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1.
饲喂次数对育肥猪与采食有关行为规癖的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本试验研究不同饲喂次数对育肥猪行为的影响。选择24头长大二元生长肥育母猪(平均初始体重60.01±0.96kg),分为3个处理,每个处理8个重复,每栏1头猪。3个处理分别为:①日饲喂2次;②日饲喂3次;③日饲喂4次。采用瞬时记录法,在采食期间观察,试验期为2个月。结果表明:育肥猪采食期间,日饲喂2次比日饲喂3次、4次有更强的采食动机,单次采食概率大,行为规癖较少。 相似文献
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为了建立合理的饲喂制度。对不同饲喂次数和育肥猪生产性能相关性进行了研究,将24头生长肥育母猪(平均体重60.01±0.96kg)分为3个处理(日喂2次、3次、4次),每个处理4个重复,试验期为2个月,以周为单位记录增重和采食量,在试验开始、中期和结束时采集血样并测定背膘厚度。结果表明:①饲喂4次情况下肥育母猪的采食量和日增重均高于饲喂3次和2次的处理组,差异不显著,但料重比均低于其他两处理组。②试验结束时饲喂4次组母猪的减肥蛋白浓度比饲喂2次和3次组分别提高21.71%(P<0.05)和27.51%(P<0.05),背膘厚和减肥蛋白浓度都随着饲喂顿次数的增加逐渐上升,两者呈正相关。结论为生长肥育猪(60kg以上)以日饲喂2次较为合理。 相似文献
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研究了可溶性干酒糟（DDS）作为饲料原料对生长育肥猪生长性能的影响。选用72头健康体重约70 kg的三元育肥猪,随机分成2个处理组,每个处理组2个重复,每个重复18头猪,对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组饲喂含40%DDS的试验日粮,试验正式期20 d。结果显示,与对照组相比,试验组育肥猪的平均日增重、平均采食量和料肉比方面无明显差异（P>0.05）,从经济效益分析来看,与对照组相比,试验组猪在日采食成本和日增重成本方面分别下降了1.41元/kg和1.50元/kg,整个育肥周期每头猪可多获利约75元。试验证实在生长育肥猪的日粮中添加DDS能够完全满足育肥猪的生长需要,并可降低养殖成本,进一步提高经济效益。 相似文献
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本试验旨在研究饲喂模式对生长育肥猪生长性能、胴体品质和脂质代谢的影响。试验选择48头平均初始体重为(61.4±2.5)kg的杜×长×大三元杂交去势公猪,根据体重按随机区组设计分到自由采食组(自由采食)和限制饲喂频率组(每天饲喂2次)。每个处理8个重复,每个重复3头猪。结果表明:限制饲喂频率组的平均日采食量(ADFI)、平均日增重(ADG)、胴体重、屠宰率和平均背膘厚均显著低于自由采食组(P0.05);饲喂模式对猪肉品质相关指标无显著影响(P0.10);限制饲喂频率组脂肪组织中苹果酸酶(ME)和脂肪酸合成酶(FAS)的活力显著低于自由采食组(P0.05);限制饲喂频率组脂肪组织中FAS和过氧化物酶体增生物激活受体γ(PPARγ)的m RNA表达量显著低于自由采食组(P0.05)。综上分析,限制饲喂频率降低了生长育肥猪的生长性能、胴体品质和脂肪沉积,但对肉品质无显著影响,其中限制饲喂频率主要是通过降低脂肪合成减少脂质沉积。 相似文献
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湿热环境对自由采食生长育肥猪采食行为的影响 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
本试验旨在研究湿热环境对自由采食情况下生长育肥猪采食行为的影响。试验选取117头平均体重为(30.26±2.19)kg的健康生长猪,随机平均分到9个测定站,每个测定站采用全自动种猪生产性能测定系统和自动温湿度记录仪分别对采食行为和舍内温湿度进行记录。结果表明:生长育肥猪采食行为表现出明显的昼夜节律变化规律,06:00—09:00和15:00—19:00 2个时间段内的采食量、采食次数、采食时间显著高于21:00—04:00(P0.05),其采食行为的52%以上都发生在这2个时段;温度、相对湿度及其互作能极显著影响生长育肥猪的单位体重采食量、采食时间(P0.01),温湿指数的增加能显著降低单位体重采食量(P0.05)。综上,湿热环境对生长育肥猪的采食行为有显著影响;其采食行为呈现昼夜节律变化。 相似文献
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试验数据来源于2018年测定的广西某种猪场栏内444头长白猪使用自动喂料系统（FIRE）的采食情况,每日记录长白猪生长育肥阶段（90～160日龄）的采食量和采食行为。分析长白猪随日龄变化的采食行为规律,以及性别、胎次、气候因素对猪采食行为和饲料利用效率的影响,以期为育肥猪采食行为性状选育、提高经济效益及科学高效养殖提供理论依据。结果表明:①公猪和母猪采食行为区别不大,但在每日采食次数上表现出差异;②在生长育肥阶段,公猪的生长性能高于母猪;③较冷环境下的育肥猪平均每日采食量更多、平均日增重更高、采食速度更快。 相似文献
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为进一步验证发酵青绿全株玉米对育肥猪生产性能和养殖效益的影响,该试验选取体重相近(33.35±3.89)kg的三元猪(杜×长×大)24头,随机分为2个处理,每个处理3个重复,每个重复4头。试验分为两个阶段,第1阶段(1~6周);第2阶段(7~15周)。对照组:饲喂基础日粮,参考NRC(1998)生长育肥猪营养需要供给;试验组:添加45%发酵青绿全株玉米,使试验组日粮与对照组日粮相比,降低了30%的能量和蛋白。结果表明:在日粮中添加45%的发酵青绿全株玉米,能够有效改善生长猪的外观;与对照组相比,试验组日增重提高了6.91%,日采食量增加了41.42%,料重比升高了37.82%。在15周的生长育肥猪试验全期,45%的发酵全株玉米饲喂生长育肥猪,每头猪增加效益91.1元。因此,青绿全株玉米发酵可以饲喂生长育肥猪,且能够提高其生产性能,创造更高的养殖效益。 相似文献
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《当代畜牧》2015,(15)
蛋公鸡饲养数量逐年增加,填补了消费者消费水平和质量安全意识不断提高下的市场需求空间。当前缺乏专用蛋鸡公雏育肥饲料,为此,笔者选取不同营养水平的肉鸡料、育肥猪料、青年鸡料进行了饲喂试验,旨在研究探讨相同饲养条件下不同饲料对蛋鸡公雏育肥生产的影响。选取体重850 g、60日龄、健康的罗曼粉商品代蛋公鸡600只,随机分为A、B、C 3个处理,每个处理200只;设4个重复,每个重复50只。A处理饲喂肉鸡料,B处理饲喂育肥猪料,C处理饲喂青年鸡料。试验从60日龄开始,A处理饲喂至87日龄结束,全程27d;B处理饲喂至95日龄结束,全程35d;C处理饲喂至92日龄结束,全程32 d。育肥至平均每只1.5 kg左右出售。A组饲料成本最低,效益最好;B组饲料成本最高,效益最差;C组介于两者之间。结果表明,肉鸡料饲喂60日龄蛋公鸡效益好于饲喂青年鸡料,育肥猪料效益最差。 相似文献
