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豌豆种质资源苗菜用特性遗传多样性分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
针对豌豆苗菜产量与品质关系不明确的现状,收集我国不同地区的36份豌豆品种资源作为供试材料,参照中农绿谷芽苗菜研究院豌豆苗的培育工艺与条件,根据豌豆及豌豆苗的23项性状指标,采用基本统计量分析、聚类分析和相关性分析对碗豆苗菜用特性进行遗传多样性分析。结果表明各性状中,苗长的变异最大,变异系数为43.76%。36份豌豆品种资源可划分为4个类群。其中一类为苗菜高产类型,另一类为低纤维含量、高氨基酸含量的优质类型。苗菜产量与粗纤维、天门冬氨酸呈显著正相关。与苏氨酸、甘氨酸、蛋氨酸、异亮氨酸、亮氨酸、赖氨酸、精氨酸、脯氨酸呈显著负相关(P<0.01)。本研究筛选出清运红花-2,盐城青豌豆、甘肃灰豌豆、宁夏小李粒麻豌豆等高产和2258小豌豆、保加利亚豌豆、绿珠、1341豌豆等优质苗菜用豌豆品种资源。 相似文献
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利用田间试验探讨不同绿肥品种的生长,明确适宜贵州黄壤种植的绿肥品种,为贵州黄壤区绿肥的推广种植提供依据。于2017-2018年在贵州省贵阳市开展田间试验,以不同品种冬种绿肥(箭筈豌豆、苕子)为试验材料,调查其生育期与分枝数,测定不同绿肥品种生物量及氮素含量,折算氮素累积量,测定留种产量。结果表明,不同绿肥的生育期不同,苕子品种生育期高于箭筈豌豆品种,箭筈豌豆品种分枝数高于苕子品种;鲜草产量以6625号箭筈豌豆为最大,达到24927kg·hm^-2,高于其他处理52~5120kg·hm^-2,6625号箭筈豌豆干草产量为3630kg·hm^-2,高于其他处理39~741kg·hm^-2;氮素累积量以6625号箭筈豌豆最大,为61.90kg·hm^-2,高于其他处理;6625号箭筈豌豆留种产量为1254kg·hm^-2,高于其他品种1~740kg·hm^-2。在贵州黄壤区,箭筈豌豆和苕子均适合收割后还田改土,但苕子不适合留种种植,推荐6625号箭筈豌豆和S79-6箭筈豌豆为贵州黄壤区种植还田的绿肥品种,6625号箭筈豌豆和333/A号箭筈豌豆为适合贵州黄壤区种植还田的留种绿肥品种。 相似文献
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不同绿肥品种翻压对玉米产量及土壤肥力的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为确定不同生态区最佳绿肥对象,通过大田小区试验研究不同绿肥翻压对玉米产量及对土壤性状的影响。结果表明：光叶紫花苕综合生物学性状较好,是提高玉米直径、长度与生物学产量及养分的较好绿肥,尤其在缺磷地区是较好的绿肥,但应提早掩埋时间,以提高玉米有效株数;紫云英是提高玉米籽粒产量、秸秆产量的较好绿肥;小麦对板结的粘土改良有积极意义,小麦与黑麦草应提早播种期,黑麦草在缺磷地区是较好绿肥;箭筈豌豆是提高土壤微生物及酶活性的较好绿肥,综合生物学性状较好;肥田萝卜是改良酸化土壤与提高生物学产量及养分的良好绿肥,在缺磷地区是较好绿肥。以综合指标来看,箭筈豌豆是湘西州绿肥种植较适宜对象。 相似文献
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不同绿肥翻压对玉米产量及土壤肥力的影响 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
《中国农学通报》2016,(9)
为确定不同生态区最佳绿肥对象,通过大田小区试验研究不同绿肥翻压对玉米产量及对土壤性状的影响。结果表明:光叶紫花苕综合生物学性状较好,是提高玉米直径、长度与生物学产量及养分的较好绿肥,尤其在缺磷地区是较好的绿肥,但应提早掩埋时间,以提高玉米有效株数;紫云英是提高玉米籽粒产量、秸秆产量的较好绿肥;小麦对板结的粘土改良有积极意义,小麦与黑麦草应提早播种期,黑麦草在缺磷地区是较好绿肥;箭筈豌豆是提高土壤微生物及酶活性的较好绿肥,综合生物学性状较好;肥田萝卜是改良酸化土壤与提高生物学产量及养分的良好绿肥,在缺磷地区是较好绿肥。以综合指标来看,箭筈豌豆是湘西州绿肥种植较适宜对象。 相似文献
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中国豌豆地方品种SSR标记遗传多样性分析 总被引：20，自引：4，他引：16
利用21对豌豆多态性SSR引物, 对来自全国春、秋播区19省区市的1 221份豌豆地方品种进行遗传多样性分析, 共扩增出104条多态性带, 每对引物平均扩增出4.95个等位变异, 其中有效等位变异占62.52%。省份间SSR等位变异分布均匀, 但是省份间有效等位变异数、Shannon’s信息指数(I)差异明显, 省籍资源群间遗传多样性差异显著。遗传多样性以内蒙古资源群最高, 甘肃、四川、云南和西藏等资源群其次, 辽宁资源群最低。PCA三维空间聚类图揭示, 我国豌豆地方品种资源分化成3个基因库, 基因库I主要由春播区的内蒙古、陕西资源构成, 基因库II主要由秋播区最北端的河南资源构成, 基因库III主要由除上述省份之外的其他省区市的资源构成。UPGMA聚类分析表明, 不同省份资源群间的遗传距离变化范围为5.159~27.586, 中国豌豆地方资源据此聚类成2个组群8个亚组群, 与3个基因库的聚类结果相呼应。聚类结果显示, 我国豌豆地方品种资源群间遗传距离与其来源地生态环境相关联。 相似文献
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《分子植物育种》2020,(14)
对浙江省主栽的18份盆栽百合种质资源的21个表型性状进行了变异水平评价、相关性分析和遗传多样性分析。结果表明:盆栽百合品种间具有丰富的表型多样性,在品种间均表现出极显著差异。各个性状的表型分化系数VST在96.50%～99.17%之间,平均值为97.95%,群体间平均表型变异约占总变异的97%,表明品种间的变异是盆栽百合品种表型性状变异的主要来源,品种内的变异对百合品种表型性状变异影响不大。各表型性状的平均变异系数(CV)为9.14%,性状离散程度低;不同品种之间性状多样性指数均有不同程度的变异,数量性状中指数最高为花序长(3.689),质量性状中指数最高为花瓣主色(1.765)。Pearson相关性分析发现,盆栽百合的整株花型与营养生长存在显著相关性;相关性状正相关明显大于负相关。表型聚类结果表明,表型性状聚类分析结果与相关性分析一致,18份种质资源被划分为5个居群,基本按花朵表现型而聚类划分。本研究确定表型数据是百合较为合理的评判指标,为盆栽百合育种资源研究提供参考和依据。 相似文献
