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1.
本试验旨在研究生长猪基础饲粮组成对磷酸氢钙(DCP)和磷酸二氢钙(MCP)中磷的全肠道真消化率(TTTD)的影响。试验1选用10头平均体重为(30.4±1.8)kg的生长猪,按照10×8不完全拉丁方设计,分别饲喂含有5个DCP添加水平的玉米-豆粕型和含有5个DCP添加水平的小麦-豆粕型饲粮,进行8期消化试验;试验2选用10头平均体重为(30.9±1.5)kg的生长猪,按照10×8不完全拉丁方设计,分别饲喂含有5个M CP添加水平的玉米-豆粕型和含有5个MCP添加水平的小麦-豆粕型饲粮,进行8期消化试验。每期消化试验包括5 d的饲粮适应期和2 d的粪便收集期。结果表明:1)玉米-豆粕型饲粮的总粪磷排泄量极显著高于小麦-豆粕型饲粮(P0.01),小麦-豆粕型饲粮的全肠道可消化磷含量和磷的表观全肠道消化率(ATTD)极显著高于玉米-豆粕型饲粮(P0.01)。饲粮添加DCP和MCP线性增加总粪磷排泄量、全肠道可消化磷含量及磷的ATTD(P0.01)。2)通过使用线性回归法,测得生长猪采食玉米-豆粕型和小麦-豆粕型饲粮对DCP中磷的TTTD分别为82.33%和82.88%,生长猪采食玉米-豆粕型和小麦-豆粕型饲粮对MCP中磷的TTTD分别为85.88%和84.62%。由此可见,生长猪基础饲粮组成对DCP和MCP中磷的TTTD无显著影响。 相似文献
2.
本试验旨在研究小麦替代玉米饲粮添加木聚糖酶对生长猪生长性能、结肠菌群和氮排放的影响.试验选用126头体重约为45 kg的“杜×长×大”三元杂交生长猪,分为7组,每组3个重复,每个重复6头猪.具体分组是:对照组(CON组)饲喂玉米-豆粕型基础饲粮,W20组饲喂20％小麦基础饲粮,W20X组饲喂20％小麦基础饲粮+200 U/kg木聚糖酶,W40组饲喂40％小麦基础饲粮,W40X组饲喂40％小麦基础饲粮+200 U/kg木聚糖酶,W60组饲喂60％小麦基础饲粮,W60X组饲喂60％小麦基础饲粮+200 U/kg木聚糖酶.试验期50 d.结果表明:与对照组相比,W60组平均日增重显著降低(P＜0.05),料重比显著提高(P＜0.05),结肠梭菌、大肠杆菌数量显著增加(P＜0.05),粪氮排放量显著增加(P＜0.05);W20X和W40X组间平均日增重、料重比差异不显著(P＞0.05);W40X组结肠乳酸杆菌数量显著增加(P＜0.05),大肠杆菌、梭菌数量显著降低(P＜0.05),粪样pH、脲酶活性显著降低(P＜0.05).综上所述,木聚糖酶有明显的益生作用,能刺激肠道有益菌增殖并抑制有害菌增殖,减少氮排放.本试验条件下,添加200 U/kg木聚糖酶的小麦饲粮中,小麦最适替代量为40％. 相似文献
3.
《中国畜牧杂志》2017,(4)
本试验旨在研究低磷饲粮中添加不同浓度的植酸酶对生长猪生长性能、养分表观消化率和粪便中矿物元素排泄量的影响。试验选用112头初始重为35~40 kg的健康长×大二元杂交生长猪,随机分为4个处理,每个处理4个重复,每个重复7头生长猪。阳性对照组饲喂常磷饲粮,阴性对照组饲喂低磷饲粮,试验组在低磷饲粮基础上分别添加500、1 000 U/kg的植酸酶。结果表明:相比于不添加植酸酶的低磷饲粮组,低磷饲粮+植酸酶组显著提高了生长猪的日增重、降低了耗料增重比(P0.05),显著提高了灰分和磷的表观消化率、苯丙氨酸和半胱氨酸的表观消化率(P0.05),显著提高了铜、铁、锰、镁和钴的表观消化率(P0.05),显著降低了粪便中磷、铜、铁、锰和钴的排泄量(P0.05)。由此可知,玉米-豆粕型低磷饲粮中添加植酸酶能够显著改善生长猪的生长性能、提高养分表观消化率、减少粪便中矿物元素的排泄量;在本试验条件下,生长猪饲喂有效磷2.4 g/kg的玉米-豆粕型饲粮时,添加500 U/kg植酸酶可达到与常磷饲粮相同的生长性能,添加1 000 U/kg植酸酶时养分表观消化率提高更明显。 相似文献
4.
