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罗非鱼源蜡样芽孢杆菌分离、鉴定及药敏特性研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
从福建漳州某养殖场患出血病死亡的罗非鱼肝脏、肾脏及脾脏分离到一株致病性菌株FJLF。对该菌进行了形态特征观察、理化特性测定及16S rRNA序列分子鉴定。生理生化特征和16S rRNA基因序列分析结果显示,分离到的FJLF株为蜡样芽孢杆菌(Bacillus cereus)。人工感染该菌后发病鱼出现与自然发病类似症状,且从病灶中分离到与原感染菌一致菌株。腹腔注射后该菌株对罗非鱼的半致死剂量LD_(50)=2.30×10~6CFU/g。FJLF株对诺氟沙星、头孢噻肟、新霉素及卡那霉素等8种抗生素高度敏感;对环丙沙星、痢特灵、红霉素及链霉素中度敏感;对苯唑西林、青霉素、头孢拉定及阿莫西林等10种抗生素耐药。 相似文献
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对患病中华鳖(Trionyn sinensis)进行病原分离、鉴定及药敏实验。从患病中华鳖肝、肾、脾及腹水分离纯化病原菌,经理化特性测定及16S rRNA序列分析对其进行鉴定,开展人工感染试验,并利用K-B进行药敏特性分析。结果显示分离菌株HD01为本次引发中华鳖病害的病原菌,其对中华鳖的LD50为4.48×106CFU/g。HD01株理化特性与粘质沙雷氏菌一致,16S rRNA序列与粘质沙雷氏菌同源性为99%,综合判定分离菌株为粘质沙雷氏菌(Serratia marcescens)。HD01株对氟苯尼考、多西环素、庆大霉素及苯唑西林等14种抗生素高度敏感;对青霉素、头孢拉定、新霉素等7种抗生素耐药。分离菌株HD01是中华鳖病原菌,养殖时可选用氟苯尼考、庆大霉素及多西环素等药物进行防控。 相似文献
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棘胸蛙烂皮病奇异变形杆菌的分离、鉴定及对药物敏感性研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
从患烂皮病的棘胸蛙(Rana spinosa)中分离到一株致病菌,通过形态学、生理生化试验等方法鉴定该致病菌株为奇异变形杆菌(Proteus mirabilis)。同时,通过抑菌圈法研究了该菌株对11种抗生素、11种中草药、4种消毒剂的敏感性。结果显示:该菌株对头孢曲松、阿莫西林、链霉素、诺氟沙星、庆大霉素、卡那霉素、氯霉素等抗生素敏感,对四环素、红霉素不敏感;未观察到黄芪、茵陈对该菌的抑制作用,忍冬藤抑菌效果最好,其次依次为紫花地丁、金银花与甘草、鱼腥草、大青叶与柴胡、陈皮、黄连;致病菌株对消毒剂的敏感性依次为:高锰酸钾﹥三氯异氰脲酸﹥硫酸铜﹥氧化钙。 相似文献
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2021年11月，辽宁大连某养殖场红鳍东方鲀(Takifugu rubripes)出现死亡。通过对患病红鳍东方鲀病灶部位进行细菌分离培养、细菌革兰氏染色、以及细菌16S rDNA序列分析，从患病红鳍东方鲀中共分离出3株优势菌且均为弧菌，分别为哈维弧菌(Vibrio harveyi)、大菱鲆源弧菌(V.scophthalmi)、费氏弧菌(Aliivibrio fischeri)。药敏检测结果表明，费氏弧菌对复方新诺明、氟苯尼考、多西环素3种抗生素敏感；大菱鲆源弧菌仅对恩诺沙星敏感；哈维弧菌对环丙沙星、复方新诺明、氟苯尼考、多西环素、恩诺沙星5种抗生素敏感。3种优势菌对16种抗生素的药物敏感实验结果表明3种优势菌均为多重耐药菌。结合药敏实验结果与相关研究，推荐联合多西环素与山苍子植物精油对红鳍东方鲀体表溃烂病进行防治。 相似文献
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为探明患结节病蓝鳃太阳鱼的病因,从蓝鳃太阳鱼(Lepomis macrochirus)脾脏结节处分离获得一病原菌SD1810。通过菌落形态、细菌生理生化鉴定和16S rRNA基因序列分析,确定所得菌株为鰤鱼诺卡氏菌(Nocardia seriolae)。人工回归感染试验结果显示,注射浓度为2.8×107 CFU/mL的菌液能使蓝鳃太阳鱼患病致死,发病症状与原感染鱼相似。从死亡太阳鱼体内可重新分离到与SD1810形态特征、生理生化指标相一致的病菌。对分离获得的鰤鱼诺卡氏菌进行药敏试验分析,结果表明,鰤鱼诺卡氏菌SD1810对红霉素、利福平、庆大霉素、氯霉素、阿米卡星、氟苯尼考等10种抗生素极其敏感,对头孢唑啉,诺氟沙星,青霉素、氨苄青霉素和阿莫西林等6种抗生素具有耐药性。 相似文献
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为确定稻田养殖的大鳞副泥鳅(Paramisgurnus dabryanus)出血病病原与防治措施,应用微生物分离技术和分子生物学相关方法,对患出血病的大鳞副泥鳅进行病原菌的分离和鉴定并分析其药物敏感性。从患出血病大鳞副泥鳅中分离到3株优势菌(命名为DLFNQ-1、DLFNQ-2、DLFNQ-3);回归感染实验结果显示,仅DLFNQ-1对大鳞副泥鳅具有致病性,半致死浓度为2.3×10~7 CFU/mL;生理生化试验表明,DLFNQ-1菌株对葡萄糖、阿拉伯糖、氧化酶、七叶灵等反应为阳性,对柠檬酸、尿素酶等反应为阴性,与嗜水气单胞菌的生理生化特性相符;DLFNQ-1菌株的16S rDNA序列与嗜水气单胞菌(JN391411.1)的相似度达到99.7%,N-J进化树显示其16S rDNA与其它嗜水气单胞菌的聚为一支。DLFNQ-1菌株对庆大霉素、妥布霉素这两种抗生素高度敏感,对阿洛西林、哌拉西林、卡那霉素等中度敏感,对青霉素、阿莫西林、四环素等呈现出一定的耐药性。结果表明,引起稻田养殖大鳞副泥鳅出血病的病原为嗜水气单胞菌(Aeromonas hydrophila),稻田养殖时可选用庆大霉素、妥布霉素进行防控。 相似文献
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恩诺沙星控制草鱼维氏气单胞菌的用药方案 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
从四川成都一养殖场大规模发病死亡的草鱼(Ctenopharyngodon idella)病灶处分离一株病原菌CiAV01,结合形态学和16S rDNA序列分析,鉴定该菌为维氏气单胞菌(Aeromonas veronii)。回归感染实验结果表明,分离菌株感染草鱼致死率为100%,出现了局部出血、腹腔积水等症状。采用琼脂平板扩散法研究了16种抗生素对分离菌株CiAV01的体外抑菌作用,在供试的抗生素中,恩诺沙星对该分离菌株CiAV01最为敏感。选择恩诺沙星对分离菌株进行体外药效学研究表明,恩诺沙星对分离菌株CiAV01的最小抑菌浓度(MIC)为0.25μg/mL,最小杀菌浓度(MBC)为0.50μg/mL,MBC/MIC为2。结合其药物动力学参数和MIC、MBC、防突变浓度(MPC)、突变选择窗(MSW)和抗菌后效应(PAE)制定防突变给药方案为:剂量20 mg/kg、每日一次给药、连续给药3～5 d。 相似文献