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通过对神农架及三峡地区22县(市)进行豌豆种质资源考察,搜集种质材料138份,并在武昌进行了田间鉴定。考察、鉴定结果表明,该地区豌豆种质资源丰富,水平分布广泛,垂直分布上限达海拔2000米,且类型多样;据不同方法可分成2个变种、组群或类型。经初步筛选,发现了一些优良种质资源,如高蛋白资源,矮秆资源等。当前对这批资源的利用宜从3方面着手,即提纯复壮综合性状好的地方品种直接用于生产、发展以城郊为主体的蔬菜豌豆生产以及利用优良基因资源促进豌豆育种。性状评价结果,该地区豌豆地方品种的主要性状都不很理想,应尽快改良和更换;相关分析和通径分析,揭示了该地区豌豆资源产量因素间的关系,提出了育种应注意的问题。 相似文献
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G. H. Kroon 《Euphytica》1994,76(1-2):125-125
Summary
K x vadensis is a hybrid of K. blossfeldiana and K. marmorata obtained after doubling the number of chromosomes. 相似文献
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Jens Jensen 《Euphytica》1979,28(1):47-56
Summary The high-lysine gene in Risø mutant 1508 conditions an increased lysine content in the endosperm via a changed protein composition, a decreased seed size, and several other characters of the seed. The designation lys3a, lys3b, and lys3c, is proposed for the allelic high-lysine genes in three Risø mutants, nos 1508, 18, and 19. Linkage studies with translocations locate the lys3 locus in the centromere region of chromosome 7. A linkage study involving the loci lys3 and ddt (resistance to DDT) together with the marker loci fs (fragile stem), s (short rachilla hairs), and r (smooth awn) show that the order of the five loci on chromosome 7 from the long to the short chromosome arm is r, s, fs, lys3, ddt. The distance from locus r to locus ddt is about 100 centimorgans. 相似文献
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Hongyan WEI Jian ZHOU Jinguang LU Jingzheng SONG Qiongxi YU Zhihong JIANG 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):27-29
[Objectives]This study aimed to establish a QAMS(quantitative analysis of multi-components by single-marker)method for simultaneous determination of four phenol... 相似文献
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Summary Avoidance of rust fungi that was based on poor appressorium induction was previously found in Hordeum chilense. In the present study 95 accessions of Triticeae were screened for avoidance of Puccinia hordei. The percentage of appressorium formation per germinated spore ranged from 6 to 90%. On none of the 41 accessions of Aegilops, Agropyron, Elymus, Secale, Thinopyrum or Triticum studied was the rate of appressorium formation lower than 25%. Lower rates of appressorium formation were, however, found on accessions of wild barley species Hordeum brachyantherum, H. marinum, H. parodii and H. secalinum. Its implications in cereal breeding are discussed. 相似文献
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D. A. Bond G. J. Jellis G. G. Rowland J. Le Guen L. D. Robertson S. A. Khalil L. Li-Juan 《Euphytica》1993,73(1-2):151-166
Progress is being made, mainly by ICARDA but also elsewhere, in breeding for resistance to Botrytis, AScochyta, Uromyces, and Orobanche; and some lines have resistance to more than one pathogen. The strategy is to extend multiple resistance but also to seek new and durable forms of resistance. Internationally coordinated programs are needed to maintain the momentum of this work.Tolerance of abiotic stresses leads to types suited to dry or cold environments rather than broad adaptability, but in this cross-pollinated species, the more hybrid vigor expressed by a cultivar, the more it is likely to tolerate various stresses. 相似文献