不同酶制剂在生长猪小麦型日粮中应用效果的研究 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
本研究选用4种不同的酶制剂（E1、E2、欧蒂酶(OT)、木聚糖酶）,以小麦基础日粮为试验材料,探讨不同酶制剂在生长猪小麦日粮中的应用效果。采用单因素试验设计,选用112头体重19.34 kg左右的二元（长×大）杂交猪,随机分为7个处理组,每组4个重复,每个重复4头猪,公母各半。试验期8周,分为0～2周、2～4周和4～8周3个阶段,饲喂日粮分别为玉米型日粮、小麦基础日粮、小麦基础日粮+不同酶制剂（E1,E2,欧蒂酶,木聚糖酶）和低能小麦型日粮+欧蒂酶,考察酶制剂对生长猪生产性能的影响;同时,另选6头体重在20 kg左右的二元（长×大）杂交阉公猪于回肠末端安装T型瘘管,采用6×6拉丁方试验设计进行消化试验,利用内源指示剂法(AIA)测定酶制剂对营养物质的表观回肠和粪消化率。试验结果表明,与小麦基础组相比,小麦日粮中添加酶制剂能提高生长猪的平均日增重,2～4周时有提高趋势（P=0.10）;与小麦对照组相比较,E1组全期平均日增重差异不显著（P>0.05）, 木聚糖酶组和E2组差异显著（P<0.05）,欧蒂酶组差异极显著（P<0.01）。小麦日粮中添加酶制剂均能显著降低生长猪全期料重比（P<0.05）;同时,酶制剂能显著降低生长猪4～8周及全期的腹泻率（P<0.05）,E2组、欧蒂酶组、木聚糖酶组达极显著水平（P<0.01）;消化试验结果表明,酶制剂有提高日粮中蛋白质和能量的粪表观消化率,但差异不显著（P>0.05）;酶制剂的添加有提高能量的回肠表观消化率的趋势（P=0.10）;E2、欧蒂酶、木聚糖酶的添加能显著提高粗蛋白质的回肠表观消化率（P<0.05）,E1组差异不显著（P>0.05）。 相似文献
5.
《动物营养学报》2015,(8)
本试验旨在研究饲粮类型和磷水平对生长猪后肠磷消化率和可消化磷含量的影响。选用32头平均体重为(34.1±1.2)kg安装了简单T型瘘管的生长公猪,采用2×2因子完全随机区组设计分为4个处理,每个处理8个重复,每个重复1头猪。以玉米-豆粕型和小麦-豆粕型饲粮作为基础饲粮,通过添加磷酸氢钙提高饲粮总磷水平,研究其对生长猪后肠磷消化率的影响。结果表明:小麦-豆粕型饲粮组的回肠食糜磷排泄量和粪磷排泄量显著低于玉米-豆粕型饲粮组(P0.01),从而增加了回肠可消化磷和全肠道可消化磷含量以及磷的表观回肠消化率和全肠道消化率(P0.01)。通过添加磷酸氢钙增加饲粮磷含量,可显著提高采食玉米-豆粕型和小麦-豆粕型饲粮生长猪的总磷摄入量、回肠食糜磷排泄量、回肠可消化磷和全肠道可消化磷含量以及磷的表观回肠消化率和全肠道消化率(P0.01)。后肠可消化磷和磷的表观后肠消化率不受饲粮类型和磷水平的影响(P0.05)。玉米-豆粕型饲粮低磷组、玉米-豆粕型饲粮高磷组、小麦-豆粕型饲粮低磷组和小麦-豆粕型饲粮高磷组磷的表观全肠道消化率比磷的表观回肠消化率分别高9.69%、6.79%、9.36%和10.53%(P0.05)。由此可见,生长猪后肠存在磷的消化吸收,但其消化吸收能力有限,且不受饲粮类型和磷水平的影响。 相似文献
6.
