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1.
在生产过程中,杂草会极大影响蓖麻的品质和产量。随着生物技术与基因编辑系统的出现,为实现蓖麻抗除草剂的定向育种带来了可能。为了提高蓖麻抗草铵膦除草剂的能力,以‘通蓖5号’大穗型蓖麻为实验材料,利用根癌农杆菌介导法将bar基因遗传转化蓖麻子叶节,研究了农杆菌菌液侵染浓度、共培养时间和Basta筛选浓度对遗传转化效率的影响。结果表明：当农杆菌菌液浓度OD600=0.7时,侵染15 min,共培养3 d,用1 mg/L的Basta进行抗性筛选时,遗传转化效率最高。生根后移栽的转化子经PCR检测和200 mg/L的Basta除草剂叶片涂抹检测,初步证明抗草铵膦基因bar已成功整合到蓖麻基因组中,得到具有草铵膦抗性的转基因蓖麻植株。 相似文献
2.
Bar基因的亚麻花粉管通道法转化 总被引：5，自引：4，他引：1
[研究目的]为鉴定T1代转基因亚麻植株中抗除草剂基因(bar)整合是否成功。[方法]通过花粉管通道法将bar基因导入转化植株,以叶片涂抹法对T1代转化植株进行田间草丁膦最低致死浓度筛选;以最低致死浓度草丁膦进行田间喷施后筛选耐受草丁膦药液的抗性植株,并用PCR检测bar基因阳性的抗性植株数目。[结果]草丁膦对T1代转化植株的最低致死浓度为100 mg/L。得到耐受草丁膦药液的抗性植株44株,PCR检测结果表明,8株为PCR阳性植株,平均转化率为18.2%。[结论]花粉管通道法将bar基因成功转入亚麻基因组。 相似文献
3.
4.
《分子植物育种》2015,(9)
本研究通过农杆菌介导玉米茎尖遗传转化法将含有花粉特异启动子Zm13驱动的Gene-deletor外源基因清除系统、表达元件Ubi-Zm SDD1-3'UTR、Actin-Bt-NOS和Ubi-Bar::GUS-3'UTR的植物表达载体遗传转化玉米交51,经过除草剂初步筛选、GUS组织化学染色和PCR分子鉴定,获得31株转基因植株。研究表明转基因植株比野生型植株具有更强抗旱性、抗玉米螟能力和抗除草剂草丁膦的能力。抗旱性鉴定表明干旱处理后转基因植株的存活率比野生型高70%,同时,转基因植株的叶片保水性显著高于野生型植株。抗虫性试验表明转基因植株的叶片蛀孔少而小,对玉米螟具有明显抗性,还抑制了玉米螟的取食和发育。叶片离体和田间抗除草剂试验表明转基因植株比野生型能够抵抗更高的除草剂浓度,最高可抵抗150 mg/L草丁膦浓度。同时,在统计的20株转基因玉米植株的基因删除效率时发现部分植株可完全清除玉米中的外源基因,对于未完全清除的玉米植株还需要进一步研究。本研究创制了一种抗虫、抗除草剂、抗旱的复合性状转基因玉米新种质,可为培育多性状叠加的转基因玉米新品种奠定基础,同时结合"Gene-deletor"技术,为实现转基因生物安全提供技术支撑。 相似文献
5.
为评价玉米ZmPHYA1基因在棉花种质资源改良中的价值,本研究利用农杆菌介导法在陆地棉(Gossypium hirsutum)R15材料中进行了玉米ZmPHYA1基因的遗传转化。经过愈伤组织诱导、抗性愈伤筛选、体细胞分化诱导后获得棉花转基因再生植株。通过田间草铵膦除草剂筛选鉴定抗性植株,并利用PCR扩增其草铵膦抗性基因和目的基因ZmPHYA1进行分子鉴定,发现阳性植株对草铵膦除草剂具较好抗性,并可扩增到256 bp的草铵膦抗性基因和217 bp ZmPHYA1基因的特异条带。进一步通过免疫印迹检测表明,3个不同转基因株系中外源ZmPHYA1基因可正常表达约170 kD大小的蛋白,且在不同组织中该外源蛋白均可正常表达。此外,对转基因植株的不同农艺性状分析表明,转基因株系株高明显低于受体对照,而铃重和纤维长度等性状无明显差异。本研究成功获得具有草铵膦抗性和外源ZmPHYA1基因的棉花新种质材料,为进一步利用光敏色素基因创新种质资源提供了材料来源。 相似文献
6.
