共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 78 毫秒
1.
本文建立了饲料中赭曲霉毒素A(OTA)的免疫亲和柱净化-高效液相色谱荧光检测方法。样品用甲醇-水(体积比80∶20)提取,通过免疫亲和柱富集和净化,以乙腈和2%乙酸溶液为流动相(体积比44∶56),Agilent C18色谱柱分离,荧光检测器检测(λex-332 nm,λem=460 nm)。OTA的线性范围为0.1～100.0 ng/mL,r=0.99989。方法检测限为0.2μg/kg,定量限为0.6μg/kg。样品中赭曲霉毒素A的加标回收率为75%～92%,相对标准偏差为1.65%～3.61%。 相似文献
2.
3.
本项目研究了高效液相色谱法测定饲料原料和配合饲料中赭曲霉毒素的方法。样品经乙腈水(84：16)提取,提取液通过Mvcosep229柱净化、浓缩,C18色谱柱分离,荧光检测器检测,外标法定量。对添加两个浓度赭曲霉毒素的玉米样品进行加标回收实验．平均回收率为99．12％和103．09％．变异系数分别为0．281％、1．214％,最低检测限为0．20ng／kg,方法简便易行,准确精密度高,值得推广。 相似文献
4.
5.
6.
随机抽取浙江省8家不同规模牛羊养殖场青粗饲料样品22份,采用高效液相色谱法检测黄曲霉毒素,ELISA法检测玉米赤霉烯酮、赭曲霉毒素、呕吐毒素和伏马毒素等5种常见霉菌毒素含量。结果发现,68.2%的青粗饲料样品中检测到3种及以上霉菌毒素残留。青粗饲料中黄曲霉毒素的检出率很低,仅从鄱阳湖草中检出,残留量低于我国及大多数国家对牛羊饲料黄曲霉毒素总量限定标准。赭曲霉毒素的检出率18.2%,4个阳性样品的残留量均远低于我国及欧盟对牛羊饲料相关限定标准。玉米赤霉烯酮、呕吐毒素和伏马毒素的检出率分别为90.9%、72.7%和90.9%,除压块玉米秸、野生谷壳、毛豆秆和金华稻草的呕吐毒素含量超出我国犊牛和泌乳动物配合饲料限定标准,该三种毒素在其他阳性样品的残留量均低于我国及欧盟对牛羊饲料相关限定标准。 相似文献
7.
为了评估鲁北地区全株玉米青贮饲料霉菌毒素含量及危害情况,在鲁北地区18家养殖场青贮池中采集青贮样品,利用ELISA检测方法,开展了呕吐毒素(DON)、黄曲霉毒素B1(AFB1)、玉米赤霉烯酮(ZEN)、T-2、赭曲霉毒素(OTA)等5种常见霉菌毒素的检测分析。结果表明:呕吐毒素、T-2毒素检出率均为100%,黄曲霉毒素B1、玉米赤霉烯酮、赭曲霉毒素检出率分别为55.56%、27.78%、5.56%;5.56%的样品存在黄曲霉毒素B1超出限量标准,其他均在限量标准以下。添加乳酸菌制剂制备组的呕吐毒素、黄曲霉毒素B1、玉米赤霉烯酮3种霉菌毒素平均含量明显低于未添加组。全部样品中均检测出2种以上霉菌毒素,其中DON+T-2+AFB1三种霉菌毒素的组合检出率最高,达到38.89%,因此需提高对全株玉米青贮饲料霉菌毒素污染的认识和重视程度。 相似文献
8.
赭曲霉素主要为赭曲霉、疣孢青霉和碳黑曲霉等三种霉菌的二级代谢产物。赭曲霉毒素A具有很强的肝脏毒性和肾脏毒性,并有致畸、致突变和致癌作用,且对于不同动物种属的毒副作用具有差异。赭曲霉毒素A广泛存在于谷物及谷物产品、草料及饲料产品中,一旦被动物食用后,容易在肌肉、组织中蓄积,进而严重危害人体健康。目前国内仅对部分饲料和农产品的进行了限量,对于动物源性食品的限量值和检测方尚未规定,因此有必要建立快速、灵敏、简便,适合我国具体国情的赭曲霉毒素A检测方法,并尽快开展研究,制定动物源性食品的赭曲霉毒素A的限量标准。 相似文献
9.
10.
饲料中赭曲霉毒素的危害和监控 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
赭曲霉毒素A(OchratoxinA ,OA)是由曲霉菌属和青霉菌属几种菌产生的次生代谢产物,动物试验表明对肾脏、肝脏等具有较强的毒性。赭曲霉毒素广泛分布于饲料及饲料原料中,被摄食后累积在畜、禽体内,通过食物链对人类健康构成威胁。许多国家对其制定了最高允许量,并建立了监控检测体系。随着我国加入WTO ,建立自己的质量标准以监控饲料中赭曲霉毒素A是必要的。1 危害1 1 赭曲霉毒素A的毒性 赭曲霉毒素包含了7种结构类似的化合物,其中以赭曲霉毒素A的毒性最强。赭曲霉毒素A具有烈性的肾脏毒和肝脏毒,在自然界中低浓度存在时主要侵袭肾脏… 相似文献
11.