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为探究临沂市某草鱼养殖场发生病害的原因，从患病的草鱼(Ctenopharyngodon idellus)肝脏和肾脏混合组织中分离得到一株优势致病菌G-13,通过细菌形态学观察、革兰氏染色、生理生化特征、16S rRNA基因测序，以及系统发育分析等完成菌株鉴定，并测定其耐药特性。形态特征显示G-13是一种短杆状的革兰氏阴性菌，在LB固体平板上形成乳白色、圆形、整体呈隆起状、边缘较为整齐、表面光滑湿润的菌落；16S rRNA系统发育进化分析发现G-13与荧光假单胞菌(Pseudomonas fluorescens)聚在一支，序列同源性高达100%;生理生化试验显示葡萄糖、精氨酸双水解酶、鸟氨酸脱羧酶、赖氨酸脱羧酶、氧化酶、无盐和3%NaCl胰胨水等7项指标为阳性，与假单胞菌属特征相近，确定分离株G-13为P.fluorescens。药敏试验结果显示菌株G-13对丁胺卡那、多西环素、四环素、新霉素、环丙沙星、氧氟沙星等13种抗生素敏感，对氨苄西林、头孢拉定、克林霉素、呋喃唑酮等7种抗生素耐药。 相似文献
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由丹东东港市某养殖场患病的南美白对虾(Penaeus vannamei)幼虾组织体内分离出一株优势菌,通过全自动细菌分析仪及16srDNA序列分析对该菌株进行鉴定,命名为DS180707。并进行人工感染试验和药敏实验。结果显示,本次患病幼虾致病菌为溶藻弧菌,且具有较强的致病性。该菌对氟苯尼考、氯霉素、恩诺杀星、诺氟沙星、氧氟沙星、左氧氟沙星等6种抗生素敏感。 相似文献
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山瑞鳖塞氏柠檬酸杆菌的分离鉴定及药物敏感性研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
从患致死性传染病的山瑞鳖(Palea steindachneri)组织中分离到一株细菌(YL090422),对该菌形态、生理生化特征及致病性进行分析,并用BIOLOG自动微生物鉴定系统及16S rDNA序列分析对其进行了鉴定。结果显示:该菌具有较强的致病性,且为发酵型革兰氏阴性短杆菌,无芽胞及荚膜;具有对葡萄糖、精氨酸双水解酶、鸟氨酸脱羧酶、脲酶、西蒙氏柠檬酸盐、丙二酸盐、卫茅醇、吲哚、动力等反应呈阳性,对氧化酶、赖氨酸脱羧酶、苯丙氨酸脱氨酶、V-P反应等呈阴性的特点。BIOLOG自动微生物鉴定系统显示该菌为塞氏柠檬酸杆菌(Citrobacter sedlakii)。16S rDNA序列分析得到1条长度为1464bp的核苷酸序列(GenBank登录号为GU726186),并显示该分离株与塞氏柠檬酸杆菌(C.sedlakii)的同源性达99.9%,且在系统发育树上与C.sedlakii聚为一支。鉴定结果确认菌株YL090422为塞氏柠檬酸杆菌(Citrobacter sedlakii)。药敏试验结果显示:该菌对供试16种抗菌药物中的阿米卡星等3种药物敏感,对头孢哌酮等3种药物中度敏感,对氨苄青霉素等10种抗生素均存在不同程度的耐药。 相似文献
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Association between the interannual variation in the oceanic environment and catch rates of bigeye tuna (Thunnus obesus) in the Atlantic Ocean 
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下载免费PDF全文 The environmental processes associated with variability in the catch rates of bigeye tuna in the Atlantic Ocean are largely unexplored. This study used generalized additive models (GAMs) fitted to Taiwanese longline fishery data from 1990 to 2009 and investigated the association between environmental variables and catch rates to identify the processes influencing bigeye tuna distribution in the Atlantic Ocean. The present findings reveal that the year (temporal factor), latitude and longitude (spatial factors), and major regular longline target species of albacore catches are significant for the standardization of bigeye tuna catch rates in the Atlantic Ocean. The standardized catch rates and distribution of bigeye tuna were found to be related to environmental and climatic variation. The model selection processes showed that the selected GAMs explained 70% of the cumulative deviance in the entire Atlantic Ocean. Regarding environmental factors, the depth of the 20 degree isotherm (D20) substantially contributed to the explained deviance; other important factors were sea surface temperature (SST) and sea surface height deviation (SSHD). The potential fishing grounds were observed with SSTs of 22–28°C, a D20 shallower than 150 m and negative SSHDs in the Atlantic Ocean. The higher predicted catch rates were increased in the positive northern tropical Atlantic and negative North Atlantic Oscillation events with a higher SST and shallow D20, suggesting that climatic oscillations affect the population abundance and distribution of bigeye tuna. 相似文献