本试验旨在研究胍基乙酸(GAA)对育成期公貂生长性能、脏器指数、营养物质表观消化率的影响。选用65日龄体重相近的育成期短毛黑公貂60只,随机分为6组,每组10个重复,每个重复1只貂。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组在基础饲粮中分别添加200、400、600、800和1000 mg/kg GAA。预试期1周;正试期10周,分为试验Ⅰ期(第1~5周)和试验Ⅱ期(第6~10周)。结果表明:与对照组相比,1)饲粮中添加600 mg/kg GAA可显著提高试验Ⅰ期、试验Ⅱ期和试验全期平均日增重(ADG)(P<0.05),极显著降低试验Ⅰ期、试验Ⅱ期和试验全期料重比(F/G)(P<0.01),极显著提高试验全期体长(P<0.01);2)饲粮中添加600 mg/kg GAA可显著提高心脏指数(P<0.05),饲粮中添加800 mg/kg GAA可显著提高肾脏指数(P<0.05),饲粮中添加400 mg/kg GAA可极显著提高脾脏指数(P<0.01),饲粮中添加200 mg/kg GAA可显著降低肠体比(P<0.05);3)饲粮中添加200 mg/kg GAA可显著提高试验Ⅰ期粗脂肪(EE)和试验Ⅱ期磷(P)表观消化率(P<0.05),饲粮中添加200、400和600 mg/kg GAA可显著提高试验Ⅱ期粗蛋白质(CP)表观消化率(P<0.05),饲粮中添加400和600 mg/kg GAA可显著提高试验Ⅱ期钙(Ca)表观消化率(P<0.05),饲粮中添加800 mg/kg GAA可极显著提高试验Ⅰ期Ca表观消化率(P<0.01);4)饲粮中添加600 mg/kg GAA可显著提高试验Ⅰ期半胱氨酸(Cys)和缬氨酸(Val)表观消化率及试验Ⅱ期Val、酪氨酸(Tyr)和赖氨酸(Lys)表观消化率(P<0.05),极显著提高试验Ⅰ期精氨酸(Arg)和总氨基酸(TAA)表观消化率及试验Ⅱ期蛋氨酸(Met)、组氨酸(His)、Arg和TAA表观消化率(P<0.01)。综合分析生长性能、脏器指数、营养物质表观消化率,建议育成期公貂饲粮中GAA的适宜添加水平为600 mg/kg。 相似文献
7.
本试验旨在研究饲粮直链/支链淀粉和淀粉酶对肉鸡生长性能和营养物质表观消化率的影响。试验采用4×3双因子设计,选用1日龄爱拔益加(AA)肉仔鸡960只,随机分为12个组,每组5个重复,每个重复16羽肉鸡,饲粮直链/支链淀粉分别为0.11、0.23、0.35、0.47,淀粉酶的添加量分别为0、3000、6000U/kg。试验期为21d。试验测定了肉鸡生长性能和营养物质表观消化率。结果表明:1)直链/支链淀粉为0.23的饲粮组肉鸡的平均日增重显著提高(P<0.05),料重比以直链/支链淀粉为0.47的饲粮组最高(P<0.05),其他组间差异不显著(P>0.05);饲粮中添加6000U/kg淀粉酶显著降低肉鸡平均日增重(P<0.05),但对料重比影响不显著(P>0.05);二者的互作效应不显著(P>0.05)。2)能量、粗蛋白质、干物质、粗脂肪以及钙表观消化率以直链/支链淀粉为0.11的饲粮组最高(P<0.05),直链/支链淀粉为0.47的饲粮组最低(P<0.05);饲粮中添加淀粉酶对营养物质表观消化率影响不显著(P>0.05);二者的互作效应对营养物质表观消化率影响显著(P<0.05)。综上所述,饲喂直链/支链淀粉为0.23和淀粉酶添加量为3 000 U/kg的饲粮可提高肉鸡的生长性能。 相似文献
8.
