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分子标记辅助选择Xa23基因改良杂交稻亲本的白叶枯病抗性 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
白叶枯病是世界上影响水稻产量最严重的病害之一,本研究利用携有目前已知的、抗谱最广和抗性最强的显性基因Xa23的水稻材料CBB23作为基因供体,以感白叶枯病的杂交水稻的3个骨干亲本培矮64S、明恢86和C418作为受体,采用杂交和复交,在分离群体中利用与Xa23紧密连锁的SSR标记RM206进行分子标记辅助选择。通过分子标记检测、田间抗性鉴定和农艺性状选择,BC3F3株系中获得Xa23基因纯合且农艺性状稳定的培矮64S、明恢86和C418。获得的恢复系或不育系及配制的杂交组合在田间对我国7个以及菲律宾P1和P6白叶枯病生理小种都具有抗性。 相似文献
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Xa21是一个从长药野生稻（O.longistaminata）中发现并首先被克隆的水稻白叶枯病抗性基因。笔者用国际水稻所选育的带Xa21基因的品种IRBB60，与L1（多系1号／明恢63）杂交及回交，并采用分子标记辅助选择，育成了抗白叶枯病、恢复性强、米质优的新恢复系中恢8006，再用它与印度型胞质不育系中8A组配，育成了杂交稻新组合围稻3号；该组合2004年3月通过江西省市定。 相似文献
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分子标记辅助培育水稻抗白叶枯病和稻瘟病三基因聚合系 总被引：6，自引：2，他引：4
水稻的白叶枯病和稻瘟病是水稻的两大主要病害, 通过分子标记辅助选择与传统的杂交、自交相结合的方法, 将抗稻瘟病的Pi9(t)基因和抗白叶枯病的Xa21及Xa23基因聚合到同一株系中, 经多代大田或/和温室接菌鉴定、室内标记选择和田间农艺性状的筛选, 获得了4个三基因聚合且农艺性状优良的株系L17~L20。用不同国家和地区的20个稻瘟病小种、中国流行的7个白叶枯病菌系C1~C7以及安徽省流行的白叶枯病菌系进行大田或/和温室抗病性鉴定, 结果显示, 株系L17~L20对20个稻瘟病小种均表现出抗性, 抗性水平与Pi9(t)基因的供体亲本75-1-127相当, 抗谱相同; 对白叶枯病的抗性和抗谱与Xa23基因相似, 不论在苗期还是在成株期均抗白叶枯病。与Xa21、Xa23基因的供体亲本M12和CBB23相比, 成株期的抗性水平有所增强。利用多重PCR技术, 在同一PCR反应中可同时选择Pi9(t)和Xa21基因, 提高了PCR选择效率。 相似文献
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利用分子标记辅助选择聚合水稻基因Xa21和Pi9(t) 总被引：22，自引：0，他引：22
通过有性杂交和田间多代选育，利用分子标记辅助选择和田间／温室抗性鉴定，将广谱高抗白叶枯病的Xa21，基因和高抗稻瘟病的Pi9(t)基因聚合到同一品系中，获得双基因纯合且农艺性状稳定的株系。用中国7个和安徽省流行白叶枯病病菌以及多个稻瘟病小种进行抗病性鉴定，结果表明：双抗基因系同时抗白叶枯病和稻瘟病，抗性级别为HR-R，抗谱与供体亲本一致，抗性水平基本相当。室内考种结果显示：双抗基因系间株高变异较大；单株有效穗比两亲本弱；结实率和千粒重明显优于Xa21，基因的供体M12，与Pi9(t)基因的供体亲本75-1-127相当。 相似文献
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利用分子标记辅助选择聚合Pi9(t)和Xa23基因 总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13
利用分子标记辅助选择将广谱高抗稻瘟病的Pi9(t)基因和全生育期高抗白叶枯病的Xa23基因聚合到同一优良株系中,获得了含双基因的优良株系L10～L13.用来自不同地区的20个稻瘟病小种和中国流行的7个白叶枯病小种及安徽白叶枯病小种对聚合株系进行接菌鉴定,结果显示:聚合Pi9(t)和Xa23基因的株系L10～L13同时抗稻瘟病和白叶枯病;与稻瘟病的供体亲本75-1-127相比,抗性水平相当,均达抗级(R)水平,且抗谱相同;与白叶枯病的供体CBB23相比,对白叶枯病的抗性时期一致,均表现为全生育期抗性,而且抗性水平和抗谱相似.通过田间农艺性状的筛选,获得的双基因聚合系具有较好的农艺性状,可直接应用于生产或作为抗性亲本. 相似文献
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以9311为轮回亲本,以IRBB21为抗白叶枯病供体亲本,通过杂交和三次回交以及两次自交,结合农艺性状的选择,建立起具44个株系的BC3F3群体.分别用连锁标记pTA248和基因内STS标记MXA21对抗性基因Xa21进行前景选择.用均匀分布在水稻全基因组的248个SSR标记,进行两亲本之间的多态性分析,获得76个具多态性的SSR标记,用于背景选择.结果选到基因型背景回复到轮回亲本的73.68%-88.16%,且Xa21基因纯合的株系4个,分别为M071、M082、M086和M087.以Xa21的鉴别菌系菲律宾6号小种PXO99接种鉴定表明,9311为感(S),IRBB21为抗(R),中选株系M071和M082的抗性与IRBB21相同,为抗(R)级,M086和M087抗性略低于IRBB21,为抗到中抗(R/MR),这两个株系内单株之间抗性有差异.农艺性状考察结果显示,中选株系与轮回亲本9311相似.以中选株系M086与培矮64S配制的F1和原组合两优培九(培矮64S/9311)进行比较,对白叶枯病的抗性有了明显提高,综合农艺性状相似.论文就白叶枯病抗性基因的综合利用以及育种方法进行了讨论. 相似文献
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Jens Jensen 《Euphytica》1979,28(1):47-56
Summary The high-lysine gene in Risø mutant 1508 conditions an increased lysine content in the endosperm via a changed protein composition, a decreased seed size, and several other characters of the seed. The designation lys3a, lys3b, and lys3c, is proposed for the allelic high-lysine genes in three Risø mutants, nos 1508, 18, and 19. Linkage studies with translocations locate the lys3 locus in the centromere region of chromosome 7. A linkage study involving the loci lys3 and ddt (resistance to DDT) together with the marker loci fs (fragile stem), s (short rachilla hairs), and r (smooth awn) show that the order of the five loci on chromosome 7 from the long to the short chromosome arm is r, s, fs, lys3, ddt. The distance from locus r to locus ddt is about 100 centimorgans. 相似文献
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G. H. Kroon 《Euphytica》1994,76(1-2):125-125
Summary
K x vadensis is a hybrid of K. blossfeldiana and K. marmorata obtained after doubling the number of chromosomes. 相似文献
