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1.
低温对不同虫态烟草甲的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
利用低温处理方法,对不同虫态烟草甲进行处理。研究结果表明,各虫态烟草甲耐低温的顺序从高到低依次是:幼虫、成虫、卵。-20℃处理,各虫态烟草甲死亡率都为100%;-10℃低温条件下,处理1h以上,烟草甲卵和成虫全部死亡,处理72h以上,烟草甲幼虫全部死亡;5℃处理72h以上,烟草甲卵不再孵化,5℃处理20d不能使烟草甲幼虫和成虫完全致死,但影响幼虫化蛹和成虫产卵。各温度处理中烟草甲幼虫最终羽化率为0,成虫单雌产卵量为0。0℃,5℃卵最高孵化率均为41.67%。对照中幼虫最终羽化率为77%、卵最终孵化率为52%。 相似文献
2.
为明确玉米象成虫的产卵节律,给综合治理玉米象提供理论支撑,采用传统的生物学测定方法,测定了玉米象成虫在5 种储粮中的产卵节律。结果表明：在(27±1)℃条件下,玉米象雌成虫在糯玉米、薏米、普通玉米、高粱和小麦中的产卵历期分别为137.14、122.86、85.71、80.00、51.43 天。玉米象单头雌成虫在糯玉米、薏米、普通玉米、高粱和小麦中的产卵量分别为45.65、45.34、21.34、49.20、33.97粒。玉米象雌虫无明显的产卵前期,羽化后当天即可产卵,但不同储粮中玉米象雌成虫的产卵节律不同。在高粱和小麦中,雌成虫的产卵高峰期出现在羽化后10~20 天,在普通玉米中出现在羽化后的20~30 天,而薏米组中的则出现在羽化后40~50 天,糯玉米组为羽化后70~80 天。综合试验结果认为：玉米象的繁殖力和产卵节律受储粮种类的影响。 相似文献
3.
旋毛虫肌幼虫总RNA提取方法研究初报 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
【研究目的】探索高质量的旋毛虫(Trichinella spiralis)肌幼虫总RNA提取方法；【方法】利用Trizol试剂采用三种方法提取旋毛虫肌幼虫总RNA。(1)液氮预冷的研钵中研磨新鲜虫体至样品快融化时，加入适量的Trizol，继续研磨至液状后转移到离心管中；(2)A将新分离的虫体放到-20℃预冷的研钵中，在研磨过程中不断地添加液氮以保持虫体冷冻，之后对冷冻状的样品粉末继续操作；B把液氮冻存的新鲜旋毛虫肌幼虫取出，放到-20℃预冷的研钵中重复A的操作；(3)新鲜虫体放入匀浆器中，加适量Trizol，在冰水混合物中研磨20分钟。虫体破碎后按Trizol说明书继续抽提。最后通过凝胶电泳和紫外吸收光度值检测。【结果】用液氮和Trizol结合的方法，使用新鲜样品提取旋毛虫肌幼虫总RNA，在纯度和得率上都较为理想；【结论】使用新鲜的样品，且液氮与裂解液结合，是获得高质量RNA的可行方法。 相似文献
4.
龙眼长跗萤叶甲成虫耐寒性及卵的发育起点温度和有效积温的研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文对龙眼长跗萤叶甲成虫耐寒性及卵的发育起点温度和有效积温进行了测定。结果表明:成虫的雌虫体过冷却点－5.56~－13.38℃,平均－10.75℃;体液冰点为－2.32~－10.41℃,平均－6.5℃。雄虫体过冷却点为－5.56~－11.22℃,平均－8.88℃;体液冰为－0.7~－7.71℃,平均－3.80 ℃。雌虫的耐寒性强于雄虫。龙眼长跗萤叶甲卵在常温条件下,其发育起点温度是15.8±0.7℃,有效积温是142.5±9.5日度,卵发育速率与温度关系公式为：V=[T-(15.8±0.7)]／(142.5±9.5)。由研究结果推测目前广西龙眼栽种区都可能成为此虫发生分布区和潜在发生分布区。 相似文献
5.
