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马鼻肺炎（ER）是由马疱疹病毒引起的马属动物传染病。由2个亲缘密切疱疹病毒，即马疱疹病毒l型（EHV-1）和马疱疹病毒4型（EHV-4）引起。EHV-1又称马流产病毒，EHV-4又称呼吸道感染病毒。 1 病原马病毒性流产的病原为马疱疹病毒1型（EHV-1），马呼吸道感染病毒（又称马鼻肺炎病毒）为马疱疹病毒4型（EHV-4），属疱疹病毒科甲疱疹病毒亚科的成员。 相似文献
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试验旨在应用生物信息学技术综合分析马疱疹病毒1型（equine herpesvirus 1,EHV-1） gB糖蛋白,预测B细胞表位,筛选出具有潜在诊断价值的线性B细胞表位。将EHV-1 gB糖蛋白的基因序列输入DNAStar软件中的Protean工作区中,经参数综合比较分析筛选潜在的B细胞表位,克隆、表达预测表位的基因片段,利用表达的融合蛋白作为抗原与马疱疹病毒阳性血清反应。经预测分析,gB糖蛋白的B细胞表位可能位于第6-10、23-32、53-65、72-98、111-120、152-166和173-180位氨基酸区域。本试验成功构建并原核表达含7个潜在B细胞表位的融合蛋白。Western blotting试验结果显示,其中5个融合蛋白能被马疱疹病毒阳性血清识别。本试验利用生物信息学技术结合分子生物学技术成功筛选到5个潜在的B细胞表位,为EHV-1表位诊断、表位疫苗抗原的设计奠定了技术基础。 相似文献
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为建立马疱疹病毒Ⅰ型(EHV-1)的检测方法,本研究以EHV-1 gB基因的一段保守区域(1207 bp～1509 bp)作为检测的目的片段设计引物,通过对其反应条件的优化,建立了特异性检测EHV-1的SYBR Green I 荧光定量PCR方法.实验结果表明:该方法检测目的基因的灵敏度下限为10拷贝/μL,比常规PCR方法高100倍;与马疱疹病毒4型(EHV-4)及其他马传染病病原体无交叉反应;组内及组间的变异系数均小于2％.该方法检测速度快及高敏感性的特点为马鼻肺炎的防制提供了有力保障,同时也为进一步开展马鼻肺炎相关的研究提供了有效的辅助检测方法技术. 相似文献
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马鼻肺炎(Equine rhinopneumonitis,ER)是马属动物几种高度接触传染性疾病的总称。其病原体为亲缘关系密切的两种疱疹病毒-马疱疹病毒1型(EHV-1)和马疱疹病毒4型(EHV-4)。EHV-1和EHV-4在全世界广泛分布,并对所有年龄和种类的马以及其它马科动物的健康构成严重的威胁。世界动物卫生组织将马鼻肺炎列为B类动物疫病。多年以来,马鼻肺炎一直对世界养马业构成威胁。在大量饲养马匹进行传统耕作或以之作为农业经济一部分的国家中,EHV-1和EHV-4这两种病毒感染呈地方性流行。从马以外的其它马属动物,如斑马、亚洲野驴和驴,已经分离到与EHV… 相似文献
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应用多重PCR检测和区分3个型的马疱疹病毒 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
针对马疱疹病毒（EHV）的EHV-1、EHV-2和EHV-4糖蛋白B基因序列，设计、合成了3对特异性引物进行多重PCR，不仅可以在数小时内分别检测这3个型的EHV，而且在同一反应系统内可以清晰地区分EHV-1、EHV-2和EHV-4，其PCR产物大小分别为226、333、570bp，符合预期的片段大小，序列分析证实与已发表的序列一致；该检测方法的灵敏度达到10^3 TCID50；分别从血清学阳性但病毒分离为阴性的1匹进口马组织样品和一些出口前检疫马的鼻咽样品检测到EHV-1和EHV-4特异性核酸。 相似文献
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本试验旨在建立一种检测马疱疹病毒1型（EHV-1）的快速、灵敏、特异的环介导等温扩增技术（LAMP）,同时评价该方法的可靠性。根据马鼻肺炎糖蛋白B（gB）基因特异保守序列设计多对LAMP引物,利用LAMP Real Time Turbidimeter LA-320仪监测反应进程,进行引物筛选和反应条件的优化,建立能特异性扩增EHV-1 DNA的LAMP检测方法,并加入SYBR GreenⅠ通过肉眼判断结果。该方法在65 ℃恒温下作用50 min,使EHV-1 DNA获得了高效率的特异性扩增,与其他马易感病毒如马疱疹病毒4型（EHV-4）等无交叉反应;且具有极高的灵敏性,可检测到10-4稀释的目标病毒,比普通PCR的灵敏度高10倍;反应结束后加入SYBR GreenⅠ肉眼观察的结果与LAMP Real Time Turbidimeter LA-320仪监测结果一致。通过将4份临床样品的LAMP检测结果与已得到验证的PCR结果进行比对,结果显示符合率为100%。本研究建立的LAMP检测方法具有快速、特异、灵敏、简单易操作且设备要求低等特点,具有实地检测EHV-1的前景。 相似文献
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疱疹病毒是一群较大的有囊膜的双链 DNA病毒 ,到目前为止 ,几乎所有家畜和家禽都有各自的疱疹病毒 ,但一种家畜可能感染几种 (型 )疱疹病毒 ,一种疱疹病毒也可能感染几种动物。至今发现的疱疹病毒已有 80余种。早期 ,根据其生物及分子生物学特性 ,将疱疹病毒科分为 α-疱疹病毒、β-疱疹病毒和γ-疱疹病毒 3个亚科 ,而 1 995年国际病毒分类委员会则将疱疹病毒科分类为甲、乙和丙 3个亚科。但许多疱疹病毒感染可引起流产或新生动物疾病 ,如马疱疹病毒 1型 ( EHV- 1 )引起马的单一性或地方流行性流产或新生马驹死亡 ,而与之密切相关病毒EH… 相似文献
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《动物医学进展》2021,42(4)
为了解新疆马疱疹病毒1型(EHV-1)的流行情况,需要建立一种检测抗体的间接ELISA方法。采用纯化后EHV-1 XJ2015株的gG蛋白作为检测抗原,优化反应条件后建立检测EHV-1血清抗体的间接ELISA方法,并对该方法进行特异性、敏感性和重复性试验及商品化试剂盒的应用效果对比。结果表明,该方法仅与EHV-1阳性血清发生反应,不与马疱疹病毒4型、马流感病毒和马动脉炎病毒阳性血清发生反应,血清稀释1∶1 600后,仍可以检测到阳性,组内及组间变异系数均小于5%。与试剂盒进行检测结果比较,符合率为93.35%。建立了EHV-1 gG蛋白间接ELISA检测方法,可为EHV-1的快速诊断、流行病学调查及防控工作提供技术支撑。 相似文献
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D M Elton W A Bonass R A Killington D M Meredith I W Halliburton 《American journal of veterinary research》1991,52(8):1252-1257
The DNA fragments representing the entire short unique region and part of the repeat sequences of the equine herpesvirus type-1 genome were cloned into plasmid vectors. The approximate positions of the junctions between the short unique region and the inverted repeats were then located by restriction endonuclease mapping. Two open reading frames coding for potential glycoproteins have been identified within the short unique region, using DNA sequence analysis. The predicted amino acid sequences of these open reading frames had extensive homology to the herpes simplex virus glycoproteins gE and gI and the related glycoproteins of pseudorabies virus and varicella-zoster virus. 相似文献
