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1.
B. Fofana D. G. Humphreys G. Rasul S. Cloutier A. Brûlé-Babel S. Woods O. M. Lukow D. J. Somers 《Euphytica》2009,165(3):509-521
Hard white wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is a value-added product because of its processing advantages over red wheat; however, white wheat tends to be more susceptible
to pre-harvest sprouting (PHS). To identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with PHS tolerance, we developed a doubled
haploid (DH) mapping population from the cross AC Domain (red seeded) × White-RL4137 (white seeded). A genetic map was constructed
using microsatellite markers located on chromosome groups 3, 4, 5 and 6. A population of 174 DH lines was characterized for
important aspects of PHS including sprouting index, germination index, Hagberg falling number and seed coat colour. A total
of 11 QTLs were identified on group 3 chromosomes and on chromosome 5D. Seven QTLs associated with the PHS traits were found
to be co-incident with seed coat colour on chromosomes 3A, 3B and 3D. The 5D PHS QTL was notable because it is independent
of seed coat colour. 相似文献
2.
White-grained wheat cultivars have long been recognized to be less resistant to preharvest sprouting (PHS) than the red-grained ones. Previously two QTLs for grain dormancy, QPhs.ocs-3A.1 (QPhs-3AS) and QPhs.ocs-4A.1 (QPhs-4AL) were identified in a highly dormant Japanese red wheat, Zenkoujikomugi (Zen). Aiming at improvement of PHS tolerance in white-grained wheat, the introgression effect of these two QTLs in a white-grained population consisting of 40 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) developed from a cross between Zen and white-grained Spica was examined here. Random 20 RILs with red grains were also developed from the same cross and used as a control population. The RILs were grown in the field and in the glasshouse to evaluate the grain dormancy by germination test. Several SSR markers closely linked to the QPhs-3AS and QPhs-4AL were used to estimate the alleles at the QTLs. Dormancy variation in the RILs was significantly associated with the differences for grain color and the alleles at QPhs-3AS over several years. Although allelic variation was detected in a SSR marker closely linked to QPhs-4AL there was no difference in germination data between the Zen-allele and the Spica-allele groups. As expected, the red-grained RILs with the Zen allele at QPhs-3AS were the most dormant. Some white-grained RILs with the Zen allele at QPhs-3AS showed higher dormancy compared to the red-grained RILs with the alternative allele. These results demonstrated that introgression of the QPhs-3AS gene could contribute to the increased grain dormancy in white-grained wheat. 相似文献
3.
The possibility of breeding white-grained wheats tolerant to pre-harvest sprouting under Japanese humid weather conditions
is discussed. New genetic dormancy sources, such as, AUS1408, 8019R1 and RyuuMai7, were evaluated for seed dormancy in different
weather conditions. Some white-grained dormant wheats showed a strong dormancy similar to that of red-grained dormant wheats
in a greenhouse trial, in the field their dormancy expression was much less than the red wheats. Three populations involving
crosses with these new sources for winter wheat breeding were examined under repeated selection for seed dormancy. Some dormant
white-grained lines, as judged under glasshouse conditions, were developed. Again the level of dormancy in these lines was
not sufficient compared to red dormant varieties in field trial. In order to develop truly superior dormant white-grained
materials, one population involving crosses with two dormant varieties, AUS1408 and 8019R1, was examined under repeated selection.
From these materials we succeeded in breeding lines that had not only a good dormancy but also showed adaptation to Japanese
weather conditions, including earliness, scab resistance and good seed appearance. However again the dormancy of these lines
in field trial was not sufficient compared to that of red wheats and there was not a clear difference for seed dormancy between
breeding lines and their parents. We conclude therefore that more work involving the use of new genetic sources or new breeding
techniques, will be necessary for breeding advanced lines that maintain a sufficient tolerance to PHS in humid Japanese weather
condition.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
4.
