共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 596 毫秒
1.
为了研究饲粮中添加3种硒源(植物硒-富硒苜蓿、无机硒-亚硒酸钠和生物硒-酵母硒)对蛋鸡生产性能、粪便含硒量及饲料硒吸收率的影响。选取50周龄健康罗曼蛋鸡300羽,随机分成5组,饲喂基础饲粮,基础饲粮中添加15%普通苜蓿粉、1.60mg/kg亚硒酸钠、730mg/kg酵母硒和15%富硒苜蓿粉的试验饲粮,试验期为38d。结果表明:(1)基础日粮添加富硒苜蓿显著提高蛋鸡日产蛋量和产蛋率(P0.05),降低料蛋比(P0.05);添加酵母硒显著提高蛋鸡产蛋率(P0.05);(2)基础饲粮添加亚硒酸钠、酵母硒和富硒苜蓿均极显著提高蛋鸡粪硒含量(P0.01),却显著低于亚硒酸钠组(P0.05);(3)亚硒酸钠、酵母硒和富硒苜蓿3种硒源均极显著提高蛋鸡饲料硒吸收率(P0.01),富硒苜蓿组和酵母硒组蛋鸡饲料硒吸收率均显著高于亚硒酸钠组蛋鸡饲料硒吸收率(P0.05);在试验21d后,蛋鸡对无机硒的吸收能力趋于稳定,而蛋鸡对有机硒的吸收能力随试验周期延长而增加。由此可见,蛋鸡日粮添加富硒苜蓿,其生产性能略优于酵母硒,显著优于普通苜蓿和亚硒酸钠;且饲粮硒含量相同情况下,蛋鸡对富硒苜蓿硒的吸收能力显著高于亚硒酸钠硒,但略低于酵母硒。 相似文献
2.
本试验研究了饲粮中添加亚硒酸钠、酵母硒、蛋氨酸硒和纳米硒对产蛋鸡生产性能、鸡蛋品质、血浆抗氧化能力和鸡蛋硒含量的影响,旨在为产蛋鸡饲粮中硒的合理使用提供理论依据。选取18周龄健康、产蛋率相近的海兰灰产蛋鸡540只,随机分为5组,每组6个重复,每个重复18只。对照组饲喂不添加硒的基础饲粮(总硒含量0.08 mg/kg),其他4组添加0.30 mg/kg硒,分别来自亚硒酸钠、酵母硒、蛋氨酸硒和纳米硒(实测饲粮硒含量分别为0.37、0.38、0.34和0.41 mg/kg)。试验预试期1周,正试期8周。结果表明:1)不同硒源对产蛋鸡的生产性能和蛋品质均无显著影响(P0.05)。2)与对照组相比,饲粮中添加0.30 mg/kg 4种硒均显著提高了血浆谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性(P0.05)。试验4周末,纳米硒组GSH-Px活性最高;8周末,酵母硒组和纳米硒组GSH-Px活性较高。与对照组相比,饲粮中添加4种硒源均能够提高血浆总抗氧化能力(T-AOC),且纳米硒组在4和8周末均显著高于其他各组(P0.05)。4种硒源对血浆超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性和丙二醛(MDA)含量均无显著影响(P0.05)。3)与对照组相比,基础饲粮中添加4种硒源均可显著提高鸡蛋中硒含量(P0.05),其中酵母硒组显著高于其他3组(P0.05)。由此可见,基础饲粮中添加4种硒源对产蛋鸡生产性能和鸡蛋品质无显著影响;4种硒源均可显著提高血浆GSH-Px活性和T-AOC,且酵母硒和纳米硒效果更好;与亚硒酸钠、蛋氨酸硒和纳米硒相比,酵母硒在增加鸡蛋硒含量方面更加有效。 相似文献
3.
