共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 328 毫秒
1.
为筛选出对新棒恙螨有趋避、杀灭效果的中药并评测当前使用广泛的化学药物的杀螨效果,通过提取中药材的有效成分,制成含生药50%的不含乙醇的药液,在96孔细胞板中使药液与螨虫充分接触后,计算并统计全部螨虫的死亡时间;将化学药物稀释为1∶600、1∶1 000、1∶1 500和1∶2 000四个浓度,使药液与螨虫充分接触,计算并统计全部螨虫的死亡时间。结果显示:化学药物组中,哒螨灵的平均杀螨时间最短,其次为敌敌畏、辛硫磷,杀螨时间最长为敌百虫,建议在实际生产中可用哒螨灵取代毒性大的敌敌畏等作为室外喷洒用药;中药组中,丁香和艾叶杀螨效果最好,杀螨时间分别为0.3 h和0.6 h,丁香和艾叶可进一步研制作为长期使用且对人、畜禽和环境无害的杀螨药物。 相似文献
2.
将兔疥螨幼虫置于聚苯乙烯小平皿中，分别加入不同浓度的印楝油液体名蜡溶液，以天然除虫菊酯和阿维菌素为阳性对照，蒸馏水和液体石蜡为阴性对照，观察记录不同时间段的螨虫死亡数，以死亡率、半数致死时间（LT50）和半数致死浓度（LC50）为指标评价了印楝油对兔疥螨幼虫的离体杀螨活性。结果显示，未稀释的印楝油能在25min内杀死所有幼螨，其杀螨活性显著强于500g／L的天然除虫菊酯（825min，P〈0．01），而与25g／L的阿维菌素无显著差异（19min，P〉0．05）；500、250和125mL／L印楝油对兔疥螨幼虫的LT50分别为1、2、5h；24h的LC50和LC95分别为2．908和12．018mL／L。结果证实，印楝油对兔疥螨幼虫具有较好的离体杀螨活性。 相似文献
3.
4.
5.
6.
鸡皮刺螨是中小型蛋鸡场常见的一种体外寄生虫，以往养殖户都采用有机磷农药或其他兽药进行防控，对人畜有一定的毒副作用。为验证球孢白僵菌对鸡皮刺螨的临床应用效果，对患病鸡群分别采用球孢白僵菌和辛硫磷进行杀虫效果对比试验。结果 A组（球孢白僵菌组）用药后5 d、10 d、15 d和20 d时螨虫减少率分别为59.6%、74.1%、76.6%和82.7%,B组（辛硫磷组）用药后5 d、10 d、15 d、20 d时螨虫减少率分别为86.8%、85.2%、85.4%和75.1%，两组在用药后10 d、15 d、20 d时螨虫减少对比无明显差异。结果显示球孢白僵菌对鸡皮刺螨具有较好驱杀效果。 相似文献
7.
为了解河南地区鸡螨虫病中的常见感染种类，试验采集了河南10个地区阳性蛋鸡场样品，采用形态学鉴定及基于鸡皮刺螨的18 S rRNA基因序列进行PCR扩增。结果显示：新乡市、开封市、平顶山市等8个地区采集8个阳性鸡场的样品虫体呈椭圆形，前端有长的口器，后部稍宽，肛板呈圆三角形，符合鸡皮刺螨的形态特征；在新乡市原阳县和周口市商水县白寺镇采集2个阳性鸡场样品虫体细长，整体小于鸡皮刺螨，肛板位于腹部末端，呈泪滴状，符合林禽刺螨形态特征；河南地区流行的鸡皮刺螨与日本LC034951.1基因序列相似性达100%，林禽刺螨和法国的FN646503.1基因序列相似性达98.72%。表明鸡皮刺螨和林禽刺螨已经在河南省蛋鸡中出现感染和分布。 相似文献
8.