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旨在研究限时采食对猪生长性能和肝转录谱及代谢谱的影响。本试验选择体重相近((56.29±1.93) kg)、健康的杜×长×大三元杂交猪12头随机分为对照组和限时采食组。每组6个重复,每个重复1头猪。对照组(CON)自由采食;限时采食组(TRF)每天饲喂3次(分别在7:00、12:00、17:00),每次饲喂足量饲料,每次采食时间为1 h。试验共计21 d,每天记录采食量,每周称重,计算料重比。试验结束屠宰全部试验猪,采集静脉血测定血液生化指标,采集肝用于代谢组和转录组测定。结果显示,与对照组相比,限时采食组猪平均日增重显著升高(P<0.05),料重比显著降低(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,限时采食组猪血清总胆汁酸浓度有下降趋势(P<0.1),而丙氨酸转氨酶和肌酸激酶的浓度有上升趋势(P<0.1)。限时采食显著增加抑制蛋白质分解基因的表达(P<0.05),减少肝总蛋白质的分解,使肝中氨基酸水平下降。此外,限时采食还显著上调脂肪酸代谢相关基因的表达(P<0.05),增加肝脂肪的合成,减少肝脂肪酸含量。综上所述,限时采食可以影响肝中的氮代谢和氨基酸代谢,改变脂肪酸和蛋白质在肝中的代谢,进而调控生长猪对营养物质的利用并影响猪的生长性能,这提示可以通过饲喂模式改善动物生长和代谢。 相似文献
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《中国畜牧杂志》2019,(8)
本试验旨在研究夏季不同饲喂次数和料水比对两广小耳花猪生产性能的影响,选择48头两广小耳花猪哺乳母猪,分为4组,每组12头母猪。4个处理组的饲喂方式分别为饲喂2次/d和料水比为1∶2.5(对照组)、饲喂2次/d和料水比为1∶3.5、饲喂3次/d和料水比为1∶2.5、饲喂3次/d和料水比为1∶3.5。监测母猪从产后至断奶25 d的采食量、仔猪生长性能以及环境温湿度等指标。结果表明:饲喂3次/d与2次/d母猪的日平均采食量分别为3.33、2.41 kg,哺乳期间母猪平均总采食量前者较后者高23 kg/头;哺乳仔猪平均断奶窝重分别为32.35、29.14 kg,窝增重前者较后者高3.17 kg/窝。综上,通过增加饲喂次数和选择与人工作息时间不一致的时间点饲喂可以提高哺乳母猪的采食量,但需要智能化自动化饲喂设备相配套。 相似文献
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Hessel EF Wülbers-Mindermann M Berg C Van den Weghe HF Algers B 《Journal of animal science》2006,84(6):1526-1534
This study evaluated how feeding frequency affects behavior and the occurrence of skin lesions in growing-finishing pigs. One hundred eighty pigs (27 to 112 kg of BW) were reared in one environmentally controlled room (20 pens; 9 pigs/pen). Pigs in 10 pens were fed 3 times daily (reference group), whereas the others were fed 9 times daily (experimental group). Both groups received the same total amount of liquid feed. Rations were adjusted to the mean pen weights. Behavioral observations (scan sampling, as well as continuous focal pig observations) were made in wk 4, 10, and 14 of the growing-finishing period. After each observation, skin lesions were assessed individually for each pig. Pigs fed 9 times daily tended to lie laterally for less time (P = 0.083) and tended to be active (P = 0.054) during the day, especially in growing-finishing wk 4 (P = 0.007). With continuously observed focal pigs, no differences in time allocations for feeding were found between groups. During feeding in growing-finishing wk 4, focal pigs belonging to the experimental group displayed more aggressive actions (P = 0.019), tended to perform aggressive actions for a longer time (P = 0.076), and tended to be belly-nosed for a longer time (P = 0.083) compared with the reference group. In addition, in growing-finishing wk 14, pigs in the experimental group had greater scores for skin lesions (head, P = 0.001; belly, P < 0.001; caudal part, P < 0.001) and tended to be belly-nosed for a longer time (P = 0.084). In the case of pigs restricted-fed liquid feed, a greater frequency of feeding per day appears to be a condition that results in greater competitive feeding than with a lower feeding frequency. 相似文献
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Christel Marie‐Etancelin Dominique Francois Jean‐Louis Weisbecker Didier Marcon Carole Moreno‐Romieux Frdric Bouvier Flavie Tortereau 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2019,136(3):174-182
