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小麦可溶性非淀粉多糖对肉仔鸡小肠粘膜二糖酶活性的影响 总被引：17，自引：0，他引：17
在体内、外研究了小麦可溶性非淀粉多糖(SNSP)对肉仔鸡小肠粘膜二糖酶活性的影响。取1日龄黄羽肉鸡105羽,随机分为3组,饲喂由玉米—豆粕、小麦—豆粕和玉米—豆粕加小麦SNSP提取物组成的3种日粮 ,分别于1、4、7、10、14、18和21日龄宰杀 ,取小肠粘膜 ,测定5种粘膜二糖酶的活性。体内试验结果表明 ,与玉米—豆粕日粮相比 ,小麦—豆粕日粮对肉仔鸡小肠粘膜乳糖酶、麦芽糖酶和纤维二糖酶活性抑制作用显著 (P<0.05)。玉米—豆粕加小麦SNSP提取物日粮对肉仔鸡小肠粘膜麦芽糖酶活性抑制作用显著 (P<0.05)。体外试验结果表明 ,小麦木聚糖显著降低乳糖酶、蔗糖酶、海藻糖酶和纤维二糖酶的活性 (P<0.05) ,极显著降低麦芽糖酶的活性 (P<0.01)。桦木木聚糖和小麦SNSP提取物分别显著降低蔗糖酶、海藻糖酶和纤维二糖酶的活性 (P<0.05) ,极显著降低麦芽糖酶的活性 (P<0.01)。研究结果表明 ,小麦SNSP无论在体内或在体外 ,均可抑制肉仔鸡小肠粘膜二糖酶活性。抑制小肠粘膜二糖酶活性是小麦SNSP抗营养作用的重要机制之一。 相似文献
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《养殖与饲料．饲料世界》2003,(7):15-16
1 纤维素酶及其作用机制 纤维素酶是降解纤维素生成葡萄糖一组酶的总称。的纤维素酶分为C-1酶、C_x酶和纤维二糖酶。C_1酶主要作用于天然纤维素,使之转变为非结晶的纤维素。C_x酶又分为C_(x1)酶和C_(x2)酶两种。C_(x1)酶是一种内断型纤维素酶,它从水合非结晶纤维素分子内部作用于β—(1,4)葡萄糖苷键,生成纤维糊精与纤维二糖。C_(x2)酶是一种外断型纤维素酶,它从水合性纤维素分子的非还原端作用于β—(1,4)葡萄糖苷键,逐步切断β—(1,4)糖苷键生成葡萄糖。纤维二糖酶又称β—葡萄糖苷酶,其作用于纤维二糖,生成葡萄糖。上述纤维素 相似文献
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综述二糖酶在动物体内的种类、结构、性质、分泌、分布、发育规律和在消化吸收中的功能 ,以及影响二糖酶水平的因素 ,如激素、日粮等 ,揭示了二糖酶在消化中的重要意义 ,且论述了二糖酶测定方法的原理 相似文献
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纤维素酶的应用进展 总被引：24，自引：1，他引：23
1 纤维素酶的作用机制根据酶的作用方式纤维素酶分为Ｃ1 酶、ＣＸ酶和纤维二糖酶等类型。Ｃ1 酶主要作用于天然纤维素 ,使之转变为非结晶的纤维素。ＣＸ 酶又分为ＣＸ1 酶和ＣＸ2 酶两种。ＣＸ1 酶是一种内断型纤维素酶 ,它从水合非结晶纤维素分子内部作用于 β- ( 1 ,4)糖苷键 ,生成纤维糊精与纤维二糖。ＣＸ2酶是一种外断型纤维素酶 ,它从水合性纤维素分子的非还原端作用于β - ( 1 ,4)糖苷键 ,逐步切断β - ( 1 ,4)糖苷键生成葡萄糖。纤维二糖酶则作用于纤维二糖 ,生成葡萄糖 (何明清 ,1 994)。在动物饲料中添加纤维素酶的作用机制在于 … 相似文献
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<正>纤维素酶是生物产生的多组分的混合蛋白质,在适当的条件下,能使不溶性纤维素水解成可溶性糖。纤维素酶的酶系非常复杂,主要包括:内切纤维素酶、外切纤维素酶和β-葡糖苷酶。通常,内切葡聚糖酶随意水解纤维素链产生不同聚合度的纤维素聚体,外切葡聚糖酶从非还原端水解纤维素产生纤维二糖,β-葡糖苷酶 相似文献
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综述二糖酶在动物体内的种类、结构、性质、分泌、分布、发育规律和在消化吸收中的功能，以及影响二糖酶水平的因素，如激素、日粮等，揭示了二糖酶在消化中的重要意义，且论述了二糖酶测定方法的原理。 相似文献
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研究4种不同形式糖对荣昌仔猪小肠二糖酶和养分消化代谢的影响。选择35日龄断奶荣昌仔猪120只,随机分为4组,基础日粮中分别添加葡萄糖8%、蔗糖8%、乳糖8%、淀粉8%,于饲喂的第7天和第30天各组抽取3只测定小肠3种二糖酶活性;同时在各组取4头公猪进行养分的消化代谢试验。结果表明:添加不同形式糖的日粮在7 d和30 d时对小肠各段3种二糖酶的活性有影响,4种形式糖对干物质、粗纤维、粗脂肪、无氮浸出物的消化有显著影响(P<0.05),对蛋白质和有机物质的消化以及蛋白质的生物学价值无影响。4种形式糖对小肠各段二糖酶活的大小有影响;不影响含氮化合物和有机物质的吸收和利用,对日粮中的干物质和非含氮化合物消化吸收产生显著影响(P<0.05)。 相似文献
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试验以猪小肠上皮细胞(IPEC-1)为模型,探讨甘露二糖和甘露三糖抑制大肠杆菌对IPEC-1细胞黏附、侵袭和损伤的影响。在IPEC-1细胞培养基中分别加入甘露二糖和甘露三糖,使培养基中甘露二糖和甘露三糖终浓度分别为0(对照组)、5、10、20μg/mL和40μg/mL。采用平板计数法检测甘露二糖和甘露三糖对IPEC-1黏附与侵袭的影响;建立大肠杆菌诱导细胞损伤模型,采用乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)法检测甘露寡糖对细胞损伤的修复作用。试验结果表明:与对照组相比,甘露二糖和甘露三糖能显著抑制大肠杆菌对IPEC-1细胞的黏附与侵袭,且随着甘露二糖和甘露三糖浓度的增加,其抑制效果增强,具有剂量效应,甘露二糖、甘露三糖浓度在40μg/mL时,其对大肠杆菌的黏附抑制达到最强;甘露二糖、甘露三糖能降低大肠杆菌对IPEC-1细胞的损伤。甘露二糖和甘露三糖能抑制致病性大肠杆菌对IPEC-1细胞的黏附、侵袭和损伤,保证细胞的完整性。 相似文献
