flounder immunoglobulin M. Although the percentage of sIg+ cells varied among organs, a good correlation was revealed between the percentage in the head-kidney and that in the trunk-kidney ( r = 0.996, P < 0.001). In contrast, no correlation was obtained between the percentage of sIg+ cells in the spleen and the head-kidney or trunk-kidney. The head-kidney and the trunk-kidney contained cells bearing fewer sIg that were stained dimly by FB17 in addition to brightly stained sIg+ cells regarded as mature B cells, while the spleen contained only sIg+ cells stained brightly. Moreover, the immunocytochemical analyses showed that the head-kidney contains plasma cells with strongly stained cytoplasm in addition to B cells with stained cell surface, which suggests that the cells with fewer sIg detected by flow cytometric analysis are presumed to be at a stage during the processes of differentiation to plasma cells. These results suggest that there are some differences between the spleen and kidney in the role of the immune system and it is considered that differentiation of B cells to plasma cells occurs in the kidney. 相似文献
5.
Glycoproteins (GPs) elaborated by the secretory cells in the opercular epidermis (OE) and the epithelium lining the inner
surface of the operculum (EISO), of an Indian hill stream fish Garra lamta have been analysed by means of a battery of histochemical methods. These included methods for the characterisation and simultaneous
visualisation of GPs with oxidizable vicinal diols, O-acyl sugars, O-sulphate esters and sialic acid residues without O-acyl
substitution or with O-acyl substitution at C7, C8 or C9. Results obtained in this study show that conventional periodic acid
Schiff's and alcian blue based procedures are less sensitive and largely fail to identify different classes of GPs. In the
OE the secretory cells involved in the synthesis of GPs are the epithelial cells, the mucous cells and the club cells. Based
on the histochemical characterisation of GPs, the mucous cells are distinguished in to two types, Type A and Type B. The majority
being of Type A. In the EISO, in contrast, the club cells are absent and most mucous cells belong to a third category, Type
C. Type A and Type B mucous cells are few. GP classes synthesised by the secretory cells and released on the outer surface
of the operculum, directly exposed to the environmental hazards show significant differences in their composition and concentration
from those on, the relatively well protected, inner surface of the operculum. These are discussed in relation to the physiological
significance of the GP classes with special reference to their role in lubrication, protection and inhibition of the invasion
and proliferation of pathogenic micro-organisms.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
6.
虾蛄消化系统的组织学和组织化学研究 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
虾蛄（ Ｓｑｕｉｌｌａ ｏｒａｔｏｒｉａ） 的消化系统由消化道和中肠腺组成,前者包括口、食道、贲门胃、幽门胃、中肠和中肠盲囊、后肠以及肛门。中肠腺甚为发达,为复管状腺,腺管上皮由分泌细胞、储存细胞、吸收细胞和胚细胞４ 种类型细胞组成。分泌细胞的顶端有一明显的分泌囊泡,呈现蛋白酶、非特异性酯酶和脂酶活性,可通过分泌囊泡外排或顶端细胞质崩解而向腺腔分泌水解酶类,后者进入消化道对食物进行细胞外消化。吸收细胞细胞质内含丰富的ＲＮＡ 和蛋白质,表明该细胞具有旺盛的蛋白质合成功能。储存细胞含有糖原和脂类,其基部质膜显示碱性磷酶酶活性,表明储存细胞可将细胞内的营养物质转运至腺管间的血窦。胚细胞体积较小,胞质嗜碱性,但细胞核大而圆。消化道粘膜上皮主要为柱状细胞,贲门胃和幽门胃上皮细胞表面有几丁质层覆盖。贲门胃肌层发达,主要起机械研磨食物的作用。幽门胃的几丁质层特化形成间壶腹脊和壶腹上脊,两者相互配合而起过滤作用。中肠粘膜上皮细胞表面无几丁质层,上皮细胞呈现蛋白酶、非特异性酯酶和脂酶活性,表明中肠也能分泌消化水解酶。中肠上皮细胞具有微绒毛,亦表明中肠可能参与食物的吸收。后肠肠腔虽宽大,但其上皮细胞仅呈现较弱的非特异性酯酶活性,故后 相似文献
7.
3种珍珠贝的外套膜小片外表皮细胞的超微结构 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
用透射电子显微镜对合浦珠母贝（Ｐｉｎｃｔａｄａｆｕｃａｔａ）、大珠母贝（Ｐｉｎｃｔａｄａｍａｘｉｍａ）和企鹅珍珠贝（Ｐｔｅｒｉａｐｅｎｇｕｉｎ）的外套膜小片外表皮超微结构进行比较观察,发现都是单层柱状表皮,由３类细胞构成,即柱状表皮细胞、粘液细胞和嗜酸性粒分泌细胞。柱状表皮细胞是贝壳和珍珠组份的主要合成和转运者,据其结构和功能的差异可细分为Ａ、Ｂ、Ｃ３型。粘液细胞和嗜酸性粒分泌细胞呈杯状或不规则,体积巨大,细胞质稀少,核的形态亦不固定,前者的胞体全由电子透明泡占据,后者含有大量嗜酸性的电子稠密颗粒。这２类细胞的主要功能是参与物质转运,它们在邻近表皮的结缔组织中也有分布,可作变形运动穿越基膜进入上皮层。 相似文献
8.
