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1.
构建美洲狼尾草(Pennisetum glaucum)的组织培养再生体系对于该物种的育种研究具有重要意义。以美洲狼尾草的种子、幼叶、幼穗和茎节作为外植体，研究这几种外植体的最佳消毒方式并挑选最合适的外植体进行组织培养,在组培体系中添加不同浓度的植物激素,研究其对愈伤组织诱导与分化的影响。结果表明:以种子作为外植体效果最好，5%NaClO消毒5 min后污染率为1.33%;诱导种子产生愈伤组织的最佳培养基为MS+3 mg·L-1 2,4-D + 1 mg·L-1 6-KT+0.1 mg·L-1 6-BA,诱导率为93.3%;诱导胚性愈伤组织分化的最佳培养基为MS+3 mg·L-1 6-BA+1 mg·L-1 NAA,分化率为81.4%。 相似文献
2.
两个高羊茅品种成熟种子再生体系的建立 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以2个高羊茅品种(“Plantation”和“沪坪1号”)的成熟种子为外植体,在MS培养基上分别添加不同浓度的2种植物生长调节剂,探索其愈伤组织的诱导、继代和分化的最佳激素配比及其相互间的影响,以建立简便高效的再生体系。结果表明,完整高羊茅种子最佳的愈伤诱导培养基为MS+2,4-D 3 mg/L,诱导率为71%;而把成熟种子进行纵切后得到的半粒种子的较优的愈伤诱导培养基为MS+2,4-D 2.5 mg/L,诱导率占半粒种子外植体的60%,占完整种子(2个半粒种子)外植体的90%以上;在最优诱导培养基上产生的愈伤组织的最佳继代培养基为MS+2,4-D 3 mg/L,其胚性愈伤诱导率为70%,而添加6-BA则抑制2,4-D对胚性愈伤组织的诱导;不同品种的最优的分化培养基不同——“Plantation”的最优分化培养基为MS+2,4-D 1 mg/L+6-BA 1 mg/L,而“沪坪1号”的最佳组合是MS+2,4-D 2 mg/L+6-BA 1 mg/L,分化率分别达到50%和56%。生根培养基采用已报道的组合1/2MS+NAA 0.5 mg/L,生根率达100%。 相似文献
3.
以海滨雀稗(Paspalum vaginatum cv.Sea spray)的成熟种子为外植体,运用正交试验设计,在MS基础培养基上添加不同浓度的2,4-D、6-BA、NAA、KT、CuSO4、AHC等外源物质,分析其对愈伤组织诱导、胚性愈伤组织分化的影响,建立海滨雀稗高频再生体系,为基因工程育种奠定基础.试验结果表明,在MS培养基中添加2.0 mg/L 2,4-D和0.5g/L AHC 能提高种子的发芽率至97.50％;最佳胚性愈伤诱导培养基为:MS +2,4-D 3.0mg/L+CuSO4 15.0 mg/L+AHC 1.0g/L,其胚性出愈率为66.88％;最佳分化培养基为:MS+6-BA 8.0mg/L+KT 0.05 mg/L+CuSO4 10.0 mg/L+NAA 0.5 mg/L,其分化率为95.00％. 相似文献
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以新农1号狗牙根(Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.‘Xinnong No.1')成熟颖果为外植体,研究不同激素浓度组合对愈伤组织诱导、继代及分化的影响.结果表明:在愈伤组织诱导中,适宜的培养基为添加2.00 mg·L-12,4-D+0.01 mg· L-1 6-BA+500 mg·L-1脯氨酸的MS培养基,出愈率可达71.2％,愈伤形态为半透明水渍状且淡黄色颗粒较多;继代改造培养基中添加2,4-D 0.5 mg·L-1 +6-BA 0.5 mg·L-1+ABA 2.0 mg·L-1+ GSH 2.0 mg·L-1的MS培养基上培养4周后,愈伤组织增殖率可达41.3％;分化过程中,在不添加任何激素的1/2MS培养基中培养10 d后,将胚性愈伤组织转入添加6-BA 1.0 mg·L-1的MS培养基中,很快绿点变密,继而分化成苗,愈伤组织再生频率达25％,小植株形成的强度为16.7％. 相似文献
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《中国草地学报》2016,(6)
