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1.
Antigenic and genotypical characterization of Newcastle disease viruses isolated in Taiwan between 1969 and 1996 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
Tsai HJ Chang KH Tseng CH Frost KM Manvell RJ Alexander DJ 《Veterinary microbiology》2004,104(1-2):19-30
Three major epidemics of Newcastle disease (ND) occurred in Taiwan over the past three decades (in 1969, 1984, and 1995). In order to gain a better understanding of the relationships between past ND epizootics in Taiwan, 36 ND viruses (NDVs) isolated between 1969 and 1996 were characterized antigenically and genotypically. The antigenicity of these viruses was analysed by their ability to cause binding of mouse monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) to cell cultures infected with the isolate. Using a panel of 22 mAbs to divide NDVs into subgroups, a total of 18 binding patterns were revealed. The sequences covering the cleavage site of the fusion protein gene of these isolates were also determined. The results of the phylogenetic analysis placed 36 NDVs into I, II, VIb, VIIa, VIII and two novel genotypes (provisionally termed X and VIh). The 1969 velogenic isolates were of genotypes X and VIh; the 1984-1985 velogenic isolates were genotyped VIb, VIh, VIIa, and X; while the 1995-1996 velogenic isolates were genotyped VIIa or VIII. Some 1969 and 1984 velogenic isolates were of the same mAbs binding pattern and genotype, and the mAbs binding patterns of the 1995-1996 isolates have not been seen before. It is concluded that velogenic NDVs of different genotype and antigenic type have co-circulated in Taiwan at least since 1969. Also there were epizootiological links between strains isolated in 1969 and 1984, whereas the 1995-1996 epidemic was caused by new antigenic variants. 相似文献
2.
M Glenn A D Radford P C Turner M Carter D Lowery D A DeSilver J Meanger C Baulch-Brown M Bennett R M Gaskell 《Veterinary microbiology》1999,67(3):175-193
We have determined the first complete genome sequence and capsid gene sequences of feline calicivirus (FCV) isolates from the UK and Australia. These were compared with other previously published sequences. The viruses used in the comparisons were isolated between 1957 and 1995 from various geographical locations and obtained from cats showing a range of clinical signs. Despite these diverse origins, comparisons between all strains showed a similar degree of sequence variation within both ORF1 (non-structural polyprotein) and ORF2 (major capsid protein) (amino acid distances of 7.7-13.0% and 8.8-18.6%, respectively). In contrast, ORF3 (putative minor structural protein) sequences indicated a more heterogenous distribution of FCV relatedness (amino acid distances of 1.9-17.9%). Phylogenetic analysis suggested that, unlike some other caliciviruses, FCV isolates within the current data set fall into one diverse genogroup. Within this group, there was an overall lack of geographic or temporal clustering which may be related to the epidemiology of FCV infection in cats. Analysis of regions of variability in the genome has shown that, as well as the previously identified variable regions in ORF2, similar domains exist within ORFs 1 and 3 also, although to a lesser extent. In ORF1, these variable domains largely fall between the putative non-structural protein functional domains. 相似文献
3.
M. Nagai M. Sato H. Nagano H. Pang X. Kong T. Murakami T. Ozawa H. Akashi 《Veterinary microbiology》1998,60(2-4):271-276
Cytopathogenic and non-cytopathogenic bovine viral diarrhea viruses (BVDVs) were isolated from cattle with mucosal disease or persistent infection in Japan. These isolates were compared for antigenic properties by cross-neutralization tests with Japanese reference strains of BVDV belonging to classical type 1. Significantly low cross-reactivity to reference strains was noted, indicating the viruses to possibly represent a new serotype in Japan. Thus, to determine the genotype of the isolates, nucleotide sequences of the 5′ untranslated region were determined and compared with those of previously reported BVDV 1 and 2. The isolates were clearly shown to belong to BVDV 2, not to BVDV 1. 相似文献
4.
Ohe K Sakai S Sunaga F Murakami M Kiuchi A Fukuyama M Furuhata K Hara M Soma T Ishikawa Y Taneno A 《Veterinary research communications》2006,30(3):293-305
We analysed genogroups of four feline calcivirus (FCV) isolates (FCV-S, H10, Ao198-1 and ML89) obtained from cats that experienced
FCV infection after having been vaccinated against FCV. New PCR primer sets (8F/8R, Ao-S/Ao-A, cp-S/cp-A) were also designed,
since the conventional Seal primer failed to amplify the target sequences in two samples. The genogroups of the four isolates
as well as eight global and 17 domestic strains were determined by phylogenetic analysis of their amino acid sequences. One
out of the four strains (25%) isolated in this study, H10, was grouped into genogroup I, along with the vaccine strains F9
and FCV-255. The other three isolates (75%) belonged to genogroup II. Thus, there were more isolates in genogroup II than
in genogroup I. However, the antibody values of the four isolates against cat anti-F9 antisera were significantly decreased.