不同硒源及水平对肉鸡组织硒含量及抗氧化功能的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文旨在研究和比较不同硒源及水平对爱拔益加(AA)肉鸡生长性能、组织硒含量和抗氧化功能的影响,并探讨在生产中应用较低水平(0.20 mg/kg)有机硒替代较高水平(0.30 mg/kg)无机硒的可行性.选用1日龄AA肉仔鸡600只,随机分为5组,分别饲喂基础饲粮(对照组)及在基础饲粮中添加0.30 mg/kg硒(以亚硒酸钠形式)(SS组)、0.20 mg/kg硒(以酵母硒形式)(SY Ⅰ组)、0.30 mg/kg硒(以酵母硒形式)(SYⅡ组)和0.30 mg/kg混合硒(亚硒酸钠和酵母硒形式硒各0.15mg/kg)(MS组)的试验饲粮,每组6个重复,每个重复20只鸡.试验期42 d.结果表明:1)SYⅡ组肉鸡前期平均日采食量显著低于对照组(P＜0.05),饲粮添加各水平有机硒均显著降低了肉鸡全期平均日采食量(P ＜0.05或P＜0.01).2)与对照组和SS组相比,添加各水平有机硒均显著提高了肉鸡胸肌中的硒含量(P＜0.01),且以SYⅡ组最高,显著高于其他各组(P＜0.01);SY Ⅰ组和SYⅡ组肉鸡血浆中的硒含量显著高于对照组(P ＜0.05或P＜0.01);添加各水平有机硒均显著提高了42 d肉鸡肝脏中的硒含量(P ＜0.05或P＜0.01).3)在试验前期(1 ～21 d),较SS组,SYⅡ组肉鸡血浆谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)和总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)的活性均显著提高(P＜0.05);较对照组,SS组、SY Ⅰ组和SYⅡ组肉鸡肝脏T-SOD的活性均显著提高(P＜0.05或P＜0.01).在试验后期(22 ～42 d),较对照组,SS组、SY Ⅰ组和SYⅡ组肉鸡血浆和肝脏GSH-Px的活性均显著提高(P＜0.05或P＜0.01),各添加有机硒组肉鸡的血浆丙二醛含量均显著降低(P＜0.05或P＜0.01);与对照组相比,MS组肉鸡肝脏过氧化氢酶(P＜0.05)和GSH-Px的活性均显著提高(P＜0.01).由此可知,饲粮添加0.30 mg/kg酵母硒能够提高肉鸡组织硒沉积量,对其生长性能和抗氧化功能的改善效果最佳;饲粮添加0.20 mg/kg的酵母硒替代0.30 mg/kg亚硒酸钠,在改善肉鸡的生长性能、提高组织硒含量和抗氧化功能方面是可行的. 相似文献
4.
三种硒源对生长肥育猪组织硒沉积及抗氧化能力的影响 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
将纳米硒、酵母硒和亚硒酸钠3种硒源分别以0.3、0.5、0.8mg/kg3个硒水平添加到基础日粮中,配制成试验日粮,基础日粮作对照,研究三种硒源对生长肥育猪组织硒沉积和抗氧化能力的影响。结果显示:①三种硒源添加浓度在0.3～0.8mg/kg水平范围内肥育猪的生长性能差异不显著(P>0.05),但酵母硒和纳米硒的添加能够较大幅度地提高日增重和降低料重比,有促进生长性能的趋势。②补加三种硒源的肥育猪,全血中GSH-Px的活性、SOD活性均极显著高于对照组;添加酵母硒和纳米硒组血清中MDA含量均显著或极显著低于对照组和亚硒酸钠组,但亚硒酸钠组和对照组差异不显著(P>0.05),纳米硒以0.5mg/kg添加量的效果较好。③3个补硒组的肝脏、肾脏中硒含量均显著或极显著高于对照组,其中纳米硒组肝脏中硒含量极显著高于亚硒酸钠组(P<0.01),与酵母硒组差异不显著(P>0.05)。 相似文献
5.
6.
纳米硒对肉鸡组织硒含量和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性的影响 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
本试验采用2×6因子完全随机设计,研究了纳米硒和亚硒酸钠2种硒源对肉鸡组织硒含量和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性的影响。岭南黄公母混合雏780羽按饲养试验要求分为13组,每组4个重复,每个重复15羽。将纳米硒和亚硒酸钠2种硒源分别以0.1、0.2、0.3、0.4、0.5、1.0mg/kg6个硒水平添加到基础日粮中,配制成12种试验日粮,基础日粮作对照。结果显示:(1)亚硒酸钠添加浓度在0.2～0.4mg/kg硒添加水平范围内肉鸡生长性能和GSH-Px活性处于高峰平台,1.0mg/kg硒添加水平肉鸡生长性能和GSH-Px活性显著低于0.2～0.4mg/kg硒添加水平。纳米硒添加浓度在1.0mg/kg肉鸡生长性能和GSH-Px活性仍然保持在高峰平台。(2)硒源添加浓度在0.1～0.3mg/kg时,亚硒酸钠和纳米硒对肉鸡生长性能的影响无显著差异(P>0.05);硒源添加浓度在0.4～1.0mg/kg时,纳米硒组肉鸡生长性能显著高于亚硒酸钠组(P<0.05)。(3)硒源添加浓度在0.1～0.4mg/kg时,两种硒源对GSH-Px活性的影响无显著差异(P>0.05);在0.5和1.0mg/kg硒添加水平上,纳米硒组GSH-Px活性显著高于亚硒酸钠组(P<0.05)。(4)不加硒的空白组全血和组织硒含量显著低于硒添加组。在同一硒添加水平上,纳米硒组和亚硒酸钠组肉鸡全血硒浓度差异不显著,但是,组织硒含量却受硒源的影响。硒源添加 相似文献
7.