以MS为基本培养基,以柱花草无菌苗的幼根、下胚轴、子叶、茎和真叶为材料,采用正交设计方法,研究不同外植体和激素对柱花草愈伤组织诱导和体细胞胚的影响。结果表明:外植体类型及2,4-D、KT、NAA、6-BA浓度对愈伤组织诱导率的影响均达极显著水平(P0.01),其中2,4-D浓度是最主要的影响因素,其次为外植体类型。下胚轴和真叶为柱花草愈伤组织诱导的理想外植体,愈伤诱导培养基的最优配方为MS+1.0mg/L 2,4-D+0.5mg/L KT+0.01mg/L NAA+0.1mg/L 6-BA。NAA、6-BA浓度对柱花草体细胞胚产生率的影响达极显著水平(P0.01),NAA浓度是主要影响因素,体细胞胚产生的最佳培养基配方为MS+1.0mg/L NAA+1.0mg/L 6-BA+2.0g/L CH。 相似文献
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南方紫花苜蓿不同外植体离体培养的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以南方紫花苜蓿5～7d无菌苗下胚轴、田间栽培株叶片和花药为外植体,对愈伤组织诱导的基本培养基及其分化培养基的外源激素组合和浓度配比进行试验。结果表明,下胚轴、叶片和花药愈伤组织诱导适宜基本培养基分别为BSH、MB和NB;激素的组合浓度配比对愈伤组织诱导及其分化或体细胞胚发生因外植体不同而有较大差异,下胚轴和花药以2,4-D0.05～0.5mg·L-1 NAA0.1～2.0mg·L-1 KT1.0～3.0mg·L-1 6-BA0.5mg·L-1较好,具潜在芽分化能力的绿色愈伤组织诱导率分别为61.1%和78.0%;叶片胚性愈伤组织诱导以2,4-D5.0～8.0mg·L-1 KT3.0mg·L-1为宜,诱导率68.6%。同时,补加水解乳蛋白(LH)对胚状体的形成和发育有一定作用。绿色愈伤组织或胚性愈伤组织转移到MS 6-BA1.0～2.0mg·L-1 KT1.0mg·L-1 NAA0.05～0.1mg·L-1分化培养基上培养,15～30d均能再生出小植株。 相似文献
9.
《中国草地学报》2016,(3)
以披碱草×野大麦杂种F_1幼穗为外植体,诱导出胚性愈伤组织,建立了植株再生体系,对影响愈伤组织诱导、分化、生根的基本培养基、激素种类及质量浓度等进行筛选。结果表明:愈伤组织诱导以MS为基本培养基+3mg/L 2,4-D较好;外植体在MS+3mg/L 2,4-D+30g/L蔗糖+7g/L琼脂的诱导培养基上经过20d培养,小穗愈伤组织诱导率达28.3%;愈伤组织的分化培养基为MS+1mg/L 6-BA+1mg/L NAA+30g/L蔗糖+7g/L琼脂,愈伤组织分化率达78%;生根培养基以1/2MS+0.5mg/L IBA+0.5mg/L NAA+蔗糖+7g/L琼脂为最佳,生根率可达86.7%,移栽后成活率可达100%。 相似文献
10.
本研究按应用正交试验,以MS为基础培养基,分析热研5号柱花草(Stylosanthes guianensis cv.Reyan No.5)在诱导高频、优质愈伤组织过程中激素6-BA、2,4-D浓度和外植体类型对诱导效果的影响。结果表明,6-BA是影响柱花草愈伤组织的诱导率以及褐化率的最主要因素,其次是2,4-D和外植体;柱花草愈伤组织诱导的最佳培养基为MS+6-BA 2.0 mg·L-1+2,4-D(0.2~0.5 mg·L-1)+3%蔗糖+0.7%琼脂粉,p H 5.8。子叶、真叶、下胚轴、生长点、上胚轴、根均能诱导愈伤组织,根的愈伤诱导率为80%,其余外植体的诱导率均在95%以上,下胚轴上段形成的愈伤组织芽的分化率高于其他外植体。 相似文献
11.
Rassnick KM Gieger TL Williams LE Ruslander DM Northrup NC Kristal O Myers NC Moore AS 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2001,15(3):196-199
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks. 相似文献
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Davis MS Willard MD Nelson SL Mandsager RE McKiernan BS Mansell JK Lehenbauer TW 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(3):311-314
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large. 相似文献
13.
