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1.
An epidemiological study with the objective to assess the prevalence of paramphistomosis in association with season, age, sex and breed was carried out in naturally infected sheep over a period of two years from February 2005 to January 2007. Gastrointestinal tract (GIT) and faecal examination were conducted monthly to monitor the seasonal occurrence of paramphistomosis. 793 sheep were examined in the first year, out of which 7.06% were positive for Paramphistomum infection. In the second year, 740 animals were investigated and 7.7% were infected. The overall prevalence of paramphistomosis was 7.3% with a mean of 56.50 ± 0.50 and 95% confidence interval (CI) (lower bound: 50.1469; upper bound: 62.8531). The prevalence of paramphistomosis through GIT examination (P = 0.593) was 7.6% at 95% CI (lower bound: −19.1186; upper bound: 57.1186) and the prevalence through faecal examination (P = 0.884) was 7.2% at 95% CI (lower bound: 5.7345; upper bound: 69.2655). Generally, season and age were the factors found to have a significant influence on the risk of paramphistomosis in sheep. The highest infection was found in the summer season (P < 0.005); lower age groups (P < 0.005) in males and in migratory (Bhakarwal) breed (P ≥ 0.005). Winter, adult animals, females and local breed reported low infection. The present study will be of great significance to understand the epidemiology of gastrointestinal helminthes of sheep initially in the resource poor communities of Himalayan region and will definitely be helpful to devise appropriate control strategies for paramphistomosis.  相似文献   

2.
Twenty-eight farms in 7 shires in south western Victoria were selected and tested for presence of benzimidazole-resistant nematodes between November 1979 and June 1981. Mean faecal egg counts of sheep were less than 100 strongyloid eggs/g on 11 farms. Faecal egg count reduction tests were conducted on the remaining 17 farms and thiabendazole was less than 90% efficient in reducing egg counts in sheep from 5 (29%) of these farms. Thiabendazole-resistant Teladorsagia circumcincta were identified at necropsy of experimentally infected treated sheep. In further studies a survey of 104 farms was conducted in the Mount Rouse and Dundas shires of western Victoria in 1981 and 1982 respectively to determine the prevalence of anthelmintic resistance in these shires. Mean faecal egg counts among weaner sheep in the winter-spring of both years were less than 100 eggs/g which indicated low levels of parasitic nematode populations. A faecal egg count reduction test was conducted on 10 farms and thiabendazole was less than 90% efficient on 3; levamisole was greater than 90% efficient in all 10 tests. Most of the surveyed farms carried Merino or Merino crossbred sheep at 10 to 15 dry sheep equivalents per ha and weaners were treated with anthelmintics 3 to 6 times per year. Management procedures based mainly on anthelmintic therapy were effective in controlling nematode populations in weaner sheep, although many producers alternated between different groups of anthelmintics within the same year contrary to current recommendations for long-term preservation of anthelmintic efficacy. It was concluded that anthelmintic resistance was not of practical importance to the majority of sheep producers in the region.  相似文献   

3.
A cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2008 to February 2009 to investigate the prevalence and intensity of infection and risk factors of gastrointestinal (GI) nematodes in small ruminants kept under the traditional husbandry system in two districts in southern Ethiopia. Faecal samples collected from a total of 510 small ruminants (284 sheep and 226 goats) and analysed by a modified McMaster technique revealed that 222 animals (43.5%) were found to be infected with one or more GI nematodes. Five identical genera of nematodes were found in both sheep and goats, which in order of predominance were Haemonchus (56.3%), Trichostrongylus (39.6%), Oesophagostomum (22.9%), Trichuris (21.6%) and Bunostomum (10.4%). No significant (p > 0.05) differences were observed between sheep and goats proportions except for Trichuris (p < 0.05). In both sheep and goats, most of the animals were heavily infected showing faecal egg counts (FECs) above 1,200 epg. Sheep had a significantly (p < 0.05) higher mean FEC than goats. In sheep and goats, both the prevalence of GI nematodes and mean FEC were significantly (p < 0.001) associated with body condition score and faecal consistency but not with district, sex and age (p > 0.05 for each factor). In conclusion, the observation of a strong association of GI nematodes with poor body condition coupled with heavy intensity of infection in the majority of infected animals and an abundance of nematode genera of widespread economic and pathological significance warrants the institution of appropriate control measures that should necessarily include improvement of the nutritional status of the animals.  相似文献   

