共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 343 毫秒
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不同屠宰体重商品猪胴体性能、肉品质及相关关系研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
测定了体重70～140 kg阶段120头商品猪的胴体品质和肉质特性,分析了商品猪胴体性能、肉质性状随体重的变化规律及相关程度,为确定适宜上市屠宰体重提供依据。结果表明:70～100 kg体重阶段,随体重增大,平均背膘厚、眼肌面积、皮脂率、肉色和大理石纹显著升高,后腿比例、瘦肉率、骨骼率、L和b值显著降低。胴体和肉质性状间相关程度有强有弱,相关系数有正有负。相同性状间有较强的正相关,相反性状间有较强的负相关。在70～140 kg阶段,胴体重、胴体直长、胴体斜长、眼肌面积、平均背膘厚、瘦肉率、皮脂率、骨骼率、肉色和L值与体重之间呈显著的回归关系,其他指标与体重间的线性相关不显著。 相似文献
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为评价宁乡猪和杜洛克猪的杂交效果,本实验分别测定了91头宁乡猪和76头杜宁二元杂种猪的胴体性状和肉质性状指标,并对不同性状指标进行相关性分析。结果表明:在胴体性状方面,与宁乡猪相比,杜宁二元杂种猪的体直长、体斜长、胴体重、肋骨数和眼肌面积极显著提高,背膘厚和皮厚极显著降低;在肉质性状方面,杜宁二元杂种猪的肉色红度(a*)、pH45min和熟肉率极显著高于宁乡猪,pH24h显著低于宁乡猪。相关性分析显示,宁乡猪体斜长和胴体重存在极显著正相关(r=0.71),a*值与黄度(b*)值之间存在高度正相关(r=0.58);杜宁二元杂种猪体直长与体斜长存在极显著正相关(r=0.64),亮度(L*)值与b值极显著相关(r=0.54)。说明杜宁二元杂种猪在导入杜洛克血缘后,其胴体性状较宁乡猪得到较大改善,但肉质性状改善效果不明显。 相似文献
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为研究恩施黑猪的种质特性,本研究对104头9月龄左右的恩施黑猪体尺、胴体、肉质等性状进行了测量及相关分析;结果显示恩施黑猪9月龄平均体重为95.44±10.74 kg、胴体重62.80±8.13 kg、屠宰率为65.75±3.28%、总乳头数14.07±1.70个、成对乳头数6.21±0.91对、三点平均背膘厚3.56±0.69 cm、肌内脂肪含量为3.37±2.60%、肉色评分4.27±0.61、于背最长肌内主要检测到18种脂肪酸,其饱和脂肪酸为33.58±2.91 mg/g,不饱和脂肪酸为50.35±2.72 mg/g,单不饱和脂肪酸38.52±4.61 mg/g,多不饱和脂肪酸12.23±3.53 mg/g,硬脂酸含量比亚油酸高;阉公猪与母猪间肉色评分差异显著(P0.05),其他性状无显著差异;体重与肌内脂肪、背膘厚、胴体重极显著正相关;肌内脂肪含量与背膘厚极显著正相关,与胴体重显著正相关;背膘厚与胴体重极显著正相关,与头长、管围、滴水损失显著负相关;臀中肌中点处的背膘厚与3点平均背膘厚极显著正相关;成对的乳头数与肋骨数显著正相关。本研究结果为恩施黑猪种质特性的鉴定以及品种开发利用提供了基础理论依据。 相似文献
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《畜牧与兽医》2020,(5)
为研究影响杜长大商品猪胴体评级的相关性状,选择206头活重在90～150 kg的商品猪进行称重、活体背膘P2点测定、屠宰性能测定,测定指标包括:活体重、背膘厚、胴体重、肩膘、6-7肋间膘、最后肋膘、肉色、肋骨数以及胴体等级等主要性能指标,分析性状间的相关性,对不同等级的各胴体性状进行显著性检验,并建立胴体等级与其他性状指标间的回归方程。结果:宰前活重在109.43～116.70 kg、活体背膘厚度11.47～13.44 mm时,胴体评级最优(1～2级);随着宰前活重的增加,肩膘厚、6-7肋间膘厚、最后肋膘厚随之增加,肉色值也有增加的趋势;胴体等级与活体背膘、肩膘厚、6-7肋间膘厚、最后肋膘厚、肉色、性别等性状具有显著的相关性。本研究为指导商品猪饲养管理、商品猪评级、改善养猪经济效益提供了参考依据。 相似文献
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本试验对五指山猪和长白猪胴体性状、肉质性状、背最长肌氨基酸和脂肪酸含量进行了分析,旨在探讨五指山猪肉和长白猪肉的肉品质差异。结果表明,长白猪宰前重、胴体直长、胴体斜长、屠宰率、眼肌面积、平均背膘厚及瘦肉率均极显著高于五指山猪(P<0.01);五指山猪肌内脂肪含量极显著高于长白猪(P<0.01),pH、熟肉率、滴水损失和剪切力差异不显著(P>0.05);五指山猪肉的鲜味氨基酸、必需氨基酸、饱和脂肪酸和单不饱和脂肪酸含量均极显著高于长白猪(P<0.01)。因此,五指山猪肉品质优于长白猪。 相似文献
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试验旨在对大约克×(巴克夏×沙子岭)(简称大巴沙)猪的胴体性状和肉质性状进行评估。选取99头大巴沙猪进行屠宰测定,主要测定屠宰率、胴体长、背膘厚、眼肌面积和瘦肉率等胴体性状及pH、肉色、大理石纹和肌内脂肪等肉质性状。结果表明,大巴沙猪的屠宰率和瘦肉率分别为72.24%和59.22%,系水力损失和肌内脂肪含量分别为93.16%和2.90%。性状间相关性分析表明,大巴沙猪宰前活重与胴体重、胴体长、眼肌面积呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),与屠宰率、pH1、肌苷酸含量呈显著正相关(P<0.05),与嫩度呈极显著负相关(P<0.05),并构建了宰前活重与相关指标的回归方程。研究结果表明,大巴沙猪胴体性状优良、肌肉保水力强、肉质鲜美,可通过宰前活重快速估测屠宰率、胴体长、眼肌面积、肌内脂肪含量,大大节省屠宰测定成本。 相似文献
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《畜牧兽医学报》2016,(9)
