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1.
本试验利用染色体银染技术，对纯隐性黑色互助猪，纯显性白色约克夏及其杂交一代，杂交二代和杂交三代的体细胞分别进行核仁区染色，并对结果进行统计分析，结果表明，猪的Ag-NORs平均数与毛色之间具有极强的正相关(r=0.945）。 相似文献
2.
沙乌头猪毛色纯黑,以产仔数多、繁殖力高而著称,属江海型猪种。2011年中国畜禽遗传资源猪志将沙乌头猪从太湖猪类群里面划出成为一个独立品种。对沙乌头猪的杂交利用一般以杜洛克、长白、大约克夏猪等外来品种为父本,以沙乌头猪为母本开展二元或三元杂交,鲜有地方猪种间的杂交。近年来,随着黑毛猪倍受市场青睐,在传统杜沙杂交生产商品代黑毛猪的同时,可利用我国地方种源多的优势,尝试开展不同地方猪种的杂交利用,了解商品代猪的生产性能差异,并为地方猪种今后的开发利用提供参考。 相似文献
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为研究地方品种哈萨克羊和引进品种特克赛尔羊的杂交效果，统计了哈萨克纯繁群和4种杂交组合(杂交F1代、杂交F2代、杂交F3代和横交1代)共计798只羔羊的初生重和2月龄体重/体尺以及哈萨克纯繁和3种杂交组合(杂交F1代、杂交F2代和横交1代)共计934只羔羊的4月龄体重/体尺，利用线性混合模型进行统计分析。杂交F2代和杂交F1代的羔羊初生重极显著高于纯繁，分别提高0.55 kg和0.46 kg;2月龄分析结果发现，杂交F2代羔羊的管围极显著高于纯繁、杂交F1代、杂交F3代和横交1代，胸宽显著高于纯繁，其中，杂交F2代羔羊的管围和胸宽比纯繁提高9.34%和9.87%；杂交F1代羔羊的管围显著高于纯繁；横交1代的管围显著高于纯繁和杂交F3代。4月龄分析结果发现，杂交F1代羔羊的体重、管围和... 相似文献
4.
为探究柯尔克孜羊♂×湖羊♀杂交F1代(简称柯湖杂交F1代)断奶公羔的育肥效果及屠宰性能，将其分别与杜湖杂交F1代、纯繁柯羊和纯繁湖羊进行比较。每个品种选用日龄和体重相近的30只断奶公羔，在相同条件下育肥60 d,测定分析体重和体尺变化，并在育肥试验结束后，每个品种选体重相近的5只羊进行屠宰试验，测定其屠宰性能。结果表明：柯湖杂交F1代育肥期平均日增重显著高于杜湖杂交F1代(P<0.05),且其总增重显著高于杜湖杂交F1代、纯繁柯羊和纯繁湖羊(P<0.05),料重比显著低于杜湖杂交F1代、纯繁柯羊和纯繁湖羊(P<0.05);柯湖杂交F1代屠宰率(54.76%)显著高于纯繁柯羊和纯繁湖羊(P<0.05),分别比杜湖杂交F1代、纯繁柯羊和纯繁湖羊提高了2.80%、9.15%和3.67%;柯湖杂交F1代尾脂重显著低于纯繁柯羊(P<0.05),减少了64.75%。经效益分析可知，柯湖杂交F1代育肥纯利润为335.95元/只，分别比杜湖杂交F1代、纯繁柯羊、纯繁湖羊提高了23.98%、28.62%和21.35%。综上，柯湖杂交F1代不仅能较大幅度提高肉羊的产肉性能，还... 相似文献
5.