《动物营养学报》2016,(9)
本试验旨在探讨饲粮中添加三丁酸甘油酯(TB)和牛至油(OEO)对断奶仔猪生长性能、血清生化指标、营养物质表观消化率和粪中微生物菌群的影响。试验选用28日龄平均体重为(7.27±0.68)kg的健康大白断奶仔猪128头,随机分成4组,每组4个重复,每个重复8头猪。各组分别饲喂基础饲粮(对照组)、基础饲粮+1 kg/t TB(TB组)、基础饲粮+1 kg/t OEO(OEO组)、基础饲粮+1 kg/t TB+1 kg/t OEO(TB+OEO组)。试验期28 d。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,OEO组显著提高了断奶仔猪平均日增重(P0.05),极显著降低了腹泻率(P0.01);TB+OEO组显著降低了断奶仔猪料重比(P0.05),极显著降低了腹泻率(P0.01)。2)各组之间血清生化指标无显著差异(P0.05)。3)与对照组相比,TB+OEO组显著提高了断奶仔猪粗蛋白质表观消化率(P0.05),极显著提高了粗脂肪表观消化率(P0.01)。4)与对照组相比,TB组、OEO组和TB+OEO组均极显著降低了粪中大肠杆菌的数量(P0.01);TB+OEO组显著提高了粪中双歧杆菌的数量(P0.05)。综上所述,基础饲粮中添加TB+OEO可提高断奶仔猪生长性能,改善营养物质表观消化率,调节肠道菌群平衡。 相似文献
9.
试验旨在探讨饲粮能量和蛋白来源对育肥猪生长性能、养分消化率、血清生化指标、胴体性状以及肉质的影响。试验采用2×2因子试验设计,选取DLY育肥猪60头[平均体重(81±7.89) kg],随机分为4个处理,每个处理5个重复,每个重复3头猪。饲粮能量来源包括玉米和小麦,饲粮蛋白来源包括豆粕和菜粕。4个处理分别饲喂玉米-豆粕型、玉米-菜粕型、小麦-豆粕型、小麦-菜粕型饲粮,试验期28 d。结果表明:①4种饲粮对猪平均日采食量和平均日增重无显著影响(P0.05),但玉米豆粕组的料重比显著低于其余3组(P0.05)。②能量和蛋白来源显著影响养分的消化率。与小麦饲粮相比,玉米饲粮极显著提高了粗脂肪、干物质、灰分、钙和磷的消化率以及能量的利用率(P0.01);与豆粕饲粮相比,菜粕饲粮极显著提高了钙、磷的消化率和能量的利用率(P0.01),显著提高了干物质的消化率(P0.05)。③与豆粕饲粮相比,菜粕饲粮极显著提高了猪血清尿素氮的含量(P0.01);与小麦饲粮相比,玉米饲粮显著提高了猪血清总蛋白水平,显著降低了胰岛素样生长因子Ⅰ水平。④玉米豆粕组的眼肌面积显著高于玉米菜粕组(P0.05);与玉米菜粕组相比,小麦菜粕组显著降低了肌肉的蒸煮损失(P0.05),显著提高了肌内脂肪含量(P0.05)。由此可见,4种饲粮对育肥猪的生长性能无显著影响,但显著影响猪养分的表观消化率,且对育肥猪胴体性状、肉质有一定的影响。 相似文献
10.