Furosemide continuous rate infusion in the horse: evaluation of enhanced efficacy and reduced side effects 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Johansson AM Gardner SY Levine JF Papich MG LaFevers DH Fuquay LR Reagan VH Atkins CE 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(6):887-895
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses. 相似文献
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Tropical Animal Health and Production - 相似文献
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Waruiru RM Thamsborg SM Nansen P Kyvsgaard NC Bogh HO Munyua WK Gathuma JM 《Tropical animal health and production》2001,33(3):173-187
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round. 相似文献
16.
The occurrence of ectoparasites in sheep flocks is frequently reported but seldom quantified. Sheep production used to be a predominantly family activity in the state of Sa~o Paulo (Brazil), but it began to become a commercial activity in the past decade. Thus, information about the ectoparasites existing in sheep flocks has become necessary. The present data were obtained by means of questionnaires sent to all sheep breeders belonging to the `Associaça~o Paulista de Criadores de Ovinos' (ASPACO; Sa~o Paulo State Association of Sheep Breeders). Response reliability was tested by means of random visits paid to 10.6% of the respondents. Most of the properties (89.5%) reported the presence of one or more ectoparasites. Screw-worm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) was the most frequent ectoparasite (72.5%), followed by bot fly larvae (Dermatobia hominis, 45.0%), ticks (Amblyomma cajennense) and Boophilus microplus, 31.3%) and finally lice (Damalinia ovis, 13.8%). Combined infestations also occurred, the most common one being screw-worm with bot fly larvae (36.0%) followed by bot fly larvae with ticks (13.9%), screw-worm with ticks (9.3%), bot fly larvae with lice (6.9%), and ticks with lice (5.0%). The most common triple combination was screw-worm, bot fly larvae and ticks (12.8%). Breeds raised for meat or wool were attacked by bot fly larvae and ticks more often than other breeds. Lice were only absent from animals of indigenous breeds. The relationships among these ectoparasites are discussed in terms of sheep breeds, flock size, seasonality and the ectoparasitic combinations on the host. 相似文献
17.
H Hayashi T Yoshimura J Y Chen 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》1985,8(2):73-87
Our particular attention in this article was given to natural mediators for macrophages isolated from the sites of tissue injury. A number of chemotactic factors, which may satisfy many criteria making them acceptable as inflammatory leucocyte chemotactic factors, has been separated. Among them, our laboratory has isolated three macrophage (monocyte) chemotactic factors (MCF-a, -b and -c). Their purification, characterization and functional specificity are discussed. 相似文献
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Evaluation of biohydrogenation rate of canola vs. soya bean seeds as unsaturated fatty acids sources for ruminants in situ 
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下载免费PDF全文 S. Pashaei T. Ghoorchi A. Yamchi 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2016,100(2):211-216
An experiment was conducted to study disappearance of C14 to C18 fatty acids, lag times and biohydrogenation (BH) rates of C18 fatty acids of ground soya bean and canola seeds in situ. Three ruminally fistulated Dallagh sheep were used to determine ruminal BH of unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs). Differences in the disappearance of fatty acids through the bags and lag times were observed between the oilseeds. We saw that the longer the incubation time of the oilseeds in the rumen, the lower the content of C18:2 and C18:3. Significantly higher lag times for both C18:2 and C18:3 were observed in ground canola compared to ground soya bean. BH rates of C18:2 and C18:3 fatty acids in soya bean were three times higher than those of canola. These results suggest that the fatty acid profile of fat source can affect the BH of UFAs by rumen micro‐organisms. So that UFAs of canola had higher ability to escape from ruminal BH. It seems that fatty acid profile of ruminant products is more affected by canola seed compared to soya bean seed. 相似文献
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Serum biochemical values and the wet weight to dry weight ratios of tissues were determined in yaks in Shandan county of Gansu province. The liver, kidney, heart and muscle contents of seven elements in yaks were also analysed. Most serum biochemical values were similar to those of cattle, camels and sheep, but the calcium concentration was considerably above the normal range for other ruminants. The liver contained the highest concentrations of copper, manganese and cobalt and the kidney of selenium, iron and calcium.Abbreviations Alb
albumin
- ALT
alanine aminotransferase
- AST
aspartate aminotransferase
- BUN
blood urea nitrogen
- Chol
cholesterol
- Glob
globulin
- -GT
-glutamyl transpeptidase
- IP
inorganic phosphorus
- TP
total protein 相似文献