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对巴什吐格草地自然地理环境、植被分布规律与草场类型特点研究结果表明，该区草地是中昆仑山北坡自然环境最好、植被发育最好、放牧地形最好和供水条件最好的典型草场之一。自南向北，草场植被垂直分布十分明显，东、西部植被水平分布亦有较显著差异。根据新疆草地分类系统可划分为：山地荒漠、山地草原化荒漠、山地荒漠草原、山地典型草原、高寒草原和高寒草甸６类及６个亚类、１１个组、１４个型。。山地荒漠草原和山地典型草原分别是冬春场和夏秋场的主体类型，各占冬春场和夏秋场草地可利用面积的４８２２％和６６７１％。结合当地草场实际，提出了草地合理开发利用的意见。 相似文献
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W. D. Harbison R. F.Slocombe Sandra J. Watts G. A. Stewart M.V.Sc 《Australian veterinary journal》1974,50(12):543-546
Investigations into the analgesic effect of thiambutene and its value as a pre-anaesthetic agent were carried out in the horse and the sheep. Special emphasis was placed on the post-anaesthetic recovery period.
Thiambutene produced analgesia in both species. Toxic effects such as muscle tremor and hyperkinesia occurred with high doses. Prior administration of acepromazine increased the tolerated doses of thiambutene, and satisfactory neuroleptanalgesic states were produced.
Combined use of thiambutene and acepromazine in pre-anaesthetic medication reduced the dose of thiopentone required for anaesthesia in both species and significantly improved post-anaesthetic recovery.
Administration of nalorphine in both species reduced the duration of the recovery period. In the horse, even after prolonged thiopentone anaesthesia, nalorphine produced a shorter, quieter recovery.
It was concluded that pre-anaesthetic medication with thiambutene and acepromazine facilitated thiopentone anaesthesia and greatly reduced the problems of post-anaesthetic recovery in horses. 相似文献
Thiambutene produced analgesia in both species. Toxic effects such as muscle tremor and hyperkinesia occurred with high doses. Prior administration of acepromazine increased the tolerated doses of thiambutene, and satisfactory neuroleptanalgesic states were produced.
Combined use of thiambutene and acepromazine in pre-anaesthetic medication reduced the dose of thiopentone required for anaesthesia in both species and significantly improved post-anaesthetic recovery.
Administration of nalorphine in both species reduced the duration of the recovery period. In the horse, even after prolonged thiopentone anaesthesia, nalorphine produced a shorter, quieter recovery.