《中国畜牧杂志》2016,(13)
选用48头平均体重为(40.3±0.6)kg生长阉公猪,采用2×3因子完全随机区组设计分为6个处理,每个处理8个重复,每个重复1头猪。通过在生长猪玉米豆粕型和小麦豆粕型饲粮中添加磷酸氢钙和磷酸二氢钙,研究基础饲粮组成对差量法测得磷酸氢钙和磷酸二氢钙中磷真消化率的影响。结果表明:小麦豆粕型饲粮组的粪磷排泄量显著低于玉米豆粕型饲粮组,可消化磷和磷的表观全肠道消化率(ATTD)显著高于玉米豆粕型饲粮组(P0.01)。饲粮添加磷酸氢钙(DCP)和磷酸二氢钙(MCP)显著增加生长猪的总磷摄入量、粪磷排泄量、可消化磷以及磷的ATTD(P0.01)。差量法测得小麦豆粕型饲粮组DCP(P0.05)和MCP(P0.1)磷的全肠道真消化率(TTTD)分别为88.31%和89.01%,显著高于玉米豆粕型饲粮组的81.02%和84.87%。因此,基础饲粮类型显著影响生长猪对饲粮无机磷中磷的消化率。 相似文献
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13.
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of increasing levels of β-glucanase on the modulation of jejunal mucosa-associated microbiota in relation to nutrient digestibility and intestinal health of pigs fed diets with 30% corn distiller’s dried grains with solubles and xylanase. Forty pigs at 12.4 ± 0.5 kg body weight (BW) were allotted in a randomized complete block design with initial BW and sex as blocks. Dietary treatments consisted of a basal diet with xylanase (1,500 endo-pentosanase units [EPU]/kg) and increasing levels of β-glucanase (0, 200, 400, and 600 U/kg) meeting nutrient requirements and fed to pigs for 21 d. Blood samples were collected on day 19. On day 21, all pigs were euthanized to collect intestinal tissues and digesta. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin (IL)-6, and malondialdehyde were measured in the plasma and mid-jejunal mucosa. Viscosity was determined using digesta from the distal jejunum. Ileal and rectal digesta were evaluated to determine apparent ileal digestibility (AID) and apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of nutrients. Mucosa samples from the mid-jejunum were utilized for microbiota sequencing. Data were analyzed using the MIXED procedure on SAS 9.4. Overall, increasing dietary β-glucanase tended to increase (linear; P = 0.077) the average daily gain of pigs. Increasing dietary β-glucanase affected (quadratic; P < 0.05) the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes, reduced (linear; P < 0.05) Helicobacter rappini, and increased (linear, P < 0.05) Faecalibacterium prausnitzii. β-Glucanase supplementation (0 vs. others) tended to increase (P = 0.096) the AID of crude protein in the diet, whereas increasing dietary β-glucanase tended to increase (linear; P = 0.097) the ATTD of gross energy in the diet and increased (linear; P < 0.05) the concentration of IL-6 in the plasma of pigs. In conclusion, increasing β-glucanase up to 600 U/kg feed in a diet containing xylanase (1,500 EPU/kg) modulated mucosa-associated microbiota by increasing the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria and reducing potentially harmful bacteria. Furthermore, increasing β-glucanase up to 600 U/kg feed in a diet containing xylanase (1,500 EPU/kg feed) enhanced the status of the intestinal environment and nutrient utilization, as well as reduced systemic inflammation of pigs, collectively resulting in moderate improvement of growth performance. Supplementing β-glucanase at a range of 312 to 410 U/kg with xylanase at 1,500 EPU/kg feed showed the most benefit on jejunal mucosa-associated microbiota and reduced systemic inflammation of pigs. 相似文献
14.
