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1.
4种处理方法对三点金种子萌发效果的影响 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
采用NaOH浸泡、H2SO4浸泡、物理摩擦(细砂纸摩擦)及清水浸泡4种方法对不同成熟状态的三点金Desmodium triflorum种子进行处理,结果表明:NaOH溶液浸泡处理三点金种子最佳质量分数和时间组合是0.5%NaOH浸泡10 min,发芽率达58%;H2SO4溶液浸泡处理三点金种子最佳质量分数和时间组合是0.5%H2SO4浸泡3 min和5%H2SO4浸泡1 min,发芽率均达到48%;细砂纸摩擦5 min的三点金种子平均发芽率最高,达到58%;清水浸泡48 h对照发芽率仅达38%。结果还表明:完熟期的种子发芽率为55%,高于枯熟期(47%)和黄熟期(42%)的种子发芽率。 相似文献
2.
打破结缕草种子休眠的方法研究 总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13
X-射线能谱分析表明,颖苞表面被蜡质和硅覆盖,造成颖苞透性差,限制结缕草Zoysia japonica种子的萌发.在此基础上采用丙酮、HF和H2SO4处理结缕草种子,发现均能有效打破休眠,具体表现如下:以0.6%HF处理10min、30%丙酮处理20min、60%H2SO4处理5min效果最好,发芽率分别为88%、90%和92%,同20%NaOH处理20min相比,种子发芽率相差不多.表明,可以考虑用HF或丙酮等有机溶剂来进行结缕草种子的工厂化处理. 相似文献
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《四川草原》2016,(2)
以3种野生苔草植物种子为材料,研究打破其休眠的最佳处理方法和发芽温度。采用预冷、硝酸钾预冷、NaOH溶液浸种和浓硫酸浸种对种子进行预处理,在15℃~30℃之间设置3个变温梯度,进行两因素完全随机发芽试验。结果表明:圆囊苔草的最适发芽温度为25/15℃,最佳处理为10%NaOH溶液处理10min,发芽率达91%;膨囊苔草的最适发芽温度为30/15℃,最佳处理为10%NaOH溶液处理120min,发芽率达54%,继续增加处理时间可能会进一步提高膨囊苔草的发芽率;异穗苔草的最适发芽温度为30/20℃变温,最佳处理为20%NaOH浸种120min,发芽率达93%。 相似文献
4.
浸种处理对闽引羽叶决明种子萌发的影响 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4
研究了温水、98%硫酸浸种对闽引羽叶决明种子萌发的影响,结果表明,未浸种闽引羽叶决明种子硬实率达87.7%,初始温度100℃温水浸种5～30 min,种子硬实率降至9.7%～13.0%,种子发芽率、发芽势分别上升至87.0%～90.3%和85.0%～88.0%,发芽指数达48.2～56.5,明显优于其他温水浸种处理。98%硫酸浸种10 min,种子硬实率低于2.0%,种子发芽率、发芽势和发芽指数最高,分别为98.3%,97.3%和87.0%。 相似文献
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为明晰‘粉玉’系列草莓种子发芽特性,提高萌发效率,以‘粉玉1号’和‘粉玉2号’草莓种子为试材,采用物理、化学或生物酶等处理法,研究不同处理对草莓种子萌发的影响。结果表明,98%浓硫酸（H2SO4）浸种2~10min能显著加速种子萌发并显著提高发芽率,其中浸种10min的效果最为显著,处理后‘粉玉1号’和‘粉玉2号’发芽势分别提高8.26倍和23.36倍,发芽率提高19.5%和14.2%,平均发芽时间缩短50.4%和55.6%;砂纸打磨和复合生物酶浸种也能显著提高种子发芽率;乙酸（CH3COOH）、氢氧化钠（NaOH）和过氧化氢（H2O2）溶液对种子萌发有显著的抑制作用;长时间的贮存会显著降低种子活力,而98%浓硫酸浸种和砂纸打磨对贮存种子萌发依然有较好的促进作用。 相似文献
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探讨使用酸处理解除树莓种壳机械障碍,提高树莓种子发芽率。本试验以‘秋英’、‘拖拉蜜’为供试材料,采用98%浓硫酸、20%次氯酸钠处理以及两者组合的方式以打破种子休眠。结果表明,98%浓H2SO4处理30min+20%NaClO浸泡1d对‘秋英’效果最好,发芽率为65.00%;98%浓H2SO4处理10min+20%NaClO浸泡3d对‘秋英’效果最好,发芽率为68.33%。使用浓硫酸和次氯酸钠组合处理后树莓的种子发芽率高于单一使用浓硫酸或次氯酸钠处理。 相似文献
8.