本研究旨在对杜长大三元杂交猪与皮杜长大四元杂交猪的多个胴体性状和肉质性状进行准确的评估,并分析不同品种和性别对胴体和肉质性状的影响。选取平均日龄约180天的304头杜长大三元杂交猪(DLY)和213头皮杜长大四元杂交猪(PDLY),按同一饲养标准饲养并屠宰,测定了眼肌面积、背膘厚和瘦肉率等胴体性状及pH、电导率和滴水损失等肉质性状,进而进行统计分析。研究表明,DLY和PDLY的瘦肉率均大于55%、屠宰率均大于84%且变异系数均小于6.2%;与之相对的是,上述两种群体的电导率(24h)和滴水损失的变异系数均高于45%,提示通过品种内的选育,可在一定程度上改善上述两个品种的猪肉滴水损失,提高肉品质均一性;品种间的比较发现,PDLY的眼肌面积和眼肌厚度均高于DLY(P0.01),而DLY的屠宰率则优于PDLY(P0.001);就性别而言,两品种阉公猪的宰前活重均高于母猪(P0.01),而母猪的瘦肉率更高且背膘厚更低(P0.001)。性状间相关性分析表明,PDLY和DLY的胴体瘦肉率与宰前活重和背膘厚均极显著负相关(|r|0.45,P0.001),而眼肌面积与眼肌厚度则均呈极显著正相关(r0.70,P0.001);此外,PDLY和DLY的眼肌pH24h与滴水损失及电导率(24h)均呈显著负相关(|r|0.22,P0.05)。PDLY的胴体性状种质资源特性整体上优于DLY,而DLY的肉品质则优于PDLY;性别方面,PDLY和DLY母猪的胴体性状种质资源特性均优于阉公猪;性状间的相关性分析结果表明,提高猪肉pH有利于降低滴水损失,进而增加猪肉的观感和新鲜度。本研究结果加深了人们对DLY和PDLY胴体性状和肉质性状的认识,为今后商品猪的遗传改良提供了参考。 相似文献
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试验旨在研究商品猪血液中皮质醇含量与宰后的胴体性状和肉质表观指标之间的相关性并探讨其内在联系。在具有秋季典型气温时间（2012年8月20日）,选取120头商品猪,猪只运输时间约为2h,运输到屠宰场后休息1．5h后屠宰,取血液样品测定皮质醇含量,取背最长肌测定肉质指标,并测定猪只的胴体重和背膘厚。根据测定得到的皮质醇浓度,将猪只分成三个组,低皮质醇组（〈120ng／mL）、中皮质醇组（120～130ng／mL）和高皮质醇组（〉130ng／mL）,比较三组之间肉质和胴体指标之间的差异。结果表明,在肉质指标方面,除中皮质醇组猪只的24h的电导率有升高的趋势（P=0．08）外,其余均无显著差异;在胴体性状方面,高皮质醇组胴体重极显著高于（P〈0．01）低皮质醇组,高皮质醇组背膘厚显著高于（P〈0．05）低皮质醇组,与中浓度皮质醇组差异均不显著。猪只血液中皮质醇含量与胴体重和背膘厚度都存在着极显著的正相关,相关系数分别为0．349和0．274。各肉质指标之间也存在相关性,其中PH与电导率为极显著的负相关,pH与肉色的L值呈极显著的负相关,45min时测定的肉色L值与滴水损失相关系数为0．234,猪只胴体重和背膘厚度呈极显著的正相关关系,相关系数为0．596。结果提示,无法通过猪只血浆皮质醇浓度的高低来评估宰后猪肉品质,但一定程度内较高的皮质醇浓度会有利于个体增重和背部脂肪的沉积。 相似文献
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为研究不同品系杜洛克作为终端父本对其后代商品猪胴体性状的影响,选取214和108头分别由美系和加系杜洛克公猪配种、出生时间相近(±2 d)和体重相近(35±5 kg)的后代三元商品猪进行育肥饲养,结束饲养后开展屠宰试验,测定背膘厚度、眼肌厚度、瘦肉率和肋骨数。结果显示:加系杜洛克商品后代的背膘厚度、眼肌厚度显著(P<0.05)高于美系杜洛克后代商品猪;加系杜洛克后代商品猪的瘦肉率、肋骨数显著(P<0.05)低于美系杜洛克。同一品系不同性别间背膘厚度、眼肌厚度、瘦肉率均不显著(P>0.05),加系商品公猪肋骨数极显著低于母猪肋骨数(P<0.01)。结论:美系杜洛克后代商品猪的胴体性状优于加系杜洛克后代商品猪。 相似文献
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不同类型肥育猪生长性能及胴体性状的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
作者主要探讨不同类型猪在生长性能与肌肉品质的差异。挑选50 kg 左右的鄂西黑猪(脂肪型)、长大二元杂交猪(瘦肉型)、长♂×(野♂×鄂♀) ♀(中间型)三元杂交阉公猪各24头,饲养至100 kg左右屠宰,每个品种屠宰6头,进行生长性能、胴体性状与肉质性状的测定。研究结果表明,长大二元杂交猪的生长速度显著高于鄂西黑猪(P<0.05),而与长野鄂杂交猪差异不显著(P>0.05)。长大二元杂交猪的屠宰率、瘦肉率和眼肌面积显著高于鄂西黑猪和长野鄂杂交猪(P<0.05),而料重比、背膘厚显著低于鄂西黑猪(P<0.05)。长大二元杂交猪的肌肉pH2、滴水损失和剪切力显著高于鄂西黑猪,而肌肉评分显著低于鄂西黑猪(P<0.05),而长野鄂杂交猪的肉质与长大二元杂交猪和鄂西黑猪差异均不显著(P>0.05)。 相似文献
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为研究杜洛克猪(D)、长白猪(L)、大白猪(Y)和梅山猪(M)组合的配套杂交商品猪(DLYM)的胴体品质和肉质特性,本试验对其屠宰性能和肉质性状进行了系统测定。结果表明,DLYM瘦肉率为53.97%±6.82%;平均背膘厚为3.32 cm±0.52 cm;眼肌面积为46.01 cm2±3.14 cm2;屠宰后45 min的pH1为6.69±0.52;熟化24 h后pH2为5.68±0.74;屠宰后45 min光反射值为41.59±4.24;屠宰后24 h光反射值为49.42±5.61;大理石纹为2.33±0.07;滴水损失为3.58%±0.25%;剪切力为4.82 kg±1.36 kg。综合测定结果表明,DLYM杂交商品猪瘦肉率适中,在肉质性状和胴体品质方面表现突出,非常适应西南地区对优质猪肉的需求,达到了胴体与肉质平衡发展的需求,是一种简洁高效的优质杂交组合模式。 相似文献
