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鸡胚胎性腺发生发育的研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
由原始性腺分化为卵巢或睾丸的变化规律是：孵化3.5-5天，迁移入原始性腺内PGCs，其胞质内的糖原颗粒逐渐崩解；孵化第6天，性腺显示为卵巢或睾丸的特征，PGCs的糖原颗粒进一步崩解，鸡胚性腺开始分化；孵化第7天，性腺分化更为明显，PGCs胞质内糖原颗粒完全消失，细胞分化为卵原细胞或精原细胞；孵化第10-11天，卵巢明显区分为皮、髓质部，皮质部外区有大量增殖的卵原细胞群，呈共质体--合成体结构。卵原细胞已发育为初级卵母细胞的核网期。睾化第13天，卵巢皮质部变大，卵巢皮质部变大，髓质部变小。睾丸曲精细胞索的支持细胞增多，孵化第14-15天，卵巢皮质部出现原始卵泡，数量逐渐增多。睾丸内支持细胞进一步增多，间质细胞数达最多，成群分布在间质内；孵化第16-18天，雌性左侧卵巢皮质部外层的卵泡数量多，大小不一，呈有腔卵泡样结构；右侧性腺退化，似睾丸样结构。在雄性两侧睾丸，右侧稍大于左侧；精原细胞在曲精细索内数量地多达3层（18天）支持细胞在进一步增多，间质细胞分布稀疏。 相似文献
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多氯联苯对鸡胚睾丸结构的损伤作用 总被引：5，自引：3，他引：2
选用海兰鸡作为实验动物 ,研究了多氯联苯 (polychlorinated biphenyl,PCB)对鸡胚胎期性腺发育和生殖细胞分化的影响。在入孵前将多氯联苯商业混合物 Aroclor 12 5 4花生油制剂注入海兰种蛋卵黄内 ,试验 、 、 组剂量分别为 1、10、10 0 μg/枚 ,体积为 10 0 μL,对照组注射等体积花生油 ,统计分析死亡率和孵化率 ,并取出新出壳雏鸡的性腺进行组织学观察。结果表明 ,雄性雏鸡的睾丸结构发生明显改变 ,与对照组相比 ,其横截面积、精细管直径和精细管面积占睾丸横截面积的百分比显著降低。在 组 ,雄性雏鸡的大部分精细管降解甚至消失 ,其睾丸内精细胞的分化受到了不同程度的抑制 ,几乎所有生殖细胞都发生了核固缩和胞质空泡化 ,而在 、 组则只有散在的发生。本试验结果表明 ,PCB干扰鸡胚性腺的发育 ,并具有抑制禽类睾丸发育和精原细胞分化的作用。 相似文献
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采用连续切片法进行鸡胚胎显微观察,研究寿光鸡原始生殖细胞（PGCs）形态和分布规律。试验结果表明,PGCs在迁移过程中出现3次聚集高峰。第1次是在孵化19～22 h时聚集在生殖新月处;第2次是在孵化48～55 h时聚集在心脏和背主动脉中;第3次是孵化4~5 d时的生殖嵴中。生殖新月区的PGCs呈不规整的圆形或卵圆形,细胞内含有大量的糖原颗粒,血液中PGCs呈规整的圆形。性腺中PGCs呈圆形或卵圆形,有伪足。胞核均呈圆形或椭圆形,偏向细胞边缘。细胞直径为10~22.5 μm,细胞核的大小均为7.5 μm左右。 相似文献
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1引言家禽性别控制研究包括性别决定、性别分化、性别鉴定、性别诱导和性别控制等方面。性别决定与分化本质的发现是家禽性别研究的重要基础,对鸡胚性别的早期鉴定是对性腺基因研究的重要内容。鸡的睾丸和卵巢是由共同的原始生殖细胞(primordialgermcellsPGCs)发育而来。种蛋孵化67h(性腺分化期)中肾开始参与性腺的形成。鸡胚发育的开始阶段,约至5d左右,生殖脊还是中性的性腺,此时雄性和雌性的生殖器官在形态上未发生分化。无性阶段之后(5d之后),雄性和雌性性腺逐渐发生分化。至6～7d,雄性性腺开始睾丸的分化,雌性性腺也开始出现卵巢的分… 相似文献
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为了研究日粮中添加纳米硒时公羊睾丸发育的影响.试验选用体重、日龄接近的20只波尔山羊公羔羊,随机分为两组,一组日粮中添加0.3 mg/kg的纳米硒(以硒计),另一组饲喂基础日粮,预试2周,试验期每月测量睾丸周径、长度和高度,每组阉割1只公羔,按照常规方法制作石蜡切片,观察睾丸组织结构.结果显示:3月龄时纳米硒组睾丸间质组织增生发育,4月龄时纳米硒组睾丸曲精细管中精原细胞开始发育分化;5月龄时曲精细管中可见大量的精子,而时照组间质组织以及曲精细管发育、精母细胞发育分化较纳米硒组缓慢.试验表明,日粮中添加一定浓度的纳米硒能够促进睾丸间质组织及曲精细管的发育,促进精母细胞的分化. 相似文献
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为了研究日粮中添加纳米硒对公羊睾丸发育的影响,试验选用体重、日龄接近的20只波尔山羊公羔羊随机分2组,1组日粮中添加0.3mg/kg的纳米硒(以硒计),另一组饲喂基础日粮,预试2周,试验期每月测量睾丸周径、长度和高度,每组阉割1只公羔,按照常规方法制作石蜡切片,观察睾丸组织结构。结果显示,3月龄时纳米硒组睾丸间质组织增生发育,4月龄时纳米硒组睾丸曲精细管中精原细胞开始发育分化;5月龄时曲精细管中可见大量的精子,而对照组间质组织以及曲精细管发育、精母细胞发育分化较纳米硒组缓慢。试验表明,日粮中添加一定浓度的纳米硒能够促进睾丸间质组织及曲精细管的发育,促进精母细胞的分化。 相似文献
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仔猪睾丸间质细胞增殖和发育的组织学观察 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对１￣４周龄仔猪睾丸间质细胞的形态学发育进行了光镜和电镜观察。光交易结果表明：随仔猪年龄增长，间质细胞总数明显增多，到第３周时达到高峰，第４周龄时出现下降趋势，该细胞的密度随其总数的增多而逐渐增加，周围曲精细管逐渐发育成形，至３周龄时与间质组织界限已渐明确，至第４周龄时，部分间质细胞开始退化，而使数量减少。 相似文献
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DS Martins CE Ambrósio NZ Saraiva CV Wenceslau AC Morini I Kerkis JM Garcia MA Miglino 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2011,46(1):e62-e66
