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腹泻犊牛大肠埃希菌的分离鉴定及药敏试验 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对陕西省某奶牛场一起犊牛腹泻病例进行诊断和治疗。无菌采集腹泻犊牛肝脏和脾脏组织进行微生物学检测、小鼠致病性试验和药敏试验。结果显示,被检测病料中,牛病毒性腹泻病毒(BVDV)、牛腺病毒7型(BAdV-7)、牛冠状病毒(BCoV)、牛轮状病毒(BRV)检测结果均为阴性;分别从脾脏和肝脏组织分离培养到2株细菌,其培养特性和生化试验结果与大肠埃希菌高度相似,16S rRNA基因测序结果与大肠埃希菌的同源性为100%;动物致病性试验显示,分离菌能致试验小鼠死亡;药敏试验结果显示,该菌对左氧氟沙星、庆大霉素高度敏感,对头孢呋辛、恩诺沙星不敏感;临床选择敏感药物左氧氟沙星进行治疗,犊牛腹泻很快得到控制。 相似文献
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内蒙古锡林郭勒盟犊牛腹泻大肠杆菌的分离鉴定及药物敏感性试验 《畜牧与饲料科学》2021,42(6):106-111
[目的] 确定内蒙古锡林郭勒盟多伦县某养殖场犊牛腹泻的致病菌,为选择敏感药物治疗该病提供依据。[方法] 无菌采集腹泻犊牛肛拭子进行细菌培养鉴定、致病性试验及体外药物敏感试验。[结果] 肛拭子经培养后的菌落形态一致,经表型鉴定、生理生化鉴定及16S rDNA鉴定确定分离菌为大肠杆菌;大肠杆菌分型引物鉴定分离菌株为ETEC型;且分离菌株可致小鼠死亡;分离菌株对氨苄西林、氨曲南、头孢唑啉、四环素、氧氟沙星、左氧氟沙星、复方新诺明等21种药物表现为耐药,对头孢哌酮、头孢曲松、克林霉素、多黏菌素B、米诺环素等10种药物表现为中度敏感,对头孢西丁、万古霉素、环丙沙星及呋喃妥因4种药物表现为敏感。[结论] 该养殖场的犊牛腹泻是由大肠杆菌ETEC型所致,临床治疗过程中可使用环丙沙星。 相似文献
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[目的] 确定内蒙古呼伦贝尔市新巴尔虎右旗家庭牧场犊牛腹泻的原因,并为该牧场犊牛腹泻的治疗提供药物选择方案。[方法] 无菌采集发病犊牛肛拭子进行细菌培养鉴定及体外药物敏感性试验。[结果] 从腹泻犊牛肛拭子样本分离到1株细菌,经培养后菌落形态一致,通过革兰染色鉴定、生理生化鉴定及16S rDNA鉴定确定该菌为雷氏普罗威登斯菌;该菌对氨曲南、头孢他啶、头孢噻肟、头孢吡肟、头孢曲松、四环素、氯霉素、呋喃妥因8种药物表现为耐药;对氨苄西林、庆大霉素2种药物表现为中度敏感;对头孢西丁、链霉素、哌拉西林、阿米卡星、氧氟沙星、诺氟沙星、左氧氟沙星7种药物表现为敏感。[结论] 该养殖场的犊牛腹泻是由雷氏普罗威登斯菌所致,临床治疗过程中可使用链霉素。 相似文献
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《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2018,(23)
为了查明导致石河子地区某规模化牛场犊牛腹泻的原因,试验采集了此牛场53头出现典型腹泻症状犊牛的粪样,运用细菌培养特性试验、生化试验、药敏试验、小鼠致病性试验、血清型鉴定试验等确定该菌株的具体分类及其特性。结果表明:从53头腹泻犊牛的粪样中共分离得到29株细菌,经生化试验鉴定为大肠杆菌;药敏试验中敏感率大于50.00%的抗生素有阿奇霉素(89.66%)、头孢他啶(82.76%)、恩诺沙星(79.31%)、卡那霉素(72.41%)、诺氟沙星(68.97%)、氟苯尼考(58.62%);小鼠致病性试验中使小鼠在48 h内死亡的菌株有26株;此牛场的大肠杆菌优势血清型为O_(78)。 相似文献
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为了明确新疆石河子某规模化奶牛场犊牛腹泻病死率较高的原因。本研究对腹泻犊牛的粪样及病死犊牛肠道内容物进行病原检测,并对分离菌株进行毒力基因检测、耐药基因检测、动物致病性试验及药敏试验。最终明确病因主要由牛冠状病毒(BCoV)和牛轮状病毒(BRV)和大肠杆菌混合感染引起。药敏试验表明,分离到的大肠杆菌对28种抗生素产生了严重的耐药,仅对多粘菌素和呋喃妥因敏感,并且发现该菌同时携带2种毒力基因和10种耐药基因。本研究分离的一株大肠杆菌携带有丰富的耐药基因,具有多重耐药性,为该奶牛场上临床治疗加大了难度。而本试验结果为该养殖场提供科学的临床药物指导,为该牛场治疗此次犊牛腹泻提供了依据,同时为新疆犊牛腹泻混合感染的防控提供了病例参考和技术资料。 相似文献
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《畜牧与兽医》2014,(11):87-89
为了研究临床犬致病性大肠杆菌的耐药性,指导临床用药,试验采用鉴别培养基从10只腹泻犬肛拭子病料中分离大肠杆菌,并对分离得到的菌株进行生理生化鉴定和分子生物学鉴定,同时对其致病性和药物敏感性进行检测。结果显示从10份病料中均分离到大肠杆菌,试验共分离到10株大肠杆菌,其中有8株具有致病性。这8株致病性大肠杆菌对临床常见的16种药物表现了不同程度的耐药性,其中2株对所有的16种抗生素均耐药,在临床诊疗中应该引起足够的高度重视。分离株对临床上应用较早的药物,如复方新诺明、四环素、氨苄西林具有很强的耐药性,对头孢西丁、磷霉素、阿米卡星比较敏感,建议临床选用这3种药物对腹泻犬进行治疗。 相似文献
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[目的]为查明致北疆地区某牧场犊牛腹泻的病原,对脱水濒死10日龄新生犊牛进行剖检,无菌采集充血肠系膜淋巴结2 份。[方法]通过采用培养、染色镜检、生化特性考察、PCR鉴定等方法来分离鉴定致病菌,并对分离致病菌株进行相关毒力基因检测及药物敏感性试验。[结果]经分离鉴定分离出4 株大肠杆菌,毒力基因PCR检测结果K99、Sta、irp2、Eae基因分别在163 bp、314 bp、301 bp、552 bp处有清晰条带,与预期[目的]片段大小相符;药物敏感性试验结果表明,分离株对头孢哌酮、链霉素、庆大霉素敏感,对恩诺沙星、卡那霉素高度敏感。[结论]犊牛腹泻要以预防为主,治疗建议采用对因治疗,并配合提高抵抗力的中兽药进行。 相似文献