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为了解豫西黑猪屠宰性能、肉品质等遗传性状,以及与河南地方猪确山黑猪间的差异,本研究挑选相同条件下健康的豫西黑猪（120.28 kg±6.96 kg）和确山黑猪（117.80 kg±8.76 kg）各8头,按相关规定开展体尺指标、屠宰性能、肉品质及血液指标测定,即对豫西黑猪与确山黑猪体尺指标（体高、体长、胸围、管围等）、屠宰性能（胴体重、胴体长、皮率、骨率、屠宰率等）、肉品质（肉色、大理石纹、pH、肌内脂肪、粗灰分等）、血液指标（白细胞数、红细胞数、血小板数、血小板压积等）及两种猪肌肉氨基酸含量进行了测定。结果表明,豫西黑猪体长、胴体长、皮率和头重均显著低于确山黑猪（P<0.05）,背膘厚、瘦肉率、脾脏重、心脏重和眼肌面积均极显著或显著高于确山黑猪（P<0.01;P<0.05）。在肉品质方面,豫西黑猪大理石纹评分、pH45 min、pH24 h、粗蛋白质及粗灰分含量均显著或极显著低于确山黑猪（P<0.05;P<0.01）,但水分和磷含量均显著或极显著高于确山黑猪（P<0.05;P<0.01）。在血液指标方面,豫西黑猪血小板数目和血小板压积均极显著低于确山黑猪（P<0.01）,但其他指标与确山黑猪无明显差异（P>0.05）。豫西黑猪精氨酸、缬氨酸和组氨酸含量均显著或极显著高于确山黑猪（P<0.05;P<0.01）,甘氨酸含量极显著低于确山黑猪（P<0.01）。综上所述,豫西黑猪和确山黑猪在体尺指标、肉品质及血液指标方面均无明显差异,在屠宰性能方面豫西黑猪稍优于确山黑猪,均可为消费者提供品质优良的猪肉。 相似文献
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Indigenous Okinawa Agu pigs are crossed with Large White × Landrace (WL) pigs to improve their meat production, but there is little information regarding the crossbreeding effects. The study aims to compare growth, carcass characteristics, and meat qualities of Agu pigs with those of WL crossbreeds with Agu sires (WLA) or Duroc sires (WLD). WLA pigs showed better growth performance and carcass characteristics and less intramuscular fat (IMF) contents than Agu ones, but they had higher fat deposition, smaller longissimus dorsi muscle area, and higher IMF contents than WLD pigs. Agu pigs showed higher water holding capacity than the other two breeds. The inner layer of Agu backfat contains higher and lower proportions of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) and polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), respectively, than that in WLD animals. WLA animals had intermediate values for the fatty acid content in the inner backfat, although MUFA contents were equal to those of Agu pigs. Fatty acid profiles in IMF were similar to those in the backfat. These results indicate that crossbreeding of Agu with WL pigs improves growth performance and carcass quality. Particularly, WLA pigs have higher IMF contents and MUFA concentrations and lower PUFA concentrations than WLD pigs. 相似文献
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Soma Y Uemoto Y Sato S Shibata T Kadowaki H Kobayashi E Suzuki K 《Journal of animal science》2011,89(3):601-608
Most QTL detection studies in pigs have been carried out in experimental F(2) populations. However, segregation of a QTL must be confirmed within a purebred population for successful implementation of marker-assisted selection. Previously, QTL for meat quality and carcass traits were detected on SSC 7 in a Duroc purebred population. The objectives of the present study were to carry out a whole-genome QTL analysis (except for SSC 7) for meat production, meat quality, and carcass traits and to confirm the presence of segregating QTL in a Duroc purebred population. One thousand and four Duroc pigs were studied from base to seventh generation; the pigs comprised 1 closed population of a complex multigenerational pedigree such that all individuals were related. The pigs were evaluated for 6 growth