Previously, three distinct populations of putative primordial germ cells (PGCs), namely gonocytes, intermediate cells and pre‐spermatogonia, have been described in the human foetal testis. According to our knowledge, these PGCs have not been studied in any other species. The aim of our study was to identify similar PGC populations in canine embryos. First, we develop a protocol for canine embryo isolation. Following our protocol, 15 canine embryos at 21–25 days of pregnancy were isolated by ovaryhysterectomy surgery. Our data indicate that dramatic changes occur in canine embryo development and PGCs specification between 21 to 25 days of gestation. At that moment, only two PGC populations with distinct morphology can be identified by histological analyses. Cell population 1 presented round nuclei with prominent nucleolus and a high nuclear to cytoplasm ratio, showing gonocyte morphology. Cell population 2 was often localized at the periphery of the testicular cords and presented typical features of PGC. Both germ cell populations were positively immunostained with anti‐human OCT‐4 antibody. However, at day 25, all cells of population 1 reacted positively with OCT‐4, whereas in population 2, fewer cells were positive for this marker. These two PGCs populations present morphological features similar to gonocytes and intermediate cells from human foetal testis. It is expected that a population of pre‐spermatogonia would be observed at later stages of canine foetus development. We also showed that anti‐human OCT‐4 antibody can be useful to identify canine PGC in vivo. 相似文献
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本试验旨在研究胚胎期大鼠性腺生长与分化的情况。选取12.5~15.5 dpc SD大鼠胚胎为研究对象,运用PCR技术进行大鼠胚胎性别鉴定,采用H-E技术对大鼠性腺分化形态进行观察。结果表明:12.5 d的鼠胚肾管已经开始形成,生殖嵴已经建立,此时仍无明显的性别分化形态;13.5 d的鼠胚开始出现性别分化的迹象,雄性的原始性索开始形成,雌性性腺分化比雄性稍晚,此期仍不易辨别出典型的卵巢特征结构;14.5 d的鼠胚性腺形态初步成型,此期性别明显分化,雄性的原始性索开始分化为实心原始生精小管,雌性胚胎中性腺分为两层,初步形成卵巢特征;15.5 d的鼠胚,雄性胚胎性腺中已经具有明显的曲精小管的雏形,雌性胚胎卵巢特征也开始明显。大鼠胚胎性腺从13.5 d胚龄时开始分化,15.5 d胚龄性腺特征明显。 相似文献
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The mechanism underlying the process of normal testicular descent in the dog has been examined by a morphological, histological and histochemical analysis of testis and gubernaculum during the period from the 53rd day post coitum (p. c.) until the 40th day post partum (p. p.). Within this period, the testis passes the inguinal canal on the third or fourth day p. p. and reaches its scrotal location on the 35th day p. p. During the entire period the histological composition of the testis (volume percentage of seminiferous tubules, volume percentage of Leydig cells, diameter of seminiferous tubules, number of germ cells) is fairly constant. The △5 -3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity in the Leydig cells before birth suggests a steroid synthesis. Outgrowth and swelling of the gubernaculum occurs until the fifth day p. p. but morphological, histological and histochemical data indicate an onset of gubernacular regression during the last phase of the outgrowth reaction. The migration of the testis from the caudal end of the kidney towards the inguinal canal is associated with the outgrowth of the gubernaculum; during the phase of gubernacular regression, the testis moves from the inguinal canal towards its ultimate location in the scrotal pouch. 相似文献
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以新生犊牛睾丸为实验对象,应用组合酶法进行支持细胞分离培养,并研究了冷冻保存后支持细胞的生长特性。结果表明:在细胞分离时,消化睾丸组织,分离曲细精管法所获得的细胞悬液中的有效细胞数高于组织剪碎法。支持细胞体外培养,4 h后开始贴壁,3~4 d铺满培养皿底壁,传代后细胞生长较快,2 d即可增殖一代。HE染色,胞质染色较淡,而细胞核染色较深,呈圆形或椭圆形位于细胞质中央或偏位,核仁明显。采用10%FBS+10%DMSO的DMEM液做冷冻液,对细胞进行冷冻保存时,支持细胞的复苏率在65%以上。解冻后的支持细胞体外培养,4h开始有细胞贴壁,24h后大部分细胞贴壁,3~4d铺满培养皿底壁。 相似文献
