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1.
2006-2007年通过对14个臂形草品种的生产性能和品质特性的研究,旨在筛选出适宜于热带、亚热带地区种植的高产、优质牧草品种,为热带水土保持和畜牧业的持续发展提供依据,结果表明,1)所引种牧草的存活率、越冬率都在97%以上,说明所引种牧草的适应性强;除MG-4珊状臂形草感染了叶锈病以外,其他牧草的抗病虫害能力强。2)种植第1年Mulato 1杂交臂形草干物质产量最高为(34.84±3.98) t/hm2 ,与刚果臂形草、Mekong珊状臂形草、杂交臂形草、MG-5×Araes珊状臂形草、MG-5 Vitoria珊状臂形草、MG-4珊状臂形草、Mulato 2杂交臂形草之间差异不显著。3)相关性分析表明,丛径、叶长、叶宽、株高、叶/茎、种子产量与地上生物量呈正相关,对地上生物量的影响大小为:叶宽＞种子产量＞叶/茎＞株高＞叶长＞丛径。4)选择干草产量、粗蛋白、适口性、抗逆性作为综合评价供试品种优劣的指标,用灰色关联法评价牧草,结果表明,杂交旗草、Mulato 1杂交臂形草、Mekong珊状臂形草、Mulato 2杂交臂形草、MG-5×Araes珊状臂形草、刚果臂形草、MG-5 Vitoria珊状臂形草居前7位,它们属高产、质优、适口性好、抗性强的高产优质牧草品种。  相似文献   

2.
1991年从哥伦比亚国际热带农业研究中心(CIAT)引入6095刚果臂形草(Brachiaria ruziziensis G.et E.CIAT6095),1992-1993年在网室和田间进行生态适应性观测,1994-1996年进行品种比较试验,1999-2004年进行区域试验,1999-2005年在海南、云南和福建进行生产试验。结果表明:热研15号刚果臂形草产草量达209865.83 kg/hm2·a,极显著(P<0.01)高于热研6号珊状臂形草(B.brizantha cv.Reyan 6)54.43%,高于热研3号俯仰臂形草(B.decumbens cv.Reyan 3)43.76%;热研15号刚果臂形草喜湿润热带气候,适宜在海拔1000~2000 m,年降水1000 mm以上的热带、亚热带地区生长,具有良好的耐旱能力,在pH4.5~5.0和极端贫瘠的土壤具有良好的持久性和丰产性;适于建植高产、优质、耐久的放牧型草地;固土护坡能力强,适于作水土保持的先锋草种。  相似文献   

3.
对4个臂形草Brachiaria品种进行3年的生育特性及其品质分析,结果表明,参试品种均可在闽南地区越夏越冬,热研3号和热研6号的开花期均在6月上中旬,杂交臂形草Mulato1与Mulato2开花期比热研6号推迟2个月左右;年均草产量以杂交臂形草Mulato1最高,鲜草产量与热研6号臂形草达极显著水平;营养成分分析结果显示,参试品种分蘖期粗蛋白含量以杂交臂形草Mulato1最高,达9.38%,粗脂肪和钙含量以热研6号最高,相对饲用价值均达100%左右。杂交臂形草Mulato1可作为刈割型牧草在闽南地区推广种植。  相似文献   

4.
在广西南部地区半干旱条件下,对4种臂形草属牧草(Brachiaria spp.)进行区域性品比试验。结果表明,产量最高的是杂交臂形草(B.hybrid CIAT9201/1873),年鲜草产量达9 127kg/亩,与热研6号珊状臂形草(B.brizantha cv.Reyan No.6)的7 061kg/亩相比增产29.26%。且杂交臂形草是株丛型草,生长速度快、草层密度大、耐酸性瘦土、耐旱性强,可用作刈割型饲料和人工草地建植,同时也适合人工放牧草地、天然草地改良和覆盖用草。  相似文献   