There may be no relationship between the neutralizing antibody titre and genogroup. Amino acid sequence alignment of the four
isolates showed that only a single amino acid in region C, which is involved in neutralization epitopes, was different in
ML89 strain from that of F9. The other three strains, H10, Ao198-1 and FCV-B, shared the same amino acid sequence with F9.
Alignment of amino acids for linear epitopes in the F9 strain, which are located at regions D and E, showed variations in
5' hypervariable region (HVR) of E, whereas D and conE had only synonymous substitutions i.e. no change in the amino acid
sequence. This mutation in 5' HVR of region E suggested a vaccine breakdown, as the region is known to be essential for antigenicity.
The genogroup II FCV is likely to be the cause of the FCV infection in this study, while the vaccine strains belong to genogroup
I. Thus, the existing vaccine may need reevaluation for its effectiveness. 相似文献
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6.
Tawatchai Pohuang Niwat Chansiripornchai Achara Tawatsin Jiroj Sasipreeyajan 《Journal of veterinary science (Suw?n-si, Korea)》2009,10(3):219-223
Thirteen field isolates of infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) were isolated from broiler flocks in Thailand between January and June 2008. The 878-bp of the S1 gene covering a hypervariable region was amplified and sequenced. Phylogenetic analysis based on that region revealed that these viruses were separated into two groups (I and II). IBV isolates in group I were not related to other IBV strains published in the GenBank database. Group 1 nucleotide sequence identities were less than 85% and amino acid sequence identities less than 84% in common with IBVs published in the GenBank database. This group likely represents the strains indigenous to Thailand. The isolates in group II showed a close relationship with Chinese IBVs. They had nucleotide sequence identities of 97-98% and amino acid sequence identities 96-98% in common with Chinese IBVs (strain A2, SH and QXIBV). This finding indicated that the recent Thai IBVs evolved separately and at least two groups of viruses are circulating in Thailand. 相似文献
7.
The complete coding region of hemagglutinin genes from 26 influenza A viruses of H9N2 subtype isolated from chicken flocks in China during 1996-2001 was amplified and sequenced. Sequence analysis and phylogenetic studies of H9N2 subtype viruses on the basis of data of 26 viruses in this study and 71 selected strains available in the GenBank were conducted. The results revealed that all the mainland China isolates showed high homology (94.19%-100%) and were assigned to a special sublineage in the major Eurasian lineage, in contrast to the high heterogeneity of Hong Kong SAR isolates. All the 29 mainland China isolates and six Hong Kong SAR strains also had the following common characteristics: sharing the same sequence of proteolytic cleavage site with one additional basic amino acid, RSSR, with only two exceptions; having the same amino acid motif of the receptor-binding site, YWTNV/ALY; 23 of 28 isolates bearing seven potential glycosylation sites and the remaining five having six; and sharing characteristic deduced amino acid residues Asn-183 at the receptor-binding site and Ser-130 at the potential glycosylation site. We concluded that the H9N2 subtype influenza viruses circulating in chicken flocks in China since the 1990s and Ck/HK/G9/97-like viruses isolated in Hong Kong SAR should have a common origin, whereas Qu/HK/G1/97-like viruses including human strains isolated in Hong Kong SAR might originate from other places. The available evidence also suggests that the H9N2 viruses of special lineage themselves and factors prone to secondary infections may contribute to the widespread and dominant distribution of viruses of this subtype in chicken flocks in China and other Asian countries. 相似文献
8.