试验旨在研究饲粮中添加不同硒源及不同硒水平对仔猪血浆硒含量和血清抗氧化能力的影响。选用体重相近[(12.38±0.43)kg]、健康良好的杜长大三元杂交仔猪168头,随机分成7组,每组3个重复,每个重复8头仔猪。第7组为对照组,饲喂基础饲粮;其余6组均为试验组,即分别以0.30、0.50、0.80 mg/kg 3个硒水平添加到基础饲粮中,并配成6种试验饲粮,试验期40 d。试验结果显示:不同硒源及添加水平间,仔猪血浆硒含量均高于对照组,但纳米硒在0.30、0.50 mg/kg水平时,血浆硒含量均显著高于对照组和亚硒酸钠组(P<0.05);纳米硒在0.50 mg/kg水平时,血清GSH-Px活性、T-AOC显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。同一硒源组添加不同硒水平对仔猪血清中SOD活性、MDA含量差异均不显著(P>0.05),但纳米硒组不同硒水平,仔猪血清SOD活性显著高于对照组(P<0.05),血清MDA含量低于对照组和亚硒酸钠组(P<0.05)。试验说明饲粮中添加纳米硒能显著提高仔猪血清抗氧化能力,并有提高血浆硒含量的趋势。 相似文献
8.
9.
不同硒源和硒水平对鸡抗氧化能力的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为了探讨不同硒源和硒水平对良凤花鸡的影响。选用340只1日龄良凤花雏鸡,试验采用2种硒源、3个添加水平按2因素完全随机法分组,每个处理组4个重复。两种硒源分别为亚硒酸钠(Na2SeO)3、蛋氨酸硒(Se-Met)。硒水平为基础日粮、基础日粮+0.15 mg/kg水平的硒、基础日粮+0.30 mg/kg水平的硒。在31日龄和56日龄时,每处理选体重相近的肉鸡6羽,共30羽采血测定血清抗氧化指标。结果表明:两种硒源对各种抗氧化指标的影响差异不显著。试验前期,添加硒水平组的GSH-Px和SOD的活力均极显著高于对照组(P<0.01),T-AOC显著高于对照组(P<0.05),MDA低于对照组,但差异不显著(P>0.05);试验后期,低硒水平组血清GSH-Px酶活性显著高于高硒水平组(P<0.05);对照组的MDA显著高于高硒水平组(P<0.05),T-AOC显著低于高硒水平组(P<0.05)。在日粮中添加0.15 mg/kg的蛋氨酸硒或亚硒酸钠能有效提高肉鸡的抗氧化能力。 相似文献
10.
本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加植物硒———富硒苜蓿、无机硒———亚硒酸钠和生物硒———酵母硒3种硒源对蛋鸡生产性能、蛋硒含量及转化率的影响。选取50周龄健康罗曼蛋鸡300羽,随机分成5组,每组4个重复,每个重复15羽。试验1组为对照组,饲喂基础饲粮,试验2组饲喂在基础饲粮中添加15%普通苜蓿粉的试验饲粮,试验3、4组饲喂在试验2组饲粮中分别添加1.60 mg/kg亚硒酸钠和730 mg/kg酵母硒的试验饲粮,试验5组饲喂在基础饲粮中添加15%富硒苜蓿粉的试验饲粮,试验期为38 d。结果表明:1)基础饲粮中添加富硒苜蓿能显著提高蛋鸡产蛋率和日产蛋量(P<0.05),显著降低料蛋比(P<0.05);添加酵母硒可显著提高产蛋率(P<0.05),而添加普通苜蓿、亚硒酸钠和酵母硒对日产蛋量和料蛋比均无显著影响(P>0.05)。2)基础饲粮中添加亚硒酸钠、酵母硒和富硒苜蓿均可极显著提高蛋硒含量(P<0.01),其中富硒苜蓿组蛋硒含量极显著高于添加亚硒酸钠组(P<0.01),却极显著低于酵母硒组(P<0.01);各组蛋硒含量随试验期的延长而增加,3种硒源组蛋硒转化率大小顺序为:酵母硒>富硒苜蓿>亚硒酸钠,均极显著低于对照组(P<0.01)。由此可知,蛋鸡饲粮中添加富硒苜蓿,其生产性能略优于添加酵母硒,明显优于添加普通苜蓿和亚硒酸钠;蛋鸡的蛋硒含量极显著高于亚硒酸钠,但极显著低于酵母硒,3种硒源蛋硒转化率大小顺序为:酵母硒>富硒苜蓿>亚硒酸钠。 相似文献
11.