G. Rasul D. G. Humphreys A. Brûlé-Babel C. A. McCartney R. E. Knox R. M. DePauw D. J. Somers 《Euphytica》2009,168(3):363-378
Pre-harvest sprouting (PHS) in spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is a major downgrading factors for grain producers and can significantly reduce end-use quality. PHS resistance is a
complex trait influenced by genotype, environment and plant morphological factors. A population of 185 doubled haploid (DH)
lines from the spring wheat cross ‘RL4452/AC Domain’ were used as the mapping population to detect quantitative trait loci
(QTLs) associated with three PHS traits, germination index (GI), sprouting index (SI) and falling number (FN). Six major QTLs
linked with PHS traits were mapped on bread wheat chromosomes 3A, 3D, 4A (2 loci), 4B and 7D. ‘AC Domain’ alleles contributed
to PHS resistance on 3A, 4A (locus-2) and 4B, and ‘RL4452’ alleles contributed resistance on 3D, 4A (locus-1) and 7D. QTLs
detected on chromosome 4B controlling FN (QFN.crc-4B), GI (QGI.crc-4B) and SI (QSI.crc-4B) were coincident, and explained the largest amount of phenotypic variation in FN (22%), GI (67%) and SI (26%), respectively. 相似文献
5.
Liangzi Cao Kazuki Hayashi Mayumi Tokui Masahiko Mori Hideho Miura Kazumitsu Onishi 《Breeding Science》2016,66(2):260-270
Pre-harvest sprouting (PHS) is one of the serious problems for wheat production, especially in rainy regions. Although seed dormancy is the most critical trait for PHS resistance, the control of heading time should also be considered to prevent seed maturation during unfavorable conditions. In addition, awning is known to enhance water absorption by the spike, causing PHS. In this study, we conducted QTL analysis for three PHS resistant related traits, seed dormancy, heading time and awn length, by using recombinant inbred lines from ‘Zenkouji-komugi’ (high PHS resistance) × ‘Chinese Spring’ (weak PHS resistance). QTLs for seed dormancy were detected on chromosomes 1B (QDor-1B) and 4A (QDor-4A), in addition to a QTL on chromosome 3A, which was recently cloned as TaMFT-3A. In addition, the accumulation of the QTLs and their epistatic interactions contributed significantly to a higher level of dormancy. QDor-4A is co-located with the Hooded locus for awn development. Furthermore, an effective QTL, which confers early heading by the Zenkouji-komugi allele, was detected on the short arm of chromosome 7B, where the Vrn-B3 locus is located. Understanding the genetic architecture of traits associated with PHS resistance will facilitate the marker assisted selection to breed new varieties with higher PHS resistance. 相似文献
6.
F. Y. Gao G. J. Ren X. J. Lu S. X. Sun H. J. Li Y. M. Gao H. Luo W. G. Yan Y. Z. Zhang 《Plant Breeding》2008,127(3):268-273
Preharvest sprouting (PHS) is caused by early breaking of seed dormancy. In Sichuan, a major hybrid rice seed production area of China, PHS in hybrid seeds originated from ‘G46A’ parent may lead to severe yield loss, causing serious damage to agricultural production. To detect quantitative trait loci (QTLs) governing PHS, we developed an F2 population of 164 plants derived from ‘G46B’ and ‘K81’, a near‐isogenic introgression line of G46B, with high level of resistance to PHS. PHS was evaluated under controlled field and laboratory conditions. Using simple sequence repeat markers, we constructed a linkage map from this population and identified three QTLs for PHS, namely qPSR2, qPSR5 and qPSR8, which were located on chromosomes 2, 5 and 8, respectively. Among these QTLs, qPSR8, residing in the interval between RM447 and RM3754 on chromosome 8, was the major QTL controlling PHS, for it had a relative high logarithm of the odds (LOD) score and explained 43.04% of the phenotypic variation. These results were correspondent to those identified in extreme low germination rate plants (ELGP) using linkage and linkage disequilibrium. At all loci, ‘K81’ was responsible for enhancing the resistance to PHS. 相似文献
7.