采用浸杀方式分别比较了印楝油石油醚、氯仿和乙酸乙酯溶剂提取物的杀螨活性,并测定了活性和得率高的溶剂提取物对兔疥螨幼虫的离体毒力,应用互补重对数模型对毒力测定数据进行分析。结果表明:印楝油石油醚、氯仿和乙酸乙酯溶剂提取物的得率分别为56.82%、25.36%和5.14%。印楝油石油醚、氯仿和乙酸乙酯溶剂提取物都具有一定杀螨活性,其中石油醚提取物活性最高,氯仿和乙酸乙酯提取物活性相近。石油醚提取物和氯仿提取物对幼螨的毒力表现为:24 h半数致死浓度(median lethal concentration,LC50)分别为1.347 7,3.917 4μL/mL,500μL/mL的半数致死时间(median lethal time,LT50)为8.404 0 h和9.643 4 h。 相似文献
9.
鸡皮刺螨是家禽养殖业中危害最严重的体外寄生虫之一。为了控制禽舍中鸡皮刺螨的种群繁殖,目前最常用的方法是化学药物喷洒。但是,随着健康饮食观念的深入人心,人们越来越关注鸡蛋和鸡肉的农药残留问题。因此,需要探索化学农药的替代品,包括疫苗、生物防治、物理防治以及生态友好型的化学信息物质。本文综述了生态友好型的化学信息物质,主要包括聚集信息素、性信息素、报警信息素、利他素以及植物类化合物,在鸡皮刺螨防治方面的作用、应用及研究现状,为防治鸡皮刺螨寻找绿色无污染的方法提供理论基础。 相似文献
10.
11.
12.
Sudershan Kumar Anil K. Srivastava V. K. Dumka Naresh Kumar Rajinder K. Raina 《Veterinary research communications》2010,34(6):503-510
Pharmacokinetics and milk levels of ceftriaxone were studied in healthy and endometritic cows following single intravenous
administration. The drug was detected up to 8 h of dosing in plasma of healthy and endometritic cows and the drug disposition
followed three-compartment open model. The values of Vdarea, AUC, t1/2β, ClB, MRT and P/C ratio were 0.50 ± 0.19 L.kg−1, 62.2 ± 23.3 μg.ml−1.h, 1.02 ± 0.07 h, 0.30 ± 0.09 L.kg−1.h−1, 1.55 ± 0.25 h and 0.52 ± 0.27, respectively, in healthy and 1.55 ± 0.52 L.kg−1, 37.0 ± 17.1 μg.ml−1.h, 1.56 ± 0.25 h, 0.56 ± 0.14 L.kg−1.h−1, 2.14 ± 0.34 h and 1.44 ± 0.60, respectively, in endometritic cows. The drug was detected in milk for 36 h after administration.
For MIC90 of 0.5 μg.ml−1 the most appropriate dosage for ceftriaxone, would be 9.0 mg.kg−1 repeated at 6 h intervals for the treatment of endometritis in cows. 相似文献
13.
Isabel Oliveira Cosentino Mario Felipe Alvarez Balaro Felipe Seabra Cardoso Leal Lucas de Figueiredo Cardoso Barbosa Fernanda Martins Gonçalves Gabriel Feliciano Felizardo Marina Monteiro Netto Felipe Zandonadi Brandão 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2020,55(11):1655-1659
This study aimed to evaluate the exogenous progesterone (P4) effect on the luteal function from Day 16 to Day 21 of the oestrous cycle in inseminated goats with unknown pregnancy status. A total of 54 does passed through a short progestin-based synchronization protocol and, on Day 16 of the following oestrous cycle, 27 does received a new P4 device which was retained until Day 21. Blood samples were collected daily from all does during this period, as well as on Day 24. Pregnancy diagnoses were performed on Day 30. Serum P4 values from 26 animals (GNPSP: Group of non-pregnant does with second sponge: n = 8; GNPNSP: Group of non-pregnant does without second sponge: n = 6; GPSP: Group of pregnant does with second sponge: n = 5; GPNSP: Group of pregnant does without second sponge: n = 7) were determined by radioimmunoassay commercial kits. No P4 differences were found between groups (GNPSP: 3.1 ± 2.8; 1.7 ± 1.8; 0.4 ± 1.0; and 0.0 ± 0.0 vs. GNPNSP: 4.4 ± 1.8; 3.0 ± 2.2; 0.8 ± 0.8; and 0.0 ± 0.0 or GPSP: 4.2 ± 1.0; 3.4 ± 0.6; 3.3 ± 1.6; 3.2 ± 0.9; 3.6 ± 1.2; 3.5 ± 1.3; 2.7 ± 1.3 vs. GPNSP: 4.4 ± 1.6; 3.6 ± 1.5; 3.7 ± 1.5; 3.8 ± 1.4; 3.2 ± 1.2; 3.1 ± 1.2; 3.6 ± 1.1; D16, D17, D18, D19, D20, D21, D24, respectively) or for the interaction of group and time. In conclusion, a second progestogen device had no effect on luteolysis or early pregnancy in the following oestrous cycle. 相似文献
14.