4.
Helminths cause great economic loss in livestock in Africa, and can be categorized as either direct or indirect losses. Arid and semi-arid lands (ASAL) in Kenya comprise 71% of total land area and harbour the largest population of cattle, sheep and goats. However, little information on the distribution and impact of gastro-intestinal (GIT) parasitism in these animals is available. This survey was conducted to establish the prevalence of GIT parasites infecting calves, sheep and goats and their relative importance in Magadi division, which is semi-arid. Faecal samples were obtained directly from the rectum of 109 calves, 133 goats and 20 sheep and submitted to the laboratory for faecal worm egg counts, and coccidial oocysts examination using a modified McMaster method. The significance of differences in mean egg count per gram (epg) between animal species and herds (farms) were assessed using analysis of variance. The overall prevalence of nematodes in the calves, sheep and goats was 69.2%, 80% and 82%, respectively. About 10% of sheep and goats had epgs higher than 1 000, the remainder having light to moderate infections. The overall prevalence of coccidial oocysts in calves, sheep and goats was 30%, 44% and 45%, respectively. Poor productivity in ASAL areas, where nutrition is often poor, is likely to be pronounced in the presence of parasite infections. These findings indicate that viable internal parasite control should be implemented in the study area in order to increase the productivity of the livestock there.  相似文献   

5.
A study was conducted to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of doramectin administered intramuscularly at a dose rate of 200 microg/kg to sheep harbouring naturally acquired infections of gastrointestinal nematodes and Oestrus ovis in the southwestern region of France. On day 0, 24 sheep were selected on the basis of positive faecal egg counts (>100 EPG) and positive assessment of O. ovis infection (including positive O. ovis antibody level and positive clinical score). The sheep were randomly allocated to a non-medicated control group (T1) or a doramectin-treated group (T2) of 12 animals each. On day 0, sheep in group T2 received a single intramuscular injection of doramectin (200 microg/kg), whereas those in group T1 received an intramuscular injection of saline solution (sodium chloride, 0.02ml/kg). Individual faecal egg counts were performed on days 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 14. Between days 14 and 16, all sheep were slaughtered, and worm and O. ovis burdens were determined. In doramectin-treated sheep, faecal egg counts had decreased to zero by day 4 for all recovered types of nematode eggs: strongyles, Nematodirus sp., Trichuris sp., and Rhabditidae sp. For strongyles, Nematodirus sp., and Rhabditidae, the percentage reductions in faecal egg counts (geometric means) of doramectin-treated sheep, compared to the non-medicated control sheep were 100% from days 4-7. For Trichuris sp., they were 100, 99.7, 99.9, and 100% on days 4, 5, 6, and 7, respectively. On day 14, percentage reductions were 100% for Nematodirus sp. and Rhabditidae, and 99.8 and 99.1% for strongyles and Trichuris sp., respectively. At necropsy, only adult nematodes and mainly first-stage O. ovis larvae were recovered. Doramectin was highly efficacious against the adult stages of Teladorsagia circumcincta (100%), Nematodirus battus (100%), Nematodirus filicollis (99.9%), Oesophagostomum venulosum (99.8%), and Trichuris sp. (99.3%). It was also 100% efficacious against first-stage larvae of O. ovis. No abnormal clinical signs or adverse reactions in any of the sheep treated with doramectin were observed.  相似文献   