水稻种子休眠性是关系到稻米品质和稻种质量的一个重要农艺性状。研究水稻种子休眠性遗传及分子机制对培育具有适度休眠性的优良水稻品种具有重要意义。本研究以籼稻品种9311为受体、普通野生稻为供体的染色体片段置换系群体为材料,在后熟不同时间检测群体种子休眠性,对控制种子休眠性的QTL进行定位分析,共定位到14个QTL,分布在第3、第4、第5、第6、第7、第10、第11、第12染色体上。筛选休眠性显著强于背景亲本9311的家系,分析这些家系携带的QTL数目,表明携带的位点越多,休眠性越强。进一步利用家系Q14与9311的F2群体验证了第7染色体标记RM180和RM21323之间存在一个效应较大的QTL qSD-7-2,该位点LOD值为18.49,可解释的表型变异率为33.53%,表明该位点是一个控制普通野生稻种子休眠性的主效QTL,且能稳定遗传。本研究为野生稻种子休眠基因的精细定位及克隆奠定了基础,且为培育强休眠性籼稻品种提供了育种材料。 相似文献
8.
Grain dormancy in wheat is an important component of resistance to preharvest sprouting and hence an important trait for wheat
breeders. The significant influence of environment on the dormancy phenotype makes this trait an obvious target for marker-assisted-selection.
Closely related breeding lines, SUN325B and QT7475, containing a major dormancy QTL derived from AUS1408 located on chromosome
4A, but substantially different in dormancy phenotype, were compared with a non-dormant cultivar, Hartog, in a range of controlled
environments. As temperature increased, dormancy at harvest-ripeness decreased particularly for QT7475. The dormancy phenotypes
of reciprocal F1 grains involving all possible combinations of Hartog, QT7475 and SUN325B were also compared in two environments with different
temperatures. The results were consistent with the presence of QTL in addition to 4A in SUN325B, compared with QT7475, at
least one of which was associated with the seed coat. Genetic analysis of a doubled haploid population derived from SUN325B × QT7475
identified a highly significant QTL located on chromosome 3BL, close to the expected position of the mutant allele of the
red seed coat colour gene in white-grained wheat, R-B1a. When the lines in the population were grouped according to the parental alleles at marker loci flanking the 3B QTL, the
dormancy phenotype frequency distribution for the SUN325B group was shifted towards greater dormancy compared with the QT7475
group. However, significant variation for dormancy phenotype remained within each group. Lines representing the extremes of
the range of phenotypes within each group maintained their relative ranking across seven environments consistent with the
presence of another unidentified QTL contributing to dormancy in SUN325B. 相似文献
9.
Shi-He Xiao Hai-Ping Zhang Guang-Xia You Xiu-Ying Zhang Chang-Sheng Yan Xu Chen 《Euphytica》2012,188(1):85-88
Few Chinese high yielding white-grained wheat cultivars possess sufficient dormancy to avoid pre-harvest sprouting (PHS). Because the field evaluation of PHS is difficult, the identification of informative molecular markers is a priority for improving the level of dormancy. In this report, the effectiveness of phenotypic and genotypic selection was compared. Four microsatellite loci Xbarc57, Xbarc294, Xbarc310 and Xbarc321, mapped on the short arm of chromosome 3A, were used for selection in white-grained wheat F5 lines which were also selected on the basis of their grain filling rate (GFR). One of these (later designated cv. Zhongmai911) was further selected on the basis of its allelic constitution at the four SSR loci. This cultivar combines a high level of PHS resistance with high grain yield. The results suggested that rapid GFR and PHS resistance can be bred simultaneously. 相似文献
10.
Effective cumulative temperature (ECT) after heading would be a more reasonable parameter for seed sampling of pre-harvest sprouting/seed dormancy (SD) tests in segregating populations than the days after flowering. SD is an important agronomic trait associated with grain yielding, eating quality and seed quality. To identify genomic regions affecting SD at different grain-filling temperatures, and to further examine the association between SD and ECT during grain-filling, 127 double haploid (DH) lines derived from a cross between ZYQ8 (indica)/JX17 (japonica) by anther culture were analyzed. The quantitative trait loci (QTLs) and their digenic epistasis for SD were identified using a molecular linkage map of this population. A total of four putative QTLs for SD (qSD-3, qSD-5, 6 and 11) were detected on chromosomes 3, 5, 6 and 11, together explaining 41.4% of the phenotypic variation. Nine pairs of digenic epistatic loci were associated with SD on all but chromosome 9, and their contributions to phenotypic variation varied from 2.87%–8.73%. The SD QTL on chromosome 3 was identical to the QTLs found in other mapping populations with different genetic backgrounds, which could be a desirable candidate for gene cloning and marker-assisted selection in rice breeding. 相似文献
11.