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Liping Li Rui Wang Wanwen Liang Xi Gan Ting Huang Yan Huang Jian Li Yunliang Shi Honglin Luo Ming Chen 《广西水产科技》2014,(1)
Previously, we reported 10 PEGE types of 85 tilapia Streptococcus agalactiae(GBS), which shifted from Streptococcus iniae in China, by using PEGE method. Presently, larger and more representative tilapia GBS were isolated, for the ?rst time in China, to characterize their serotypes and genetic diversities more precisely than had done before. 168 GBS strains were distributed in ?ve provinces of China, in which Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan were the major ones, holding36.9%(62/168), 37.5%(63/168) and 19.6%(33/168), respectively. Serotypes, Ia, Ib and III, were observed in these strains and the most predominant one was Ia(95.2%), which mainly distributed in Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan. Ia initially occurred in 2009, it shoot up to 32.1% in 2010,but decreased to 16.1% in 2011 before went up to 45.2% in 2012. Ib sporadically occurred during2007–2011, III onlyoccurred in 2012. 14 different PFGE types, including 4 new types(N, O,P and Q), were observed, in which B, D, F and G were the predominant types, holding 83.9%(141/168) of the total GBS strains. Ia corresponded to 11 PFGE types(A–H, N–P), in which type D predominated(51%). Ib represented 3 genotypes(I, J and Q) and III harbored only 2genotypes(N and F). Type N and Fsynchronously presented in Ia and III. In summary, the genetic diversity of tilapia GBS varied by serotypes and changed with geographical locations and years.Although Iastillpredominated, new rareserotypeIII alreadyoccurred in China. 相似文献
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In this experiment, a feeding trial was performed to determine the effects of fructooligosaccharide (FOS) on growth performance, digestive enzyme activity and immune response of Japanese sea bass, Lateolabrax japonicus juveniles (initial weight 38.3 ± 0.5 g), and the fish were examined following feeding with six levels of FOS (0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 and 6 g/kg) for 28 days. Significant enhancement of weight gain (WG) and specific growth rate (SGR) was found in fish fed 1 g/kg FOS incorporated diets (p < .05), while the feed conversion ratio (FCR) in the 1, 2 g/kg FOS groups reduced significantly compared with the control (p < .05). Besides, the crude lipid in the 4, 6 g/kg FOS groups increased significantly compared with the control (p < .05). On the other hand, the erepsin and lipase activities significantly elevated in intestine of fish fed 2 g/kg FOS (p < .05) and the lysozyme activity in serum of fish fed 2 g/kg FOS were significantly