5.
2005、2006和2007年,分别在景洪市嘎洒镇选取海拔为550、560和846 m的3个试验点,种植新引进的杂交臂形草1号（Brachiaria brizantha Mulato 1)、杂交臂形草2号（B.brizantha Mulato 2)、热研3号俯仰臂形草（B.decumbens cv.Reyan No.3）和热研6号珊状臂形草（B.brizantha cv.Reyan No.6）,进行比较试验。结果表明,4种牧草均有分蘖数多、产量高、生产性能稳定,营养价值高、适口性好、容易刈割,抗病力强、对土壤和气候条件的要求不高、适应性强、容易种植、便于推广等优点。热研3号俯仰臂形草、热研6号珊状臂形草根系发达,利于控制水土流失,也有利于草地防火,一次种植可长期受益,建议在西双版纳州、德宏州和海南省推广种植;杂交臂形草1号和杂交臂形草2号出苗快、孕穗期长、抽穗期晚、茎叶比小、适口性更好、消化利用效率更高,建议重点推广应用。  相似文献   

6.
为了获得栽培于广西的3种臂形草和2种坚尼草的营养价值.试验结合注射器式体外产气法和常规化学成分分析法评定成熟期新鲜坚尼草TD58、坚尼草CI.AT6299、珊状臂形草、杂交臂形草、俯仰臂形草的营养价值.瘤胃液来源于2头健康状况良好的带有瘤胃瘘管的水牛,记录了2、4、6、9、12、24、36、48、72、96 h的累积产气量,并取发酵了96 h的底物作为测定乙酸、丙酸和丁酸,以及氨态氮的含量.试验结果显示,从各时间点累积产气量来看,以臂形草类的俯仰臂形草最高;坚尼草CIAT6299的累积产气量较坚尼草TD58高.潜在产气量最高的为俯仰臂形草,最低的为坚尼草TD58;总挥发性脂肪酸浓度在68.21～74.86 mM范围内,乙酸摩尔百分数在53.66％～56.61％范围内,丙酸摩尔百分数在25.51％～33.48％范围内,乙酸/丙酸比在1.62～2.10.氨态氮浓度在22.25～26.96 mg/100 ml;微生物蛋白产量在3.82～4.43 mg/ml.根据饲料相对评定指数(RFV)计算公式得到RFV值,从大到小排列顺序为;杂交臂形草(81.85)＞俯仰臂形草(74.60)＞珊状臂形草(72.91)＞坚尼草CIAT6299(66.4)＞坚尼草TD58(63.13);可消化有机物质含量和代谢能从大到小的顺序为:坚尼草TD58 (509.72 g/kg,5.4 MJ/kg DM),坚尼草CIAT6299(531.09 g/kg,5.84 MJ/kg DM),珊状臂形草(552.28 g/kg,6.27 MJ/kg DM),杂交臂形草(596.80 g/kg,7.18 MJ/kg DM),俯仰臂形草(614.78 g/kg,7.55 MJ/kg DM).  相似文献   

7.
对9个热带牧草在个旧干热河谷进行区域种植试验研究。选择平均产量、粗蛋白、相对饲料价值等作为综合评价指标。结果表明：平均干草产量排在前5名的品种是大黍(Mombasa)、盖世虎尾草(Gallide)、俯仰臂形草(Common)、牧用狗牙根(Common)和大黍(Gatton),分别为40.002 t/hm2、38.345 t/hm2、36.728 t/hm2、31.609 t/hm2和29.515 t/hm2。生产性能综合评价指标排在前5位的是牧用狗牙根(Common)、大黍(Megamax 059)、盖世虎尾草(Gallide)、杂交臂形草(Mulato II)和铺地狼尾草(Whittet),属高产、质优、抗性好的优质牧草品种，可在气候相似的区域推广应用。  相似文献   