6.
Coprological examination was used to determine prevalence of gastrointestinal helminthes in a sample of 231 dogs (117 females and 114 males) during the summer of 2009 at a veterinary clinic in south central West Virginia, USA. Clinical signs (e.g., diarrhea, vomiting, weight gain or loss) were noted in addition to a history of anthelmintic usage. A total of 79 dogs (33.6%) were infected with one or more intestinal nematodes. Most dogs (58) were parasitized with a single species, 19 were parasitized with 2 species, and 2 were parasitized by 3 species. There was no significant difference (i.e., X(2)<3.84; P>0.05) in prevalence of infection between female and male dogs for any of the identified nematode species. The chi-square test for equality of proportions was used to determine prevalence of infection in 3 age categories of dogs (females and males combined): young dogs (≤12 months of age); mature dogs (13-83 months); and old dogs >83 months. Prevalences of infection for Ancylostoma caninum and Toxocara canis were significantly (P<0.005) higher in young dogs, whereas there was no significant difference (P>0.05) in prevalence by age category for Trichuris vulpis. Dogs exhibiting clinical signs were no more likely to harbor intestinal nematodes than dogs that were asymptomatic. Additionally, dogs receiving heartworm treatment were significantly less likely to be parasitized than dogs receiving no heartworm prophylaxis.  相似文献   

7.
为了解新疆南疆部分地方品种绵羊嗜血支原体和泰勒虫的感染情况,采用PCR法检测新疆南疆5个地方品种绵羊共100份血液DNA样本.结果表明:新疆南疆部分地方品种绵羊泰勒虫和嗜血支原体感染率分别为35.0％(35/100)和3.0％(3/100).仅和田羊和多浪羊上检测到嗜血支原体感染,感染率分别为8.0％(2/25)和5....  相似文献   

8.
A survey was carried out to determine the prevalence and seasonal abundance of the egg and adult stages of nematode parasites of sheep and goats in the semi-arid zone of north-eastern Nigeria between January and December 2002. Faecal samples collected from 102 sheep and 147 goats and examined by the modified McMaster technique using saturated solution of sodium chloride as the floating medium revealed that 44 (43.1%) and 82 (55.8%) of the samples, respectively, contained at least one nematode egg type. Three nematode egg types were recovered with strongyle egg type (22.5% in sheep and 35.4% in goats) being the most prevalent followed, respectively, by Trichuris (5.9% in sheep and 4.1% in goats) and Strongyloides (4.9% in sheep and 4.1% in goats) egg types. Mean faecal egg counts were generally moderate in both sheep (1052+/-922 strongyle, 1000+/-590 Strongyloides and 380+/-110 Trichuris eggs, respectively, per g of faeces) and goats (2092+/-3475 strongyle, 958+/-854 Strongyloides and 683+/-512 Trichuris eggs, respectively, per g of faeces) and showed the same trend irrespective of the age or sex of the animals. The prevalence and counts of strongyle nematode eggs showed a definite seasonal sequence that corresponded with the rainfall pattern in the study area during the period. In both sheep and goats, counts of strongyle egg type increased with the rains and reached peak levels at about the peak of the rainy season in September. The other egg types encountered during the study did not show much variation with the season of the year. Out of the 45 sheep and 75 goats examined at necropsy, 27 (60%) and 39 (52%), respectively, contained adult nematode species. Seven genera of adult nematodes including Strongyloides, Trichostrongylus, Haemonchus, Trichuris, Cooperia, Oesophagostomum and Bunostomum species were encountered during the study. Bunostomum species were recorded only in sheep. Adult worm burdens were generally low and showed seasonal variation that corresponded with the rainfall pattern in the study area during the period. Haemonchus and Trichostrongylus species attained peak counts together in both goats (June) and sheep (August). Strongyloides species were encountered throughout the year in both sheep and goats irrespective of the season. Other genera of nematodes encountered occurred in very low numbers and did not allow any meaningful comparison of seasonal sequence. The results suggest that Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus and Strongyloides species may be the major contributors to small ruminant helminthiasis in the study area.  相似文献   

