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细菌性肺炎是引起犊牛和成年牛致死性呼吸道疾病的主要原因,可以是原发病原菌,同时也可以继发于其他感染。2010年12月份,黑龙江某奶牛场发生一起奶牛急性热性传染病,死亡15头牛,经病理剖检、PCR检测、细菌分离与鉴定,确诊为牛巴氏杆菌与牛呼吸道合胞体病毒(BRSV)混和感染。1发病情况 相似文献
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牛呼吸道合胞体病毒的分离鉴定 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
从黑龙江省某牛场患有呼吸道疾病的病牛鼻汁中分离到1株病毒,并对其进行了系统鉴定.结果该病毒株能在Vero细胞上增殖并产生特征性的合胞体形态的细胞病变;病毒对5-碘脱氧尿核苷不敏感,对酸、氯仿、乙醚均敏感,不耐热,56℃加热30 min可被灭活,且无血凝性和血吸附特性;该病毒能被牛呼吸道合胞体病毒(BRSV)标准阳性血清中和;应用特异性引物,通过反转录-聚合酶链式反应可从病毒细胞培养物中扩增出BRSV N基因中596 bp的特异性片段,并且分离株与GenBank中BRSV毒株N基因相应片段的核苷酸序列同源性为97.8%～99.3%.以上结果表明所分离到的病毒为牛呼吸道合胞体病毒,命名为BRSV HJ株. 相似文献
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1病因溶血性巴氏杆菌为革兰氏阴性杆菌,可能是上呼吸道中正常常在菌,但不似多杀性巴氏杆菌能经常从正常牛上呼吸道中分离出。溶血性巴氏杆菌的某些特征与其致病性有关。暴发溶血性巴氏杆菌肺炎的发病率和死亡率比多杀性巴氏杆菌引起的运输热高,当病毒,如牛鼻气管炎病毒或牛呼吸道合胞体病毒感染牛时,若再发生强毒性溶血性巴氏杆菌感染,死亡率可达30～50%。 相似文献
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牛呼吸道疾病综合征流行现状及防控技术研究进展 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
《中国畜牧杂志》2015,(16)
牛呼吸道疾病综合征(BRDC)给全球养牛业的健康发展带来了严重的危害。BRDC是受病毒和细菌等多因子的影响而发生的呼吸道疾病,牛病毒性腹泻病毒、牛传染性鼻气管炎病毒、牛呼吸道合胞体病毒等感染抑制了牛机体的防御机能,是诱发BRDC的主要因素;多杀性巴氏杆菌等细菌的继发感染是导致BRDC发病率和死亡率增加的重要原因。本文就引起BRDC的主要病原、流行现状、防控技术等进行多层次分析和概述。 相似文献
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对1例疑似鸭肝炎病毒和多杀性巴氏杆菌混合感染的10日龄肉鸭采用常规的病毒、细菌鉴定方法和RT-PCR、PCR方法分别进行病毒、细菌的分离与鉴定。病毒鉴定为新型鸭肝炎病毒,细菌鉴定为荚膜血清A型多杀性巴氏杆菌多杀亚种。细菌对SPF鸡的毒力试验结果显示,分离的巴氏杆菌与强毒标准株C48-1毒力相近,为强毒株。细菌对10日龄肉鸭的致病性回归试验结果表明,一定数量的该株巴氏杆菌可导致10日龄雏鸭的感染死亡。结果表明,该批肉鸭为新型鸭肝炎病毒和A型多杀性巴氏杆菌混合感染。这是国内首例从感染鸭肝炎病毒10日龄雏鸭肝脏中分离到多杀性巴氏杆菌。 相似文献
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牛呼吸道综合征往往是多种病原体混合感染引起,致病机制复杂。云南省昆明市某肉牛养殖场部分犊牛出现了以咳嗽、气短、流鼻涕、腹泻等呼吸道症状为主要表现的呼吸道疾病,随后多头相继死亡,剖检主要病变为气管、胃黏膜、小肠出血,肺脏肝变,肝脏出血肿大,心脏出血,心包黏连等;经采病料用常见呼吸道疾病病原（牛病毒性腹泻病毒,牛冠状病毒,牛副流感病毒3型,牛呼吸道合胞体病毒,牛疱疹病毒1型,多杀性巴氏杆菌,溶血性曼氏杆菌,牛支原体）8联PCR检测试剂盒检测,结果为副流感病毒3型、多杀性巴氏杆菌、牛支原体混合感染。经用加米霉素、10%替米考星和20%氟苯尼考等大环内酯类药物治疗,结合加强饲养管理,多数病牛恢复了健康。 相似文献
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Study on the etiologic role of bovine respiratory syncytial virus in pneumonia of dairy calves 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
J C Baker R E Werdin T R Ames R J Markham V L Larson 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1986,189(1):66-70
Bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) was the viral agent most commonly identified in 14 epizootics of pneumonia in dairy calves. A microtiter serum-virus neutralization test proved to be the best means of identifying involvement of BRSV; seroconversion (fourfold or greater rise in titer) was demonstrated in 10 of the 14 epizootics. Only limited involvement of bovine viral diarrhea virus, infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus, parainfluenza 3 virus, and bovine adenovirus type 3 was recognized. Pasteurella multocida was isolated in 12 of 14 epizootics, and Pasteurella haemolytica in 4 of 14 epizootics. Mycoplasmal and ureaplasmal agents were isolated in all 14 epizootics. 相似文献
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Pardon B De Bleecker K Dewulf J Callens J Boyen F Catry B Deprez P 《The Veterinary record》2011,169(11):278
The prevalence of respiratory pathogens in diseased veal calves was determined in 24 respiratory disease outbreaks in 15 herds in Belgium. Bacteria were cultured from nasopharyngeal swabs and seroconversion against viruses and Mycoplasma bovis was determined on paired sera. At the individual calf level, Mycoplasma species, Mannheimia haemolytica and Pasteurella multocida, were isolated from 70.5 per cent, 21.5 per cent and 26.0 per cent of swabs, respectively. At the herd level, the presence of M bovis could be confirmed in 84.6 per cent of the herds examined. Seroconversion against bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) was present in 71.4 per cent of herds, parainfluenzavirus type 3 in 53.3 per cent, bovine respiratory syncytial virus in 40.0 per cent, bovine adenovirus type 3 in 46.7 per cent, bovine coronavirus in 30.0 per cent, and bovine herpesvirus type 1 in 26.7 per cent. At postmortem examination, Mycoplasma species could be cultured from 61.9 per cent of pneumonic lungs (n=21). Sixty per cent of calves tested were positive for BVDV (n=20), and 20.0 per cent were positive for bovine respiratory syncytial virus (n=16). 相似文献