采用花粉管通道法将ATNCED3基因转入优良玉米自交系昌7-2,在T0代植株三叶期喷洒浓度为200mg/L草铵膦除草剂进行抗性筛选,共得到5株草铵膦抗性植株。对这5株草铵膦抗性植株进行PCR、PCR-Southern及RT-PCR检测,结果表明5株均为阳性植株,初步证明外源目的基因已整合到玉米基因组中,并得到表达。在干旱条件下初步比较了对照和转基因株系叶片的相对含水量、脯氨酸含量,相对电导率等生理生化指标,结果表明,转基因株系各种指标均好于对照,暗示其抗旱性有所提高。 相似文献
7.
《分子植物育种》2016,(7)
采用"成熟胚原位转化法"用带有质粒p Cambia2300-Lcchyb-bar的根癌农杆菌C58,侵染玉米芽尖生长点,将chyb基因转入玉米优良品系7922中。T0代植株不进行筛选,T1代植株用浓度为250 mg/L草铵膦筛选,存活植株进行PCR和RT-PCR检测,T1代获得24株阳性植株。T2代植株用500 mg/L草铵膦筛选,PCR阳性植株HPLC分析结果表明转基因植株总类胡萝卜素含量较野生型显著提高,其中玉米黄质含量提高了55.81%。转基因玉米叶片净光合速率明显高于野生型。本研究初步证明目的基因chyb已经成功整合到玉米基因组中,为进一步验证chyb基因在玉米中的功能,以及通过基因工程获得高品质的玉米种质资源奠定基础。 相似文献
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9.
为了获得同时具备抗虫和抗除草剂特性的甘蓝型油菜新种质材料,以湘油15下胚轴为外植体,将人工合成的抗虫融合基因cry1ab/ac与带有草铵膦抗性基因bar的植物表达载体pFGC5941连接,构建了植物表达载体pFGC-Bt。利用农杆菌介导油菜下胚轴遗传转化体系,将载体pFGC-Bt转入到油菜品种湘油15愈伤组织中。经愈伤组织分化和植株再生,获得了7株T0转基因植株。分株收获这7株转基因油菜的种子,种于花盆中,用除草剂basta喷洒,对存活下来的植株用检测引物进行PCR检测。挑选11株2个基因检测结果都呈现阳性的植株,进行Cry1Ab/Ac蛋白双抗体夹心免疫层析技术检测,在这11株油菜中都检测到了Cry1Ab/Ac蛋白。进行转基因油菜抗菜粉蝶幼虫(菜青虫)的离体鉴定,以非转基因湘油15为对照,结果显示,啃食了转基因油菜叶片的菜青虫停止运动和生长,大概7 d后陆续死亡,而非转基因油菜叶片上的菜青虫表现正常,3 d后叶片基本被其啃食干净。饲喂鉴定结果表明,转抗虫融合基因cry1ab/ac油菜对菜青虫具有明显抗性。得到了同时具有菜青虫和草铵膦双抗性的转基因植株,且抗性显著,为油菜的抗性育种提供了新的材料。 相似文献
10.
CspB基因植物表达载体的构建及转化玉米自交系的研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
利用来自Bacillus subtilis细菌的CspB基因(Gene ID:936224)构建了Ubiquitin启动子驱动的CspB基因植物表达载体PBPC-CspB-bar,以bar基因为抗性筛选标记,通过花粉管通道法将构建的表达载体转化到玉米自交系京501、京517和吉444,通过喷洒除草剂筛选得到60株草丁膦抗性植株,用PCR检测得到48株bar基因阳性植株,将获得的转基因植株进行CspB基因PCR鉴定,获得13株同时整合CspB和bar的转基因株系。 相似文献
11.