M Shimizu H Watanabe K Satou S Murakami 《Nippon juigaku zasshi. The Japanese journal of veterinary science》1989,51(6):1115-1122
Twenty nine recent isolates of bovine viral diarrhea-mucosal disease (BVD-MD) virus, 17 from persistently infected cattle and 12 from mucosal disease, were compared antigenically with the reference strains by a serum neutralization test. The reference viruses were divided into 2 groups, tentatively designated as N and K, based on the antigenic relationships in the cross-neutralization test. Antigenic properties of recent isolates were considerably different with the sources of virus isolation. Seventeen isolates recovered from persistently infected cattle were divided into 3 groups in the neutralization test using antisera to the reference strains; 12 and 2 were considered as the possible members of groups K and N, respectively, and the others belonged to neither group. On the other hand, 10 of 12 isolates recovered from mucosal disease were considered as the possible members of group N, and the others were classified into neither group. Interestingly, none of BVD-MD viruses isolated from cases of mucosal disease belonged to group K. The results of serologic survey on sera collected from 713 cattle at the Hokkaido provinces in 1974 to 1988 indicated that infections of cattle with BVD-MD viruses other than group K were prominent before 1981. Cattle infected with group K BVD-MD virus were first detected in 1982, and increased in number thereafter. The results obtained in this study suggested that BVD-MD viruses with various antigenic properties spread widely among cattle herds, and also a possibility that clinical manifestations in cattle infected with BVD-MD viruses may differ with their antigenic properties. 相似文献
9.
Saito T Watanabe C Takemae N Chaisingh A Uchida Y Buranathai C Suzuki H Okamatsu M Imada T Parchariyanon S Traiwanatam N Yamaguchi S 《Veterinary microbiology》2009,133(1-2):65-74
Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses of the H5N1 subtype have caused several rounds of outbreaks in Thailand. In this study, we used 3 HPAI viruses isolated in Thailand in January 2004 from chicken, quail, and duck for genetic and pathogenetic studies. Sequence analysis of the entire genomes of these isolates revealed that they were genetically similar to each other. Chickens, quails, domestic ducks, and cross-bred ducks were inoculated with these isolates to evaluate their pathogenicity to different host species. A/chicken/Yamaguchi/7/04 (H5N1), an HPAI virus isolated in Japan, was also used in the chicken and quail studies for comparison. All four isolates were shown to be highly pathogenic to chickens and quails, with 100% mortality by 10(6) EID50 inoculants of the viruses. They caused sudden death in chickens and quails within 2-4 days after inoculation. The mean death times (MDT) of quails infected with the Thai isolates were shorter than those of chickens infected with the same isolates. Mortality against domestic and cross-bred ducks ranged from 50 to 75% by intranasal inoculation with the 10(6) EID50 viruses. Neurological symptoms were observed in most of the inoculated domestic ducks and appeared less severe in the cross-bred ducks. The MDTs of the ducks infected with the Thai isolates were 4.8-6 days post-inoculation. Most of the surviving ducks infected with the Thai isolates had sero-converted until 14 dpi. Our study illustrated the pathobiology of the Thai isolates against different poultry species and would provide useful information for improving control strategies against HPAI. 相似文献
10.
Resistance to 16 antimicrobial agents was monitored in 109,125 Salmonella cultures isolated from animals, their environment and feedstuffs between 1988 and 1999. The sensitivity of the 6512 isolates of Salmonella enterica enterica serotype Dublin to all the antimicrobial agents tested varied from 98.2 per cent in 1997 to 99.7 per cent in 1990 and 1996. In contrast, among 28,053 isolates of Salmonella enterica enterica serotype Typhimurium, there was a marked decrease in their sensitivity to all the antimicrobial agents tested, from 57.4 per cent in 1992 to 7.6 per cent in 1995, owing to the widespread occurrence in farm animals of S Typhimurium isolates of the definitive type DT104, resistant to ampicillin, sulphonamides, streptomycin, chloramphenicol and tetracyclines, although the percentage of sensitive isolates increased to 18.4 per cent in 1999, when the incidence of DT104 had decreased. Some isolates of DT104 also showed an increase in resistance to potentiated sulphonamides (2.4 per cent in 1989 to 19.2 per cent in 1999) and nalidixic acid (0 per cent in 1992, 3.8 per cent in 1995 to a peak of 16.9 per cent in 1998). In 1996, 5.1 per cent of 1086 isolates of S Typhimurium from cattle and 35.9 per cent of 192 isolates of S Typhimurium from poultry showed resistance to nalidixic acid. Of the other 74,528 Salmonella isolates, the percentage of strains sensitive to all the antimicrobials tested decreased slightly from 88.2 per cent in 1988 to 70.6 per cent in 1996 and then increased slightly to 73.7 per cent in 1999. The commonest of these other Salmonella serotypes was Salmonella Enteritidis (20,982), which remained predominantly susceptible (ranging from 81.4 to 97.4 per cent) during the study period. Few isolates were resistant to commonly used veterinary antimicrobials, for example, furazolidone, the use of which was banned in 1990, and the aminoglycoside, apramycin. 相似文献
11.