S Hassan 《Acta veterinaria Scandinavica》1986,27(4):461-478
Groups af White Leghorn chicks obtained from dams deprived on selenium (Se), were fed from hatching a low-Se-vitamin E basal diet alone, or supplemented with 0.02, 0.04, 0.06 or 0.08 mg Se/kg diet, as sodium selenite (Na2SeO3 · 5H2O), wheat, barley or fish meal. Prevention of the Se-vitamin E deficiency responsive disease exudative diathesis (ED) as it was clinical observed, induction of the plasma Se dependent enzyme glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity, and Se concentration in the cardiac muscle were observed to be dietary Se level and source dependent. Slope ratio assay was applied to estimate the biological availability of Se in the natural sources relative to Se in sodium selenite. For the prevention of ED, the bioavailability of Se in wheat, barley and fish meal was 99, 85 and 80 %, respectively. The increase in the plasma GSH-Px activity revealed a bioavailability for Se in wheat, barley and fish meal of 79, 71 and 66 %, respectively. Using retention of Se in the cardiac muscle as the bioassay, a bioavailability of 108, 87 and 100 % was calculated for wheat, barley and fish meal Se, respectively. 相似文献
12.
为探索壳聚糖硒对蛋雏鸡生长、组织硒含量及血清肝酶活性的影响,选取135只1日龄SPF蛋雏鸡,随机分为3组:一组为对照组,饲喂基础日粮;二组和三组在基础日粮中分别添加硒水平为0.15 mg/kg的亚硒酸钠和壳聚糖硒。结果显示:14日龄时亚硒酸钠组和壳聚糖硒组的耗料量、血清碱性磷酸酶(AKP)活性和胸肌、心肌、肾脏、全血的硒含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05),壳聚糖硒组心肌和肝脏的硒含量显著高于亚硒酸钠组(P<0.05);28日龄时壳聚糖硒组与亚硒酸钠组的体重、血清AKP活性和肝脏、肾脏、胸肌、心肌、全血的硒含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05),壳聚糖硒组的耗料量和肾脏、心肌、全血的硒含量显著高于亚硒酸钠组(P<0.05)。研究表明:壳聚糖硒能促进鸡的生长和硒的沉积,提高血清AKP活性,且效果优于亚硒酸钠。 相似文献
13.
Day-old White Leghorn chicks deficient in selenium (Se) were fed a low Se basal diet (containing adequate level of vitamin E) for 2 weeks depletion period before they were given the experimental diets containing different levels of Se for 4 weeks. Dietary treatments contained 0.03, 0.06, 0.09 or 0.12 mg Se/kg as sodium selenite, barley, oats, meat meal or their extracted counterparts. Plasma GSH-Px activity was observed at weekly intervals, while the Se concentration of plasma and liver were determined at the end of the study. The biological availability of Se in the test ingredients was measured by the induction of plasma GSH-Px activity. In comparison to sodium selenite (100 %) it was: 77 % for barley, 80 % for extracted barley, 37 % for oats, 62 % for extracted oats, 20 % for meat meal, and 26 % for extracted meat meal. Using the retention of Se in plasma as a criterion, the following biological availability of Se was observed: barley 151 %; extracted barley 102 %; oats 90 %; extracted oats 107 %; meat meal 40 %; and extracted meat meal 47 %. Similarly, the efficiency of the test ingredients in increasing the Se concentration in liver was: barley 82 %; extracted barley 90 %; oats 67 %; extracted oats 98 %; meat meal 26 %; and extracted meat meal 31 %. The greater biopotency of the natural Se sources for increasing the Se concentration of the chick tissues than for inducing the plasma GSH-Px activity in comparison to sodium selenite, indicated that proportionally less amounts of the Se retained in the chick plasma from the natural sources were incorporated into the metabolic active form of Se, i.e., GSH-Px. Therefore, the plasma GSH-Px activity was suggested as the more reliable criterion to be used for the evaluation of the bioavailability of Se. 相似文献
14.