互助八眉猪纯繁与杂交的繁殖性能研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了探索互助八眉猪利用方向,进一步保护、开发、利用好这一宝贵资源,青海省互助八眉猪原种育繁场对互助八眉猪纯繁及其与长白猪、大白猪、杜洛克猪3个外来优良品种杂交组合不同胎次的繁殖性能进行测定,结果表明,互助八眉猪无论是纯繁还是杂交,其繁殖性能各项指标第2胎至第10胎时仍然较高;3个杂交组合3～6胎繁殖性能无显著差异。互助八眉猪与3个外来优良猪种杂交,其产仔数多、产活率高、杂交优势明显、母猪利用年限长等优点都能得到稳定发挥。 相似文献
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滇陆猪是云南省第一个自主培育的品种,该品种具有产仔数高、泌乳力强、生长速度快、母性好、耐粗饲、抗病性强等优良特性,但其屠宰率、瘦肉率、肌肉品质等指标还有待于进一步选育提高。本项目着重对滇陆猪与白杜洛克、美系、台系3个品系杜洛克杂交F1代肉品质分析研究,通过屠宰率、肌肉嫩度、pH、系水率、熟肉率、肌肉颜色等指标测定,与滇陆猪纯繁对照分析,研究滇陆猪与不同品系杜洛克杂交F1代的肉品质差异。结果表明,滇陆猪与3个不同品系杜洛克杂交组合均表现出良好的杂交优势和胴体品质,屠宰测定结果也表明其具有胴体瘦肉率高、肉质好等优点,其中以台系杜洛克杂交组为最好,白杜洛克杂交组次之,美系居第三。 相似文献
8.
青海八眉猪杂交的繁殖性能研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了研究青海八眉猪的繁殖性能,对青海互助八眉猪保种场2011年春季八眉猪经产母猪纯繁和杂交的繁殖性能各指标进行了测定。结果显示:产仔数和产活仔数八眉猪纯繁组显著高于与长白、大白的杂交组(P<0.05);初生重杂交组显著高于八眉纯繁组(P<0.05),初生窝重杂交组虽比纯繁组有所提高,但各组之间差异不显著(P>0.05);21日龄重和21日龄窝重杂交组略高于纯繁组,但各组间差异不显著(P>0.05);断奶重和断奶窝重(长白×八眉)组和(大白×八眉)组最高,显著高于八眉猪纯繁组(P<0.05),但(长白×八眉)组与(大白×八眉)组之间差异不显著(P>0.05);断奶仔数八眉纯繁组略高于各杂交组,但各组间差异不显著(P>0.05)。 相似文献
9.
喻传洲 《动物科学与动物医学》2012,(1):96-96
1材料与方法
作者分析了河南豫鸣公司种猪场2001年至2009年期间的繁殖记录资料,对大白母猪用于纯繁以及与长白公猪杂交生产二元（父母代）时的窝总产仔数和窝活产仔数进行了差异最著性分析（即t检验）。 相似文献
10.
本文以纯种巴马香猪、野公猪与巴马香猪的杂交1代猪和大约克夏公猪与巴马香猪的杂交1代猪为研究对象,饲养至8月龄达45 kg左右屠宰,对比分析了不同猪种与巴马香猪的杂交1代商品猪的胴体品质和肉质性状相关指标。结果表明,不同猪种与巴马香猪杂交后代与纯种巴马香猪的屠宰性能相关指标差异不显著（P>0.05）;肉质性状相关指标除眼肌面积存在显著差异（P<0.05）外,其他指标均呈现差异不显著（P>0.05）;大约克夏公猪与巴马香猪杂交1代猪的肉色C值显著低于野公猪与巴马香猪杂交1代猪和纯种巴马香猪（P<0.05）。综合分析发现,采用杂交方式繁殖商品猪,对巴马香猪的胴体品质（如背膘厚）和肉质（眼肌面积）有一定的改良作用。 相似文献
11.