higher than that in the control (p < .05). Moreover, the alkaline phosphatase activities in serum of fish fed 0.5, 1, 2 g/kg FOS were significantly higher than in control (p < .05). Regression analysis showed that the relationships between dietary FOS levels and either SGR, FCR, erepsin or lysozyme activities were best expressed by regression equations, and the optimal inclusion levels are 1.37, 1.80, 3.06, 3.11, 1.93 and 1.80 g/kg for SGR, FCR, erepsin, lipase, lysozyme and total superoxide dismutase activities, respectively. Overall, this study revealed that FOS incorporated diets could beneficial for L. japonicus culture in terms of increasing the growth, digestion and immune activities. Under the present experimental condition, the optimal supplementary level of FOS in the diet of L. japonicus is 1–3 g/kg. 相似文献
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Iciar Martinez Amaya Velasco Ricardo Pérez-Martín Eskil Forås Michiaki Yamashita Carmen G. Sotelo 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2013,22(4):289-297
The purpose of this work was to evaluate the suitability of a method based on the presence of two restriction sites (for Hae III and Hindf I) in the mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase subunit 5 (mt ND5) gene to identify Scomber species. The evaluation was performed on 144 reference and market samples by sequencing of the entire 505-bp fragment of the mt ND5 gene and of a 464-bp fragment of the Kocher fragment of the cytochrome b gene (mt Cytb). Sequence analysis of any of the two fragments allows the identification of each of the four Scomber species, but S. japonicus and S. colias had the same restriction sites at the ND5 amplicon and would not have been differentiated by this analysis. Similarly, loss of the Hae III site in some S. scombrus individuals would have misidentified them as not being Scomber. All the market products were correctly labeled except one acquired in Spain labeled as originating in the Atlantic and containing S. japonicus. 相似文献
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Growth hormone (GH) and reproduction: a review 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
Florence Le Gac Odile Blaise Alex Fostier Pierre-Yves Le Bail Maurice Loir Brigitte Mourot Claudine Weil 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》1993,11(1-6):219-232
Interaction between growth and reproduction occurs in many vertebrates and is particularly obvious at certain stages of the life cycle in fish. Endocrine interactions between the gonadotropic axis and the somatotropic axis are described, the potential role of GH being emphasised. A comparative analysis of these phenomena in mammals, amphibians and fish, suggests a specific role of GH in the physiology of puberty, gametogenesis and fertility. It also shows the original contribution made by studies on the fish model in this field of investigations. 相似文献