Ileal amino acid digestibility and performance of growing pigs fed wheat-based diets supplemented with xylanase 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
Barrera M Cervantes M Sauer WC Araiza AB Torrentera N Cervantes M 《Journal of animal science》2004,82(7):1997-2003
Two experiments were conducted to determine the effect of supplementation of xylanase to a wheat-based diet on the apparent ileal digestibility (AID) of AA and the performance of growing pigs fed diets limiting in AA. In Exp. 1, eight pigs (average initial BW = 20.5+/-1.2 kg) fitted with a simple T-cannula at the distal ileum, were fed four diets according to a repeated 4 x 4 Latin square design. Diet 1 was a basal diet that contained 97.6% wheat. Diets 2, 3, and 4 were the basal diet supplemented with xylanase at rates of 5,500, 11,000, and 16,500 units of xylanase activity (XU), respectively (as-fed basis). There were linear and quadratic effects (0.062 < P < 0.001) of xylanase supplementation on the AID of CP and most of the AA. The largest increases in AID of CP and AA were obtained when xylanase was supplemented at a rate of 11,000 XU; no further increases were observed with xylanase supplementation at a rate of 16,500 XU. In Exp. 2, 30 pigs (average initial BW 21.4+/-1.8 kg) were randomly allotted to six dietary treatments. Diets 1 to 4 were similar to those used in Exp. 1. Diet 5 was the same as Diet 1, but supplemented with 0.53% lysine, 0.12% threonine, and 0.05% methionine. Diet 6 (positive control diet) was a wheat-soybean meal diet that contained 18.2% CP (as-fed basis). The total contents of lysine, threonine, and methionine were similar for Diets 5 and 6. There was a linear effect of xylanase supplementation on ADG (P = 0.093) and feed:gain ratio (P = 0.089), and a quadratic effect on ADG (P = 0.067) and feed:gain ratio (P = 0.074). But, the greatest response was obtained with the supplementation of 11,000 XU. The supplementation of lysine, threonine, and methionine to Diet 1 increased (P = 0.001) ADG and ADFI and improved (P = 0.01) feed:gain ratio. There was no difference (P = 0.508) in the performance of pigs fed the AA-supplemented or control diet. In conclusion, the supplementation of xylanase to a diet in which wheat provided the sole source of protein and energy improved the AID of AA, ADG, and feed:gain ratio; however, this improvement was very small compared with that obtained with the supplementation of synthetic amino acids. 相似文献
15.
本试验旨在研究多营养源饲粮对生长育肥猪生长性能、养分表观消化率及肉品质的影响,探索使用非常规饲料原料配制饲粮的可能性。试验选取日龄相近、体重在(41.06±1.43)kg的"杜长大"生长猪48头,随机分配到2个组,分别饲喂玉米-豆粕型基础饲粮(对照组)和多营养源饲粮(试验组),每组12个重复,每个重复2头猪。生长阶段试验期为42 d,育肥阶段待猪体重达120 kg时,每个组选择5头猪进行屠宰并测定肉品质。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,试验组试验猪平均日采食量提高了7.76%(P0.05),平均日增重、料重比和能量摄入量均无显著差异(P0.05);2)与对照组相比,试验组钙、磷、能量、粗蛋白质、粗灰分和干物质的表观消化率显著降低(P0.05),粗脂肪的表观消化率无显著差异(P0.05);3)与对照组相比,饲喂多营养源饲粮显著提高了试验猪血清谷丙转氨酶的活性(P0.05),但对其余血清生化指标均无显著影响(P0.05);4)与对照组相比,饲喂多营养源饲粮对猪肉品质及背最长肌肌内脂肪和蛋白质含量无显著影响(P0.05)。由此可知:在本试验条件下,饲喂以非常规饲料原料为主的多营养源饲粮降低了生长育肥猪营养物质表观消化率,但对其生长性能和肉品质无负面影响。 相似文献
16.