Xiao-Qi Zhang Sharon Westcott Joe Panozzo Mehmet Cakir Stefan Harasymow Allen Tarr Sue Broughton Reg Lance Chengdao Li 《Euphytica》2012,188(1):103-111
The association between high malting quality and pre-harvest sprouting (PHS) susceptibility is a key challenge when developing new malting barley varieties. A new malting barley variety Baudin has successfully combined high malting quality and PHS tolerance. A doubled haploid population was developed for mapping PHS tolerance and seed dormancy from a cross of Baudin?×?AC Metcalfe using 233 molecular markers. Three QTLs were mapped for seed dormancy based on the standard germination test at 24, 48 and 72?h. One major QTL was mapped to the long arm of chromosome 5H controlling seed dormancy and PHS tolerance from Baudin. Two other minor QTLs were identified from Baudin on chromosomes 3 and 7H. QTL/QTL interaction was detected for seed dormancy between chromosomes 3 and 5H. The PHS tolerance allele of the 5H QTL from Baudin contributes to higher malt yield without significant impact on diastatic power, beta-glucan content and wort viscosity. QTL from Baudin provide new sources to integrate PHS tolerance and high malting quality. 相似文献
12.
Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) influencing textural properties (hardness, adhesiveness, springiness, cohesiveness, gumminess,
chewiness, and resilience)of wheat for Chinese northern-style steamed bread were studied using a doubled haploid (DH) population
containing 168 lines derived from a cross between elite Chinese wheat cultivars Huapei 3 and Yumai 57 (Triticum aestivum L.). The DH population and parents were grown in 2007 and 2008 in Tai’an and 2008 in Suzhou. QTL analyses were performed using
the software QTL Network version 2.0 and IciMapping v2.2 based on the mixed linear model. Thirty nine putative QTLs were detected
on 14 chromosomes: viz. 1A, 2A, 3A, 4A, 6A, 1B, 2B, 3B, 5B, 6B, 7B, 5D, 6D, and 7D, and single QTLs explained 3.91–35.17%
of the phenotypic variation. Eight pairs of QTLs with epistatic effects and/or epistasis × environment (AAE) effects were
detected for adhesiveness, resilience, hardness, and cohesiveness on chromosomes 2A, 1B and 3D. Several co-located QTLs with
additive effects were detected on chromosomes 2B, 5D, 6A, 3A, 3B and 6D. Two clusters of three QTLs for steamed bread textural
properties (chewiness, gumminess, and hardness) and for adhesiveness, cohesiveness and resilience were detected on chromosome
2B. Two co-located QTLs with epistatic effects were detected on chromosomes 1B and 3A. Both additive effects and epistatic
effects were important for Chinese steamed bread textural properties, which were also subject to environmental modifications.
The information obtained in this study will be useful for manipulating QTLs determining Chinese steamed bread textural properties
by molecular marker-assisted selection. 相似文献
13.