Leknes IL 《Journal of fish diseases》2012,35(6):455-460
The general structure and cell types in kidney and spleen in Buenos Aires tetra, Hyphessobrycon anisitsi, family Characidae, are described. The capability and capacity of these organs to clean foreign ferritin from the blood stream are analysed and compared. Head kidney was mainly composed of neutrophils, macrophages, lymphocytes and other white blood cells, whereas unmatured and matured red blood cells were few in number. Spleen often contained much red pulp, that is mainly matured red blood cells between splenic cords, often with some macrophages and neutrophils in the latter. Occasionally, this pulp contained large volumes of unmatured red blood cells, particularly in the periphery of the spleen. The splenic white pulp consisted of ellipsoids composed of an inner endothelial layer covered by a thick sheet of white blood cells, which in the periphery consisted mainly of macrophages. Erythrocytes occupied nearly the entire splenic volume in some specimens, whereas up to half of this volume was filled by ellipsoid macrophages, neutrophils, lymphocytes and other white blood cells in other specimens. The macrophages and sinusoidal endothelial cells in kidney and spleen from ferritin-injected specimens were tightly packed by yellow-brown granules or Prussian blue precipitations, in tissue treated with Mallory stain or acid ferrocyanide, respectively, suggesting a large uptake of foreign ferritin. In the present tetra large amounts of white blood cells are developed in head kidney, where macrophages and sinusoidal endothelial cells play important roles in the cleansing of scavenger and foreign molecules and particles from the blood stream. The spleen seems primarily to be a site for iron recycling and production and storage of red blood cells. Sometimes, however, it was rich in macrophages, neutrophils, lymphocytes and other white blood cells, suggesting functions like blood cleansing and non-specific and specific defence in such specimens. 相似文献
9.
采用常规石蜡组织切片及AB-PAS的染色方法对野生和养殖黄鳍鲷（Sparus latus）消化道中粘液细胞的类型及分布情况进行了比较观察研究。黄鳍鲷粘液细胞在消化道各部位均有分布,不同部位粘液细胞的类型和分布均有差异。食道中以Ⅰ、Ⅱ型粘液细胞为主;贲门部和胃体部只有Ⅰ、Ⅱ型粘液细胞分布,幽门部只有Ⅰ型粘液细胞;幽门盲囊、肠道及直肠都是Ⅱ型粘液细胞最多。野生与养殖黄鳍鲷粘液细胞的区别在于消化道的相同部位养殖鱼比野生鱼粘液细胞数量更多。根据研究结果推测粘液细胞的类型和分布与鱼的生活环境及食物相关,也可能与消化道中各种菌群的分布有关。 相似文献
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12.
中国对虾循环系统的发生 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用组织学方法。研究了中国对虾循环系统的发生过程，在无节幼体第3期，起源于头胸甲皱褶部位的腹侧中胚层细胞通过增殖向背面迁移，在中肠的背面形成一中胚层板，此板两侧向背面上卷，合拢而成心脏，与此同时，该中胚层板两侧周围的中胚层细胞向两侧迁移，与体壁接触形成围心腔，心孔出现在无节幼体第5期，是由该处的心壁细胞直接内陷形成；心脏的形态结构随着幼体的发育而不断完善，至蚤状幼体第1期以后，组成心壁的细胞分化为单层的心肌细胞，随后其外包被一层由结缔组织细胞形成的心外膜，至仔虾期，心脏的外形和结构已与成虾的相似；背腹动脉发生的方式与时间和心脏的相同；中背动脉的发生包括两部分；心脏近端的中背动脉由心脏前端延伸而成，心脏远端的中背动脉则由幼体前端背部中胚层细胞形成，血细胞最早出现在无节幼体第1期。 相似文献
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14.
香螺雄性生殖系统的显微结构研究 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
香螺雌雄异体。雄性生殖系统由精巢和生殖导管构成,生殖导管可根据各段的形态和功能分为贮精囊、输精管和阴茎。生精小管内有处于不同发育时期的初级精母细胞、次级精母细胞、精子细胞。由生殖腺排入生殖导管的,不具有活动能力。输精管壁有丰富的腺细胞构成,起前列腺的作用.为精子提供营养。精于由头部和尾部构成,具有较长的中段,螺旋线粒体鞘内中央为9 2型轴丝,末段糖原颗粒包围中央轴丝。 相似文献
15.
K. MOLNÁR 《Journal of fish diseases》1988,11(6):489-497
Abstract. The prcsporogonic developmental stages of Sphaerospora renicola , the causative agent of swimbladder inflammation (SBI), develop in the swimbladder of common carp by multiple internal cleavage. The earliest development stage is the secondary cell enclosed by the primary cell. The secondary cells undergo multiple amitotic division within the mother cell and the dividing forms are connected by narrow cytoplasmic bridges. As a result of further internal cleavage, two tertiary cells appear in each secondary cell. The triple formation enclosing a secondary and two tertiary cells is identical with the pansporoblast containing two sporoblasts which occurs in the renal tubules. 相似文献
16.