R.A. Alcaraz RomeroJ.A. Quintal Franco D. Hernandez SánchezT. Sánchez Torres E. Villagómez AmezcuaJ. Ramon Ugalde J. Baeza RodríguezR. Bores Quintero J.G. Cantón Castillo 《Livestock Science》2012,143(1):24-28
Seventy crossbred ewe lambs, born from Pelibuey (PB) dams mated with five sire breeds: White Dorper × PB (WD × PB), Black Head Dorper × PB (BHD × PB), Ile de France × PB (Ile × PB) Katahdin × PB (KT × PB) and Pelibuey (PB × PB), were used to determine age and weight to puberty, follicular populations during prepubertal development, ovulation rate at first ovulation and function of the first corpus luteum (FCL). Ewe lambs were maintained under grazing conditions and were supplemented with 300 g head− 1 day− 1 of a concentrate with 14% CP and 3.0 Mcal ME kg− 1 of DM. From 145 days of age, monthly observations were performed by endoscopy to monitor follicular populations and luteal structures. Ovarian follicles were classified according to size into small (≥ 1 and < 3 mm), medium (≥ 3 and ≤ 4 mm) and large (> 4 mm). Additionally, weekly observations by ultrasonography were performed in four ewes per genotype to assess follicular populations. Luteal function from first ovulation was determined by circulating concentrations of progesterone. Ovulation rate was not affected by genotype (P > 0.05). All breed groups had the same pattern of follicular populations, where most of follicles were small, followed by medium and a small proportion of large follicles. Maximum diameter of follicles was similar for all genotypes during prepubertal development (P > 0.05), with an average range of 3.9 ± 0.20 to 4.4 ± 0.20 mm. The BHD × PB reached puberty at the youngest age of 240.9 ± 13.0 days, compared to all other genotypes (P < 0.05), 259.1 ± 11.7 for WD × PB, 279.3 ± 9.6 for KT × PB and 289.0 ± 15.3 days for PB × PB and 308.6 ± 11.9 days for Ile × PB ewe lambs. Ile × PB had greater weight to first ovulation (31.5 ± 1.19 kg) as compared to other breed groups (P < 0.01). The largest percentage of FCL was for KT × PB ewes (100%) (P < 0.05), followed by BHD × PB (88.9%), PB × PB (83.3), WD × PB (78.6%) and Ile × PB (77.8%). There were no differences in ovulation rate attributable to type of lambing from which ewe lambs came from (P > 0.05). BHD × PB ewe lambs reached puberty at an earlier age than other in this study. KT × PB ewe lambs had the highest percentage of FCL in their first ovulation. Breed of sire Ile de France increased weight to puberty and decreased FCL at first ovulation. In conclusion, the BHD × PB ewe showed puberty at an earlier age than other genotypes, while the KT × PB had the highest percentage of functional corpus luteum in their first ovulation. Ewe lambs coming from single lambings reach puberty at a heavier weight than those coming from multiple lambings. The ovulation rate in the first ovulation of ewe lambs is not affected by genotype and type of lambing. 相似文献
15.
Summary Standard haematological values have been calculated for female Holstein and Brown Swiss cattle kept at high altitudes in the Andean Sierra. Overall mean values were 5·9 × 1012 l–1 for the red cell count, 0·321l–1 for the packed cell volume, 9·6 gdl–1 for the haemoglobin concentration, 55·0 femtolitres for the mean corpuscular volume, 30·5 gdl–1 for the mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration and 16·7 pg for mean corpuscular haemoglobin. Red cell indices tended to be higher in Holstein cattle than in Brown Swiss kept at the same altitude and were higher in cattle kept at higher altitudes. Mean white cell parameters were 9·7 × 109 l–1 for total white cells, 2·6 × 109 l–1 for neutrophils, 0·086 × 109 l–1 for bands, 6·3 × 109 l–1 for lymphocytes, 0·7 × 109 l–1 for eosinophils, 0·073 × 109 l–1 for monocytes and 0·001 × 109 l–1 for basophils.
