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许发兵 《粮油仓储科技通讯》2011,(2):24-29
针对高大平房仓夏季储粮过程中上层粮温升高较中下层快,表层粮温难以控制等问题,我库充分利用当地储粮气候条件,增添了膜下环流通风系统。在夏季高温季节进行仓内膜下环流通风,使粮堆内部形成向上运动的气流,从而实现上层粮温可控性和实现全仓粮温的相对均衡。该技术的应用可有效隔绝仓房空间与粮堆的湿热传递,减少仓温对粮温尤其是粮堆表层温度的影响。结合我库所处区域位置特点,主要是利用冬季机械通风降低粮温,待夏季高温时利用环流风机进行仓内环流,将粮堆中央＂冷心＂的冷源带到粮堆表层和四周,使粮堆表层和四周的粮温降低,通过环流调节粮堆内温度因子,使储粮处于低温或准低温状态,可以有效抑制高温季节仓内上层粮温上升,实现低温储藏。该技术确保了整仓粮食达到低温或准低温储藏条件,避免储粮夏季生虫和使用化学药剂防治储粮害虫,真正实现了绿色、环保储粮的目的。 相似文献
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应用膜下环流通风技术实现高大平房仓低温储粮 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
摘要针对东北地区高大平房仓夏季储粮过程中上层粮温升高较中下层快、表层粮温控制难等问题，充分利用当地储粮条件，增添了膜下环流通风设施，夏季进行仓内膜下环流通风，实现上层粮温可控和全仓粮温的相对均衡，确保整仓粮食达到低温储藏条件，避免储粮夏季生虫和使用化学药剂防治储粮害虫，实现绿色储粮。 相似文献
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低温储粮技术是指将平均粮温控制在低温（15℃）或准低温（20℃）以下进行储藏的一种技术。目前国内仓内内循环低温（准低温）储粮主要是利用压人式内循环通风，将粮堆表层粮温较高的空气直接压入粮堆底层，由于温差过大，容易引起底层结露。本试验利用山墙风机及吸出式环流熏蒸设备进行内循环通风，从而很好地平衡了仓内粮温，防止了结露，实现了低温储粮。 相似文献
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在高大平房仓上层空间安装负压风机,在夏季高温季节进行负压通风,快速有效排除积热,降低上层粮温,保证夏季存粮安全。在此基础上,通过持续的仓内内环流运行,利用粮堆"冷心"冷源注入粮堆上部空间,有效地降低上层粮温,达到均温控温目的,实现准低温储粮。负压通风是实现安全储粮的前提,内环流控温是准低温储粮的保证,两种技术相辅相成,相得益彰。 相似文献
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仓内膜下环流低温储粮技术是将机械通风技术与隔热密闭技术有机结合,在夏季高温季节将粮堆内蓄存的冷源利用粮堆内的通风管道进行膜下环流均衡通风,使粮堆各部位粮温达到基本平衡,达到降低表层粮温,将仓内粮堆平均粮温控制在15℃以下的目的。 相似文献
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低温储粮综合技术试验研究报告 总被引：4，自引：3，他引：4
低温储粮综合技术是太阳热反射涂料的应用技术，仓内环流调节粮堆温工技术及提高仓房气密性技术集为一体的综合储粮技术，在高大平房仓密必达到一定要求后，用太阳热反射涂料对仓顶进行表面处理，当夏季气温最高时试验仓顶表面温度比对照仓低25℃，大大减少了仓外太阳辐射热对仓房的热能传递，改善了仓内的储粮环境，基本实现了准低温储粮，利用环流熏蒸装置对高大平房仓内的储粮分阶段进行环流，3天内，定时环流36小时，试验仓仓温下降了4．5℃，上层粮温平均下降了0．9℃，仓底部的粮水分基本无变化，此项试验证明，环流是平衡粮堆内部的温度即利用粮堆内部的自然冷源降低高温区粮温的有效技术途径。 相似文献
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浅圆仓在冬季进行降温通风后,基础粮温较低(平均粮温5℃左右),入夏后"热皮冷心"现象比较明显,受外界高温影响,仓温、表层粮温升温明显,温度相对较高,仓温最高可达35℃以上,表层平均粮温在29℃左右,在此情况下,若储粮水分偏高,则上层粮面极易孳生虫霉,严重时可能引起表层储粮发热。因此,冬季对储粮仓房开展机械通风作业降低基础粮温进行蓄冷,夏季利用小功率风机将粮堆内部的冷空气通过地槽通风口抽出,通过仓壁回风管送到仓内空间,气流在粮堆内以下行的方式形成闭合回路,从而实现降低仓温、仓湿和表层粮温,达到控温储粮的目的。通过采用内环流均温通风的方式,利用粮堆内部冷源降低仓温及表层粮温,从而抑制表层大豆虫霉的孳生,延缓大豆品质劣变速度。试验期间,为确保对照仓储粮安全度夏,采取了夜间轴流风机排积热、单管处理异常粮情。同时期单吨费用对比,试验仓比对照仓节约0.1元/t左右。 相似文献
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针对春夏季粮温上升,导致粮食品质下降、虫霉危害增加的问题,利用杭嘉湖地区丰富的地下水资源和高效换热器技术,研发地下水风机盘管机组控制仓温工艺技术。实仓试验结果表明,该技术能够有效地控制仓内空间空气温度,最高仓温低于26℃,粮堆上层最高粮温低于25℃,同时延缓各层粮温的上升,并将整仓平均粮温控制在18.3℃以内。对照仓最高仓温约为36℃,粮堆上层最高粮温从第四周开始高于25℃,最高达到28.7℃,同时各层粮温的上升速度较快,整仓平均粮温达到21.0℃。使用该技术11周,吨粮电耗成本为1.175元。因此,应用该技术在试验仓实现了准低温储粮,在保证储粮安全方面发挥了重要的作用。 相似文献
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针对高大平房仓储存的大豆在度夏期间,上层粮温上升快、幅度大,仓墙周边、杂质聚集区内的储粮易生虫、发热等问题,利用粮堆的"冷心"资源,通过对现有环流熏蒸系统的保温密闭改造,进行整仓环流通风,实现了上层粮温可控和全仓粮温的相对均衡,在不损失水分的前提下确保了大豆安全度夏。 相似文献
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Biological Activity and Quantification of Suspected Allelochemicals from Alfalfa Plant Parts 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
Autotoxicity restricts reseeding of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) after alfalfa until autotoxic chemical(s) breaks down or is dispersed into external environments. A series of aqueous extracts from leaves, stems, roots and seeds of alfalfa ‘Vernal’ were bioassayed against alfalfa seedlings of the same cultivar to determine their autotoxicity. The highest inhibition was found in the extracts from the leaves. Extracts at 40 g dry tissue l?1 from alfalfa leaves were 15.4, 17.5 and 28.7 times more toxic to alfalfa root growth than were those from roots, stems and seeds, respectively. A high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis with nine standard compounds showed that the concentrations and compositions of allelopathic compounds depended on the plant parts. In leaf extracts that showed the most inhibitory effect on root growth, the highest amounts of allelochemicals were detected. Among nine phenolic compounds assayed for their phytotoxicity on root growth of alfalfa, coumarin, trans‐cinnamic acid and o‐coumaric acid at 10?3 m were most inhibitory. The type and amount of causative allelochemicals found in alfalfa plant parts were highly correlated with the results of the bioassay, indicating that the autotoxic effects of alfalfa plant parts significantly differed. 相似文献