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P Marchot E Thiry P Jetteur P Leroy 《Revue d'élevage et de médecine vétérinaire des pays tropicaux》1991,44(4):405-406
Sera from cattle of the Accra Plains in Ghana were screened for bovine type-4 herpesvirus (BHV-4) antibodies by an indirect immunofluorescence test. Among the 176 screened serums, 14% were found positive at a 1/100 dilution. Further studies are necessary for a better understanding of the relationships between BHV-4 or some other agents and necrotic vaginitis associated with poor fertility observed in cattle in this area. 相似文献
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Schmied J Hamilton K Rupa P Oh SY Wilkie B 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2012,149(1-2):11-19
Immune response (IR) of pigs varies by litter and by individual such that ratios of type-1 and type-2 IR differ. Estimates of heritability for antibody and cell-mediated IR suggest that genotype and the environment contribute approximately 20% and 80% to this variation. It is hypothesized that the IR phenotype of outbred neonatal pigs is immature and variable progressing with age from type-2 bias to a more balanced phenotype. To test this, pigs were IR phenotyped by a standardized protocol using two intramuscular injections of the combined type-1 and type-2 antigens (Ag) Candida albicans (CA) and hen egg white lysozyme (HEWL). Immune response was measured by wheal and flare reaction to HEWL and double skin fold thickness (DSFT) response to each Ag injected intradermally at 35 days of age. Blood was collected at 14 and 35 days of age to measure immunoglobulin IgG(1), IgG(2) and IgE isotype-relatedness of antibody (Ab) to CA and HEWL. Comparison was made between two different groups of pigs (A) and (B), from the same herd tested separately at an interval of two and a half years. An unexpected group difference in IR bias was observed. Bias in IR was not consistently toward type-2. Increase in DSFT to CA, an indicator of type-1 IR, was greater in A while frequency of wheal and flare to injection of HEWL, a type-2 IR correlate, was greater in B. Frequency of individuals with positive serum Ab activity to both Ags was greater in B than A for most isotypes. Ratios of Ab activity by type-1 and 2 isotypes and DSFT to type-1 and 2 Ags indicate diminished type-1 relative to type-2 biased IR response in B. We conclude that in normal neonatal pigs under standard husbandry IR bias is not invariably toward type-2. Phenotype varied between groups in type-1:type-2 bias with implications for protective and immunopathogenic IR. While the etiology was not pursued it is possible that unidentified environmental variables may have induced this change in IR phenotype. 相似文献
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Cultures of bovine alveolar macrophages were inoculated with type-1 and type-8 adenoviruses, initially isolated from calves with respiratory tract disease, and functional properties of the cells were observed over a period of 10 to 11 days. Both viruses replicated in macrophages; viral titers were low (less than 3.75 log10 TCID50/0.1 ml), and intranuclear inclusions were detected by indirect immunofluorescence in 5 to 10% of the cells from 3 days after inoculation. Highest titers were induced by type-1 adenovirus, which also induced the greatest functional changes. Expression of Fc and complement receptors was reduced by both viruses, although the greatest effects were seen with type 1. Phagocytosis of Candida krusei cells was reduced following type 1 infection, whereas phagocytosis in type-8-infected cells was not different from that of noninfected macrophages. Ability to kill ingested Candida cells also was reduced following type-1 infection, whereas type-8-infected macrophages had lower killing ability only at 2 to 4 days after inoculation. Neither virus had substantial effects on the production of neutrophil chemotactic factors by the macrophages. 相似文献