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Hongyan WEI Jian ZHOU Jinguang LU Jingzheng SONG Qiongxi YU Zhihong JIANG 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):27-29
[Objectives]This study aimed to establish a QAMS(quantitative analysis of multi-components by single-marker)method for simultaneous determination of four phenol... 相似文献
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Summary Avoidance of rust fungi that was based on poor appressorium induction was previously found in Hordeum chilense. In the present study 95 accessions of Triticeae were screened for avoidance of Puccinia hordei. The percentage of appressorium formation per germinated spore ranged from 6 to 90%. On none of the 41 accessions of Aegilops, Agropyron, Elymus, Secale, Thinopyrum or Triticum studied was the rate of appressorium formation lower than 25%. Lower rates of appressorium formation were, however, found on accessions of wild barley species Hordeum brachyantherum, H. marinum, H. parodii and H. secalinum. Its implications in cereal breeding are discussed. 相似文献
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D. A. Bond G. J. Jellis G. G. Rowland J. Le Guen L. D. Robertson S. A. Khalil L. Li-Juan 《Euphytica》1993,73(1-2):151-166
Progress is being made, mainly by ICARDA but also elsewhere, in breeding for resistance to Botrytis, AScochyta, Uromyces, and Orobanche; and some lines have resistance to more than one pathogen. The strategy is to extend multiple resistance but also to seek new and durable forms of resistance. Internationally coordinated programs are needed to maintain the momentum of this work.Tolerance of abiotic stresses leads to types suited to dry or cold environments rather than broad adaptability, but in this cross-pollinated species, the more hybrid vigor expressed by a cultivar, the more it is likely to tolerate various stresses. 相似文献
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Chunli TANG Fengxian ZHAO Hongxia CHEN Jiabao MA Jiangcun WEI Meiyan QIU Zhen XIE 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):60-65
[Objectives]To optimize the water extraction process of Chinese Herbal Compound Man Gan Ning and establish a method for its extraction and content determination... 相似文献
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Mohammed Riyazaddin Polavarapu B. Kavi Kishor Are Ashok Kumar Belum V. S. Reddy Rajendra S. Munghate Hari C. Sharma 《Plant Breeding》2015,134(4):423-436
Sorghum shoot fly, Atherigona soccata, is one of the important pests of postrainy season sorghums. Of the 90 sorghum genotypes evaluated for resistance to this pest, RHRB 12, ICSV 713, 25026, 93046 and 25027, IS 33844‐5, Giddi Maldandi and RVRT 3 exhibited resistance in postrainy season, while ICSB 463, Phule Anuradha, RHRB 19, Parbhani Moti, ICSV 705, PS 35805, IS 5480, 5622, 17726, 18368 and 34722, RVRT 1, ICSR 93031 and Dagidi Solapur showed resistance in rainy season, suggesting season‐specific expression of resistance to A. soccata. ICSB 461, ICSB 463, Phule Yasodha, M 35‐1, ICSV 700, 711, 25010, 25019 and 93089, IS 18662, Phule Vasudha, IS 18551 and 33844‐5 and Barsizoot had fewer deadhearts than plants with eggs across seasons, suggesting antibiosis as one of the resistance mechanism. Five genotypes exhibited resistance with high grain yield across seasons. Correlation, path and stepwise regression analyses indicated that leaf glossiness, seedling vigour, trichome density, oviposition and leaf sheath pigmentation were associated with the expression of resistance/susceptibility to shoot fly, and these can be used as marker traits to select and develop shoot fly‐resistant sorghums. 相似文献