Selenium and glutathione peroxidase levels in lambs receiving feed supplemented with sodium selenite or selenomethionine 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Twenty-one 6 months old female lambs were divided into 7 groups and fed a basal diet containing 0.13 mg Se/kg. The basal diet was further supplemented with 0, 0.1, 0.5 or 1.0 mg Se/kg either as sodium selenite or as selenomethionine, and was fed for 10 weeks. Both feed additives produced an increase in the selenium concentration in the tissues analysed. Significant correlations were found between the concentrations of selenomethionine or sodium selenite added to the feed and the subsequent tissue levels. However, the selenium levels seemed to plateau at approximately 0.5 mg Se/kg of supplemented sodium selenite. The total glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity of the tissues increased when the selenium supplementation increased from 0 to 0.1 mg/kg for both selenium compounds. With further increase in selenium supplementation the GSH-Px activity in the tissues plateaued except in the blood where the activity continued to rise with increasing selenomethionine supplementation. The selenium dependent GSH-Px activity in the liver rose with increasing selenomethionine supplementation, but approached a plateau when 0.1 mg Se/kg as sodium selenite was added to the feed. The selenium concentration in whole blood responded more rapidly to the selenium supplementation than did GSH-Px activity. The experiment indicates that the optimal selenium concentration in the feed is considerably higher than 0.1 mg Se/kg, and that selenium levels of 1.0 mg/kg in the feed do not result in any risk for the animals or the consumers of the products.Key words: dietary selenium, lambs, selenium concentrations, glutathione peroxidase activities, tissues 相似文献
15.
This research evaluated the efficacy of inorganic and organic Se sources for growing-finishing pigs, as measured by performance and various tissue, serum, carcass, and loin quality traits. A total of 351 crossbred pigs were allotted at an average BW of 20.4 kg to six replicates of a 2x4 factorial experiment in a randomized complete block design. Pigs were fed diets containing Se-enriched yeast (organic) or sodium selenite (inorganic), each at .05, .10, .20, or .30 mg Se/kg diet. A non-Se-fortified basal diet was a ninth treatment group. Five pigs per pen were bled initially and at 30-d intervals with serum analyzed for Se and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity. At 55 kg BW, one pig per pen from each of three replicates was killed, and tissues were collected for Se analysis. At 105 kg BW, the remaining pigs in the three replicates were killed, carcass measurements were collected, tissues were analyzed for Se, and loin quality was evaluated for pH, drip loss, and lightness. No performance or carcass measurement benefit resulted from either Se source or dietary Se levels. Pigs had a lower serum Se concentration and GSH-Px activity when the basal diet was fed, but both increased as dietary Se level increased (P<.01). Serum GSH-Px activities were increased by pig age and reached a plateau when the diet contained approximately .10 mg Se/kg (P<.01) at d 30, and 60 of the trial, and at .05 mg Se/kg diet at d 90 of the trial. The organic Se group fed .05 and .10 mg Se/kg had serum GSH-Px activities that tended to be lower than those of pigs fed the inorganic Se source, but GSH-Px activities in both groups were similar at higher Se levels. Tissue Se contents increased linearly as the dietary Se level increased, but the increase was markedly higher when organic Se was fed, resulting in an interaction (P<.01) response. Loin drip loss, pH, and lightness were unaffected (P>.15) by organic Se source or level, but there was a trend for a higher drip loss (P = .11) and a linear (P<.01) increase in loin paleness when the inorganic Se level increased. These results indicate that neither Se source nor Se level had an effect on pig performance or carcass measurements, but organic Se source increased tissue Se concentrations. Inorganic Se may, however, have a detrimental effect on loin quality, as reflected by higher drip loss and a paler color. Using serum GSH-Px activity as the measurement criterion, the supplemental dietary Se requirement did not seem to exceed .10 and .05 mg Se/kg diet for the growing and finishing phases, respectively, when added to a basal diet containing .06 mg Se/kg. 相似文献
16.