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Autio T Pohjanvirta T Holopainen R Rikula U Pentikäinen J Huovilainen A Rusanen H Soveri T Sihvonen L Pelkonen S 《Veterinary microbiology》2007,119(2-4):256-265
The aim of this study was to examine the occurrence of bacterial, mycoplasmal and viral pathogens in the lower respiratory tract of calves in all-in all-out calf-rearing units. According to clinical status, non-medicated calves with and without respiratory disease signs were selected of the 40 herds investigated to analyse the micro-organisms present in healthy and diseased calves. Tracheobronchial lavage (TBL) and paired serum samples were analysed for bacteria, mycoplasmas, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), parainfluenza virus 3 (PIV3), bovine corona virus (BCV) and bovine adenovirus (BAV). Pasteurella multocida was the most common bacterial pathogen. It was isolated from 34% of the TBL samples in 28 herds and was associated with clinical respiratory disease (p < 0.05) when other pathogenic bacteria or mycoplasma were present in the sample. Mannheimia spp. and Histophilus somni were rarely found. Mycoplasma bovis was not detected at all. Ureaplasma diversum was associated with clinical respiratory disease (p < 0.05). TBL samples from healthy or suspect calves were more often negative in bacterial culture than samples from diseased calves (p < 0.05). No viral infections were detected in six herds, while 16-21 herds had RSV, BCV, BAV or PIV3. In the herds that had calves seroconverted to BCV, respiratory shedding of BCV was more frequently observed than faecal shedding. This study showed that the microbial combinations behind BRD were diverse between herds. M. bovis, an emerging pathogen in many countries, was not detected. 相似文献
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Tegtmeier C Uttenthal A Friis NF Jensen NE Jensen HE 《Zentralblatt für Veterin?rmedizin. Reihe B. Journal of veterinary medicine. Series B》1999,46(10):693-700
During 1 year, the association between microbiological and pathological findings in 72 lungs from calves submitted to the Danish Veterinary Laboratory for diagnostic purposes was studied. All cases were evaluated pathologically and bacteriologically, whereas only 68 cases were examined for the presence of bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV), parainfluenza-3 virus (PI-3 virus) and bovine coronavirus, 62 cases for bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVD), 45 cases for bovine adenovirus and 51 cases for mycoplasmas. Based on histopathological examination, the cases were diagnosed as fibrinous and/or necrotizing bronchopneumonia, suppurative bronchopneumonia, embolic pneumonia and others. The diagnoses were based on the dominating and most severe lesions in each lung. Haemophilus somnus, Pasteurella multocida, Actinomyces pyogenes, P. haemolytica and BRSV were the most commonly found bacterial and viral lung pathogens, respectively. Pasteurella spp. and H. somnus were often associated with the more severe fibrinonecrotizing type of bronchopneumonia, whereas BRSV was primarily detected in cases of suppurative bronchopneumonia. Mycoplasma bovis was isolated from one case only, whereas M. dispar, M. bovirhinis and Ureaplasma diversum were present, often concomitantly, in the majority of cases. Aspergillus fumigatus was isolated from one case. 相似文献
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A live Pasteurella haemolytica vaccine efficacy trial 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
C W Purdy C W Livingston G H Frank J M Cummins N A Cole R W Loan 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1986,188(6):589-591