9.
During 1971 to 1976, a survey was conducted to determine the prevalence of Echinococcus granulosus infection among dogs and sheep in central Utah. For each year, the number of dogs positive for adult tapeworms of the total number examined and the percentage infected were: in 1971, 14 of 51 infected (27.4%); in 1972, 13 of 46 infected (28.3%); in 1973, 7 of 36 infected (19.4%); in 1974, 34 of 244 infected (13.9%); in 1975, 13 of 267 infected (4.9%); and in 1976, 14 of 195 infected (7.2%), or a 6-year total of 95 of 839 infected (av = 11.3%). For each year, the number of sheep positive with hydatid cysts of the total number examined and the percentage infected were: in 1971, 103 of 1,007 infected (10.2%); in 1972, 235 of 1,808 infected (13.0%); in 1973, 242 of 2,003 infected (12.1%); in 1974, 105 of 1,406 infected (7.5%); in 1975, 96 of 1,599 infected (6.0%); and in 1976, 96 of 1,171 infected (8.2%), or a 6-year total of 877 of 8,994 infected (av = 9.8%). These results represent a definite decline in numbers of infected animals and suggest that preventive and control measures advocated in central Utah are being implemented.  相似文献   

10.
AIM: To estimate the prevalence of resistance to macrocyclic lactone (ML) anthelmintics over a 3-year period on sheep farms in the Taihape area, and to determine associations between the presence of ML resistance and farm management practices. METHODS: All farmers with >1,000 lambing ewes served by one veterinary practice in the Taihape area of the central North Island of New Zealand were invited to take part in the study (n=157); respondents were selected on their willingness to participate. Resistance to ML was measured during 2004-2006, using a standard faecal egg count reduction test (FECRT) and a half dose of oral ivermectin (IVM; 0.1 mg/kg; n=84). Additional FECRTs were conducted separately on some farms, using full doses of IVM (n=47), levamisole (LEV; n=49), a benzimidazole (BZ; n=76), and a BZ/LEV combination (n=42). Resistance was defined as <95% faecal nematode egg count reduction (FECR) 7-10 days post-treatment. Larval cultures were performed on pooled faecal samples from all pre- and post-treatment groups for which any positive faecal nematode egg counts (FEC) were recorded. To ascertain whether particular management or drenching strategies were associated with the presence of resistance, a questionnaire comprising 50 questions was developed, and each farmer interviewed individually. RESULTS: Of all farmers invited, 84/157 (54%) participated in this study. Based on undifferentiated FEC, ML resistance to the half-dose IVM was evident on 46/84 (55%) participating farms. The majority of these cases (71%) involved Ostertagia (Teladorsagia) circumcincta. Resistance was also evident to full doses of IVM on 22/47 (47%), BZ on 41/76 (54%), LEV on 18/49 (37%), and BZ/LEV on 2/42 (5%) farms. Positive associations (p<0.05) were evident between the presence of ML resistance and management practices, such as: weaning over half of the lambs onto paddocks not grazed by lambing ewes since June; not always returning lambs to the same paddock after drenching; and the use of visual signs to assess 'worminess'. Measuring drench efficacy in January to March rather than later in the year, and presence of resistance to BZ or LEV were associated with a higher apparent prevalence of ML resistance (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Anthelmintic resistance, and particularly ML resistance, was widespread on sheep farms in the Taihape area, and mostly involved O. circumcincta. The prevalence of resistance was lower on farms on which management practices, particularly those involving lambs, maintained refugia of unselected nematodes. Further investigation is required to develop control strategies which minimise selection for resistant worms, and how these may vary with climate.  相似文献   