本试验旨在研究酿酒酵母和芽孢杆菌对育肥猪养分表观消化率、肠道形态结构和肠道免疫的影响。选取72头体重(62.50±0.83)kg的"杜×长×大"育肥猪,将其随机分为3组,每组4个重复,每个重复6头猪(公母各占1/2)。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,酿酒酵母组饲喂基础饲粮+0.5 g/kg活性干酵母制剂(酵母菌活菌数1.0×1010CFU/kg),芽孢杆菌组饲喂基础饲粮+0.1 g/kg芽孢杆菌制剂(芽孢杆菌活菌数1.0×109CFU/kg)。试验期56 d。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,芽孢杆菌组育肥猪钙和磷的表观消化率显著提高(P0.05),酿酒酵母组钙的表观消化率显著提高(P0.05);2)与对照组相比,酿酒酵母组育肥猪空肠隐窝深度极显著降低(P0.01),空肠绒毛高度/隐窝深度值极显著提高(P0.01);3)与对照组相比,芽孢杆菌组育肥猪空肠和回肠分泌型免疫球蛋白A(SIg A)含量均极显著上升(P0.01)。由此可见,饲粮中添加酿酒酵母和芽孢杆菌均可改善育肥猪对营养物质的消化吸收,其中酿酒酵母对育肥猪肠道形态结构具有一定的改善作用,而芽孢杆菌可提高肠道中的SIg A含量,提高肠道免疫水平。 相似文献
17.
小麦可溶性非淀粉多糖对肉仔鸡小肠粘膜二糖酶活性的影响 总被引：17，自引：0，他引：17
在体内、外研究了小麦可溶性非淀粉多糖(SNSP)对肉仔鸡小肠粘膜二糖酶活性的影响。取1日龄黄羽肉鸡105羽,随机分为3组,饲喂由玉米—豆粕、小麦—豆粕和玉米—豆粕加小麦SNSP提取物组成的3种日粮 ,分别于1、4、7、10、14、18和21日龄宰杀 ,取小肠粘膜 ,测定5种粘膜二糖酶的活性。体内试验结果表明 ,与玉米—豆粕日粮相比 ,小麦—豆粕日粮对肉仔鸡小肠粘膜乳糖酶、麦芽糖酶和纤维二糖酶活性抑制作用显著 (P<0.05)。玉米—豆粕加小麦SNSP提取物日粮对肉仔鸡小肠粘膜麦芽糖酶活性抑制作用显著 (P<0.05)。体外试验结果表明 ,小麦木聚糖显著降低乳糖酶、蔗糖酶、海藻糖酶和纤维二糖酶的活性 (P<0.05) ,极显著降低麦芽糖酶的活性 (P<0.01)。桦木木聚糖和小麦SNSP提取物分别显著降低蔗糖酶、海藻糖酶和纤维二糖酶的活性 (P<0.05) ,极显著降低麦芽糖酶的活性 (P<0.01)。研究结果表明 ,小麦SNSP无论在体内或在体外 ,均可抑制肉仔鸡小肠粘膜二糖酶活性。抑制小肠粘膜二糖酶活性是小麦SNSP抗营养作用的重要机制之一。 相似文献
18.
Zhu Zeng Yalin Zhang Jun He Jie Yu Xiangbing Mao Ping Zheng Yuheng Luo Junqiu Luo Zhiqing Huang Bing Yu Daiwen Chen 《动物营养（英文）》2021,7(2):393
There are appreciable does of raffinose in soybean, but the impacts of raffinose on pigs are poorly investigated. We used 2 experiments to investigate the influence of soybean raffinose on growth performance, digestibility, humoral immunity and intestinal morphology of growing pigs. In Exp. 1, a total of 30 crossbred (Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire) barrows (21.93 ± 0.43 kg) were randomly divided into 3 groups, and were fed with the control diet, the control diets supplemented with 0.2% and 0.5% raffinose, respectively, for 21 d. Results showed that the addition of 0.2% or 0.5% raffinose reduced (P < 0.05) average daily feed intake (ADFI), average daily gain (ADG) and nutrient digestibility, and dietary 0.5% raffinose increased the ratio of feed to gain (P < 0.05). For serum indexes, dietary 0.5% raffinose decreased growth hormone and increased glucagon-like peptide-2, immunoglobulin G, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 concentration (P < 0.05). In Exp. 2, a total of 24 crossbred barrows (38.41 ± 0.45 kg) were randomly divided into 3 groups, and were fed with the control diet (ad libitum), the raffinose diet (0.5% raffinose, ad libitum), and the control diet in the same amount as the raffinose group (feed-pair group) for 14 d, respectively. Compared with the control diet, dietary 0.5% raffinose decreased ADFI (P < 0.05). Intriguingly, the raffinose group had lower ADG than the feed-pair group, lower nutrient digestibility, lower amylase activity in duodenum, lower amylase, lipase and trypsin activities in jejunum and higher TNF-α concentration in serum compared with the other 2 groups, and a higher ratio of villus height to crypt depth compared with the control group (P < 0.05). These results showed that soybean raffinose could reduce feed voluntary intake and body gain while improving intestinal morphology without a significant negative influence on immunity. Taken together, dietary raffinose could decrease growth performance by reducing both feed intake and nutrient digestibility while inducing humoral immune response of growing pigs. 相似文献
19.