A live Pasteurella haemolytica serotype 1 vaccine was used in an efficacy trial conducted on 100 lightweight feeder calves purchased from a Florida ranch. Forty-one calves were inoculated with the vaccine intradermally in the neck. Fifty-nine calves served as nonvaccinated controls. Fourteen days later, the calves were shipped to an order buyer in eastern Tennessee, where the calves were mixed with 60 local calves in a community sale barn for 72 hours. After 3 additional days, the calves were shipped to a research feedlot in Bushland, Tex. They remained in the feedlot for 56 days, and the test was concluded 76 days after vaccination. The P haemolytica vaccine had no significant effect on performance, morbidity, or mortality. There was no significant difference between the vaccinated and nonvaccinated calves in the number of times Pasteurella was isolated. The calves became seropositive to bovine viral diarrhea virus, respiratory syncytial virus, and infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR) virus during the 76-day experiment. All calves initially were seropositive to parainfluenza-3 virus. A virulent outbreak of IBR occurred 30 days after the calves arrived at the feedlot. Before the onset of IBR, the isolation of P haemolytica serotype 1 from nasal turbinates was rare (2 of 500 nasal swabs). After the IBR outbreak, P haemolytica serotype 1 was isolated from 40 of 92 calves. 相似文献
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Two identical viruses designated 371 and 375 were recovered from nasal secretions of 2 of 7 calves in a beef cow-calf herd in which calves (45 to 105 days of age) had signs of acute respiratory tract disease. The cytopathic, morphologic and physico-chemical characteristics of the isolates were those of bovine respiratory syncytial virus. Although a humoral antibody response to bovine respiratory syncytial virus was not observed, it was concluded that this virus probably had a part in the respiratory tract disease in these calves. 相似文献
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Härtel H Nikunen S Neuvonen E Tanskanen R Kivelä SL Aho R Soveri T Saloniemi H 《Acta veterinaria Scandinavica》2004,45(3-4):193-200
Pathogens causing bovine respiratory tract disease in Finland were investigated. Eighteen cattle herds with bovine respiratory disease were included. Five diseased calves from each farm were chosen for closer examination and tracheobronchial lavage. Blood samples were taken from the calves at the time of the investigation and from 86 calves 3-4 weeks later. In addition, 6-10 blood samples from animals of different ages were collected from each herd, resulting in 169 samples. Serum samples were tested for antibodies to bovine parainfluenza virus-3 (PIV-3), bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV), bovine coronavirus (BCV), bovine adenovirus-3 (BAV-3) and bovine adenovirus-7 (BAV-7). About one third of the samples were also tested for antibodies to bovine virus diarrhoea virus (BVDV) with negative results. Bacteria were cultured from lavage fluid and in vitro susceptibility to selected antimicrobials was tested. According to serological findings, PIV-3, BAV-7, BAV-3, BCV and BRSV are common pathogens in Finnish cattle with respiratory problems. A titre rise especially for BAV-7 and BAV-3, the dual growth of Mycoplasma dispar and Pasteurella multocida, were typical findings in diseased calves. Pasteurella sp. strains showed no resistance to tested antimicrobials. Mycoplasma bovis and Mannheimia haemolytica were not found. 相似文献
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Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) 1b: predominant BVDV subtype in calves with respiratory disease 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0 
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下载免费PDF全文 Robert W. Fulton Julia F. Ridpath Jeremiah T. Saliki Robert E. Briggs Anthony W. Confer Lurinda J. Burge C. W. Purdy Raymond W. Loan Glenn C. Duff Mark E. Payton 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》2002,66(3):181-190
