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研究了新疆阿魏离体胚培养中,不同培养基、光照、温度、碳源、pH值及低温层积、赤霉素、6-苄氨基嘌呤处理等因素对胚萌发及生长的影响。结果表明:诱导胚萌发较理想的培养基为MS(pH值为5.5-6.0)+1mg/L GA3+0.1mg/L6-BA+3%蔗糖;光照对胚的萌发势差异不明显(P=0.334),但存在显著的温度差异(P=0.000),其中20、25、30℃较适宜;离体胚的萌发率随种子低温层积时间的延长而有所下降,推测新疆阿魏种子产生休眠效应的部位可能在胚以外的种皮或胚乳。本研究能有效克服新疆阿魏种子抑制物或种皮本身限制,萌发率可达94%。不仅为新疆阿魏人工培育奠定了基础,也为研究种子低温层积打破休眠的机制提供了新的思路。 相似文献
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活性炭对小白菜游离小孢子培养的影响 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
以24个小白菜品种为材料,通过在NLN培养基中添加不同浓度活性炭,研究其对游离小孢子培养的影响.结果表明:在NLN-13培养基中添加活性炭(0.5 g/L),有利于小孢子胚的诱导和形成,供试材料(N4,N8)添加活性炭处理胚诱导率较未添加活性炭的处理分别提高19,66.5倍.采用添加活性炭(0.5 g/L)的NLN培养基对24份小白菜品种进行游离小孢子培养,有20份材料诱导出胚,培养成功率为83.3%.表明添加活性炭的培养基对小白菜游离小孢子培养有较好的效果.不同基因型间胚诱导率差别较大,每花蕾诱导胚数为0.4~86.7个.依据胚诱导率的高低可将其分为极易诱导、易诱导、难诱导和不能诱导出胚4类.B5 6-BA 0.2 mg/L NAA 0.02 mg/L 活性炭0.5 g/L 3%蔗糖 1%琼脂培养基有利于幼胚长成植株. 相似文献
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《分子植物育种》2021,19(19):6468-6475
为提高现代月季的抗逆性和多样性,建立月季远缘杂交未成熟胚培养体系,本研究以综合性状优良的现代月季品种‘犹太花环’‘メアリローズ’‘夏日芬芳’和古老月季品种‘月月粉’为母本,以抗逆性强的野生蔷薇黄刺玫(Rosa xanthina Lindl.)为父本进行远缘杂交,以杂交后的未成熟胚为材料进行胚挽救,分析不同消毒方法、胚龄、胚剥离方法以及培养方法对未成熟胚挽救效果的影响。结果表明,月季远缘杂交未成熟胚用0.1%氯化汞对胚珠进行消毒效果最好且不影响胚的萌发;胚挽救的最早胚龄为30 d,未成熟胚可以在添加1 g/L活性炭的培养基MS+GA_3 0.5 mg/L+NAA 0.05 mg/L+6-BA 1.0 mg/L上萌发,其萌发率与杂交组合相关,所有杂交组合中,‘犹太花环’×黄刺玫萌发率最好,可达46.7%;去除果皮有助于胚的萌发,去除全部果皮未成熟胚萌发率最高,可达46.7%;采用两步培养法能提高月季未成熟杂交胚成苗率。月季远缘杂交未成熟胚培养体系的建立,为培育性状优异、抗性突出月季新品种提供技术保障。 相似文献
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以虎舌红带芽茎段为外植体,研究其培养的最佳培养基配方及培养程序,建立虎舌红快繁技术体系.结果表明:芽萌发的最佳培养基为:MS+ 6-BA 2.0 mg/L+ NAA 0.5 mg/L+GA31.0 mg/L,萌发率为73.33%;芽苗增殖最佳培养基为MS+6-BA 1.5 mg/L+ NAA 0.5 mg/L+ GA3 0.1 mg/L,增殖系数可达7.5,且芽苗生长良好;生根培养基以1/2 MS+ IBA 0.5 mg/L+NAA 0.5 mg/L为最好,生根率达96.67%.在此培养基上添加不同浓度的活性炭,以0.2% AC效果更好.炼苗以碎树皮的成活率最高,达91%. 相似文献
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提高油菜游离小孢子胚诱导频率的研究 总被引:9,自引:1,他引:9
以11个甘蓝型油菜基因型为材料,采用NLN培养基进行游离小孢子培养,对如何提高可培养的基因型范围和产胚率进行了研究。结果表明,11个油菜基因型中有10个基因型可以诱导出胚,培养成功率达90.9%,表明采用NLN培养基进行游离小孢子培养油菜基因型范围比较宽,但各基因型间小孢子胚产量差别很大,每花蕾产胚量为0.08~3.53个,TR4和TR9两个基因型每花蕾产胚可达3.23,3.53个。以TR4和TR9两个基因型为试材,进一步改进培养基和培养方法,采用NLN培养基中添加激素和活性炭方法,可大大提高产胚率,产胚量分别达到7.11和10.05个/蕾;接种后,小孢子经33℃高温预处理可显著影响产胚量。子叶形小孢子胚在光下适当培养后转入B5 BA 0.2 mg/L NAA 0.02 mg/L继代培养基上,大多数胚能长成绿芽,B5 6-BA 0.2 mg/L 3%蔗糖 1%琼脂培养基有利于小孢子胚长成植株。 相似文献
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提高大白菜游离小孢子胚诱导率的研究 总被引:24,自引:1,他引:23
采用游离小孢子培养方法,对提高大白菜小孢子胚诱导和形成的因素进行了研究。结果表明,24个大白菜品种(品系)在NLN-13液体培养基中有21个品种诱导出胚。各品种间小孢子胚产量差别极大,每花蕾产胚在0.1-14.66个之间。比较添加不同浓度蔗糖和激素的NLN培养基的培养效果,以NLN+13%蔗糖的效果较好。接种后,小孢子在33℃高温预处理24—48h,产胚量较高。B5+6.BA0.2mg/L+3%蔗糖+1%琼脂培养基有利于小孢子胚长成植株。 相似文献
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介绍了运用冷冻干燥技术进行速溶蛋花汤的加工,研究了生产工艺、特点以及影响产品质量的主要因素。试验表明,采用冷冻干燥技术加工的速溶蛋花汤,具有营养丰富、风味独特、方便快捷等特点。 相似文献
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DENG Zhao-jing 《保鲜与加工》2005,(1):153-156
A new definition of inertia,i.e. the momentum is the measuring of inertia of matter, is proposed. The article through and etc., subjects, the correctness of the new notion of inertia:The monentum is the measuring of inertia has been demonstrated, and the unsolved contradictions of the traditional definition of inetia. And the mass is the measuring of inertia has been revealed. 相似文献
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香蕉是热带亚热带发展中国家重要的粮食作物和碳水化合物来源。但近年来,香蕉生产受到严重的病虫危害。大多数香蕉栽培品种是三倍体,生长周期长,而且不孕。由于没有种子,给繁殖和育种带来一定的困难。遗传转化技术的发展为香蕉品种的改良提供了一种有效的手段。香蕉的遗传转化方法有电激法、基因枪法、农杆菌介导法等。农杆菌介导法的应用是香蕉品种改良的一个重大突破。香蕉遗传转化的外植体也发展到多种,有原生质体,胚性细胞悬浮系,分生组织,以及横切薄片等。近几年,随着分子生物学的发展,出现了转化效率更高,重复性更好的香蕉遗传转化技术。如农杆菌和基因枪结合法,离心辅助农杆菌介导法、真空渗透技术等。这些新技术新方法的出现,必将推动香蕉产业高速发展。 相似文献