化学溶液浸种对荆条种子萌发和幼苗抗旱性的效应 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为筛选出既能提高荆条种子发芽率又能增强荆条幼苗抗旱性的化学溶液处理方式,研究了不同化学溶液浸种处理对荆条种子萌发及幼苗抗旱性的影响。结果表明:0.1%GA_3,0.2%H2O2和0.1%GA_3+0.5%CaCl_2混合溶液3种方式浸种24h均能够显著提高荆条种子的发芽势、发芽率和发芽指数。同干旱胁迫相比,0.1%GA_3+0.5%CaCl_2混合溶液浸种能够在最大程度上提高荆条幼苗的相对含水量和叶绿素含量,降低电解质渗透率和丙二醛含量,并进一步增加APX,CAT和POD的活性。混合溶液0.1%GA_3+0.5%CaCl_2浸种能够提高荆条种子的发芽率,同时有效提高荆条幼苗的抗旱性。 相似文献
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试验采用H2SO4、NaOH、KNO3和丙酮药剂对岷山红三叶Trifolium pratense种子进行浸泡处理，以观察这些药剂对种子休眠的破除效果。结果表明，4种药剂均能有效破除种子休眠，提高发芽率；不同药剂、不同质量分数和不同处理时间对发芽率的影响不同，4种药剂中，用40% H2SO4溶液处理10 min的效果最佳，其发芽率比对照（50%）提高37%。其次是30% H2SO4溶液处理15 min、0.2% KNO3溶液处理12 h、40% NaOH溶液处理10 min、30% NaOH溶液处理15 min和10 min，发芽率分别比对照提高34%、31%、30%、30%和29%。丙酮溶液处理的效果较差，仅使发芽率提高20%。 相似文献
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Rassnick KM Gieger TL Williams LE Ruslander DM Northrup NC Kristal O Myers NC Moore AS 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2001,15(3):196-199
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks. 相似文献
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Davis MS Willard MD Nelson SL Mandsager RE McKiernan BS Mansell JK Lehenbauer TW 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(3):311-314
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large. 相似文献
13.
Furosemide continuous rate infusion in the horse: evaluation of enhanced efficacy and reduced side effects 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Johansson AM Gardner SY Levine JF Papich MG LaFevers DH Fuquay LR Reagan VH Atkins CE 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(6):887-895
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses. 相似文献
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Waruiru RM Thamsborg SM Nansen P Kyvsgaard NC Bogh HO Munyua WK Gathuma JM 《Tropical animal health and production》2001,33(3):173-187
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round. 相似文献
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The occurrence of ectoparasites in sheep flocks is frequently reported but seldom quantified. Sheep production used to be a predominantly family activity in the state of Sa~o Paulo (Brazil), but it began to become a commercial activity in the past decade. Thus, information about the ectoparasites existing in sheep flocks has become necessary. The present data were obtained by means of questionnaires sent to all sheep breeders belonging to the `Associaça~o Paulista de Criadores de Ovinos' (ASPACO; Sa~o Paulo State Association of Sheep Breeders). Response reliability was tested by means of random visits paid to 10.6% of the respondents. Most of the properties (89.5%) reported the presence of one or more ectoparasites. Screw-worm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) was the most frequent ectoparasite (72.5%), followed by bot fly larvae (Dermatobia hominis, 45.0%), ticks (Amblyomma cajennense) and Boophilus microplus, 31.3%) and finally lice (Damalinia ovis, 13.8%). Combined infestations also occurred, the most common one being screw-worm with bot fly larvae (36.0%) followed by bot fly larvae with ticks (13.9%), screw-worm with ticks (9.3%), bot fly larvae with lice (6.9%), and ticks with lice (5.0%). The most common triple combination was screw-worm, bot fly larvae and ticks (12.8%). Breeds raised for meat or wool were attacked by bot fly larvae and ticks more often than other breeds. Lice were only absent from animals of indigenous breeds. The relationships among these ectoparasites are discussed in terms of sheep breeds, flock size, seasonality and the ectoparasitic combinations on the host. 相似文献
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Evaluation of biohydrogenation rate of canola vs. soya bean seeds as unsaturated fatty acids sources for ruminants in situ 
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下载免费PDF全文 S. Pashaei T. Ghoorchi A. Yamchi 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2016,100(2):211-216
An experiment was conducted to study disappearance of C14 to C18 fatty acids, lag times and biohydrogenation (BH) rates of C18 fatty acids of ground soya bean and canola seeds in situ. Three ruminally fistulated Dallagh sheep were used to determine ruminal BH of unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs). Differences in the disappearance of fatty acids through the bags and lag times were observed between the oilseeds. We saw that the longer the incubation time of the oilseeds in the rumen, the lower the content of C18:2 and C18:3. Significantly higher lag times for both C18:2 and C18:3 were observed in ground canola compared to ground soya bean. BH rates of C18:2 and C18:3 fatty acids in soya bean were three times higher than those of canola. These results suggest that the fatty acid profile of fat source can affect the BH of UFAs by rumen micro‐organisms. So that UFAs of canola had higher ability to escape from ruminal BH. It seems that fatty acid profile of ruminant products is more affected by canola seed compared to soya bean seed. 相似文献
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Serum biochemical values and the wet weight to dry weight ratios of tissues were determined in yaks in Shandan county of Gansu province. The liver, kidney, heart and muscle contents of seven elements in yaks were also analysed. Most serum biochemical values were similar to those of cattle, camels and sheep, but the calcium concentration was considerably above the normal range for other ruminants. The liver contained the highest concentrations of copper, manganese and cobalt and the kidney of selenium, iron and calcium.Abbreviations Alb
albumin
- ALT
alanine aminotransferase
- AST
aspartate aminotransferase
- BUN
blood urea nitrogen
- Chol
cholesterol
- Glob
globulin
- -GT
-glutamyl transpeptidase
- IP
inorganic phosphorus
- TP
total protein 相似文献
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正We are pleased to publish the second special issue on avian brood parasitism and to be responsible guest editors for the two special issues of Chinese Birds (Vol. 3, No. 4, 2012 and Vol. 4, No. 1, 2013), entitled "Avian Brood Parasitism - A Growing Research Area in Behavioral Ecology". The first issue was published in December 2012. The goal of the two special issues is to publish accumulated knowledge and some of the recent developments in 相似文献
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Tropical Animal Health and Production - 相似文献