The prevalence of bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) infections was determined in 2 groups of stocker calves with acute respiratory disease. Both studies used calves assembled after purchase from auction markets by an order buyer and transported to feedyards, where they were held for approximately 30 d. In 1 study, the calves were mixed with fresh ranch calves from a single ranch. During the studies, at day 0 and at weekly intervals, blood was collected for viral antibody testing and virus isolation from peripheral blood leukocytes (PBLs), and nasal swabs were taken for virus isolation. Samples from sick calves were also collected. Serum was tested for antibodies to bovine herpesvirus-1 (BHV-1), BVDV1a, 1b, and 2, parainfluenza 3 virus (PI3V), and bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV). The lungs from the calves that died during the studies were examined histopathologically, and viral and bacterial isolation was performed on lung homogenates. BVDV was isolated from calves in both studies; the predominant biotype was noncytopathic (NCP). Differential polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and nucleic acid sequencing showed the predominant subtype to be BVDV1b in both studies. In 1999, NCP BVDV1b was detected in numerous samples over time from 1 persistently infected calf; the calf did not seroconvert to BVDV1a or BVDV2. In both studies, BVDV was isolated from the serum, PBLs, and nasal swabs of the calves, and in the 1999 study, it was isolated from lung tissue at necropsy. BVDV was demonstrated serologically and by virus isolation to be a contributing factor in respiratory disease. It was isolated more frequently from sick calves than healthy calves, by both pen and total number of calves. BVDV1a and BVDV2 seroconversions were related to sickness in selected pens and total number of calves. In the 1999 study, BVDV-infected calves were treated longer than noninfected calves (5.643 vs 4.639 d; P = 0.0902). There was a limited number of BVDV1a isolates and, with BVDV1b used in the virus neutralization test for antibodies in seroconverting calves' serum, BVDV1b titers were higher than BVDV1a titers. This study indicates that BVDV1 strains are involved in acute respiratory disease of calves with pneumonic Mannheimia haemolytica and Pasteurella multocida disease. The BVDV2 antibodies may be due to cross-reactions, as typing of the BVDV strains revealed BVDV1b or 1a but not BVDV2. The BVDV1b subtype has considerable implications, as, with 1 exception, all vaccines licensed in the United States contain BVDV1a, a strain with different antigenic properties. BVDV1b potentially could infect BVDV1a-vaccinated calves. 相似文献
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Nikunen S Härtel H Orro T Neuvonen E Tanskanen R Kivelä SL Sankari S Aho P Pyörälä S Saloniemi H Soveri T 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》2007,30(3):143-151
Eighty-four calves with respiratory disease from 18 herds in different parts of Finland were chosen for a study evaluating the capacity of different respiratory pathogens to cause changes in different acute phase protein concentrations, white blood cell (WBC) count and clinical signs. The selected acute phase proteins were fibrinogen, haptoglobin, serum amyloid-A, lipopolysaccharide binding protein and alpha1-acid glycoprotein. From each calf, a paired blood sample was obtained for serological studies of bovine parainfluenza virus-3, bovine respiratory syncytial virus, bovine coronavirus, bovine adenovirus-3 and bovine adenovirus-7. Tracheobronchial lavage was performed to detect bacteria and mycoplasma. Isolation of Pasteurella multocida was associated with increased concentrations of all tested acute phase proteins. For other pathogens, no significant relationships were observed. No association was present between viral or bacterial findings and WBC count. 相似文献