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Two gonadotropins (GtH; Qa and Qb) were purified by gel filtration and ion exchange chromatography from the pituitaries of Indian walking catfish (Clarias batrachus). The presence of GtH during purification was assessed by in vitro oocyte maturation and in vivo steroidogenic activity, and their identities were determined by elution profiles, molecular weight, biological activities and yield. The molecular weights of Qa and Qb were 37 and 42 kDa, respectively, and composed of distinct subunits (Qa: 20 and 14 kDa and Qb: 26 and 18 kDa). Polyclonal antibodies raised against Qa immunostained Qa, Qb and pituitary GtH cells. A competitive Qa‐ELISA was developed whose sensitivity was 6.25 ng mL?1 (1.25 ng well?1) with intra‐ (3.5%) and inter‐ (12.4%) assay coefficients of variation. Displacement curves parallel to the standard were obtained with plasma and pituitary extracts of catfish, Qb and carp GtHII. The assay was validated by measuring the plasma Qa levels after LHRH treatment and in relation to ovarian growth in the female catfish during different reproductive phases. Based on the results, Qa and Qb corresponded to fish LH and FSH respectively. The findings will increase the knowledge of the mechanisms controlling fish reproduction and identification of sensitive phases in fish in captivity for hormonal manipulation. 相似文献
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Controlled infection of Poecilia reticulata Peters (guppy) with Tetrahymena by immersion and intraperitoneal injection 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 G Sharon M Pimenta‐Leibowitz M C L Vilchis N Isakov D Zilberg 《Journal of fish diseases》2015,38(1):67-74
Tetrahymena is a protozoan parasite, which infects guppy, Poecilia reticulata Peters, and causes substantial economical losses in commercial farms worldwide. Studies of guppy infected by Tetrahymena require standardized infection protocols. The LD50 for Tetrahymena infection of guppies by intraperitoneal (IP) injection was calibrated, and the level obtained was 946 parasites per fish. Guppy infection with Tetrahymena by immersion, imitating the natural route of infection via the integument, was studied under normal or stress conditions. Exposure to cold and netting (CNI) and to cold only (CI) followed by immersion exposure to 10 000 Tetrahymena per mL resulted in 22.5% and 19.2% mortality, respectively, as compared to 14.2% and 10% in groups that were netted only (NI) or non‐stressed (I). Histopathology revealed that immersion infection resulted in a systemic infection. Lysozyme levels, measured 3 weeks after infection, were significantly higher in the CNI group (288 μg per mg protein) compared with CI‐, NI‐ and I‐treated groups (94.5, 64 and 62.3 μg mg?1, respectively). There was no evident parasite immobilization activity in body homogenates, suggesting no development of acquired immunity. Re‐infection by IP injection revealed no increase in protection in any of the treatment groups, mortality range of 56.3–75%, higher than in the non‐exposed control (40.6% mortality). 相似文献
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