大口黑鲈对饲料中酵母硒的耐受性研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本试验旨在通过研究酵母硒对大口黑鲈生长性能、血浆生化指标、组织抗氧化指标及肝脏组织结构的影响,评价大口黑鲈对饲料中酵母硒的耐受性。在基础饲料中分别添加0(Y0)、0.5(Y0.5)、2.5(Y2.5)、5.0 mg/kg(Y5.0)(以硒计)酵母硒,其中0.5 mg/kg是硒的最高推荐剂量,2.5和5.0 mg/kg分别是最高推荐剂量(0.5 mg/kg)的5和10倍。基础饲料本底硒含量为0.76 mg/kg。选用初始体重为(12.99±0.01)g大口黑鲈,随机分为4组,每组6个重复,每个重复20尾,试验期为10周。结果表明:Y0组增重率和摄食率最低,同时其饲料系数也最低,均显著低于其余各组(P0.05)。Y0组血浆中碱性磷酸酶活性显著高于其余各组(P0.05)。Y0.5组血浆中高密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量显著高于其余各组(P0.05)。Y2.5组血浆中尿素氮含量显著高于其余各组(P0.05)。Y2.5组、Y5.0组血浆中免疫球蛋白M含量显著高于Y0组、Y0.5组(P0.05)。与Y0组相比,酵母硒的添加显著降低了血浆中丙二醛的含量(P0.05),且显著提高了血浆中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶的活性(P0.05)。Y5.0组肝脏硒含量显著高于Y0组、Y 0.5组(P0.05),与Y2.5组无显著差异(P0.05)。硒日摄入量和肝脏硒含量呈显著线性相关(P0.05),肝脏硒含量随硒日摄入量的提高呈线性增加。各组大口黑鲈的肝脏都有不同程度的损伤,但添加0.5 mg/kg酵母硒对肝脏损伤有缓减作用。由上述结果可知,饲料中添加0.5 mg/kg酵母硒(总硒含量为1.29 mg/kg)对大口黑鲈具有一定的脂肪代谢促进作用和抗氧化保护功能,且对大口黑鲈是安全的。本试验条件下,综合生长性能、血浆生化指标、组织抗氧化指标及肝脏组织结构,饲料本底硒含量为0.76 mg/kg时,大口黑鲈对饲料中酵母硒的耐受剂量为0.5 mg/kg(以硒计),即为硒的最高推荐剂量,安全系数为1。鱼粉、磷虾粉等动物蛋白质源中含有较高水平的硒元素,因此在高鱼粉水产动物饲料中补充硒要慎重。 相似文献
17.
An experiment was conducted to estimate the relative bioavailability of inorganic Se sources based on tissue Se deposition following supplementation at high dietary levels. Twenty-eight crossbred wethers averaging 50 kg initial weight were assigned randomly to seven treatments that were fed for 10 d. The basal diet contained .18 mg/kg Se (DM basis). Dietary Se was added at 0, 3, 6 or 9 mg/kg as reagent grade sodium selenite (Na2SeO3) and 6 mg/kg from either calcium selenite (CaSeO3), Na2SeO3 + fumed amorphous carrier or sodium selenate (Na2SeO4). There were four sheep per treatment group, housed in individual, raised pens with slatted floors. Daily feed intake was restricted to 1,200 g and tap water was available ad libitum. The basal diet was fed for a 10-d adjustment period, then sheep were fed experimental diets for 10 d. At the termination of the experiment, blood samples were taken; sheep were stunned and killed, and livers and kidneys were removed and frozen for Se analysis. There was a linear (P less than .001) uptake of Se in liver, kidney and serum. The CaSeO3 and Na2SeO4 sources resulted in greater (P less than .05) Se concentrations in liver and kidney than did Na2SeO3, but these differences were not significant when the analyzed dietary Se concentrations were used as a covariate in the statistical model. Based on linear and multiple linear regression slopes and average increases in serum, liver and kidney Se concentrations, estimated relative bioavailability values corrected for analyzed dietary concentration, were 100, 101, 90 and 133 for Na2SeO3, CaSeO3, Na2SeO3 + carrier and Na2SeO4, respectively. 相似文献
18.