traits, 7 body size traits, 8 carcass traits, 2 physiological traits, and 11 meat quality traits, and the number of pigs with phenotypes ranged from 421 to 953. A total of 119 markers were genotyped and then used for QTL analysis. We utilized a pedigree-based, multipoint variance components approach to test for linkage between QTL and the phenotypic values using a maximum likelihood method; the logarithm of odds score and QTL genotypic heritability were estimated. A total of 42 QTL with suggestive linkages and 3 QTL with significant linkages for 26 traits were detected. These included selection traits such as daily BW gain, backfat thickness, loin eye muscle area, and intramuscular fat content as well as correlated traits such as body size and meat quality traits. The present study disclosed QTL affecting growth, body size, and carcass, physiological, and meat quality traits in a Duroc purebred population. 相似文献
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Crossbred progeny sired by either Duroc or Pietrain boars, normal for the ryanodine receptor gene, were evaluated for carcass composition and meat quality. Boars from each breed were mated to Yorkshire or F1 Yorkshire-Landrace females. A total of 162 off-spring was evaluated for carcass and meat quality traits at a common age (approximately 26 wk of age). Duroc-sired progeny had heavier (108.0 vs. 103.0 kg, P < 0.001) and longer carcasses (86.9 vs. 84.8 cm, P < 0.01), whereas Pietrain-sired pigs had less backfat at the first rib (44.6 vs. 47.7 mm, P < 0.01), last lumbar vertebrae (20.9 vs. 23.0 mm, P < 0.05), and 10th rib (23.0 vs. 25.5 mm, P < 0.01). No difference between Pietrain and Duroc progeny was detected for fat depth at the last rib (27.8 vs. 28.8 mm, respectively). Pietrain progeny had a higher percentage of lean at slaughter (52.6 vs. 50.7, P < 0.05) and higher dressing percentage (74.0 vs. 73.1, P < 0.01). Primal cut weights were collected with Pietrain progeny having a greater percentage of carcass as ham (23.0 vs. 22.4, P < 0.01) and loin (21.6 vs. 21.2, P < 0.05), whereas Duroc progeny had a higher percentage of belly weight (12.0 vs. 11.7, P < 0.05). Percentages of Boston butt (8.8 vs. 9.0) and picnic shoulder (9.9 vs. 9.9) were similar for Duroc vs. Pietrain progeny. Total weight of these five primal cuts, as a percentage of carcass weight, was higher for Pietrain progeny (75.2 vs. 74.3, P < 0.01). With heavier carcass weight, Duroc progeny had greater primal cut weights as a function of age. Subjective meat quality scores for color, marbling, and firmness (1 to 5 scale) were more favorable for Duroc-sired progeny. Furthermore, chops from Duroc progeny had higher 24-h pH (5.53 vs. 5.48, P < 0.001) and Minolta a* (17.33 vs. 17.04, P < 0.05) with less percentage drip loss (2.88 vs. 3.80, P < 0.001). No differences were detected between Duroc- and Pietrain-sired progeny for Minolta L* (54.77 vs. 55.37) or b* (7.58 vs. 7.58) objective color scores, percentage cooking loss (28.63 vs. 29.23), or Warner-Bratzler shear force (6.94 vs. 7.11 kg). Both sire breeds have beneficial traits that can be utilized in commercial pork production and merit further study. 相似文献