Lee T. Hickey Mark J. Dieters Ian H. DeLacy Olena Y. Kravchuk Daryl J. Mares Phillip M. Banks 《Euphytica》2009,168(3):303-310
Pre-harvest sprouting (PHS) in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) can be a significant problem, causing deleterious effects on grain quality. However, the adverse impacts of PHS can be
reduced by introgressing genes controlling grain dormancy into white-grained bread wheat. Screening for grain dormancy typically
involves germination testing of harvest-ripe grain grown in a glasshouse or field. However, the more uniform environmental
conditions provided by temperature controlled glasshouses (i.e. controlled environmental conditions—CEC) may provide significant
benefits for the assessment of grain dormancy. In this study, the dormancy phenotype of grain grown under CEC incorporating
an extended photoperiod, was compared with 2 years of data from field grown material. Four dormant double haploid lines (derived
from SW95-50213 and AUS1408) and two locally adapted non-dormant cultivars EGA Gregory and EGA Wills were compared in three
replicated experiments grown under CEC (22 ± 3°C and 24 h photoperiod). The germination response of harvest-ripe grain was
examined to assess the expression of grain dormancy. Two measures of germination, the predicted time to 50% germination (G
50) and a weighted germination index, both clearly differentiated dormant and non-dormant lines grown under CEC. In addition,
levels of grain dormancy were similar to field-grown plants. These results demonstrated that CEC with an extended photoperiod
can be used for rapid and reliable characterisation of grain dormancy in fixed lines of bread wheat. 相似文献
14.
以普通小麦品种川农16与人工合成小麦衍生品种川麦42为亲本构建了含有127个株系的重组自交系(RIL)群体,将2008和2009年收获的种子用玉米象(Sitophilus zeamais)虫卵进行接种,并于2009年11月开始储藏,次年8月和10月进行虫害调查。利用复合区间作图法(CIM)对RIL群体的抗虫性进行QTL定位分析。利用2008年收获群体检测到位于3B、2D和3D染色体的3个QTL,贡献率依次为10.2%、8.5%和8.3%;利用2009年收获群体检测到位于3D和4B的2个QTL,贡献率分别为8.5%和11.3%。位于3D染色体Xbarc6–Xgwm112标记区间内的QTL在年度间重复检测到,贡献率为8.3%~8.5%,抗性位点来自川农16。 相似文献
15.
Pre-harvest sprouting of durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. var durum) reduces commercial grade, although the actual effects on processing quality are controversial. Little is known about the genetics of the dormancy component of pre-harvest sprouting resistance in durum. We studied the segregation of dormancy in 98 recombinant inbred lines from a cross of a relatively non-dormant line, CI13102, with a moderately dormant line, Kyle. The lines and parents were grown in field tests over three years, 1996, 1997 and 1998. Spikes were collected at approximately 20% moisture and stored at −23 ∘C. Hand-threshed grain of the lines was germinated, and number of seeds germinated was counted each day. A germination resistance index was calculated to characterize dormancy. Dormancy appeared to be complexly inherited in this cross. Lines were observed that were significantly (P < 0.05) more dormant than the parents. The lines transgressive for dormancy expressed in different combinations of the three environments, indicating an environmental interaction. DNA of lines and parents was tested with simple sequence repeat primers and AFLPs that were used in quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis of dormancy. Significant QTLs for dormancy were found, with the most notable being on chromosome 1A, where other QTLs for pre-harvest sprouting resistance have been reported in common wheat. 相似文献
16.
To map quantitative trait loci (QTL) and heterotic loci (HL) related to grain number per spike (GNS), 168 double haploid (DH) populations derived from Huapei?3?×?Yumai?57 and an immortalized F 2 population (IF 2) generated by randomly permutated intermating of these DH populations were investigated. Using inclusive composite interval mapping (ICIM), a total of nine and eight significant QTLs for GNS were detected in three different environments in DH and IF 2 populations, respectively. QTLs on chromosomes?1A, 2B, 3B, and 6A were observed between two populations. Five QTLs were detected on chromosome?1A. Of these QTLs, QGns1A-1 was a major QTL explaining 31.25?% of phenotypic variation. QGns2B-2 detected on chromosome?2B had the most significant additive effects, explaining 46.75?% of phenotypic variation with the favorable allele contributed by Yumai?57 corresponding to an increase of 5.69?kernels. Mid-parent heterosis of each cross in the IF 2 population was used to map heterotic quantitative trait loci. A total of 17 HLs were detected. QTLs and HLs on chromosomes?2B and 6A were observed in the IF 2 population. Three HLs, QHgns1B-2, QHgns2B, and QHgns6A-1, were detected in two environments and expressed stably. These results showed that some intervals on chromosomes?1B, 2B, and 6A play an important role in GNS heterosis in wheat, improving understanding of this phenomenon. 相似文献
17.