The number of donkeys and mules throughout the world is stable, and awareness of their use and concern for welfare, pain recognition and treatment are receiving increasing veterinary interest. Therefore, accurate information about anaesthesia and analgesia in donkeys and mules is important to ever more equine practitioners. Since donkeys are physiologically and pharmacologically different from horses, knowledge on species specific aspects of anaesthesia and analgesia are very important. Mules combine elements from both donkey and horse backgrounds, leading to great diversity in size, temperament and body type. Physiologically, they seem to resemble horses more than donkeys. This review highlights the current knowledge on various anaesthetic and analgesic approaches in donkeys and mules. There is still much information that is not available about donkeys; in many circumstances, the clinician must use available equine information to treat the patient, while monitoring carefully to observe for differences in response to therapy compared to the horse. 相似文献
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13.
The large intestine of 10 cows was examined from the right abdominal wall with a 3.5 MHz linear transducer. The cows were then slaughtered, and the organs were re-examined in a water bath. The caecum was visualised from the middle region of the abdominal wall. It ran caudo-cranially, varied in diameter from 5.2 to 18.0 cm and was situated immediately adjacent to the abdominal wall. The lateral wall of the caecum appeared as a thick, echogenic, crescent-shaped line. It could be visualised as far cranially as the 12th intercostal space. Although its junction could not be identified, the proximal ansa of the colon was recognised on the basis of its anatomical position and its diameter, which was smaller than that of the caecum. The spiral ansa of the colon and the descending colon were situated dorsal to the caecum and could be identified by moving the transducer horizontally along the abdominal wall to the last rib. The spiral ansa of the colon was situated ventral to the descending colon, and its walls appeared as thick echogenic lines. In a contracted state, the spiral colon had the appearance of a garland. 相似文献
14.
K Militzer 《DTW. Deutsche tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》1990,97(6):239-243
Ethological studies are important means to evaluate the behaviour of small laboratory animals (mouse, rat, guinea-pig and rabbit) and their housing conditions. At any rate, the only sparse range of body expressions, the smallness and preference of night activity of these animals and the erratic occurrence of essential behaviour patterns make the investigations more difficult. On the other hand, the standardization of laboratory housing and the genetic definition of these animals turn out to be favourable. By this way, behaviour-environment-relationships are suitable for evaluation. Taking into consideration methodical and biological restrictions, the specific activities such as fight, relaxed resting behaviour and play as well as unbalanced behaviour patterns and stereotypes can be taken as means of evaluation. Particularly in mice and rabbits, upright position and space consuming activities will be possibly restricted by cage sizes. 相似文献
15.
Effects of age and diet on the development of the pancreas and the synthesis and secretion of pancreatic enzymes in the young pig 总被引：17，自引：0，他引：17
Effects of age and diet composition on amylase, trypsin and chymotrypsin activities in the pancreas and intestinal contents, pancreas weights and body weights were determined from birth to 56 d. A total of 120 pigs, five to seven pigs/litter from 18 litters, were slaughtered at birth, 14, 27, 29, 31, 42 and 56 d. Litters were allotted to dietary treatments (corn-soy, A; corn-soy + 20% dried whey, B; corn-soy + 5% lard, C) and offered these diets as creep feed at 14 d. All pigs were weaned at 28 d, placed in elevated nursery pens and fed their respective diets. Total activities of amylase, trypsin and chymotrypsin in the pancreas and small intestine increased (P less than .05) with age. Both trypsin and amylase activities, measured per kilogram body weight or gram pancreas weight, were low at 29 d in the intestine and increased to 56 d. Pigs on diet B had the highest level of trypsin and chymotrypsin in the intestinal contents (P less than .05). Trypsin activity in the pancreas (units/kg body weight) was lowest (P less than .05) for pigs on diet B and highest (P less than .05) for those on diet C (units/g pancreas and units/kg body weight). Amylase activity (units/kg body weight) was lower (P less than .05) in the pancreas for pigs on diet B than for those on diets A and C. Pigs on diet A had lower (P less than .01) intestinal amylase activities than those on diets B and C. Enzyme activities in the intestinal contents and pancreas were low following weaning. In the pancreas, activities decreased at 31 d.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) 相似文献
16.