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大鼠实验性脾虚证动物模型糖原和琥珀酸脱氢酶的组织化学研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为了研究脾虚证时组织化学的变化及四君子汤对其的影响,选用Wistar大鼠,以利血平复制脾虚证动物模型,实验设正常对照组、脾虚组、脾虚治疗组,每组15只,于第7d、第14d分别扑杀各组动物,取肝脏、十二指肠、胃和肌肉组织,分别应用PAS法和Lojda法染色,组织学半定量法观察糖原和琥珀酸脱氢酶的变化。实验结果表明:第7d时,脾虚组和脾虚治疗组肝脏和肌肉组织中的糖原含量显著低于对照组(P<0.01),各组织中琥珀酸脱氢酶含量则显著高于对照组(P<0.01);第14d时,脾虚组糖原含量反而显著高于对照组和脾虚治疗组(P<0.05～0.01),琥珀酸脱氢酶含量仍明显高于对照组和脾虚治疗组(P<0.050.01)。说明脾虚证的病理变化过程与机体糖原和琥珀酸脱氢酶等的组织化学变化有一定的联系,健脾益气方剂四君子汤对脾虚证模型大鼠的组织学变化有较好的调节作用。 相似文献
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Andrea Oliveira Rocha & Foresti 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2001,118(2):125-133
The karyotype, the histological structure of the testis and the synaptonemal complex (SC) of the mammalian species Tayassu tajacu , Tayassu pecari and of an interspecific male hybrid captured in nature were analysed. The specimens of T. tajacu (2n=30) and T. pecari (2n=26) exhibited seminiferous tubules with germ cells in all spermatogenesis stages. In the SC studies both species had a regular structure, easily identified in the autosomes and in the sex chromosomes. The hybrid (2n=28) had seminiferous tubules with almost all germinal cells in the spermatogonium stage and only a few cells in the primary spermatocyte stage. Gross abnormalities in SC were observed. A few lateral elements showed regular or partially regular synapsis, other lateral elements were synapsed as multivalents, and most axial elements remained unsynapsed. The results suggest that the karyotypes of the parental species have sufficient differentiation to avoid chromosome synapsis. Alternatively, the hypothesis of the existence of genetic incompatibilities between the parental species is discussed. 相似文献
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B E Eilts R D Pechman H W Taylor E A Usenik 《American journal of veterinary research》1989,50(8):1361-1364
To study testicular ultrasonographic features, unilateral testicular artery ligation was performed in 12 bucks to induce predictable ischemic necrosis of the testis. Both scrotal testes then were scanned subsequently on days 1, 3, 5, 7, 15, and 30. On each of the designated days, 2 bucks each were castrated and the excised testes were rescanned outside the scrotum before gross and histologic examinations. In each goat, the testis without the ligated artery served as a control. Gross and histopathologic findings in the testis were compared with ultrasonographic observations. As the study progressed from day 0 to day 15, visually and microscopically, the testis involved in the testicular artery ligation had edema that changed to areas of peripheral necrosis with thickening of the testicular capsule. On day 30, the affected testis had granulation tissue in the areas that previously had been necrotic. Ultrasonographically, the testicular changes were consistent with the gross and histopathologic findings. There were areas of decreased echogenicity that corresponded to the necrotic areas and foci of high echogenicity that corresponded to areas of tubular mineralization. On day 30, the granulation tissue was difficult to differentiate ultrasonographically from normal testicular parenchyma. Between days 3 and 15, hydrocele was seen ultrasonographically in several goats. The excellent association between ultrasonographic findings and gross and histologic changes suggested that testicular ultrasonography might be a valuable diagnostic tool for assessing testicular disease in domestic animals. 相似文献
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