Parametros Hematologicos En Vacas Pardo Suizas Y Holstein Mantenidas A Gran Altitud
Resumen Se calcularon los valores hematológicos estandar de vacas de raza Holstein y Pardo Suiza mantenidas a altitudes elevadas en los Andes. Los valores medios fueron 5·9 × 1012l–1 para la concentración de eritrocitos, 0·321l–1 para el valor hematocrito, 9·6 gdl–1 para la concentración de hemoglobina, 55·0 femtolitros para el volumen corpuscular medio, 30·5 gdl–1 para la concentración corpuscular media de hemoglobina y 16·7 pg para la hemoglobina corpuscular media. La concentración de eritrocitos tendió a ser superior en vacas Holstein que en vacas Pardo Suizas mantenidas a la misma altitud y fue mayor en animales mantenidos a altitudes superiores. Los parámetros leucocitarios medios fueron 9·7 × 109l–1 para la concentración de leucocitos totales, 2·6 × 109l–1 para la de neutrófilos, 0·086 × 109l–1 para la de neutrófilos en banda, 6·3 × 109l–1 para la de linfocitos, 0·7 × 109l–1 para la de eosinófilos, 0·073 × 109l–1 para la de monocitos y 0·001 × 109l–1 para la de basófilos.
Parametres Hematologiques Chez Les Bovins Brown Suisse Et Holstein En Altitude Elevee
Résumé On a calculé les valeurs hématologiques standard pour les vaches Holstein et Brown Suisse élevées dans les hautes altitudes de la sierra andine. En général, les valeurs moyennes ont été de 5,9 × 1012l–1 pour la numération des hématies, 0,321l–1 pour l'hématocrite, 9,6 gd l–1 pour la concentration en hémoglobine, 55,0 femtolitres pour le volume globulaire moyen, 30,5 gdl–1 pour la concentration corpusculaire moyenne en hémoglobine et 16,7 pg pour l'hémoglobine globulaire moyenne. Les indices globulaires ont tendance a être plus élevés chez les Holsteins que chez les Brown Suisses élevées à la même altitude et a être plus élevées pour les bovins élevés à des altitudes plus hautes. Les paramètres moyens pour les leucocytes ont été 9,7 × 109l–1 pour la numération leucoytaire totale, de 2,6 × 109l–1 pour les neutrophiles, de 0,086 × 109l–1 pour les bandes, de 6,3 × 109l–1 pour les lymphocytes, de 0,7 × 109l–1 pour les éosinophiles, de 0,073 × 109l–1 pour les monocytes et de 0,001 × 109l–1 pour les basophiles.相似文献
16.
