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1.
中间锦鸡儿fad2基因克隆与序列分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
油酸去饱和酶FAD2(fatty acid desaturase 2)在油酸中引第二个双键生成亚油酸,是负责植物体内产生多不饱和脂肪酸的第一步关键酶.本研究采用RT-PCR和RACE(rapid amplification of cDNA ends)技术,以中间锦鸡儿未成熟种子为材料,克隆了三个fad2基因(分别命名为fad2-2A、fad2-1A和fad2-1B).将这三个基因与汪阳东从中间锦鸡儿枝叶中克隆的fad2-2B(CaFAD2基因,GenBank登录号AY957394)一起进行了序列比对和分析.序列同源性比较结果表明,fad2-1A与fad2-1B同源性很高,fad2-1A编码的前283个氨基酸与fad2-1B的同源性高达98.9%,fad2-2B与fad2-1A的氨基酸序列同源性最低,只有64.7%.这四个基因的成功克隆,为进一步研究基因分工、调控方式打下了基础,为实现对锦鸡儿属植物脂肪酸成分直接、精确调控提供了保证,也是从一个物种中克隆四个fad2基因的第一次报道. 相似文献
2.
甘蓝型油菜油酸脱氢酶基因(fad2)多个拷贝的发现及分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
以甘蓝型油菜湘油15为材料, 随机挑选56个来自基因组的fad2基因克隆、47个来自幼苗整株的fad2基因cDNA克隆和9个授粉27 d后种子中fad2 cDNA克隆进行双向测序。基因组中56个fad2序列的碱基同源性为91.0%~99.9%, 从中得到11个差异序列, 即11个不同的fad2基因拷贝。将其翻译成氨基酸序列发现, 6个拷贝在编码区中出现多个终止密码子, 另外5个的同源性为90.60%~99.74%, 与47个来自幼苗整株的fad2基因cDNA序列进行比较, 发现fad2基因没有内含子。从种子中的9个fad2 cDNA克隆序列中找到2个有差异的cDNA, 它们的编码区中没有终止密码子, 说明在种子中有多个fad2基因表达。基因组中的11个拷贝根据同源性可分成两组, 命名为fad2I和fad2II。RT-PCR分析发现在授粉27 d的种子中fad2I有较强表达, fad2II没有表达; 但在叶片中两者都有表达。 相似文献
3.
甘蓝型油菜油酸脱氢酶基因(fad2)多个拷贝的发现及分析 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
以甘蓝型油菜湘油15为材料, 随机挑选56个来自基因组的fad2基因克隆、47个来自幼苗整株的fad2基因cDNA克隆和9个授粉27 d后种子中fad2 cDNA克隆进行双向测序。基因组中56个fad2序列的碱基同源性为91.0%~99.9%, 从中得到11个差异序列, 即11个不同的fad2基因拷贝。将其翻译成氨基酸序列发现, 6个拷贝在编码区中出现多个终止密码子, 另外5个的同源性为90.60%~99.74%, 与47个来自幼苗整株的fad2基因cDNA序列进行比较, 发现fad2基因没有内含子。从种子中的9个fad2 cDNA克隆序列中找到2个有差异的cDNA, 它们的编码区中没有终止密码子, 说明在种子中有多个fad2基因表达。基因组中的11个拷贝根据同源性可分成两组, 命名为fad2I和fad2II。RT-PCR分析发现在授粉27 d的种子中fad2I有较强表达, fad2II没有表达; 但在叶片中两者都有表达。 相似文献
4.
辐射育种获得油菜(Brassica napus)高油酸材料 总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13
本研究用8-10万伦琴^60Co γ射线辐射双低油菜（B．napus）湘油15干种子，并对辐射后代进行高油酸连续选择，结果M2、M3、M4油酸含量有不同程度提高，至M3油酸含量迅速提高，多数植株油酸含量在70％以上，最高油酸含量达93．5％。对高油酸突变体M6 04—855（种子油酸含量为91．5％）的fad2基因与网上公布的fad2基因DNA序列进行比对，发现突变体fad2基因270位的碱基G转换为碱基A，导致密码子由TGG转换为TGA（终止密码子）。这一区域是fad2蛋白的beta折叠区和保守区。另外，在1044与1062的碱基突变也导致终止密码子的产生。这些结构上的变化导致fad，基因功能的丧失，使油酸不能转化成亚油酸，从而提高油酸含量。根据基因突变的分子机制，无论是碱基的转换或颠换，都需经过几次的复制，即经过几个世代才能完或，这也是在后期世代才出现高油酸变异的原因。 相似文献
5.