Effect of organic and inorganic selenium sources and levels on sow colostrum and milk selenium content 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
Mahan DC 《Journal of animal science》2000,78(1):100-105
A study was conducted to evaluate the short-term effects of feeding two dietary Se sources at various Se levels on the transfer of Se to the dam's milk and nursing pig. Six dietary treatments were arranged in a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement with two additional treatments in a randomized complete block designed experiment. Inorganic (sodium selenite) or organic (Se-enriched yeast) Se sources were added to the diet at .15 or .30 ppm Se. A non-Se-fortified corn-soybean meal basal diet served as a negative control, and a sixth group was fed .15 ppm Se from both inorganic and organic Se sources. A total of 43 sows were fed their treatment diets at 2.2 kg/d from 6 d prepartum to parturition and at full feed through a 14-d lactation period. Ten sows were initially bled at 6 d prepartum, and three sows and three pigs from their litters were bled at 7 and 14 d postpartum. Serum was analyzed for its Se concentration and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity. Colostrum was collected within 12 h postpartum and milk at 7 and 14 d of lactation. When the basal diet was fed, sow serum GSH-Px activity declined from 6 d prepartum and remained low throughout lactation. When dietary Se levels increased, sow serum Se concentration and serum GSH-Px activity increased (P < .05) at both 7 and 14 d postpartum. The short-term feeding of either Se source at .15 or .30 ppm Se did not affect colostrum Se content when inorganic Se was fed, but it was increased when organic Se was provided. This resulted in a significant Se source x Se level interaction (P < .01). Milk Se at 7 and 14 d postpartum was 2.5 to 3 times higher when the organic Se source was provided and resulted in a significant Se source x Se level interaction (P < .05). When the combination of inorganic and organic Se was fed at .15 ppm Se, colostrum and milk Se contents were similar to those of sows fed .15 ppm Se from the organic Se source. Pig serum GSH-Px activity was not affected at 7 and 14 d of age by dietary Se level or Se source fed to the sow, but serum Se increased (P < .05) as dietary Se level increased, particularly when sows had been fed organic Se. The results demonstrated that organic Se increased milk Se content more than did inorganic Se and increased the nursing pig's serum Se. These results indicate that inorganic Se was more biologically available for sow serum GSH-Px activity, but organic Se was more effectively incorporated into milk. 相似文献
19.
S. A. Rider S. J. Davies A. N. Jha R. Clough J. W. Sweetman 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2010,94(1):99-110
The bioavailability of trace elements in fishmeal diets is influenced by their chemical forms and dietary anti‐nutritional factors. In formulated fish feed, supplemented organically bound minerals may be more bioavailable than inorganic minerals. A 10‐week feeding trial was undertaken with rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) to determine whether the inclusion of organically bound selenium (Se) and zinc (Zn) improved uptake and assimilation of these elements compared to commonly used inorganic forms. The three diets tested included a control diet, no added Zn or Se; an organic Se‐yeast and Zn‐proteinate supplemented diet; and an inorganic sodium selenite and Zn‐sulphate supplemented diet. The endpoints tested were apparent digestibility, whole body levels, tissue distribution and Se‐ and Zn‐dependent enzyme activities. Digestibility of residual Se in the basal diet was 54.2 ± 1.0% and supplemented Se‐yeast was significantly more digestible than selenite (p < 0.05). Digestibility of residual Zn was 21.9 ± 2.0% and no significant difference was found between the treatments (p = 0.89). Whole body Se was raised by both Se sources and to a greatest extent by Se‐yeast (p < 0.001). Zn‐sulphate, and to a lesser extent Zn‐proteinate, both raised whole body Zn (p < 0.05). Dietary Zn in the basal diet was found to be above requirements, yet Zn‐sulphate had a significantly greater retention than Zn‐proteinate in those tissues that responded to Zn supplementation. Se‐yeast significantly raised Se in all tissues to a greater extent than selenite, except in the pyloric caeca and liver where the greatest increases were by selenite. Only Se‐yeast elevated Se‐dependent thioredoxin reductase activity (p < 0.05) and neither forms of Se affected glutathione peroxidise activity (p = 0.059). Alkaline phosphatase and carboxypeptidase B were not affected by Zn supplementation (p = 0.51 and p = 0.88 respectively). In all aspects, Se‐yeast was found to be a highly bioavailable form of Se in comparison to selenite. Because of its superior bioavailability, organically bound Se would be a preferred Se source for supplementation of fishmeal trout diets than selenite. 相似文献