《棉花学报》2021,33(4)
【目的】龟纹瓢虫是农田害虫的重要捕食性天敌。明确龟纹瓢虫生长发育、卵子发生和滤泡上皮细胞发育规律对于解决人工扩繁龟纹瓢虫的难题至关重要。【方法】对龟纹瓢虫生长发育和生殖相关参数进行了测定,并通过细胞核和细胞骨架染色对龟纹瓢虫卵巢小管和滤泡上皮细胞形态进行系统观察。【结果】(1)龟纹瓢虫1龄、2龄、3龄、4龄幼虫、蛹、雌成虫、雄成虫平均历期分别为1.13 d±0.09 d、1.48 d±0.11 d、1.34 d±0.08 d、2.34d±0.06 d、2.81 d±0.08 d、51.08 d±1.13 d、48.36 d±1.29 d。在2～3龄幼虫期体长增加最快,4龄幼虫体长达到最长9.32 mm±0.27 mm,成虫体宽达到最宽3.70 mm±0.05 mm;(2)单雌日均产卵量最高为14.42粒±2.36粒,单雌累计产卵量为414粒±41.27粒,最高可达654粒。(3)明确了卵泡和卵母细胞动态变化,并观察到在卵黄沉积期滤泡上皮细胞间隙的形成,主要用于卵母细胞摄取卵黄原蛋白。【结论】本研究明确了龟纹瓢虫体长、体宽和卵子发生规律、滤泡上皮细胞发育规律,为进一步探索龟纹瓢虫生殖调控分子机制、解决人工扩繁难题提供理论依据。 相似文献
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旨在为草地贪夜蛾的预测预报、科学防控、适生性分析以及风险评估提供参考依据。以盆栽香蕉苗、玉米苗和草地贪夜蛾3~4龄幼虫作为试材,用室内接虫和田间自然感虫的方法,测定了选择压力和非选择压力条件下草地贪夜蛾对香蕉和玉米的危害指数、草地贪夜蛾发育历期、幼虫存活率、蛹体大小及成虫羽化率。在非选择压力条件下草地贪夜蛾主要选择危害玉米,对香蕉‘桂蕉6号’只是试探取食,接虫7天后对玉米和香蕉危害指数分别是89.05、1.58。在选择压力下草地贪夜蛾幼虫接虫3天后开始取食危害香蕉,接虫后3、5、7天危害指数分别为11.74、16.51、24.76,说明香蕉不是草地贪夜蛾适宜的寄主作物。取食香蕉的草地贪夜蛾幼虫生长缓慢、虫体小,3龄幼虫至化蛹历时9~14天,比取食玉米的草地贪夜蛾长2~4天;成虫羽化历时9~14天,比取食玉米的草地贪夜蛾长4~7天;取食香蕉明显影响草地贪夜蛾生长发育,幼虫存活率为20.0%、化蛹率68.1%、蛹体大小1.25×0.35 cm、蛹重0.13 g、成虫羽化率47.8%,明显低于取食玉米寄主的幼虫存活率为86.7%、化蛹率97.4%、蛹体大小1.57×0.5 cm、蛹重0.21 g、成虫羽化率92.0%。草地贪夜蛾在选择压力下会取食危害香蕉,危害程度相对较轻,能完成世代生活史,但生长发育速度也较慢。香蕉不是草地贪夜蛾适宜的寄主植物,但在香蕉上暴发存在一定的风险。 相似文献
9.