Influence of dietary lysine level on whole-body protein turnover, plasma IGF-I, GH and insulin concentration in growing pigs 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Four growing pigs (initial liveweight 25.9 ± 0.54 kg, final liveweight 43.0 ± 1.06 kg) were used to study the effect of dietary lysine level on nutrient digestibility, whole-body protein turnover, plasma insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), growth hormone (GH), insulin, glucose, and urea nitrogen (PUN). Four diets, containing 7.0 g (L1), 9.5 g (L2), 12.0 g (L3) and 14.5 g (L4) lysine per kg diet respectively, were formulated as experimental treatments. The animals and diets were allocated in a 4 × 4 Latin square design. Nitrogen (N) metabolism and whole-body protein turnover were measured by classical method and single-dose 15N end-product method, respectively. The blood samples were taken at the end of each experimental period. Results showed that N retention (NR) and N biological value (NBV) were significantly increased from L1 to L4 (P < 0.05). However, differences in NR and NBV between L2, L3 and L4 were not significant (P > 0.05). There was no significant difference on dry matter (DM) digestibility, organic matter (OM) digestibility and N digestibility between different treatments (P > 0.05). Whole-body protein synthesis, protein degradation and protein accretion increased markedly from L1 to L2 (P < 0.05), but did not increase further from L2 to L4. Whole-body protein accretion (y, g/kg W0.75/d) increased with dietary lysine (x, g/kg) in a quadratic manner: y = − 0.09x2 + 2.12x − 5.14 (r2 = 0.96, n = 4, P < 0.05).The results also showed that differences in plasma IGF-I, GH, glucose and PUN concentration between different treatments were not significant (P > 0.05). Plasma insulin concentration (y, μIU/ml) was increased with dietary lysine (x, g/kg) in a quadratic manner: y = 0.23x2 − 4.10x + 32.25 (r2 = 0.99, n = 4, P < 0.05), but it was not found that plasma insulin concentration was related to NR. A significant correlation was found between NR (y, g/d) and plasma IGF-I (x, ng/ml): y = − 3.1 × 10− 3x2 + 1.31x − 122.28 (r2 = 0.99, n = 4, P < 0.05).It was concluded that dietary lysine level had a significant influence on NR and whole-body protein turnover but not on plasma IGF-I and GH concentration. Plasma IGF-I may be an important factor controlling N metabolism of growing pigs. Further research was needed to study the mechanism. 相似文献
17.
In this study the disposition kinetics and plasma availability of moxifloxacin in Muscovy ducks after single intravenous (i.v.), intramuscular (i.m.) and oral (p.o.) administrations of 5 mg kg?1 b.wt. were investigated. The concentrations of moxifloxacin in the plasma were measured using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with fluorescence detection on samples collected at frequent intervals after drug administration. Following intravenous injection, the decline in plasma drug concentration was bi-exponential with half-lives of (t1/2α) 0.22 ± 0.10 h and (t1/2β) 2.49 ± 0.26 h for distribution and elimination phases, respectively. The volume of distribution at steady-state (Vdss) was 1.02 ± 0.14 l kg?1 and the total body clearance (Cltot) was 0.32 ± 0.11 l kg?1 h?1, respectively. After intramuscular and oral administration of moxifloxacin at the same dose the peak plasma concentrations (Cmax) were 2.38 ± 0.43 and 2.11 ± 0.36 μg ml?1 and were obtained at 1.47 ± 0.26 and 1.83 ± 0.16 h (Tmax), respectively, the elimination half-lives (T1/2el) were 3.14 ± 0.42 and 2.63 ± 0.44 h, respectively, and AUC0–24 were 15.87 ± 2.35 and 14.52 ± 2.37 μg ml?1 h?1, respectively. The systemic bioavailabilities were 96.36 ± 11.54% and 86.79 ± 12.64%, respectively. In vitro plasma protein binding percent was 32%. We concluded that moxifloxacin might be clinically interesting alternative for the treatment of most sensitive bacterial infections in Muscovy ducks. 相似文献
18.
Summary Leptospira interrogansserotypes pomonaand icterohaemorrhagiaewere isolated from the kidneys of Rattus norvegicustrapped on pomonainfected piggeries.The isolation of pomonafrom one of 111cultured kidneys, although of interest, strongly suggests that this rat does not play an important part in the epidemiology of infection by this serotype.
Kidney tubular degeneration, focal mononuclear infiltrations and fibroplasia are morphological traces which remain after an attack of leptospirosis. The high percentage (48.6)of these lesions found in the rat kidneys examined does not seem to be related to serotype pomonabut to icterohaemorrhagiae.The importance of this last serotype in swine in the Cauca Valley has yet to be assessed.
Leptospirosis En Colombia: Aislamiento DeLeptospira SPP. De Riñones De Ratas Pardas (Rattus Norvegicus) Atrapadas En Porquerizas Infectadas
Resumen Se aislóLeptospira interrogans serotipospomona eicterohaemorrhagiae de riñones deRattus norvegicus atrapadas en porquerizas infectadas porpomona. El aislamiento depomona de 1/111 riñones cultivados, aunque de interés, sugiere que esta rata no desempeña parte importante en la epidemiología de las infecciones por este serotipo.Degeneración tubular renal, infiltración mononuclear focal y fibroplasia son huellas morfológicas que quedan después de un ataque de leptospirosis. El alto porcentaje (48.6) de estas lesiones encontradas en los riñones de las ratas examinadas no parece estar relacionado con el serotipopomona sino con elicterohaemorrhagiae. La importancia de este último seroptipo en cerdos en el Valle del Cauca no se ha evaluado todavía.