19.
A study was conducted to evaluate differences in performance and in carcass composition and tissue deposition rates between purebred Duroc pigs sired by boars currently available and those sired by boars from the mid-1980s. Two lines were developed by randomly allocating littermate and half-sib pairs of females to matings by current time period (CTP) or old time period (OTP) boars. Pigs from 2 replications were placed on test at a group mean BW of 63.5 kg. Serial ultrasonic measurements of the 10th-rib LM area (LMA), off-midline backfat (BF10), and intramuscular fat percentage (IMF) were collected every 2 wk in the first replication and used to assess deposition rate differences. Off-test ultrasonic LMA, BF10, and IMF measurements from a total of 557 pigs from 23 CTP sires and 232 pigs from 15 OTP sires across 2 replications and at a mean BW of 109 kg were evaluated. All available barrows and randomly selected gilts (n = 277) were sent to a commercial abattoir, and carcass measurements of 10th-rib backfat, last-rib backfat, last lumbar backfat, and LMA were collected. Analysis of serial backfat measurements revealed a linear relationship between back-fat and BW between 73 and 118 kg for pigs from both time periods. Pigs sired by OTP boars deposited more backfat (P < 0.05) at a faster rate than pigs sired by CTP boars over the entire test period. A curvilinear cumulative tissue deposition pattern was revealed for ultrasonically estimated LMA and IMF within both time periods. Significant linear and quadratic regression coefficient differences between lines indicated that pigs sired by CTP boars deposited more LMA and less IMF per kilogram of BW gain than pigs sired by OTP boars. Pigs sired by CTP boars had more LMA and less BF10 (P < 0.05), whereas pigs sired by OTP boars had more IMF (P = 0.04). Carcass evaluation revealed more (P < 0.01) carcass measurements of LMA and less (P < 0.05) carcass measurements of 10th-rib backfat, carcass measurements of last-rib backfat, and carcass measurements of last lumbar backfat for pigs sired by CTP boars. No difference (P > 0.05) between the time periods was found for ADG over the entire test period. Results from this study illustrate that significant progress in carcass composition has been realized within the Duroc breed since the mid-1980s. The long-term selection response in carcass leanness has also resulted in changes in deposition rates of correlated traits such as LMA and IMF. 相似文献