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试验选用96头平均体重14.82 kg左右的杜×长×大断奶仔猪,随机分成4组,每组3栏,每栏8头(公母各半)。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1、2、3组分别添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖和1%微米白术。试验期30 d。结果表明:在生长性能方面,与对照组相比,1%微米白术添加组可显著提高日增重(P0.05)、降低饲料增重比和腹泻率,而且效果优于1%80目白术组和0.2%白术多糖组,在肠道形态和肠道微生态区系方面,与对照组相比,日粮添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖、1%微米白术均可不同程度的提高十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度,加深十二指肠和空肠的隐窝深度,并且增加肠道微生态区系的多样性,其中以1%微米白术添加组的效果最佳。 相似文献
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Sissay, M.M., Uggla, A. and Waller, P.J., XXXX. Prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections
of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, XXXX. A 2-year abattoir survey was carried out to determine the prevalence, abundance and seasonal incidence of gastro-intestinal
(GI) nematodes and trematodes (flukes) of sheep and goats in the semi-arid zone of eastern Ethiopia. During May 2003 to April
2005, viscera including liver, lungs and GI tracts were collected from 655 sheep and 632 goats slaughtered at 4 abattoirs
located in the towns of Haramaya, Harar, Dire Dawa and Jijiga in eastern Ethiopia. All animals were raised in the farming
areas located within the community boundaries for each town. Collected materials were transported within 24 h to the parasitology
laboratory of Haramaya University for immediate processing. Thirteen species belonging to 9 genera of GI nematodes (Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, T. vitrinus, Nematodirus filicollis, N. spathiger, Oesophagostomum
columbianum, O. venulosum, Strongyloides papillosus, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Trichuris ovis, Cooperia curticei and Chabertia ovina), and 4 species belonging to 3 genera of trematodes (Fasciola hepatica, F. gigantica, Paramphistomum {Calicohoron} microbothrium and Dicrocoelium dendriticum) were recorded in both sheep and goats. All animals in this investigation were infected with multiple species to varying
degrees. The mean burdens of adult nematodes were generally moderate in both sheep and goats and showed patterns of seasonal
abundance that corresponded with the bi-modal annual rainfall pattern, with highest burdens around the middle of the rainy
season. In both sheep and goats there were significant differences in the mean worm burdens and abundance of the different
nematode species between the four geographic locations, with worm burdens in the Haramaya and Harar areas greater than those
observed in the Dire Dawa and Jijiga locations. Similar seasonal variations were also observed in the prevalence of flukes.