Breeding strategies based on feed efficiency are now implemented in most animal species using residual feed intake (RFI) criteria. Although relevant, the correlated responses of feeding behaviour traits resulting from such selection on RFI are poorly documented. We report the estimated feeding behaviour at three time levels (visit, meal and day) and genetic parameters between the feeding behaviour traits and their links with RFI and its components. Feed intake, feeding duration at three time levels (per visit, meal and day), feeding rate, number of visits and time‐between‐visits were estimated for 951 Romane lambs fed via automatic concentrate feeders. Heritability estimates of feeding behaviour traits ranged from 0.19 to 0.54 with higher estimates for the day level than the visit level. Daily feed intake was not genetically linked to feed intake at the visit level, whereas feeding duration between visit and day levels was moderately correlated (Rg = +0.41 ± 0.12). RFI was not significantly correlated with feeding rate, but was positively linked to feed intake and feeding duration at the day level (+0.73 ± 0.09 and +0.41 ± 0.13, respectively) and negatively at the visit level (?0.33 ± 0.14 and ?0.22 ± 0.17, respectively). Selecting animals with lower RFI values might modify their feeding behaviour by increasing feed intake and feeding duration at the visit level but decrease the number of visits per day (+0.51 ± 0.14). 相似文献
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观察舍饲条件下合作猪的行为特征,表明：在1d内,公猪走动时间占30％～40％,卧息时间占60％～70％,母猪走动时间占15％～25％,卧息时间占75％～85％,1d内采食时间占4％左右,排粪5～6次。合作母猪性成熟早,发情特征明显。青年公猪40～55日龄出现爬跨行为,80日龄可参加配种。母猪产前18h开始闹圈,产仔持续时间1．5～4．5h。母猪哺乳能力强。合作猪经调圈或合群后产生咬斗行为,以便建立新的位次序列。合作猪抗逆性强,耐粗饲,对高原环境有独特的适应能力。 相似文献
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This study determined the effects of silage chop length (20?mm; long or 10?mm; short) and diurnal time on feeding behaviour of 80 feedlots steers. Feed intake and feeding behaviour of each steer in each pen were measured continuously from 0:00 to 12:00?h (AM) and from 12:00 to 24:00?h (PM). Chop length had no effect on feed intake or the growth performance of steers, but longer chop length increased the duration of feeding and reduced the rate of intake. Head down time and head down time per feeding activities were greater during the PM than AM. There was a chop length?×?diurnal time interaction for feeding frequency with the number of bunk visits being greater in the PM than AM for both diets. Feeding activities were 50% higher during the PM than AM when steers were fed either long- or short-chopped silage diets twice daily. 相似文献
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Alper T. Kavlak Pekka Uimari 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2019,136(6):484-494
A major proportion of the costs of pork production is related to feed. The feed conversion rate (FCR) or residual feed intake (RFI) is thus commonly included in breeding programmes. Feeding behaviour traits do not directly have economic value but, if correlated with production traits, can be used as auxiliary traits. The aim of this study was to estimate the heritability of feeding behaviour traits and their genetic correlations with production traits in the Finnish Yorkshire pig population. The data were available from 3,235 pigs. Feeding behaviour was measured as the number of visits per day (NVD), time spent in feeding per day (TPD), daily feed intake (DFI), time spent feeding per visit (TPV), feed intake per visit (FPV) and feed intake rate (FR). The test station phase was divided into five periods. Estimates of heritabilities of feeding behaviour traits