8.
<正> 俯仰臂形草(Brachiaria decumbens cv.CIAT 606),又名旗草。原产热带非洲乌干达,是一种优良的热带禾本科牧草,4X=36。我国于1982年引自哥伦比亚国际热带农业中心(CIAT)。该品种具有粗生耐干旱,冬季青绿不干枯,耐践踏、耐放牧、耐火烧、再生竞争能力强,能有效地抑制杂草,年平均鲜草产量达63847 kg/hm。该品种在澳  相似文献   

9.
热带人工草地群落结构研究初探   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  
研究4年生热带人工草地放牧与不放牧对群落结构的影响,结果表明:以热研2号柱花草和珊状臂形草为优势草种的人工草地,其中对照区(不放牧)干草产量8096kg/hm2,极显著高于天然草地116.04%,放牧区6324.5kg/hm2,显著高于天然草地68.77%;其产草量呈动态变化,以10月最高;植被群落呈垂直空间层状分布,产草量多集中在11～40cm草层;在放牧区热研2号柱花草的频度和产草量减少,珊状臂形草和有钩柱花草增加,草种分布均匀,结构合理,向进展方向演替。  相似文献   

10.
臂形草属牧草品种比较试验   总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13  
对８种臂形草属热带牧草的品种进行了比较试验研究，３年的试验结果表明，饲草产量以网脉臂形草产量最高，年干物质产量为２４２７１ｋｇ／ｈｍ＾２，其次为ＣＩＡＴ ６０９５刚果臂形草，年干物质产量为２０９８６ｋｇ／ｈｍ＾２，四生臂形草产量最低，年干物质产量仅为１１８２ｋｇ／ｈｍ＾２。  相似文献   

11.
试验选用96头平均体重14.82 kg左右的杜×长×大断奶仔猪,随机分成4组,每组3栏,每栏8头(公母各半)。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1、2、3组分别添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖和1%微米白术。试验期30 d。结果表明:在生长性能方面,与对照组相比,1%微米白术添加组可显著提高日增重(P0.05)、降低饲料增重比和腹泻率,而且效果优于1%80目白术组和0.2%白术多糖组,在肠道形态和肠道微生态区系方面,与对照组相比,日粮添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖、1%微米白术均可不同程度的提高十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度,加深十二指肠和空肠的隐窝深度,并且增加肠道微生态区系的多样性,其中以1%微米白术添加组的效果最佳。  相似文献   

12.
Sissay, M.M., Uggla, A. and Waller, P.J., XXXX. Prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, XXXX. A 2-year abattoir survey was carried out to determine the prevalence, abundance and seasonal incidence of gastro-intestinal (GI) nematodes and trematodes (flukes) of sheep and goats in the semi-arid zone of eastern Ethiopia. During May 2003 to April 2005, viscera including liver, lungs and GI tracts were collected from 655 sheep and 632 goats slaughtered at 4 abattoirs located in the towns of Haramaya, Harar, Dire Dawa and Jijiga in eastern Ethiopia. All animals were raised in the farming areas located within the community boundaries for each town. Collected materials were transported within 24 h to the parasitology laboratory of Haramaya University for immediate processing. Thirteen species belonging to 9 genera of GI nematodes (Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, T. vitrinus, Nematodirus filicollis, N. spathiger, Oesophagostomum columbianum, O. venulosum, Strongyloides papillosus, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Trichuris ovis, Cooperia curticei and Chabertia ovina), and 4 species belonging to 3 genera of trematodes (Fasciola hepatica, F. gigantica, Paramphistomum {Calicohoron} microbothrium and Dicrocoelium dendriticum) were recorded in both sheep and goats. All animals in this investigation were infected with multiple species to varying degrees. The mean burdens of adult nematodes were generally moderate in both sheep and goats and showed patterns of seasonal abundance that corresponded with the bi-modal annual rainfall pattern, with highest burdens around the middle of the rainy season. In both sheep and goats there were significant differences in the mean worm burdens and abundance of the different nematode species between the four geographic locations, with worm burdens in the Haramaya and Harar areas greater than those observed in the Dire Dawa and Jijiga locations. Similar seasonal variations were also observed in the prevalence of flukes. But there were no significant differences in the prevalence of each fluke species between the four locations. Overall, the results showed that Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus, Oesophagostomum, Fasciola and Paramphistomum species were the most abundant helminth parasites of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia.  相似文献   