11.
This study was conducted between April 2000 and March 2001, in 12-month period. During the study, local slaughterhouses were visited periodically for 1 year to examine the internal organs (livers, lungs, spleens and hearts) for the presence of cysts and total 1355 cattle, 218 sheep and 104 goats were examined for the cystic echinococcosis (CE). It was found that 13.5% of cattle, 26.6% of sheep and 22.1% of goats were infected with this disease. While cysts in cattle (P < 0.001) and goats (P > 0.05) were found mostly in lungs (88.5 and 82.6%, respectively), but they were mostly found in livers (P > 0.05) in sheep. In addition to this, three spleens and one heart in cattle were infected with CE. In this study, the prevalence of CE and the number of cysts in ruminants were found different when the cattle, sheep and goats examined were stratified based on age. The prevalence and the number of cysts increased with age approaching an asymptotic prevalence of one in the oldest animals (P < 0.05). The number of cysts in cattle, sheep and goats were increasing at a rate of 0.31, 0.63 and 0.42/year, respectively. The economic decrease in the value of the carcasses because of the discarded liver and lung as a result of CE was estimated as 1.1% (7.5 US dollars per cattle) for cattle, 4.37% (3.2 US dollars per sheep) for sheep and 4.26% (2.9 US dollars per goat) for goats. The minimum total loss for all infected animals was determined to be 583 US dollars in infected animals, based on the market prices in the year 2002.  相似文献   

12.
A survey on the prevalence and intensity of infection with gastrointestinal helminths of Dorper sheep in relation to age and weather factors was carried out on a ranch in Kajiado district, a semi-arid area of Kenya for a period of 13 months (May 1999 to May 2000). Faecal samples from lambs (3 months to 1 year), yearlings (1-2 years) and adult breeding ewes (2-4 years) were examined for helminth egg output and helminth genus composition at 3-week intervals. The results indicated that the prevalence of strongyle and tapeworms infections were highest for lambs, followed by the adult breeding ewes and then for the yearlings. In all age groups the proportions of infected animals were higher during the wet season than in the dry season for both nematodes and tapeworms. The mean strongyle egg counts were higher during the dry season for lambs, but were higher during the wet season for the other age groups. Mixed strongyle infections were detected, with Trichostrongylus (55 %), Haemonchus (28 %), Cooperia (10.5 %) and Oesophagostomum (6.5 %) being the most frequently encountered genera throughout the study period. The trends in strongyle faecal egg counts indicated the occurrence of hypobiosis, with resumption of development towards the end of the dry season and at the onset of the short rains in October and November. Self-cure was also observed in September and November in all age groups, although less frequently in lactating ewes. The prevalence and intensities of infection with gastrointestinal helminths in this area appeared to be influenced by the age of the host and weather factors.  相似文献   

13.
In Kashmir, 85.1% of cattle, 51.3% of sheep and 14.8% of goats were found infected with Fasciola spp. The prevalence rate varied from 66.6 to 100.0%, 25.0 to 100% and nil to 66.0% in cattle, sheep and goats respectively in different months of the year. Fasciola gigantica was the predominant species in all animal species but sheep harboured both F. gigantica and F. hepatica. The prevalence of F. hepatica infection in sheep happens to be the first report from India. Lymnaea auricularia sensu stricto supported the development of F. gigantica under laboratory conditions. The incubation temperature affected the shedding of the cercariae. Snails maintained at 25-27 degrees C started cercarial shedding as early as day 20 post-infection (PI), whereas those maintained at 10-12 degrees C commenced it from day 64 PI. One out of three experimentally infected guinea pigs aged 1 month revealed adult flukes in the liver at necropsy on day 52 PI.  相似文献   