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Summary Apple and pear pollen was irradiated with doses of 0, 50, 100, 250 and 500 krad (gamma rays) and stored at 4°C and 0–10% r.h. From the in-vitro germination percentages an average LD 50 dose of about 220 krad was estimated. For both irradiated and untreated pollen a close and corresponding lineair relationship existed between germination percentage and pollen tube growth.Irradiated pollen was much more sensitive to dry storage conditions than untreated pollen, resulting in less germination and more bursting. Apparently, irradiation caused the pollen cell membrane to lose its flexibility faster than normal. Rehydration of dry-stored, irradiated pollen in water-saturated air restored germination percentages up to their initial levels. The importance of this procedure in germination trials is stressed. 相似文献
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E. Keep 《Euphytica》1986,35(3):843-855
Summary Cytoplasmic male sterility (cms) is described in the F1 hybrids Ribes × carrierei (R. glutinosum albidum × R. nigrum) and R. sanguineum × R. nigrum. In backcrosses to R. nigrum, progenies with R. glutinosum cytoplasm were either all male sterile, or segregated for full male fertility (F) and complete (S) and partial (I) male sterility. Ratios of F:I+S suggested that two linked genes controlled cms, F plants being dominant for one (Rf
1) and recessive for the other (Rf
2).Segregation for cms in relation to three linded genes, Ce (resistance to the gall mite, Cecidophyopsis ribes), Sph
3(resistance to American gooseberry mildew, Sphaerotheca mors-uvae) and Lf
1(one of two dominant additive genes controlling early season leafing out) indicated that Rf
1and Rf
2were in this linkage group. The gene order and approximate crossover values appeared to be: % MathType!MTEF!2!1!+-% feaafiart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn% hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXafv3ySLgzGmvETj2BSbqef0uAJj3BZ9Mz0bYu% H52CGmvzYLMzaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqr1ngBPrgifHhDYfgasa% acOqpw0xe9v8qqaqFD0xXdHaVhbbf9v8qqaqFr0xc9pk0xbba9q8Wq% Ffea0-yr0RYxir-Jbba9q8aq0-yq-He9q8qqQ8frFve9Fve9Ff0dme% aabaqaciGacaGaamqadaabaeaafaaakeaacaWGdbGaamyzamaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGWaGaaiOlaiaacgdacaGG0aGaaiiiaiaacc% caaaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaamOuaiaadAgaliaaigdakmaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaaccdacaGGUaGaaiOmaiaacs% dacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaaaacaWGsbGaamOzaSGa% aGOmaOWaaWaaaeaacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacc% cacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccaaaGaamitaiaadAgaliaaigdakmaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacc% cacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaaaaiaadofacaWGWbGaamiAaSGa% aG4maaaa!6E4D!\[Ce\underline { 0.14 } Rf1\underline { 0.24 } Rf2\underline { } Lf1\underline { } Sph3\]. Crossover values of 0.36 for Ce-Lf
1, and 0.15 for Lf
1-Sph
3were estimated from the relative mean differences in season of leafing out between seedlings dominant and recessive for Ce and Sph
3.It is suggested that competitive disadvantage of lf
1-carrying gametes and/or zygotes at low temperatures may be implicated in the almost invariable deficit of plants dominant for the closely linked mildew resistance allele Sph
3. Poor performance of lf
1- (and possibly lf
2-) carrying gametes and young zygotes during periods of low temperature at flowering might also account for the liability of some late season cultivars and selections to premature fruit drop (running off). 相似文献
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[Objectives] To determine the optimum extraction technology for total phenols of leaves in Acanthopanax giraldii Harms.[Methods]The single factor test and ortho... 相似文献