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Automobile comfort dynamic simulation is necessary when we predict and evaluate the comfort of a automobile or optimize performance of automobile. The nine DOF vibration model of automobile is established , which acts root mean square value of body in multiple work conditions as comfort evaluation indices. Based on the comfort simulation, the Hongyan 1160 is predicted in the way of comfort. The programmes can be used in many different automobiles . The computational result indicates that the model can simulate vibration of automobile truly. It is significant to research automobile comfort evaluation to optimize performance of automobile and comfort simulation .The computational program can be applied to optimize or simulate which has some reference value. 相似文献
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南瓜降糖功能及其系列食品加工技术 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
阐述了南瓜在糖尿病辅助治疗方面的功能特性,介绍了南瓜降糖主要制品南瓜全粉、南瓜脆片、南瓜果酱和南瓜肉汁的工艺流程和操作要点。 相似文献
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母猪繁殖障碍成因分析 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
繁殖障碍是导致母猪淘汰的最主要因素,直接造成母猪非生产天数延长,繁殖猪群生产效率降低,严重影响猪场的经济效益。本文作者对引起母猪繁殖障碍的多方面因素,包括营养因素(如饲养水平、饲料品质、断奶日龄)、环境因素(如温度、湿度、通风、光照)、疫病因素、生产技术及管理因素进行了详细阐述。 相似文献
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Applicability of molecular markers in the context of protection of new varieties of cucumber 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
G. P. Bernet S. Bramardi D. Calvache E. A. Carbonell M. J. Asins 《Plant Breeding》2003,122(2):146-152
The growing number of candidate varieties presented every year at each national Plant Variety Protection Office and their decreasing genetic variability forces strategies to be adopted that will reduce costs without losing rigour when deciding about the acceptance or rejection of a candidate variety. Molecular markers have been envisaged as a reliable tool to establish differences, but can molecular markers be used for assessing distinctness? A comparison between a molecular and a morphological characterization of 41 seed samples belonging to 36 cucumber varieties and including several external controls has been carried out to investigate the applicability of molecular markers in the context of distinctness, uniformity and stability (DUS) tests and the protection of new varieties. Both types of character indicate the same relationships among main groups, Dutch and Beth‐Alpha types, and Gerking and Slice types, the correlation between distance matrices being only 0.6489. Varieties considered uniform for morphological traits proved not to be so for molecular markers. Therefore, molecular characterization is not offering the same estimates of uniformity and relatedness between varieties as does morphological characterization. External controls were used to establish distinction limits with morphological and molecular dendrograms to focus on those varieties, which were suspiciously similar. The results with cucumber show that molecular identity could be used to assess any lack of distinctness and so corroborate the morphological assessment of candidate varieties. The morphological trait ‘type’ provides distinct characterization of varieties and the molecular characterization of candidate varieties could be used to design better field experiments to assess distinction within each group of morphological cucumber type. 相似文献