Jens Jensen 《Euphytica》1979,28(1):47-56
Summary The high-lysine gene in Risø mutant 1508 conditions an increased lysine content in the endosperm via a changed protein composition, a decreased seed size, and several other characters of the seed. The designation lys3a, lys3b, and lys3c, is proposed for the allelic high-lysine genes in three Risø mutants, nos 1508, 18, and 19. Linkage studies with translocations locate the lys3 locus in the centromere region of chromosome 7. A linkage study involving the loci lys3 and ddt (resistance to DDT) together with the marker loci fs (fragile stem), s (short rachilla hairs), and r (smooth awn) show that the order of the five loci on chromosome 7 from the long to the short chromosome arm is r, s, fs, lys3, ddt. The distance from locus r to locus ddt is about 100 centimorgans. 相似文献
12.
G. H. Kroon 《Euphytica》1994,76(1-2):125-125
Summary
K x vadensis is a hybrid of K. blossfeldiana and K. marmorata obtained after doubling the number of chromosomes. 相似文献
13.
Hongyan WEI Jian ZHOU Jinguang LU Jingzheng SONG Qiongxi YU Zhihong JIANG 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):27-29
[Objectives]This study aimed to establish a QAMS(quantitative analysis of multi-components by single-marker)method for simultaneous determination of four phenol... 相似文献
14.
Summary Avoidance of rust fungi that was based on poor appressorium induction was previously found in Hordeum chilense. In the present study 95 accessions of Triticeae were screened for avoidance of Puccinia hordei. The percentage of appressorium formation per germinated spore ranged from 6 to 90%. On none of the 41 accessions of Aegilops, Agropyron, Elymus, Secale, Thinopyrum or Triticum studied was the rate of appressorium formation lower than 25%. Lower rates of appressorium formation were, however, found on accessions of wild barley species Hordeum brachyantherum, H. marinum, H. parodii and H. secalinum. Its implications in cereal breeding are discussed. 相似文献
15.
D. A. Bond G. J. Jellis G. G. Rowland J. Le Guen L. D. Robertson S. A. Khalil L. Li-Juan 《Euphytica》1993,73(1-2):151-166
Progress is being made, mainly by ICARDA but also elsewhere, in breeding for resistance to Botrytis, AScochyta, Uromyces, and Orobanche; and some lines have resistance to more than one pathogen. The strategy is to extend multiple resistance but also to seek new and durable forms of resistance. Internationally coordinated programs are needed to maintain the momentum of this work.Tolerance of abiotic stresses leads to types suited to dry or cold environments rather than broad adaptability, but in this cross-pollinated species, the more hybrid vigor expressed by a cultivar, the more it is likely to tolerate various stresses. 相似文献
16.
Chunli TANG Fengxian ZHAO Hongxia CHEN Jiabao MA Jiangcun WEI Meiyan QIU Zhen XIE 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):60-65
[Objectives]To optimize the water extraction process of Chinese Herbal Compound Man Gan Ning and establish a method for its extraction and content determination... 相似文献
17.