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C. J. Spurr D. A. Fulton P. H. Brown R. J. Clark 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2002,188(4):275-280
Development of onion (Allium cepa L., cv. ‘Early Cream Gold’) seed under cool climate conditions in Tasmania, Australia occurred over a longer duration than previously reported, but similar patterns of change in yield components were recorded. In contrast to previous studies, umbel moisture content declined from 85 to 67 % over 57 days while seed moisture content decreased from 85 to 31 %. Seed yield continued to increase over the duration of crop development, with increasing seed weight compensating for seed loss resulting from capsule dehiscence in the later stages of maturation. Germination percentage was high and did not vary significantly from 53 to 77 days after full bloom (DAF), but mean germination time declined and uniformity of germination increased significantly over the same time period. The percentage abnormal seedlings declined with later harvest date, resulting in highest seed quality at 77 DAF. The results of this study suggest that the decision to harvest cool climate onion seed crops before capsule dehiscence will result in a loss of potential seed yield and quality. 相似文献
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G. H. Kroon 《Euphytica》1994,76(1-2):125-125
Summary
K x vadensis is a hybrid of K. blossfeldiana and K. marmorata obtained after doubling the number of chromosomes. 相似文献
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Jens Jensen 《Euphytica》1979,28(1):47-56
Summary The high-lysine gene in Risø mutant 1508 conditions an increased lysine content in the endosperm via a changed protein composition, a decreased seed size, and several other characters of the seed. The designation lys3a, lys3b, and lys3c, is proposed for the allelic high-lysine genes in three Risø mutants, nos 1508, 18, and 19. Linkage studies with translocations locate the lys3 locus in the centromere region of chromosome 7. A linkage study involving the loci lys3 and ddt (resistance to DDT) together with the marker loci fs (fragile stem), s (short rachilla hairs), and r (smooth awn) show that the order of the five loci on chromosome 7 from the long to the short chromosome arm is r, s, fs, lys3, ddt. The distance from locus r to locus ddt is about 100 centimorgans. 相似文献
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Hongyan WEI Jian ZHOU Jinguang LU Jingzheng SONG Qiongxi YU Zhihong JIANG 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):27-29
[Objectives]This study aimed to establish a QAMS(quantitative analysis of multi-components by single-marker)method for simultaneous determination of four phenol... 相似文献
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Summary Avoidance of rust fungi that was based on poor appressorium induction was previously found in Hordeum chilense. In the present study 95 accessions of Triticeae were screened for avoidance of Puccinia hordei. The percentage of appressorium formation per germinated spore ranged from 6 to 90%. On none of the 41 accessions of Aegilops, Agropyron, Elymus, Secale, Thinopyrum or Triticum studied was the rate of appressorium formation lower than 25%. Lower rates of appressorium formation were, however, found on accessions of wild barley species Hordeum brachyantherum, H. marinum, H. parodii and H. secalinum. Its implications in cereal breeding are discussed. 相似文献