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Chunli TANG Fengxian ZHAO Hongxia CHEN Jiabao MA Jiangcun WEI Meiyan QIU Zhen XIE 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):60-65
[Objectives]To optimize the water extraction process of Chinese Herbal Compound Man Gan Ning and establish a method for its extraction and content determination... 相似文献
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Mohammed Riyazaddin Polavarapu B. Kavi Kishor Are Ashok Kumar Belum V. S. Reddy Rajendra S. Munghate Hari C. Sharma 《Plant Breeding》2015,134(4):423-436
Sorghum shoot fly, Atherigona soccata, is one of the important pests of postrainy season sorghums. Of the 90 sorghum genotypes evaluated for resistance to this pest, RHRB 12, ICSV 713, 25026, 93046 and 25027, IS 33844‐5, Giddi Maldandi and RVRT 3 exhibited resistance in postrainy season, while ICSB 463, Phule Anuradha, RHRB 19, Parbhani Moti, ICSV 705, PS 35805, IS 5480, 5622, 17726, 18368 and 34722, RVRT 1, ICSR 93031 and Dagidi Solapur showed resistance in rainy season, suggesting season‐specific expression of resistance to A. soccata. ICSB 461, ICSB 463, Phule Yasodha, M 35‐1, ICSV 700, 711, 25010, 25019 and 93089, IS 18662, Phule Vasudha, IS 18551 and 33844‐5 and Barsizoot had fewer deadhearts than plants with eggs across seasons, suggesting antibiosis as one of the resistance mechanism. Five genotypes exhibited resistance with high grain yield across seasons. Correlation, path and stepwise regression analyses indicated that leaf glossiness, seedling vigour, trichome density, oviposition and leaf sheath pigmentation were associated with the expression of resistance/susceptibility to shoot fly, and these can be used as marker traits to select and develop shoot fly‐resistant sorghums. 相似文献
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E. Keep 《Euphytica》1986,35(3):843-855
Summary Cytoplasmic male sterility (cms) is described in the F1 hybrids Ribes × carrierei (R. glutinosum albidum × R. nigrum) and R. sanguineum × R. nigrum. In backcrosses to R. nigrum, progenies with R. glutinosum cytoplasm were either all male sterile, or segregated for full male fertility (F) and complete (S) and partial (I) male sterility. Ratios of F:I+S suggested that two linked genes controlled cms, F plants being dominant for one (Rf
1) and recessive for the other (Rf
2).Segregation for cms in relation to three linded genes, Ce (resistance to the gall mite, Cecidophyopsis ribes), Sph
3(resistance to American gooseberry mildew, Sphaerotheca mors-uvae) and Lf
1(one of two dominant additive genes controlling early season leafing out) indicated that Rf
1and Rf