14.
试验选用10只1岁左右、平均体重为(40.43±1.70)kg的健康阿勒泰羊母羊,随机分为2组(每组5只),对照组饲喂精粗比5:5日粮,试验组在对照组日粮基础上添加2 g/d·头DL-酒石酸。预饲期14 d,正试期6 d。结果表明:在精粗比5:5日粮条件下,与对照组相比,添加酒石酸组绵羊干物质(DM)、有机物(OM)、粗蛋白质(CP)和能量表观消化率分别降低了1.99%(P>0.05)、3.31%(P>0.05)、2.96%(P>0.05)、-1.25%(P>0.05)。酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)表观消化率分别升高了0.32%(P>0.05)、-2.91%(P>0.05)。钙、磷表观消化率分别降低了4.68%(P>0.05)、-14.98%(P>0.05);氮沉积量、沉积率分别降低了10.39%(P>0.05)、2.97%(P>0.05)。以上结果表明,在精粗比5:5条件下,每头绵羊添喂酒石酸2 g/d对其消化代谢无显著影响。  相似文献   

15.
A longitudinal study was carried out to evaluate the diagnostic potential of the previously developed direct faecal real-time quantitative PCR (QPCR) assay (Kawaji et al., 2007) for the detection of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) infected sheep. Of the 58 sheep, 38 were orally inoculated with MAP, while 20 controls were maintained separately from the infected group throughout the trial. All animals were tested by QPCR, faecal culture and serum ELISA pre-inoculation and at 4, 8 and 13 months post-inoculation, and were necropsied at 13 months post-inoculation. Eighteen out of 38 inoculated sheep were detected by QPCR to be shedding MAP in faeces at 4 months post-inoculation, while only one sheep was positive in faecal culture at this time point. At 8 months post-inoculation, MAP DNA was detected in faeces of all inoculated sheep by QPCR, while MAP organisms were isolated from only 34% of the inoculated animals by faecal culture. The QPCR results for faecal samples that were collected at necropsy demonstrated that faecal QPCR was more sensitive than culture of intestinal tissues for MAP. The QPCR assay was confirmed to be a sensitive and specific ante-mortem diagnostic test for MAP in sheep, circumventing faecal culture which is a less sensitive and highly time consuming test. Quantification of MAP DNA in faeces by QPCR may provide immediate information to estimate the stage of the infection as well as the risk of transmission from infected animals.  相似文献   

16.
This study was conducted between April 2000 and March 2001, in 12‐month period. During the study, local slaughterhouses were visited periodically for 1 year to examine the internal organs (livers, lungs, spleens and hearts) for the presence of cysts and total 1355 cattle, 218 sheep and 104 goats were examined for the cystic echinococcosis (CE). It was found that 13.5% of cattle, 26.6% of sheep and 22.1% of goats were infected with this disease. While cysts in cattle (P < 0.001) and goats (P > 0.05) were found mostly in lungs (88.5 and 82.6%, respectively), but they were mostly found in livers (P > 0.05) in sheep. In addition to this, three spleens and one heart in cattle were infected with CE. In this study, the prevalence of CE and the number of cysts in ruminants were found different when the cattle, sheep and goats examined were stratified based on age. The prevalence and the number of cysts increased with age approaching an asymptotic prevalence of one in the oldest animals (P < 0.05). The number of cysts in cattle, sheep and goats were increasing at a rate of 0.31, 0.63 and 0.42/year, respectively. The economic decrease in the value of the carcasses because of the discarded liver and lung as a result of CE was estimated as 1.1% ($7.5 per cattle) for cattle, 4.37% ($3.2 per sheep) for sheep and 4.26% ($2.9 per goat) for goats. The minimum total loss for all infected animals was determined to be $583 in infected animals, based on the market prices in the year 2002.  相似文献   

17.
The prevalence of anthelmintic resistance on 27 sheep farms in Slovakia was investigated in 2003 and 2004 using the faecal egg count reduction test (FECRT) according to the WAAVP guidelines. Resistance to albendazole was detected on one farm (3.7%) and suspected on two farms (7.4%) out of 27 sheep flocks. Resistance to ivermectin was tested on 26 farms. On six (23.1%) farms, results indicated the presence of ivermectin resistance. Resistance to ivermectin was suspected on eight farms (30.8%). However, it is also possible that generic ivermectin anthelmintics used in survey have a lower efficacy against sheep nematodes.  相似文献   