Recently Infectious Bursal Disease Virus isolates have been described in USA displaying an antigenic drift. Many of the new isolates were very virulent for chickens. In several European countries severe outbreaks of Gumboro disease have also been reported from vaccinated and non-vaccinated flocks. Since vaccinated SPF birds were shown to be protected against challenge infection with the new isolates under laboratory conditions, a more detailed investigation of the European isolates is wanted. The similarity between the European and US field situation got us to use a panel of monoclonal antibodies (MCAs) previously applied to characterize US strains for testing European isolates. An antigen capture ELISA has been carried out directly on bursa homogenates of chickens form the field. One European (F52/70) and two US (Var. E and GLS-5) strains have been included as reference viruses. From the results presented here it can be concluded that the European isolates (Netherlands, France, UK, Germany, Jugoslavia and Spain) did not undergo the same antigenic drift as the US strains. A more extensive analysis of the isolates will be done to elucidate their role for disease outbreaks. 相似文献
12.
Jørgensen PH Handberg KJ Ahrens P Therkildsen OR Manvell RJ Alexander DJ 《The Veterinary record》2004,154(16):497-500
Twenty-one strains of avian paramyxovirus type 1 of low virulence for chickens were isolated in Denmark between 1996 and the beginning of 2003. The low virulence of the strains was demonstrated by sequencing the fusion (F) gene at the cleavage site motif and in some cases by determining the intracerebral pathogenicity index in day-old chicks. By using a panel of monoclonal antibodies it was shown that the isolates belonged to four different antigenic groups (five C2 isolates, six E isolates, six H isolates and four G/Q isolates). They were placed in three distinguishable genetic groups by phylogenetic analysis of a partial sequence of the F gene. The origin of the six E isolates was probably contaminated vaccines; the other viruses were isolated from wild birds and from poultry which probably came into contact with wild birds. 相似文献
13.
RT-PCR快速诊断禽流感 总被引：18，自引：0，他引：18
根据禽流感病毒ＮＰ基因的序列分析结果,设计了一对ＮＰ基因特异的引物。采用该对引物,不经病毒分离,直接从禽流感病毒感染鸡的气管、泄殖腔棉拭子和组织样品中提取核酸, ＲＴ～ＰＣＲ可以扩增出 ３２６ｂｐ的 ＮＰ基因片段。采用该技术对１４个亚型禽流感病毒标准参考株,４个亚型１２株国内分离野毒株,ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ检测的结果都呈阳性;对新城疫病毒、传染性法氏囊病毒、传染性支气管炎病毒、传染性喉气管炎病毒以及减蛋综合症病毒,ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ扩增结果都呈阴性。禽流感病毒 Ａ／Ｇｏｏｓｅ／Ｇｕａｎｇｄｏｎｇ（Ｈ５Ｎ１）和 Ａ／Ａｆｒｉｃａｎ Ｓｔａｒｌｉｎｇ／Ｅｎｇｌａｎｄ（Ｈ７Ｎ１）实验感染鸡样品 ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ检测与鸡胚病毒分离阳性率分别为３４／４２、３２／４２; ２４／５５、２４／５５, 二者符合率大于９５％。 ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ最少可检测到１０ｐｇ的病毒核酸。对山东某地发病鸡场样品进行ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ检测,只用６个小时就可得出准确的诊断结果,证明ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ检测方法敏感特异,可用于禽流感的快速诊断。 相似文献
14.
Vega S Rosell R Paton DJ Orden JA de la Fuente R 《Journal of veterinary medicine. B, Infectious diseases and veterinary public health》2000,47(9):701-706
A group of 47 bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) strains isolated from a variety of bovine tissues from eight different geographical areas of Spain and two BVDV strains isolated from a cell line were characterized antigenically with a panel of 23 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). The mAbs were directed at one of three viral proteins: E2, Erns and NS2-3. A peroxidase-linked assay was used to test the mAbs for reactivity against infected cell monolayers. The data were analysed by two computational methods: the Antigenic Distance Program (MAP) and the Phylogeny Inference Package (PHYLIP), and compared with those obtained previously using the same mAbs with other pestiviruses, including reference strains and UK field isolates. All the Spanish field strains studied appeared to be broadly similar to reference strains of BVDV and were included in the subgroup of classical BVDV, meanwhile the two strains isolated from a cell line were included in the subgroup of atypical pestiviruses. 相似文献
15.