2were in this linkage group. The gene order and approximate crossover values appeared to be: % MathType!MTEF!2!1!+-% feaafiart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn% hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXafv3ySLgzGmvETj2BSbqef0uAJj3BZ9Mz0bYu% H52CGmvzYLMzaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqr1ngBPrgifHhDYfgasa% acOqpw0xe9v8qqaqFD0xXdHaVhbbf9v8qqaqFr0xc9pk0xbba9q8Wq% Ffea0-yr0RYxir-Jbba9q8aq0-yq-He9q8qqQ8frFve9Fve9Ff0dme% aabaqaciGacaGaamqadaabaeaafaaakeaacaWGdbGaamyzamaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGWaGaaiOlaiaacgdacaGG0aGaaiiiaiaacc% caaaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaamOuaiaadAgaliaaigdakmaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaaccdacaGGUaGaaiOmaiaacs% dacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaaaacaWGsbGaamOzaSGa% aGOmaOWaaWaaaeaacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacc% cacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccaaaGaamitaiaadAgaliaaigdakmaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacc% cacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaaaaiaadofacaWGWbGaamiAaSGa% aG4maaaa!6E4D!\[Ce\underline { 0.14 } Rf1\underline { 0.24 } Rf2\underline { } Lf1\underline { } Sph3\]. Crossover values of 0.36 for Ce-Lf
1, and 0.15 for Lf
1-Sph
3were estimated from the relative mean differences in season of leafing out between seedlings dominant and recessive for Ce and Sph
3.It is suggested that competitive disadvantage of lf
1-carrying gametes and/or zygotes at low temperatures may be implicated in the almost invariable deficit of plants dominant for the closely linked mildew resistance allele Sph
3. Poor performance of lf
1- (and possibly lf
2-) carrying gametes and young zygotes during periods of low temperature at flowering might also account for the liability of some late season cultivars and selections to premature fruit drop (running off). 相似文献
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[Objectives] To determine the optimum extraction technology for total phenols of leaves in Acanthopanax giraldii Harms.[Methods]The single factor test and ortho... 相似文献
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Summary
Hordeum chilense is a wild barley extensively used in wide crosses in the Triticeae. It could be a valuable source of resistance to Fusarium culmorum and Septoria nodorum. Some H. chilense x Triticum spp. amphiploids, named tritordeums, were more resistant than the parental wheat line to these diseases, others were not. Average contents of ergosterol and deoxynivalenol (DON) suggested that resistance to colonization by Fusarium was the highest for Hordeum chilense, followed by tritordeum and wheat in decreasing order. In particular, the H. chilense genotypes H7 and H17 enhanced the wheat resistance to F. culmorum in its tritordeum offsprings. Resistance to S. nodorum in tritordeum was not associated with tall plant height. There is sufficient genetic variation for resistance to F. culmorum and S. nodorum among tritordeum to allow the breeding of lines combining short straw and resistance to both diseases. 相似文献