紫苏苯丙氨酸解氨酶基因片段克隆及序列分析 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
苯丙氨酸解氨酶（Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase,PAL）是迷迭香酸合成途径中苯丙氨酸支路的关键酶,它催化苯丙氨酸生成肉桂酸,完成该支路第一步反应。本实验利用同源克隆方法成功克隆了紫苏PAL基因cDNA片段,命名为PerPAL-1（GenBank登录号：HQ388347.1）,该片段长399 bp,编码133个氨基酸。通过氨基酸序列比对分析,发现其氨基酸序列与丹参和藿香PAL该片段的同源性分别高达96%和95%。PAL系统进化树表明PerPAL-1与唇形科植物的PAL亲缘关系最近。PerPAL-1基因在叶中表达最强,根中次之,而在茎中表达最弱。 相似文献
6.
《分子植物育种》2017,(9)
本研究借助已经构建的本地化EST数据库,利用不同物种对应基因序列进行比对、拼接,成功从大豆中克隆了4个高丝氨酸代谢途径相关酶基因,同时应用已构建的大豆整合图谱,克隆了大豆高丝氨酸代谢途径中7个相关酶基因,并进行了定位分析。通过对氨基酸序列进行比对分析,表明大豆高丝氨酸代谢途径相关酶基因在植物中具有较高的同源性,且序列同源性多大于60%,且与双子叶植物对应序列同源性较高,但与单子叶植物对应基因同源性稍低。从基因定位分析的结果可以看出,7个大豆高丝氨酸代谢途径相关酶基因被定位在D1a、N、B2、G、J和D2六个连锁群上,并同时获得了对应连锁群区间两侧的标记。基因结构分析表明,7个基因的g DNA片段长度介于1 083~5 818 bp之间;c DNA片段长度介于1 083~3 166 bp之间;内含子数目介于0~11个之间,外显子数目介于1~12个之间。本研究为其他氨基酸合成相关酶基因的克隆提供了参考依据,并为基因功能研究以及分子辅助育种打下良好的基础。 相似文献
7.
nsdA (Negative regulator of Streptomyces differentiation)基因是天蓝色链霉菌中发现的与抗生素合成相关的负调控基因.根据天蓝色链霉菌 A3(2)的序列设计引物扩增玫瑰黄链霉菌 Men-myco-93-63 菌株中的该基因,经测序和序列分析表明,由保守序列引物nsdA-2R和nsdA-2L克隆到的Men-myco-93-63 菌株中的该基因 800 bp片段与已知nsdA基因核苷酸保守区域序列同源性达到99%,由全长序列扩增引物nsdA WZ-R和nsdA WZ-L克隆到的该基因包含一个完整的开放阅读框,共编码 369 个氨基酸,与变铅青链霉菌和天蓝色链霉菌A3(2)中的nsdA 基因的核苷酸序列同源性达到100%,氨基酸序列同源性达到99%.该全长基因命名为nsdA_(mgh),其在玫瑰黄链霉菌 Men-myco-93-63 中的发现为阻断该负调控基因以期获得抗生素高产工程菌株提供了重要依据. 相似文献
8.
《作物学报》2021,(9)
Δ~(12)-脂肪酸脱氢酶基因(FAD2)催化油酸生成亚油酸,是决定油酸亚油酸比值的关键基因。高油酸花生对低温更加敏感,暗示FAD2在低温响应中发挥作用。为探索花生FAD2的低温胁迫应答,本研究分析了花生FAD2-1A/B的基因结构,从普通油酸花生品种豫花9326中克隆了FAD2-1A/B启动子和内含子,并通过转化拟南芥验证了功能及其对冷胁迫的应答。结果表明, Ah FAD2-1A/B包含2个外显子和1个位于5'-UTR的内含子; Ah FAD2-1A/B基因启动子功能较弱,仅Ah FAD2-1B启动子在子叶期幼苗的子叶叶尖中观察到蓝色; Ah FAD2-1假基因5'侧翼序列具有启动子活性,可调控基因在子叶、下胚轴、种子中表达。Ah FAD2-1内含子序列具有启动子的功能,驱动基因在幼苗下胚轴及子叶中表达,同时还有提高基因表达效率和扩大表达范围的功能,是Ah FAD2-1基因表达调控必需元件;包含5'-UTR内含子的Ah FAD2-1A/B启动子的调控序列功能受低温胁迫抑制。 相似文献
10.