13.
Tropical Animal Health and Production -  相似文献   

14.
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks.  相似文献   

15.
Our particular attention in this article was given to natural mediators for macrophages isolated from the sites of tissue injury. A number of chemotactic factors, which may satisfy many criteria making them acceptable as inflammatory leucocyte chemotactic factors, has been separated. Among them, our laboratory has isolated three macrophage (monocyte) chemotactic factors (MCF-a, -b and -c). Their purification, characterization and functional specificity are discussed.  相似文献   

16.
Genetic variations in chromosome Y are enabling researchers to identify paternal lineages, which are informative for introgressions and migrations. In this study, the male‐specific region markers, sex‐determining region‐Y (SRY), amelogenin (AMELY) and zinc finger (ZFY) were analysed in seven Turkish native goat breeds, Angora, Kilis, Hair, Honaml?, Norduz, Gürcü and Abaza. A SNP in the ZFY gene defined a new haplotype Y2C. All domestic haplogroups originate from Capra aegagrus, while the finding of Y1A, Y1B, Y2A and Y2C in 32, 4, 126 and 2 Turkish domestic goats, respectively, appears to indicate a predomestic origin of the major haplotypes. The occurrence of four haplotypes in the Hair goat and, in contrast, a frequency of 96% of Y1A in the Kilis breed illustrate that Y‐chromosomal variants have a more breed‐dependent distribution than mitochondrial or autosomal DNA. This probably reflects male founder effects, but a role in adaptation cannot be excluded.  相似文献   

17.
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large.  相似文献   

18.
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses.  相似文献   

19.
The objective of this report was to characterize 20-year changes in proportion of calcium oxalate (CaOx) calculi and struvite calculi in dogs, and associations with breed, age, and sex. In this retrospective study, results of analysis of urinary calculi from dogs were reviewed for specimens received between July 1, 1981, and December 31, 2001. Breed, sex, age, year of submission of the specimen, and mineral type(s) were analyzed statistically. CaOx or Struvite or both were contained in 18,966 of 20,884 (91%) specimens. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant increase was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained CaOx. The increase in this proportion was greater in females (1% to 31%) than in males (18% to 82%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions may have plateaued, the odds of specimens containing CaOx were markedly higher in 18 breeds, markedly lower in 5 breeds, and not significantly different in 13 breeds compared with crossbreds. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant decrease was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained struvite. This decrease in proportion was greater for males (79-16%) than for females (97-68%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions plateaued, the odds of calculi containing struvite were markedly lower in 20 breeds, markedly higher in 1 breed, and not significantly different in 15 breeds when compared with crossbreds. Breed, age, and sex were associated statistically with CaOx or struvite urolithiasis. In conclusion, there appears to have been a long-term increase in the proportion of specimens of canine urinary calculi that contain CaOx as well as a long-term decrease in the proportion of specimens of calculi that contain struvite for both male and female dogs. The rate of change appeared to begin leveling off in the period 1998 to 2001. The recent proportion of dogs with either CaOx- or struvite-associated urolithiasis may depend on breed, age, and sex, and on interactions among these 3 factors.  相似文献   

20.
<正>1.INTRODUCTION Ensuring transportation network security is one Of the most daunting challenges confronting homeland security agencies today.Significant research has been dedicated.To model and analyze the vulnerability of transportation systems,while notably fewer studies propose specific strategies for deploying defensive technologies to safeguard these systems.  相似文献   

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