18.
A total of 89 Thoroughbreds, 14 to 333 days old (born in 1982), were examined at necropsy for certain internal parasites during a 1-year-period, Mar 1, 1982, to Feb 28, 1983. The eyes of 73 of the horses and the cranial mesenteric arteries of 71 were examined. Specific interest was on prevalence of parasites according to month of the year and age of the horses at necropsy. Parasites recovered (first month-last month infected horse found) were as follows: Thelazia lacrymalis (eyes) immature and mature (June - February); Habronema/Draschia (lungs) immature (May - September); Habronema muscae (stomach) immature (July - February) and mature (September - February); Draschia megastoma (stomach) immature (August - December), mature (August - February), and lesions (September - February); Gasterophilus intestinalis (stomach) 2nd instars (July - February) and 3rd instars (August - February); Gasterophilus nasalis (stomach) 2nd instars (August - November) and 3rd instars (August - February); Parascaris equorum (lungs) immature (March - November), P equorum (small intestine) immature (March - February), and mature (July - February); Strongyloides westeri (small intestine) mature (March - September); Anoplocephala perfoliata (cecum) immature and mature (August - February); Strongylus vulgaris (cranial mesenteric artery) immature and mature (May - February). Other parasites recovered, but only from 1 or 2 horses each (months found in infected horses) were: Thelazia skrjabini (eyes) (October), Dictyocaulus arnfieldi (lungs) (January); Trichostrongylus axei (stomach) (October); Anoplocephala magna (small intestine) (October, November); S vulgaris (cecum) (November); Strongylus edentatus (cecum) (January); Setaria spp (abdominal cavity) (January). Influence of probable chemotherapy of the horses on prevalence of the parasites is discussed.  相似文献   

19.
Helminth and protozoan parasites in dogs and cats in Belgium   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
This study investigates the level of helminthic and protozoal infestation over the last 10 years in strays, well-cared-for dogs and cats. Determination of the prevalence of infections was based either on faecal examination or on worm counts at necropsy. Of 2324 faecal flotations (NaCl sp.gr. 1.20) of stray dogs, 34.2% had eggs or proglottids of one or more worm species consisting of Toxocara canis (17.4%), Toxascaris leonina (10.1%), Uncinaria stenocephala (11.4%), Trichuris vulpis (7.0%) and cestodes (2.1%). Isospora oocysts were observed in 5.2% of the dogs. The data on the distribution of the various worm species in the positive dogs indicate that T. canis eggs were by far the most common (50.9%). Necropsy data from 212 infected dogs indicate that 38.9% were infected with T. canis and 33.7% with T. leonina. The overall prevalence of worm infestation of 246 well-cared-for kennel dogs, based on worm egg counts by the McMaster technique, was 36.1%. Of 30 feline faecal samples examined by flotation, 83.3% were positive for parasites, including Toxocara cati (60%), Ancylostoma tubaeformae (36.6%), Taenia (Hydatigera) taeniaeformis (20%) and coccidia (30%). Toxocara cati was the most frequently found worm species at the necropsy of 25 cats (52%). Toxoplasma was not observed.  相似文献   

20.
A survey of the gastro-intestinal nematodes in domestic sheep and goats of the Sahelian zone of Senegal was undertaken. Their prevalence and the egg production were estimated by faecal egg count in 2234 sheep and 577 goats slaughtered at the Dakar slaughterhouse during a 12 month period. The highest prevalence (%) and highest mean egg counts (EPG) were recorded at the end of the wet season. Amongst the species of nematodes encountered there are two of potential importance: Haemonchus contortus and Oesophagostomum columbianum. It is suggested that the most effective control can be achieved by a critical treatment at the end of dry season (May–June) when the EPG starts to increase, and when hypobiosis is supposed to be terminating. This would insure the greatest proportion of the existing worm population to be exposed to the anthelmintic.  相似文献   

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