Rabies viruses isolated from healthy dogs, were passaged in mice and adapted to cell culture. After 5-7 passages, isolated viruses were subjected to monoclonal antibody (Mab) characterization with a panel of 36 anti-nucleocapsid (NC) and 40 anti-glycoprotein (G) MAbs. The four viruses showed positive fluorescence with all NC hybridomas except MAb 422-5, confirming them as true rabies virus isolates. The anti-G MAb reactivity pattern was the same in the four isolates indicating that they belong to the same antigenic group, but were antigenically distinct from the Flury LEP rabies vaccine virus which is widely used throughout Nigeria for canine vaccination, and from other previously characterized street lyssaviruses from Nigeria. 相似文献
16.
The hemagglutinin (HA) of six H5 influenza virus strains isolated from ducks in Japan and China in 1976 to 1996 were analyzed antigenically and genetically. Antigenic analysis using a panel of monoclonal antibodies revealed that the HA of H5 influenza viruses isolated from ducks are antigenically closely related to each other. Phylogenetic analysis indicates that the isolates from ducks in Hokkaido were derived from an ancestor common with the highly pathogenic isolates from chickens and humans in Hong Kong in 1997. 相似文献
17.
坦布苏病毒鸡源分离株全基因组及遗传变异分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了解引起鸡产蛋骤降的坦布苏病毒全基因组分子特征,本试验运用RT-PCR技术克隆测定了2株坦布苏病毒鸡源分离株全基因组序列,其基因组为10 990nt,包含1个10 278nt的开放阅读框架,与GenBank数据库中登录的坦布苏病毒参考株一致,与2010年以来的坦布苏病毒毒株核苷酸及推导氨基酸同源性均在98%以上,与2010年前的坦布苏病毒核苷酸和氨基酸序列同源性仅分别为88%和96%左右。基于坦布苏病毒全基因组序列的分子系统进化分析,发现2株鸡源坦布苏病毒与2010年以来分离的各种禽源坦布苏病毒株均处于同一大的进化分支,且相互间的遗传距离均小于2%。以上研究结果表明,坦布苏病毒鸡源分离株与其他禽源病毒分离株的基因组差异不明显,各分离株亲缘关系非常近。 相似文献
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19.
Borchers K Daly J Stiens G Kreling K Kreling I Ludwig H 《Veterinary microbiology》2005,107(1-2):13-21
Reported here are the results of antigenic and genetic characterisation of equine influenza strains causing local outbreaks reported to the Equine Diagnostic Centre in Berlin, Germany. In 2000, equine influenza virus was detected in a nasal swab from a non-vaccinated horse using a rapid diagnostic kit, but was not successfully isolated. Partial direct sequencing of the haemagglutinin (HA1) gene, indicated that the virus was a European lineage H3N8 subtype strain representative of strains isolated in several European countries during 2000. In 2002, two equine influenza viruses were isolated from nasal swabs both taken from unvaccinated horses with acute respiratory symptoms housed at the same stables. Antigenic characterisation using a panel of ferret antisera suggested that these isolates also belonged to the European lineage of H3N8 viruses. Analysis of deduced HA1 amino acid sequences confirmed that the HA1 of both isolates were identical and belonged to the European lineage. However, from phylogenetic analysis, both strains appeared to be more closely related to viruses isolated between 1989 and 1995 than to viruses isolated more recently in Europe. These results suggested that viruses with fewer changes than those on the main evolutionary lineage may continue to circulate. The importance of expanding current equine influenza surveillance efforts is emphasised. 相似文献
20.
Mycoplasma synoviae (MS) isolates made in 1988-89 from turkey flocks in North Carolina, Missouri, and Ontario, Canada, were compared with each other and MS reference strains (WVU-1853, F10-2AS, Neb-3S, and K1968) by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) of cell proteins and restriction endonuclease analysis (REA) of DNA. SDS-PAGE and REA indicated considerable homology among MS reference strains and recent field isolates. However, sufficient differences were resolved to identify the MS reference strains as different from each other and the field isolates, and to classify seven of nine recent field isolates as a cluster of nearly identical strains. The results suggest that flocks infected with members of the cluster were epizootiologically associated, possibly by a common or point source of infection. 相似文献