<正>大豆造桥虫(豆尺蠖)症状:以幼虫咬食豆叶,可将叶片吃成洞或缺刻,甚至吃光叶片,引起落花落荚。防治措施:(1)农业防治:冬耕田地,减少虫源;在成虫羽化初期,采用黑光灯或糖醋盆诱杀成虫;结合农事操作,摘除卵块以及新筛网状被害叶,带出田外深埋;利用幼虫的假死性,摇动豆株,使幼虫掉到地上集中消灭;及时清除杂草和田间落叶,消灭部分越冬蛹;保护和利用小造桥虫绒茧蜂、青翅 相似文献
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Jens Jensen 《Euphytica》1979,28(1):47-56
Summary The high-lysine gene in Risø mutant 1508 conditions an increased lysine content in the endosperm via a changed protein composition, a decreased seed size, and several other characters of the seed. The designation lys3a, lys3b, and lys3c, is proposed for the allelic high-lysine genes in three Risø mutants, nos 1508, 18, and 19. Linkage studies with translocations locate the lys3 locus in the centromere region of chromosome 7. A linkage study involving the loci lys3 and ddt (resistance to DDT) together with the marker loci fs (fragile stem), s (short rachilla hairs), and r (smooth awn) show that the order of the five loci on chromosome 7 from the long to the short chromosome arm is r, s, fs, lys3, ddt. The distance from locus r to locus ddt is about 100 centimorgans. 相似文献
12.
G. H. Kroon 《Euphytica》1994,76(1-2):125-125
Summary
K x vadensis is a hybrid of K. blossfeldiana and K. marmorata obtained after doubling the number of chromosomes. 相似文献
13.
Hongyan WEI Jian ZHOU Jinguang LU Jingzheng SONG Qiongxi YU Zhihong JIANG 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):27-29
[Objectives]This study aimed to establish a QAMS(quantitative analysis of multi-components by single-marker)method for simultaneous determination of four phenol... 相似文献
14.
Summary Avoidance of rust fungi that was based on poor appressorium induction was previously found in Hordeum chilense. In the present study 95 accessions of Triticeae were screened for avoidance of Puccinia hordei. The percentage of appressorium formation per germinated spore ranged from 6 to 90%. On none of the 41 accessions of Aegilops, Agropyron, Elymus, Secale, Thinopyrum or Triticum studied was the rate of appressorium formation lower than 25%. Lower rates of appressorium formation were, however, found on accessions of wild barley species Hordeum brachyantherum, H. marinum, H. parodii and H. secalinum. Its implications in cereal breeding are discussed. 相似文献
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D. A. Bond G. J. Jellis G. G. Rowland J. Le Guen L. D. Robertson S. A. Khalil L. Li-Juan 《Euphytica》1993,73(1-2):151-166
Progress is being made, mainly by ICARDA but also elsewhere, in breeding for resistance to Botrytis, AScochyta, Uromyces, and Orobanche; and some lines have resistance to more than one pathogen. The strategy is to extend multiple resistance but also to seek new and durable forms of resistance. Internationally coordinated programs are needed to maintain the momentum of this work.Tolerance of abiotic stresses leads to types suited to dry or cold environments rather than broad adaptability, but in this cross-pollinated species, the more hybrid vigor expressed by a cultivar, the more it is likely to tolerate various stresses. 相似文献
16.
Chunli TANG Fengxian ZHAO Hongxia CHEN Jiabao MA Jiangcun WEI Meiyan QIU Zhen XIE 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):60-65
[Objectives]To optimize the water extraction process of Chinese Herbal Compound Man Gan Ning and establish a method for its extraction and content determination... 相似文献
17.
Mohammed Riyazaddin Polavarapu B. Kavi Kishor Are Ashok Kumar Belum V. S. Reddy Rajendra S. Munghate Hari C. Sharma 《Plant Breeding》2015,134(4):423-436
Sorghum shoot fly, Atherigona soccata, is one of the important pests of postrainy season sorghums. Of the 90 sorghum genotypes evaluated for resistance to this pest, RHRB 12, ICSV 713, 25026, 93046 and 25027, IS 33844‐5, Giddi Maldandi and RVRT 3 exhibited resistance in postrainy season, while ICSB 463, Phule Anuradha, RHRB 19, Parbhani Moti, ICSV 705, PS 35805, IS 5480, 5622, 17726, 18368 and 34722, RVRT 1, ICSR 93031 and Dagidi Solapur showed resistance in rainy season, suggesting season‐specific expression of resistance to A. soccata. ICSB 461, ICSB 463, Phule Yasodha, M 35‐1, ICSV 700, 711, 25010, 25019 and 93089, IS 18662, Phule Vasudha, IS 18551 and 33844‐5 and Barsizoot had fewer deadhearts than plants with eggs across seasons, suggesting antibiosis as one of the resistance mechanism. Five genotypes exhibited resistance with high grain yield across seasons. Correlation, path and stepwise regression analyses indicated that leaf glossiness, seedling vigour, trichome density, oviposition and leaf sheath pigmentation were associated with the expression of resistance/susceptibility to shoot fly, and these can be used as marker traits to select and develop shoot fly‐resistant sorghums. 相似文献
18.