Leptospiroses En Colombie: Isolement DeLeptospira SPP. De Reins De Rats Bruns (Rattus Norvegicus) Captures Dans Des Porcheries
Résumé Les sérotypespomona eticterohaemorrhagiae deLeptospira interrogans ont été isolés de reins deRattus norvegicus capturés dans des porcheries infectées de (pomona?). L'isolement depomona sur une seule des 111 cultures de rein effectuées, bien qu'interessant, suggère fortement que ce rat ne joue pas un rôle important dans l'épidémiologie de l'infection par ce sérotype.La dégénerescence tubulaire des reins, des infiltrations ponctuelles par des monocucléaires et l'aspect fibreux constituent les traces morphologiques qui demeurent après une attaque de leptospirose. Le pourcentage élevé (48,6) de ces lésions trouvées dans les les reins des rats examinés semble être plus en rapport avec le sérotypeicterohaemorrhagiae qu'avec le sérotypepomona. L'importance du sérotypeicterohaemorrhagiae chez le porc de la Cauca Valley est encore à vérifier.相似文献
19.
Summary Microfilariae of three genera, namelyElaeophora böhmi, Onchocerca cervicalis andParafilaria multipapillosa were recovered from blood samples of equidae in Tehran, Iran. These microfilarial infections in equidae are reported for the first time from Iran.
Infestacion Filaroidea De Equinos En El Area De Teheran, Iran
Resumen Microfilarias de tres géneros,Elaeophora bohmi, Onchocerca cervicalis andParafilaria multipapillosa se aislaron de la sangre de equinos en el area de Teherán, Irán. Este es el primer reporte de la infestación filaroidea de equinos en Irán.
Filariose Des Equides Dans La Region De Teheran En Iran
Résumé Les microfilaires des genresElaeophora böhmi, Onchocerca cervalis etParafilaria multipapillosa ont été trouvées dans des échantillons de sang d'équidés de la région de Téhéran en Iran. C'est la première fois qu'un tel parasitisme des équidés est constaté en Iran.相似文献
20.
D. K. Miller O. Diall T. M. Craig G. G. Wagner 《Tropical animal health and production》1984,16(2):71-77
Summary A serological survey of cattle in Mali was carried out to determine the prevalence of antibody activity toBabesia bovis andB. bigemina. It was found that the level ofB. bovis infection as indicated by antibody activities was too low to be of immediate concern. However, the serological prevalence ofB. bigemina was high and this may indicate a potential disease problem. It was also found that when zebu and N'Dama cattle grazed together the N'Dama were twice as likely to have positive titres toBabesia as were the zebus.
Prevalencia Serologica De Babesiosis Bovina En Mali
Resumen Se llevó a cabo un análisis serológico en Malí, para detectar la prevalencia deBabesia bovis yBabesia bigemina. Se encontró, que la prevalencia serológica deB. bovis es baja para considerar la enfermedad una amenaza inmediata. Sinembargo, la prevalencia deB. bigemina fué alta, un problema potencial. Tambien se encontró, que cuando el ganado Cebu y N'Dama pastorea junto, el N'Dama presenta el doble de títulos serológicos deB. bigemina.
Frequence Serologique De La Babesiose Bovine Au Mali
Résumé Une enquête sérologique sur le bétail au Mali a été effectuée pour déterminer la fréquence de l'activité des anticorps àBabesia bovis etB. bigemina. On a trouvé que le degré d'infection àB. bovis tel qu'indiqué par les réactions anticorps était trop faible pour constituer un souci immédiat. Cependant la fréquence sérologique deB. bigemina était élevée, ce qui peut indiquer un problème pathologique potentiel. On a aussi noté que lorsque les zébus et les N'Dama broûtaient ensemble, les N'Dama avaient deux fois plus de chance d'avoir des titres positifs àBabesia que ne l'avaient les zébus.相似文献