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Detection of capsular polysaccharide in milk of cows with natural intramammary infection caused by Staphylococcus aureus 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Detection of capsular polysaccharide (CP) in milk of cows with natural intramammary infection caused by Staphylococcus aureus was attempted. Five quarters of 5 cows harboring S aureus strains that produce type-8 CP were selected. Using an ELISA with a monoclonal antibody, type-8 CP was not detected in extracts prepared from fresh milk collected aseptically. By contrast, CP was easily detectable after incubation of infected milk at 38 C for 20 hours. Quantitation of CP in extracts from incubated milk samples by use of ELISA indicated a great variation of CP expression by strains. Although an incubation step was necessary to detect CP, results of the study indicate that CP may be expressed in vivo during intramammary infection caused by S aureus. 相似文献
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Fairbanks K Schnackel J Chase CC 《Veterinary therapeutics : research in applied veterinary medicine》2003,4(1):24-34
Both type-1 and type-2 bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) infections are responsible for major losses in the cattle industry. However, several commercial BVDV vaccines contain only a type-1 strain. A vaccine trial was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of BVDV type-1 (Singer strain; BVDV-1) vaccine for protecting calves challenged with virulent BVDV type-2 (890 strain; BVDV-2). Thirty-eight BVDV-negative calves were randomly allocated to four groups. One group was treated with a modified live virus (MLV) BVDV-1 vaccine by i.m. injection and another group was treated with the same vaccine by s.c. injection. Two groups served as nonvaccinated controls (one i.m. and one s.c.). Twenty-eight days following vaccination, the calves were challenged with BVDV-2 and monitored for 21 days. Clinical scores and body temperatures of vaccinated calves were significantly (P<.05) lower than for controls on several days, and peak differences occurred 8 days after challenge. The control calves had significantly (P<.05) lower leukocyte counts 3 through 8 days after challenge; leukocyte counts for vaccinated animals did not decline significantly from prechallenge levels. There were no differences in protection between the i.m. and s.c. routes of vaccination. The study demonstrated satisfactory cross protection of the BVDV-1 vaccine against BVDV-2 challenge. 相似文献
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Spiridon K. Kritas Maurice B. Pensaert Thomas C. Mettenleiter 《Veterinary microbiology》1994,40(3-4):323-334
The purpose of the study was to evaluate the role which non-essential envelope glycoproteins play in the neuroinvasion and neural spread of ADV. The invasion and spread in the trigeminal nervous pathway with the Ka strain of ADV and its single deletion mutants Ka gI−, Ka gp63− and Ka gIII− were examined after intranasal inoculation in neonatal pigs by virus isolation and immunocytochemistry. Evaluation was performed in the nasal mucosa, trigeminal ganglion (1st neuronal level), pons-medulla (2nd neuronal level) and thalamus-cerebellum (3rd neuronal level). The Ka gIII− mutant invaded up to the 3rd neuronal level of the trigeminal pathway and spread in a similar way to the parental Ka strain. The Ka gp63− mutant invaded up to the 3rd neuronal level but the spread of this mutant was impaired at all the neuronal levels. The Ka gI− mutant was least neuroinvasive and reached only up to the 2nd neuronal level. The results showed that glycoproteins gI and gp63 play a role in the invasion and spread of ADV in the nervous system. However, the gI glycoprotein appears to be the most important for neuroinvasion and neural spread of ADV in pigs. Therefore, gI deleted vaccines may be considered to be safer with respect to the neuroinvasion than vaccines carrying single deletions of other non-essential envelope glycoproteins. 相似文献