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Summary Reactions of 13 grasses to Meloidogyne naasi varied with species; ryegrasses, fescues and their hybrids were generally susceptible and cocksfoot and timothy resistant. Marked variation in host resistance levels occurred between genotypes within cultivars.Selection of single plants, followed by tests on replicate tillers, identified resistant and susceptible genotypes in both Italian and perennial ryegrass cultivars. Resistant plants had few nematode-induced galls and fewer females and eggs than susceptibles. There was more or less continuous variation, with many genotypes intermediate between extremes of resistance and susceptibility. Selected resistant and susceptible genotypes are of use in assessing variation in nematode populations and as controls for breeding and selection programmes. 相似文献
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W. Erskine M. Tufail A. Russell M. C. Tyagi M. M. Rahman M. C. Saxena 《Euphytica》1993,73(1-2):127-135
Lentil production is limited by lack of moisture and unfavorable temperatures throughout its distribution. Waterlogging and salinity are only locally important. Progress has been made in breeding for tolerance to drought through selection for an appropriate phenology and increased water use efficiency and in breeding for winter hardiness through selection for cold tolerance.The diseases rust, vascular wilt, and Ascochyta blight, caused by Uromyces viciae-fabae, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lentis, and Ascochyta fabae f. sp. lentis, respectively, are the key fungal pathogens of lentil. Cultivars with resistance to rust and Ascochyta blight have been released in several countries and resistant sources to vascular wilt are being exploited. Sources of resistance to several other fungal and viral diseases of regional importance are known. In contrast, although the pea leaf weevil (Sitona spp.) and the parasitic weed broomrape (Orobanche spp.), and to a lesser extent the cyst nematode (Heterodera ciceri), are significant yield reducers of lentil, no sources of resistance to these biotic stresses have been found. Directions for future research in lentil on both biotic and abiotic stresses are discussed. 相似文献
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D. A. Bond G. J. Jellis G. G. Rowland J. Le Guen L. D. Robertson S. A. Khalil L. Li-Juan 《Euphytica》1993,73(1-2):151-166
Progress is being made, mainly by ICARDA but also elsewhere, in breeding for resistance to Botrytis, AScochyta, Uromyces, and Orobanche; and some lines have resistance to more than one pathogen. The strategy is to extend multiple resistance but also to seek new and durable forms of resistance. Internationally coordinated programs are needed to maintain the momentum of this work.Tolerance of abiotic stresses leads to types suited to dry or cold environments rather than broad adaptability, but in this cross-pollinated species, the more hybrid vigor expressed by a cultivar, the more it is likely to tolerate various stresses. 相似文献
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Chunli TANG Fengxian ZHAO Hongxia CHEN Jiabao MA Jiangcun WEI Meiyan QIU Zhen XIE 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):60-65
[Objectives]To optimize the water extraction process of Chinese Herbal Compound Man Gan Ning and establish a method for its extraction and content determination... 相似文献