Jiwen Yu Shuxun Yu Shuli Fan Meizhen Song Honghong Zhai Xingli Li Jinfa Zhang 《Euphytica》2012,187(2):191-201
Cotton is one of the most important oil-producing crops and the cottonseed meal provides important protein nutrients as animal feed. However, information on the genetic basis of cottonseed oil and protein contents is lacking. A backcross inbred line (BIL) population from a cross between Gossypium hirsutum as the recurrent parent and G. barbadense was used to identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for cottonseed oil, protein, and gossypol contents. The BIL population of 146 lines together with the two parental lines was tested in the same location for three years in China. Based on a genetic map of 392 SSR markers and a total genetic distance of 2,895.2 cM, 17 QTLs on 12 chromosomes for oil content, 22 QTLs on 12 chromosomes for protein content and three QTLs on two chromosomes for gossypol content were detected. Seed oil content was significantly and negatively correlated with seed protein content, which can be explained by eight QTLs for both oil and protein contents co-localized in the same regions but with opposite additive effects. This research represents the first report using a permanent advanced backcross inbred population of an interspecific hybrid population to identify QTLs for seed quality traits in cotton in three environments. 相似文献
18.
19.
L. T. Hickey W. Lawson V. N. Arief G. Fox J. Franckowiak M. J. Dieters 《Euphytica》2012,188(1):113-122
Grain dormancy provides protection against pre-harvest sprouting (PHS) in cereals. Composite interval mapping and association analyses were performed to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) contributing grain dormancy in a doubled haploid (DH) barley population (ND24260?×?Flagship) consisting of 321 lines genotyped with DArT markers. Harvest-ripe grain collected from three field experiments was germinated over a 7-day period to determine a weighted germination index for each line. DH lines displaying moderate to high levels of grain dormancy were identified; however, both parental lines were non-dormant and displayed rapid germination within the first two?days of testing. Genetic analysis identified two QTL on chromosome 5H that were expressed consistently in each of the three environments. One QTL (donated by Flagship) was located close to the centromeric region of chromosome 5H (qSDFlag), accounting for up to 15% of the phenotypic variation. A second QTL with a larger effect (from ND24260) was detected on chromosome 5HL (qSDND), accounting for up to 35% of the phenotypic variation. qSDFlag and qSDND displayed an epistatic interaction and DH lines that had the highest levels of grain dormancy carried both genes. We demonstrate that qSDND in the ND24260?×?Flagship DH population is positioned proximal and independent to the well-characterised SD2 region that is associated with both high levels of dormancy and inferior malt quality. This indicates that it should be possible to develop cultivars that combine acceptable malting quality and adequate levels of grain dormancy for protection against PHS by utilizing these alternate QTL. 相似文献
20.
基于QTL定位分析小麦株高的杂种优势 总被引：6，自引：2，他引：4
为探讨小麦株高杂种优势的分子遗传基础,以小麦品种花培3号和豫麦57杂交F1经染色体加倍获得的DH群体168个株系为材料,构建了一套含168个杂交组合的"永久F2"群体。利用复合区间作图法,在3个环境中进行了基于QTL定位的株高杂种优势分析,共检测到3个加性效应位点、2个显性效应位点、4对上位效应位点(包括加性×加性、加性×显性、显性×加性和显性×显性)和20个杂种优势位点。位于2D、4D和5B2染色体上的QPh2D、QPh4D和QPh5B2在3个环境中同时被检验到,受环境影响小,表达稳定。在2D染色体上相近的区域定位出多个杂种优势位点,其中QPh2D-2和QPh2D-7可解释杂种优势表型变异的29.77%和55.77%。在7D染色体的Xwmc273.2-Xcfd175之间定位出同一个杂种优势位点Qph7D-2。结果表明,在2D、4D和7D染色体上这些区域存在一些对小麦株高的杂种优势起重要作用的位点。 相似文献