Four nursery experiments were conducted using a methionine (Met)-deficient feather meal-corn-soybean meal-dried whey basal diet (20% CP; 3,250 kcal of ME/kg, .11% choline, .19% Met, 1.00% cystine) supplemented with lysine, tryptophan, and histidine to determine the Met requirement of 5- to 10- and 10- to 20-kg pigs. Based on a true Met digestibility value of 81.6% estimated by a pig ileal digestibility assay, the Met-deficient basal diet contained .155% of digestible Met. A preliminary experiment (Exp. 1) indicated that pigs fed the Met-deficient basal diet when fortified adequately with Met could produce weight gains similar to those of pigs fed a 20% CP practical corn-soybean meal-dried whey diet. In Exp. 2 and 3, crossbred pigs weighing 5.8 kg initially were fed diets containing graded levels of digestible Met between .195 and .355%. Average daily gain increased quadratically (P less than .05) as the level of Met increased. When the data of Exp. 2 and 3 were examined together, the digestible Met requirement of 5- to 10-kg pigs was estimated to be .255% of the diet. In Exp. 4 and 5, crossbred pigs averaging 10 kg were fed digestible Met concentrations ranging from .155 to .315%. Average daily gain increased quadratically (P less than .05). The digestible Met requirement of 10- to 20-kg pigs was estimated at .255% for maximal weight gain, which was similar to that of 5- to 10-kg pigs. Assuming an 89% digestibility of Met in practical corn-soybean meal diets, the total Met level needed in practice would be .29%.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) 相似文献
20.
Effects of xylanase supplementation on growth performance,nutrient digestibility,blood parameters,fecal microbiota,fecal score and fecal noxious gas emission of weaning pigs fed corn‐soybean meal‐based diet 
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下载免费PDF全文 This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of xylanase supplementation on nutrient digestibility, growth performance, blood parameters, fecal microflora shedding, fecal score and fecal noxious gas emission of weaning pigs fed corn‐soybean meal based diet. A total of 150 weaning pigs with an average initial body weight (BW) of 7.85 ± 0.93 kg were randomly allocated to three treatments based on BW and sex (10 replicate pens with five pigs, two gilts and three barrows) were used in this 42‐day trial. Dietary treatments were: (1) CON, basal diet; (2) X1, basal diet +0.005% xylanase; (2) X2, basal diet +0.01% xylanase. The xylanase supplementation linearly increased (P < 0.05) average daily gain (ADG), and gain : feed ratio (G:F) from days 29 to 42 and the in overall period, dry matter, nitrogen and energy digestibility, and fecal Lactobacilli counts, and linearly decreased (P < 0.05) blood urea nitrogen (BUN) concentration, fecal NH3 and H2S emission. Additionally, at weeks 5 and 6, there was a linear decrease in fecal score with xylanase supplementation. In conclusion, dietary supplementation of xylanase improved growth performance, nutrient digestibility, shifted microbiota by increasing fecal Lactobacillus counts, decreased BUN concentration, fecal score, and fecal NH3 and H2S emission in weaning pigs. 相似文献