E. Keep 《Euphytica》1986,35(3):843-855
Summary Cytoplasmic male sterility (cms) is described in the F1 hybrids Ribes × carrierei (R. glutinosum albidum × R. nigrum) and R. sanguineum × R. nigrum. In backcrosses to R. nigrum, progenies with R. glutinosum cytoplasm were either all male sterile, or segregated for full male fertility (F) and complete (S) and partial (I) male sterility. Ratios of F:I+S suggested that two linked genes controlled cms, F plants being dominant for one (Rf
1) and recessive for the other (Rf
2).Segregation for cms in relation to three linded genes, Ce (resistance to the gall mite, Cecidophyopsis ribes), Sph
3(resistance to American gooseberry mildew, Sphaerotheca mors-uvae) and Lf
1(one of two dominant additive genes controlling early season leafing out) indicated that Rf
1and Rf
2were in this linkage group. The gene order and approximate crossover values appeared to be: % MathType!MTEF!2!1!+-% feaafiart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn% hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXafv3ySLgzGmvETj2BSbqef0uAJj3BZ9Mz0bYu% H52CGmvzYLMzaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqr1ngBPrgifHhDYfgasa% acOqpw0xe9v8qqaqFD0xXdHaVhbbf9v8qqaqFr0xc9pk0xbba9q8Wq% Ffea0-yr0RYxir-Jbba9q8aq0-yq-He9q8qqQ8frFve9Fve9Ff0dme% aabaqaciGacaGaamqadaabaeaafaaakeaacaWGdbGaamyzamaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGWaGaaiOlaiaacgdacaGG0aGaaiiiaiaacc% caaaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaamOuaiaadAgaliaaigdakmaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaaccdacaGGUaGaaiOmaiaacs% dacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaaaacaWGsbGaamOzaSGa% aGOmaOWaaWaaaeaacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacc% cacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccaaaGaamitaiaadAgaliaaigdakmaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacc% cacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaaaaiaadofacaWGWbGaamiAaSGa% aG4maaaa!6E4D!\[Ce\underline { 0.14 } Rf1\underline { 0.24 } Rf2\underline { } Lf1\underline { } Sph3\]. Crossover values of 0.36 for Ce-Lf
1, and 0.15 for Lf
1-Sph
3were estimated from the relative mean differences in season of leafing out between seedlings dominant and recessive for Ce and Sph
3.It is suggested that competitive disadvantage of lf
1-carrying gametes and/or zygotes at low temperatures may be implicated in the almost invariable deficit of plants dominant for the closely linked mildew resistance allele Sph
3. Poor performance of lf
1- (and possibly lf
2-) carrying gametes and young zygotes during periods of low temperature at flowering might also account for the liability of some late season cultivars and selections to premature fruit drop (running off). 相似文献
19.
[Objectives] To determine the optimum extraction technology for total phenols of leaves in Acanthopanax giraldii Harms.[Methods]The single factor test and ortho... 相似文献
20.
Summary Apple and pear pollen was irradiated with doses of 0, 50, 100, 250 and 500 krad (gamma rays) and stored at 4°C and 0–10% r.h. From the in-vitro germination percentages an average LD 50 dose of about 220 krad was estimated. For both irradiated and untreated pollen a close and corresponding lineair relationship existed between germination percentage and pollen tube growth.Irradiated pollen was much more sensitive to dry storage conditions than untreated pollen, resulting in less germination and more bursting. Apparently, irradiation caused the pollen cell membrane to lose its flexibility faster than normal. Rehydration of dry-stored, irradiated pollen in water-saturated air restored germination percentages up to their initial levels. The importance of this procedure in germination trials is stressed. 相似文献