Nathalie Chenais Alexandra Depince Pierre-Yves Le Bail Catherine Labbe 《Aquaculture International》2014,22(1):63-76
Domestication is a long-term process during which wild fish are acclimated to farming conditions and hopefully are reproduced over several generations, possibly using selective breeding. Preservation of the genetic diversity of the original population, together with that of the ongoing selection steps, is important for ecological and economical purposes. Cryobanking of reproductive cells is one answer to meet this need. In fish, however, only sperm can be cryopreserved as neither oocytes nor embryos are capable of handling the freeze-thawing stress. In this review, we explore to what extent diploid cells obtained from fin pieces can be used for the preservation of both parental genomes. The main parameters, which should be under control to ensure proper production of fin cells in culture and to enable cryopreservation of the material are described. After cryobanking of such non-reproductive cells, fish can be reconstructed using the nuclear transfer technology whose potentials and difficulties are discussed. The gametes produced by the fish reconstructed after somatic cells nuclear transfer are different to some extent from the gametes obtained after the direct transplantation of primordial germ cell or spermatogonial germ cells into host embryos or larvae. However, in some cases, only somatic cells can be obtained in quantities which would be compatible with strain restoration purposes. From the knowledge available today, it is reasonable to expect that nuclear transfer becomes available for fish reconstruction, even if restricted to high-tech biotechnology facilities. Therefore, cryobanking of fin somatic cells can be farsightedly considered for high-throughput diploid genome conservation. 相似文献
17.
扁玉螺鳃的形态学研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
用光镜和扫描电镜观察了扁玉螺鳃的组织学和表面结构,鳃叶上皮由５个区带的细胞组成,即前纤毛柱状细胞,立方细胞,侧纤毛柱状细胞,后纤毛柱状细胞及呼吸上皮。侧纤毛是产生呼吸水流的动力来源,呼吸上皮细胞表面凹凸不平,其组织学和表面结构有助于进行气体交换。 相似文献
18.
牙鲆的淋巴细胞表面抗原 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
关于鱼类淋巴细胞的异质性的研究开始于20世纪70年代,80年代以后才利用抗IgM单克隆抗体证明硬骨鱼具有T/B样淋巴细胞[1-5]。鱼类的T淋巴细胞具有和哺乳动物T细胞相似的功能,如:对同种移植产生的排斥反应和细胞增殖反应。虽然鱼类的T样淋巴细胞还没有象哺乳动物那样建立起以表面多肽的单克隆抗体进行分离鉴定的CD系统,但在硬骨鱼中已发现了编码TCR分子和MHC分子的基因,随着DNA测序技术的迅速发展,美国、法国和日本等国家的几个实验室[6-10]在20世纪90年代开展了鱼类TCR基因多样性和组织相容性抗原(MHC)在脊椎动物系统发育中进化关… 相似文献
19.
坛紫菜雌雄叶状体的细胞分化比较 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
以室内培养20～90 d的坛紫菜雌雄叶状体为研究材料,用酶解法分别获取单离细胞进行再生培养。在雌雄叶状体的体细胞再生体中,都出现9种不同发育类型。再生体发育类型的数目和比例与种藻日龄密切相关等结果,证实了离体培养的单离细胞发育成不同形态的再生体是基于其离体前处于不同分化时期所致;由壳孢子分化成性母细胞大致可划分成8个不同阶段。雌雄叶状体的细胞分化途经大致相同,但也有一定差异,雌性叶状体的细胞最终分化成雌性性母细胞,并产生大量的丝状体;而雄性叶状体的细胞最终分化成雄性性母细胞,绝大部分生成精子,但极少数产生丝状体。在雌雄叶状体的细胞再生体中,均产生 “类单孢子”并长成正常叶状体。雄性叶状体成熟较雌性早,与其细胞分化速度较快有关。成熟期不同的雌性品系观察结果表明,叶状体成熟越早、生长期越短,其体细胞分化速度也越快。 相似文献
20.
Abstract. Continuous visual observations of the signs of development of UDN in fish kept in aquaria were correlated with light microscopical, transmission and scanning electron microscopical results. The initial signs of the disease are circles of pathologically-changed epidermis. The tight junctions of the squamous cells within these mucus-free areas disintegrate resulting in the loss of the protective function of the zonula occludens. Subsequently, the intercellular spaces dilate and communicate with the exterior. Necrosis of the epidermal cells due to hydromineral disturbances occur simultaneously with fungal infections and marked responses of the melanophores. It is suggested that the fungal infections are triggered by metabolites of the necrotic epidermal cells. The epidermal cells are shed and the fungus determines the further course of the disease which terminates in large ulcers covered with fungal hyphae. No substantial evidence for the presence of a virus could be recorded at any stage of the disease. It is concluded that the disease is a squames and the fungus appears as an opportunist which causes the eventual death of the fish. 相似文献