varied from 0.17 to 0.47. Strong genetic correlations were obtained between behaviour traits in all periods. However, only DFI was strongly correlated with the production traits. Interestingly, a moderate positive genetic correlation was obtained between FR and backfat thickness (0.1–0.5) and between FR and average daily gain (0.3–0.4), depending on the period. Based on the results, there is no additional benefit from including feeding‐related traits other than those commonly used (FCR and RFI) in the breeding programme. However, if correlated with animal welfare, the feeding behaviour traits could be valuable in the breeding programme. 相似文献
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Eva Persson Margret Wülbers-Mindermann Charlotte Berg Bo Algers 《Acta veterinaria Scandinavica》2008,50(1):24
Background
The natural feeding behaviour of the pig is searching for feed by rooting activities throughout the day; self-feeding pigs randomly space their eating and drinking periods throughout the day consuming ten to twelve meals per day. Pigs in conventional fattening pig production are normally fed 2–3 times daily with the feed consumed within 15 minutes. The aim of this study was to determine if more frequent feedings could improve the performance of conventionally kept fattening pigs.Methods
The experiment was carried out on 360 fattening pigs (27–112 kg live weight), weighed and assigned to pens stratified by weight and sex. Each treatment group consisted of 180 pigs, allocated to 20 pens with nine pigs in each pen. To evaluate how more feeding occasions affects performance and well-being the pigs were divided into two groups and fed three (control group) or nine (treatment group) times daily. The same total amount of liquid feed was fed to each group and the feed ration was correlated to the live weight of the pigs. All weight and slaughter recordings were made individually and recordings of feed consumption were made pen-wise. At slaughter the stomach of each pig was examined for lesions in the pars oesophagea and scored on a scale from 1–6.Results
Frequent feeding occasions influenced both performance and status of gastric lesions of the pigs adversely. Pigs in the treatment group grew slower compared to pigs in the control group; 697 g/day (± 6.76) versus 804 g/day (± 6.78) (P < 0.001) with no difference in within-pen variation. There was also a lower prevalence of gastric lesions within pigs in the control group (2.4 (± 0.12) compared to 3.0 (± 0.12) (P < 0.01)). There was a positive correlation between gastric lesions in the treatment group and daily weight gain (r = 0.19; P < 0.01).Conclusion
Increased daily feeding occasions among group housed pigs resulted in a poorer daily weight gain and increased mean gastric lesion score as compared with pigs fed three times daily. This may be a consequence of more frequently occurring competition for feed in the treatment group. The present study does not support increased daily feeding occasions in fattening pigs. 相似文献19.
文章评估了哺乳期间母猪的饲喂频率(2或3次/d)对母猪体况、繁殖性能及仔猪生长性能的影响。试验选择68头母猪,随机分为8组(每组8~10头母猪),哺乳期间其中4组母猪每天饲喂2次,另外4组每天饲喂3次,母猪分为青年母猪(<2胎次)和老龄母猪(≥3胎次),试验结束后记录母猪体况评分、肩部组织病变、发情率、母猪生产及仔猪生长性能。结果显示:每天饲喂3次的母猪比饲喂2次的母猪采食量高(P<0.05),肩部组织病变低(P<0.05)。在每天饲喂3次的母猪中,青年母猪返情率为0%,老龄母猪返情率为29%,而在每天饲喂2次的母猪中,青年母猪发情率为20%,老龄母猪为5%。综上所述,在哺乳期,母猪每天饲喂3次较每天饲喂2次提高了采食量,对母猪体况评分和肩部组织病变有改善作用,同时也降低了年轻母猪的返情率。 相似文献