But there were no significant differences in the prevalence of each fluke species between the four locations. Overall, the
results showed that Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus, Oesophagostomum, Fasciola and Paramphistomum species were the most abundant helminth parasites of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. 相似文献
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Tropical Animal Health and Production - 相似文献
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Rassnick KM Gieger TL Williams LE Ruslander DM Northrup NC Kristal O Myers NC Moore AS 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2001,15(3):196-199
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks. 相似文献
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H Hayashi T Yoshimura J Y Chen 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》1985,8(2):73-87
Our particular attention in this article was given to natural mediators for macrophages isolated from the sites of tissue injury. A number of chemotactic factors, which may satisfy many criteria making them acceptable as inflammatory leucocyte chemotactic factors, has been separated. Among them, our laboratory has isolated three macrophage (monocyte) chemotactic factors (MCF-a, -b and -c). Their purification, characterization and functional specificity are discussed. 相似文献
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Davis MS Willard MD Nelson SL Mandsager RE McKiernan BS Mansell JK Lehenbauer TW 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(3):311-314
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large. 相似文献
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B. Cinar Kul N. Bilgen J.A. Lenstra O. Korkmaz Agaoglu B. Akyuz O. Ertugrul 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2015,132(6):449-453
Genetic variations in chromosome Y are enabling researchers to identify paternal lineages, which are informative for introgressions and migrations. In this study, the male‐specific region markers, sex‐determining region‐Y (SRY), amelogenin (AMELY) and zinc finger (ZFY) were analysed in seven Turkish native goat breeds, Angora, Kilis, Hair, Honaml?, Norduz, Gürcü and Abaza. A SNP in the ZFY gene defined a new haplotype Y2C. All domestic haplogroups originate from Capra aegagrus, while the finding of Y1A, Y1B, Y2A and Y2C in 32, 4, 126 and 2 Turkish domestic goats, respectively, appears to indicate a predomestic origin of the major haplotypes. The occurrence of four haplotypes in the Hair goat and, in contrast, a frequency of 96% of Y1A in the Kilis breed illustrate that Y‐chromosomal variants have a more breed‐dependent distribution than mitochondrial or autosomal DNA. This probably reflects male founder effects, but a role in adaptation cannot be excluded. 相似文献
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Furosemide continuous rate infusion in the horse: evaluation of enhanced efficacy and reduced side effects 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Johansson AM Gardner SY Levine JF Papich MG LaFevers DH Fuquay LR Reagan VH Atkins CE 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(6):887-895
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses. 相似文献
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Ling GV Thurmond MC Choi YK Franti CE Ruby AL Johnson DL 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(6):817-823
The objective of this report was to characterize 20-year changes in proportion of calcium oxalate (CaOx) calculi and struvite calculi in dogs, and associations with breed, age, and sex. In this retrospective study, results of analysis of urinary calculi from dogs were reviewed for specimens received between July 1, 1981, and December 31, 2001. Breed, sex, age, year of submission of the specimen, and mineral type(s) were analyzed statistically. CaOx or Struvite or both were contained in 18,966 of 20,884 (91%) specimens. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant increase was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained CaOx. The increase in this proportion was greater in females (1% to 31%) than in males (18% to 82%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions may have plateaued, the odds of specimens containing CaOx were markedly higher in 18 breeds, markedly lower in 5 breeds, and not significantly different in 13 breeds compared with crossbreds. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant decrease was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained struvite. This decrease in proportion was greater for males (79-16%) than for females (97-68%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions plateaued, the odds of calculi containing struvite were markedly lower in 20 breeds, markedly higher in 1 breed, and not significantly different in 15 breeds when compared with crossbreds. Breed, age, and sex were associated statistically with CaOx or struvite urolithiasis. In conclusion, there appears to have been a long-term increase in the proportion of specimens of canine urinary calculi that contain CaOx as well as a long-term decrease in the proportion of specimens of calculi that contain struvite for both male and female dogs. The rate of change appeared to begin leveling off in the period 1998 to 2001. The recent proportion of dogs with either CaOx- or struvite-associated urolithiasis may depend on breed, age, and sex, and on interactions among these 3 factors. 相似文献
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<正>1.INTRODUCTION Ensuring transportation network security is one Of the most daunting challenges confronting homeland security agencies today.Significant research has been dedicated.To model and analyze the vulnerability of transportation systems,while notably fewer studies propose specific strategies for deploying defensive technologies to safeguard these systems. 相似文献