本研究目的是克隆香樟法尼基焦磷酸合酶(farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase, FPPS)的cDNA序列,并开展生物信息学分析,为香樟植物萜类物质的合成及调控机理研究提供基础。本研究利用香樟转录组的测序数据,设计特异性PCR引物,应用反转录PCR技术扩增获得香樟FPPS基因,经生物信息学分析,对该基因编码的蛋白进行表征。香樟FPPS基因的开放读码框(ORF)序列全长为1 053 bp,编码350个氨基酸,蛋白分子量为40.42 kD,理论等电点为5.25。香樟FPPS是一个定位于细胞质,不含信号肽的不稳定亲水性蛋白,具有类异戊二烯类化合物合酶的特征结构域并含有7个保守结构域,氨基酸序列二级结构主要为α-螺旋。通过氨基酸序列的同源性分析发现,香樟CcFPPS的氨基酸序列与山苍子、陆地棉和野大豆等植物的FPPS氨基酸序列有较高的同源性。分子进化树分析表明,香樟CcFPPS蛋白与樟科植物山苍子FPPS蛋白的亲缘关系最近。本研究首次成功从香樟中克隆了CcFPPS基因并进行了生物信息学分析,为进一步研究CcFPPS基因在萜类合成调控的功能提供理论依据。 相似文献
11.
G. H. Kroon 《Euphytica》1994,76(1-2):125-125
Summary
K x vadensis is a hybrid of K. blossfeldiana and K. marmorata obtained after doubling the number of chromosomes. 相似文献
12.
Jens Jensen 《Euphytica》1979,28(1):47-56
Summary The high-lysine gene in Risø mutant 1508 conditions an increased lysine content in the endosperm via a changed protein composition, a decreased seed size, and several other characters of the seed. The designation lys3a, lys3b, and lys3c, is proposed for the allelic high-lysine genes in three Risø mutants, nos 1508, 18, and 19. Linkage studies with translocations locate the lys3 locus in the centromere region of chromosome 7. A linkage study involving the loci lys3 and ddt (resistance to DDT) together with the marker loci fs (fragile stem), s (short rachilla hairs), and r (smooth awn) show that the order of the five loci on chromosome 7 from the long to the short chromosome arm is r, s, fs, lys3, ddt. The distance from locus r to locus ddt is about 100 centimorgans. 相似文献
13.
Hongyan WEI Jian ZHOU Jinguang LU Jingzheng SONG Qiongxi YU Zhihong JIANG 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):27-29
[Objectives]This study aimed to establish a QAMS(quantitative analysis of multi-components by single-marker)method for simultaneous determination of four phenol... 相似文献
14.
Summary Avoidance of rust fungi that was based on poor appressorium induction was previously found in Hordeum chilense. In the present study 95 accessions of Triticeae were screened for avoidance of Puccinia hordei. The percentage of appressorium formation per germinated spore ranged from 6 to 90%. On none of the 41 accessions of Aegilops, Agropyron, Elymus, Secale, Thinopyrum or Triticum studied was the rate of appressorium formation lower than 25%. Lower rates of appressorium formation were, however, found on accessions of wild barley species Hordeum brachyantherum, H. marinum, H. parodii and H. secalinum. Its implications in cereal breeding are discussed. 相似文献
15.
D. A. Bond G. J. Jellis G. G. Rowland J. Le Guen L. D. Robertson S. A. Khalil L. Li-Juan 《Euphytica》1993,73(1-2):151-166
Progress is being made, mainly by ICARDA but also elsewhere, in breeding for resistance to Botrytis, AScochyta, Uromyces, and Orobanche; and some lines have resistance to more than one pathogen. The strategy is to extend multiple resistance but also to seek new and durable forms of resistance. Internationally coordinated programs are needed to maintain the momentum of this work.Tolerance of abiotic stresses leads to types suited to dry or cold environments rather than broad adaptability, but in this cross-pollinated species, the more hybrid vigor expressed by a cultivar, the more it is likely to tolerate various stresses. 相似文献
16.
Chunli TANG Fengxian ZHAO Hongxia CHEN Jiabao MA Jiangcun WEI Meiyan QIU Zhen XIE 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):60-65
[Objectives]To optimize the water extraction process of Chinese Herbal Compound Man Gan Ning and establish a method for its extraction and content determination... 相似文献
17.