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Functional Morphology of the Zona Pellucida 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
F. Sinowatz E. Töpfer-Petersen S. Kölle & G. Palma 《Anatomia, histologia, embryologia》2001,30(5):257-263
The zona pellucida (ZP) is an extracellular matrix surrounding the oocyte and the early embryo that exerts several important functions during fertilization and early embryonic development. The ZP of most mammalian species is composed of three major glycoproteins that show considerable heterogeneity due to extensive post-translational modifications. Sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the ZP reveals three to four glycoproteins which have been nominated ZPI. ZP2, ZP3 and ZP4. As cloning and characterization of the ZP genes of a variety of mammalian species including domestic animals show a high homology, three classes of ZP genes, ZPA, ZPB and ZPC can be discerned. The corresponding proteins were named ZPA, ZPB and ZPC. Whereas in the mouse ZPB is the primary sperm receptor. the situation is more complicated in other species. For instance, in the pig ZPA has been shown to possess receptor activity. Interaction between gametes during fertilization is at least in part regulated by carbohydrate moieties of the ZP and carbohydrate-binding proteins of the sperm surface. In domestic animals zona proteins are expressed in both the oocyte and granulosa cells in a stage-specific pattern and may play a role in granulosa cell differentiation. The role of ZP glycoproteins in immunocontraception is briefly discussed. 相似文献
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A L Hamel L L Lin C Sachvie E Grudeski G P Nayar 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》2000,64(1):44-52
A polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay was developed for detecting porcine circovirus (PCV). The assay readily detected type-2 PCV (PCV-2) and type-1 PCV (PCV-1). The PCR primers were designed based on DNA sequences conserved in all reported PCV genomes. Type 1 PCV and type 2 PCV both produced 438 bp amplification products, which were easily identified and differentiated from one another by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis. Porcine circovirus was detected in 55% (931/1693) of randomly tested pigs with various clinical signs and lesions, most of which were difficult to differentiate from those associated with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS). The PCR products from all positive clinical samples were identified by RFLP to be only PCV-2; DNA tested by PCR was extracted directly from one or more of lung, mesenteric or mediastinal lymph nodes, and tonsil. Type 2 PCV was also detected in 6% (2/34) of DNA extracted directly from semen of randomly chosen healthy boars. Positive PCR reactions from 554 diseased pigs were characterized by RFLP and categorized into 5 different profiles (A-E), of which 82.8% were PCV-2A (456/554), 3.0% were PCV-2B (17/554), 9.9% were PCV-2C (55/554), 1.1% were PCV-2D (6/554), and 3.2% were PCV-2E (18/554). The complete genomic nucleotide sequences of PCV-2A, B, C, D, and E were determined and found to have at least 95% homology compared with one another and with all other PCV-2 found in the GenBank database. All PCV-2 had less than 76% homology with PCV-1. This PCR assay will hopefully be useful to veterinary diagnostic laboratories for routine testing and surveillance of infection with PCV-2. The RFLP profiling system might be useful for preliminary characterization and identification of PCV isolates and might also benefit studies on the molecular epidemiology of PCV. 相似文献