Blood and urine samples of 180 dairy cows from 12 herds were examined. Sodium and potassium concentrations were determined in erythrocytes, whole blood, plasma, urine, and glucose concentration in blood: the interrelations were compared. Sodium and potassium concentrations in erythrocytes were 85.15 +/- 11.45 mmol/l, and 25.93 +/- 7.81 mmol/l, respectively. A statistically significant relation was found between sodium and potassium concentrations in erythrocytes (r = 0.3467+++) and the content of electrolyte in blood cells and in whole blood (Na: r = 0.5336+++; K: r = 0.3561+++). No statistically significant relation of intraerythrocyte concentration of both electrolytes was confirmed with respect to the other characteristics (sodium and potassium concentrations in plasma and urine, and glucose concentration in blood). In the conditions of routine laboratory diagnostics in clinically healthy cows, determinations of intraerythrocyte sodium and potassium do not broaden possibilities of evaluating the metabolic state of these electrolytes and cannot be used as the characteristics of energy insufficiency. The cannot replace the analyses performed in serum and urine. 相似文献
17.
本文应用Ｆｏｒｔａｎａ—Ｍａｓｓｏｎ嗜银颗粒染色法研究了貉、蓝狐、银狐的胃及十二指肠内嗜银细胞的形态分布。结果表明：三种动物胃幽门腺中，嗜根细胞数量最多，呈锥状，嗜银颗粒较粗，密度大、染成深黑色。在胃底及胃贲门腺区、嗜银细胞数量少。在十二指肠部嗜银细胞呈蝌蚪形，嗜银颗粒细，呈黑褐色，密度较小。嗜银细胞的分布密度在三种动物中具有一定的差别。 相似文献
18.
The rate of flow of fluid from the caecum and from the large colon was measured in four Shetland-type ponies fed a hay diet. In two ponies with cannulas in the caecum and at the origin of the right ventral colon, a continuous intracaecal infusion of a solution of chromium EDTA was used and samples were obtained from the cannula at the origin of the right ventral colon. Based on four determinations, the liquid flow from the caecum was 54.2 +/- 1.89 litres d-1. In the other two ponies with cannulas in the origin of the right ventral colon and near the end of the right dorsal colon, a continuous infusion of chromium EDTA was made into the right ventral colon and samples were obtained from the right dorsal colon. The flow rate towards the end of the dorsal colon was 49.4 +/- 1.25 litres d-1, based on four determinations. The capacities of the caecum and large colon after death were 7.0 +/- 0.8 and 17.7 +/- 3.7 litres, respectively. 相似文献
19.
L R Whalen T L Spurgeon R E Carsten D H Gould 《American journal of veterinary research》1986,47(5):1063-1070
The maximal conduction velocities of compound-action potentials in the proximal and distal parts of the saphenous nerve were determined by averaging potentials evoked and recorded through needle electrodes. Antidromic, triphasic compound-action potentials unipolarly recorded from the distal part of the saphenous nerve were of the same minimal latency as potentials having 4 phases which were recorded bipolarly from the same site. However, the unipolarly recorded potentials were of greater amplitude. Monophasic compound-action potentials were recorded through bipolar chlorided silver electrodes from the surface of fascicles of the distal part of the saphenous nerve. The maximal conduction velocity of these potentials was in agreement with the conduction velocity of compound-action potentials of the distal part of the saphenous nerve which were evoked and recorded through subcutaneous needle electrodes. The specificities of the stimulating and recording sites were verified by recording before and after the saphenous nerve was cut between the stimulating and recording sites. Mean conduction velocities were 62.3 +/- 2.0 m/s for the distal part of the saphenous nerve and 66.3 +/- 2.2 m/s for the proximal part of the saphenous nerve. Reflex-evoked muscle activity was elicited in the ipsilateral tensor muscle of the fascia lata and semimembranous muscle after electrical stimulation of the saphenous nerve through subcutaneous needle electrodes. The effects of various stimulus intensities on the latency and duration of these reflex-evoked muscle potentials were determined. 相似文献