Mohammed Riyazaddin Polavarapu B. Kavi Kishor Are Ashok Kumar Belum V. S. Reddy Rajendra S. Munghate Hari C. Sharma 《Plant Breeding》2015,134(4):423-436
Sorghum shoot fly, Atherigona soccata, is one of the important pests of postrainy season sorghums. Of the 90 sorghum genotypes evaluated for resistance to this pest, RHRB 12, ICSV 713, 25026, 93046 and 25027, IS 33844‐5, Giddi Maldandi and RVRT 3 exhibited resistance in postrainy season, while ICSB 463, Phule Anuradha, RHRB 19, Parbhani Moti, ICSV 705, PS 35805, IS 5480, 5622, 17726, 18368 and 34722, RVRT 1, ICSR 93031 and Dagidi Solapur showed resistance in rainy season, suggesting season‐specific expression of resistance to A. soccata. ICSB 461, ICSB 463, Phule Yasodha, M 35‐1, ICSV 700, 711, 25010, 25019 and 93089, IS 18662, Phule Vasudha, IS 18551 and 33844‐5 and Barsizoot had fewer deadhearts than plants with eggs across seasons, suggesting antibiosis as one of the resistance mechanism. Five genotypes exhibited resistance with high grain yield across seasons. Correlation, path and stepwise regression analyses indicated that leaf glossiness, seedling vigour, trichome density, oviposition and leaf sheath pigmentation were associated with the expression of resistance/susceptibility to shoot fly, and these can be used as marker traits to select and develop shoot fly‐resistant sorghums. 相似文献
18.
E. Keep 《Euphytica》1986,35(3):843-855
Summary Cytoplasmic male sterility (cms) is described in the F1 hybrids Ribes × carrierei (R. glutinosum albidum × R. nigrum) and R. sanguineum × R. nigrum. In backcrosses to R. nigrum, progenies with R. glutinosum cytoplasm were either all male sterile, or segregated for full male fertility (F) and complete (S) and partial (I) male sterility. Ratios of F:I+S suggested that two linked genes controlled cms, F plants being dominant for one (Rf
1) and recessive for the other (Rf
2).Segregation for cms in relation to three linded genes, Ce (resistance to the gall mite, Cecidophyopsis ribes), Sph
3(resistance to American gooseberry mildew, Sphaerotheca mors-uvae) and Lf
1(one of two dominant additive genes controlling early season leafing out) indicated that Rf
1and Rf
2were in this linkage group. The gene order and approximate crossover values appeared to be: % MathType!MTEF!2!1!+-% feaafiart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn% hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXafv3ySLgzGmvETj2BSbqef0uAJj3BZ9Mz0bYu% H52CGmvzYLMzaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqr1ngBPrgifHhDYfgasa% acOqpw0xe9v8qqaqFD0xXdHaVhbbf9v8qqaqFr0xc9pk0xbba9q8Wq% Ffea0-yr0RYxir-Jbba9q8aq0-yq-He9q8qqQ8frFve9Fve9Ff0dme% aabaqaciGacaGaamqadaabaeaafaaakeaacaWGdbGaamyzamaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGWaGaaiOlaiaacgdacaGG0aGaaiiiaiaacc% caaaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaamOuaiaadAgaliaaigdakmaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaaccdacaGGUaGaaiOmaiaacs% dacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaaaacaWGsbGaamOzaSGa% aGOmaOWaaWaaaeaacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacc% cacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccaaaGaamitaiaadAgaliaaigdakmaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacc% cacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaaaaiaadofacaWGWbGaamiAaSGa% aG4maaaa!6E4D!\[Ce\underline { 0.14 } Rf1\underline { 0.24 } Rf2\underline { } Lf1\underline { } Sph3\]. Crossover values of 0.36 for Ce-Lf
1, and 0.15 for Lf
1-Sph
3were estimated from the relative mean differences in season of leafing out between seedlings dominant and recessive for Ce and Sph
3.It is suggested that competitive disadvantage of lf
1-carrying gametes and/or zygotes at low temperatures may be implicated in the almost invariable deficit of plants dominant for the closely linked mildew resistance allele Sph
3. Poor performance of lf
1- (and possibly lf
2-) carrying gametes and young zygotes during periods of low temperature at flowering might also account for the liability of some late season cultivars and selections to premature fruit drop (running off). 相似文献
19.
[Objectives] To determine the optimum extraction technology for total phenols of leaves in Acanthopanax giraldii Harms.[Methods]The single factor test and ortho... 相似文献
20.
Summary Apple and pear pollen was irradiated with doses of 0, 50, 100, 250 and 500 krad (gamma rays) and stored at 4°C and 0–10% r.h. From the in-vitro germination percentages an average LD 50 dose of about 220 krad was estimated. For both irradiated and untreated pollen a close and corresponding lineair relationship existed between germination percentage and pollen tube growth.Irradiated pollen was much more sensitive to dry storage conditions than untreated pollen, resulting in less germination and more bursting. Apparently, irradiation caused the pollen cell membrane to lose its flexibility faster than normal. Rehydration of dry-stored, irradiated pollen in water-saturated air restored germination percentages up to their initial levels. The importance of this procedure in germination trials is stressed. 相似文献