Rassnick KM Gieger TL Williams LE Ruslander DM Northrup NC Kristal O Myers NC Moore AS 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2001,15(3):196-199
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks. 相似文献
12.
Davis MS Willard MD Nelson SL Mandsager RE McKiernan BS Mansell JK Lehenbauer TW 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(3):311-314
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large. 相似文献
13.
Furosemide continuous rate infusion in the horse: evaluation of enhanced efficacy and reduced side effects 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Johansson AM Gardner SY Levine JF Papich MG LaFevers DH Fuquay LR Reagan VH Atkins CE 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(6):887-895
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses. 相似文献
14.
Waruiru RM Thamsborg SM Nansen P Kyvsgaard NC Bogh HO Munyua WK Gathuma JM 《Tropical animal health and production》2001,33(3):173-187
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round. 相似文献
15.
The occurrence of ectoparasites in sheep flocks is frequently reported but seldom quantified. Sheep production used to be a predominantly family activity in the state of Sa~o Paulo (Brazil), but it began to become a commercial activity in the past decade. Thus, information about the ectoparasites existing in sheep flocks has become necessary. The present data were obtained by means of questionnaires sent to all sheep breeders belonging to the `Associaça~o Paulista de Criadores de Ovinos' (ASPACO; Sa~o Paulo State Association of Sheep Breeders). Response reliability was tested by means of random visits paid to 10.6% of the respondents. Most of the properties (89.5%) reported the presence of one or more ectoparasites. Screw-worm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) was the most frequent ectoparasite (72.5%), followed by bot fly larvae (Dermatobia hominis, 45.0%), ticks (Amblyomma cajennense) and Boophilus microplus, 31.3%) and finally lice (Damalinia ovis, 13.8%). Combined infestations also occurred, the most common one being screw-worm with bot fly larvae (36.0%) followed by bot fly larvae with ticks (13.9%), screw-worm with ticks (9.3%), bot fly larvae with lice (6.9%), and ticks with lice (5.0%). The most common triple combination was screw-worm, bot fly larvae and ticks (12.8%). Breeds raised for meat or wool were attacked by bot fly larvae and ticks more often than other breeds. Lice were only absent from animals of indigenous breeds. The relationships among these ectoparasites are discussed in terms of sheep breeds, flock size, seasonality and the ectoparasitic combinations on the host. 相似文献
16.
17.
Evaluation of biohydrogenation rate of canola vs. soya bean seeds as unsaturated fatty acids sources for ruminants in situ 
下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 S. Pashaei T. Ghoorchi A. Yamchi 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2016,100(2):211-216
An experiment was conducted to study disappearance of C14 to C18 fatty acids, lag times and biohydrogenation (BH) rates of C18 fatty acids of ground soya bean and canola seeds in situ. Three ruminally fistulated Dallagh sheep were used to determine ruminal BH of unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs). Differences in the disappearance of fatty acids through the bags and lag times were observed between the oilseeds. We saw that the longer the incubation time of the oilseeds in the rumen, the lower the content of C18:2 and C18:3. Significantly higher lag times for both C18:2 and C18:3 were observed in ground canola compared to ground soya bean. BH rates of C18:2 and C18:3 fatty acids in soya bean were three times higher than those of canola. These results suggest that the fatty acid profile of fat source can affect the BH of UFAs by rumen micro‐organisms. So that UFAs of canola had higher ability to escape from ruminal BH. It seems that fatty acid profile of ruminant products is more affected by canola seed compared to soya bean seed. 相似文献
18.
Serum biochemical values and the wet weight to dry weight ratios of tissues were determined in yaks in Shandan county of Gansu province. The liver, kidney, heart and muscle contents of seven elements in yaks were also analysed. Most serum biochemical values were similar to those of cattle, camels and sheep, but the calcium concentration was considerably above the normal range for other ruminants. The liver contained the highest concentrations of copper, manganese and cobalt and the kidney of selenium, iron and calcium.Abbreviations Alb
albumin
- ALT
alanine aminotransferase
- AST
aspartate aminotransferase
- BUN
blood urea nitrogen
- Chol
cholesterol
- Glob
globulin
- -GT
-glutamyl transpeptidase
- IP
inorganic phosphorus
- TP
total protein 相似文献
19.
正We are pleased to publish the second special issue on avian brood parasitism and to be responsible guest editors for the two special issues of Chinese Birds (Vol. 3, No. 4, 2012 and Vol. 4, No. 1, 2013), entitled "Avian Brood Parasitism - A Growing Research Area in Behavioral Ecology". The first issue was published in December 2012. The goal of the two special issues is to publish accumulated knowledge and some of the recent developments in 相似文献
20.
Tropical Animal Health and Production - 相似文献