E. Keep 《Euphytica》1986,35(3):843-855
Summary Cytoplasmic male sterility (cms) is described in the F1 hybrids Ribes × carrierei (R. glutinosum albidum × R. nigrum) and R. sanguineum × R. nigrum. In backcrosses to R. nigrum, progenies with R. glutinosum cytoplasm were either all male sterile, or segregated for full male fertility (F) and complete (S) and partial (I) male sterility. Ratios of F:I+S suggested that two linked genes controlled cms, F plants being dominant for one (Rf
1) and recessive for the other (Rf
2).Segregation for cms in relation to three linded genes, Ce (resistance to the gall mite, Cecidophyopsis ribes), Sph
3(resistance to American gooseberry mildew, Sphaerotheca mors-uvae) and Lf
1(one of two dominant additive genes controlling early season leafing out) indicated that Rf
1and Rf
2were in this linkage group. The gene order and approximate crossover values appeared to be: % MathType!MTEF!2!1!+-% feaafiart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn% hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXafv3ySLgzGmvETj2BSbqef0uAJj3BZ9Mz0bYu% H52CGmvzYLMzaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqr1ngBPrgifHhDYfgasa% acOqpw0xe9v8qqaqFD0xXdHaVhbbf9v8qqaqFr0xc9pk0xbba9q8Wq% Ffea0-yr0RYxir-Jbba9q8aq0-yq-He9q8qqQ8frFve9Fve9Ff0dme% aabaqaciGacaGaamqadaabaeaafaaakeaacaWGdbGaamyzamaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGWaGaaiOlaiaacgdacaGG0aGaaiiiaiaacc% caaaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaamOuaiaadAgaliaaigdakmaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaaccdacaGGUaGaaiOmaiaacs% dacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaaaacaWGsbGaamOzaSGa% aGOmaOWaaWaaaeaacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacc% cacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccaaaGaamitaiaadAgaliaaigdakmaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacc% cacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaaaaiaadofacaWGWbGaamiAaSGa% aG4maaaa!6E4D!\[Ce\underline { 0.14 } Rf1\underline { 0.24 } Rf2\underline { } Lf1\underline { } Sph3\]. Crossover values of 0.36 for Ce-Lf
1, and 0.15 for Lf
1-Sph
3were estimated from the relative mean differences in season of leafing out between seedlings dominant and recessive for Ce and Sph
3.It is suggested that competitive disadvantage of lf
1-carrying gametes and/or zygotes at low temperatures may be implicated in the almost invariable deficit of plants dominant for the closely linked mildew resistance allele Sph
3. Poor performance of lf
1- (and possibly lf
2-) carrying gametes and young zygotes during periods of low temperature at flowering might also account for the liability of some late season cultivars and selections to premature fruit drop (running off). 相似文献
18.
[Objectives] To determine the optimum extraction technology for total phenols of leaves in Acanthopanax giraldii Harms.[Methods]The single factor test and ortho... 相似文献
19.
Summary Apple and pear pollen was irradiated with doses of 0, 50, 100, 250 and 500 krad (gamma rays) and stored at 4°C and 0–10% r.h. From the in-vitro germination percentages an average LD 50 dose of about 220 krad was estimated. For both irradiated and untreated pollen a close and corresponding lineair relationship existed between germination percentage and pollen tube growth.Irradiated pollen was much more sensitive to dry storage conditions than untreated pollen, resulting in less germination and more bursting. Apparently, irradiation caused the pollen cell membrane to lose its flexibility faster than normal. Rehydration of dry-stored, irradiated pollen in water-saturated air restored germination percentages up to their initial levels. The importance of this procedure in germination trials is stressed. 相似文献
20.
Parasitic angiosperms cause great losses in many important crops under different climatic conditions and soil types. The most widespread and important parasitic angiosperms belong to the genera Orobanche, Striga, and Cuscuta. The most important economical hosts belong to the Poaceae, Asteraceae, Solanaceae, Cucurbitaceae, and Fabaceae. Although some resistant cultivars have been identified in several crops, great gaps exist in our knowledge of the parasites and the genetic basis of the resistance, as well as the availability of in vitro screening techniques. Screening techniques are based on reactions of the host root or foliage. In vitro or greenhouse screening methods based on the reaction of root and/or foliar tissues are usually superior to field screenings and can be used with many species. To utilize them in plant breeding, it is necessary to demonstrate a strong correlation between in vitro and field data. The correlation should be calculated for every environment in which selection is practiced. Using biochemical analysis as a screening technique has had limited success. The reason seems to be the complex host-parasite interactions which lead to germination, rhizotropism, infection, and growth of the parasite. Germination results from chemicals produced by the host. Resistance is only available in a small group of crops. Resistance has been found in cultivated, primitive and wild forms, depending on the specific host-parasite system. An additional problem is the existence of pathotypes in the parasites. Inheritance of host resistance is usually polygenic and its transfer is slow and tedious. Molecular techniques have yet to be used to locate resistance to parasitic angiosperms. While intensifying the search for genes that control resistance to specific parasitic angiosperms, the best strategy to screen for resistance is to improve the already existing in vitro or greenhouse screening techniques. 相似文献