It was concluded that pre-anaesthetic medication with thiambutene and acepromazine facilitated thiopentone anaesthesia and greatly reduced the problems of post-anaesthetic recovery in horses. 相似文献
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Hussein M. El-Maghraby MVSc PhD Thomas G. Nyland DVM Roy W. Bellhorn DVM MS 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》1995,36(2):148-151
The normal ultrasonographic anatomy and biometry of 60 adult sheep and 60 adult cattle eyes were evaluated by saline immersion technique. Five intraocular dimensions were taken: corneal thickness, aqueous chamber depth, lens diameter, vitreous chamber depth and axis bulbi. The eyes were then frozen and cut in a sagittal plane and the same dimensions were measured directly. A- and B-mode measurements were compared with each other and with that of direct measurements. There was no difference between A- and B-mode measurements. However, there was a difference between ultrasound and direct measurements. 相似文献
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不同倍性鸭茅同功酶比较研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
采用生化遗传学的方法,对我国亚热带地区几个二倍体和四倍体野生鸭茅不同生育期的酯酶,过氧化物酶同功酶进行了比较研究。结果表明,鸭茅二倍体各品系之间,四倍体各品种（系）之间的同源性较高,遗传差异较小,二倍体与四倍体之间,酯酶,过氧经物酶同功酶等都有较大差异。 相似文献
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ROSA NOVELLAS YVONNE ESPADA RAFAEL RUIZ DE GOPEGUI 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2007,48(1):69-73
Resistive index (RI) and pulsatility index (PI) are indirect measurements of blood flow resistance that may be used to evaluate vascular changes in renal and ophthalmologic diseases. To our knowledge, no reports are available describing values for renal and ocular PI index in the unsedated dog and ocular RI and PI indices in the unsedated cat. The purpose of this study was to measure normal values for both intrarenal and ocular RI and PI within the same subject in unsedated clinically normal dogs and cats. Twenty-seven dogs and 10 cats were considered healthy by means of physical examination, CBC, biochemical profile, urinalysis, and ultrasonography. Systolic blood pressure was measured by Doppler ultrasonography. Intrarenal and ocular arteries were scanned by pulsed Doppler ultrasonography to calculate RI and PI. No significant differences were noted between the values obtained for the right vs. the left kidney and eye. The upper values of these indices were calculated as mean+2 standard deviations resulting in 0.72 and 1.52 for dog renal RI and PI; 0.7 and 1.29 for cat renal RI and PI; 0.76 and 1.68 for dog ocular RI and PI; and 0.72 and 1.02 for cat ocular RI and PI. 相似文献
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锰对种蛋受精率、孵化率及蛋中锰、铜、锌浓度的影响 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
选用1日龄星杂“288”鉴别母雏540只进行试验,以探讨日粮中不同水平锰对种蛋受精率、孵化率、蛋中锰、铜、锌浓度的影响,以及蛋中锰含量与受精率、孵化率之间的关系。结果表明:受精率以日粮含锰110mg/kg为最高(77.18％),对照组最低(64.16％),但各组间无显著差异(P>0.05)。受精蛋的孵化率以日粮含锰70mg/kg组最高(94.85％),对照组最低(80.36％),二者差异极显著(P<0.01):雏鸡在一周内脱腱症的发生率:对照组为11.80％,日粮含锰30mg/kg组为636％,其它四组未发现。当日粮中含锰70mg/kg时,不仅可获得最佳孵化率,而且可有效地防止脱腱症的发生。日粮锰含量增高时,对蛋壳、蛋清、蛋黄中铜、锌的含量及蛋清、蛋壳中锰的含量无显著影响(P>0.05),但对蛋黄中锰含量有显著影响(P<0.01).蛋黄中锰含量随日粮锰含量的增高而增加,二者呈极显著的线性相关(r=0.9370).y=0.0168x+3.3062,r为相关系数,y为蛋黄中锰含量,x为日粮中锰含量),日粮添加锰可以显著增加蛋黄中锰含量,而对铜、锌无显著影响。 相似文献
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The distribution of 12,310 cysts of Taenia ovis in 212 experimentally infected lambs and of 46 cysts in 24 naturally infected 5-year-old sheep, has been analysed. It was determined that irrespective of the number of cysticerci in an infected group of animals, about two-thirds were present in the carcase meat, and the remainder were distributed between the heart, diaphragm and head including the tongue. In lightly infected animals, cysticerci were not necessarily present in any of these sites. In individual animals, the number of cysticerci present in any one or in all three of these sites, did not provide accurate information on the extent of the infection in the carcase meat. 相似文献
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泰乐加和呋喃它酮对大肠杆菌与沙门氏菌病的药效研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文对引进的抗菌兽药一泰乐加和呋喃它酮。在我国的条件下,用人工发病的方法进行了药效学研究。首先用体外药敏试验法筛选出三株对泰乐加和呋喃它酮敏感的致病菌,然后进行实验性药物预防治疗试验。试验结果表明。大肠杆菌O_2和O_(78)及沙门氏菌S_9对泰乐加和呋喃它酮高度敏感。呋喃它酮和泰乐加能显著降低沙门氏菌S_9及大肠杆菌O_2和O_(78)人工感染鸡群的发病率和死亡率(P<0.01),在鸡群发病时,用两种药物治疗,能有效地控制病情的发展和减少死亡率;粪便中接种菌的分离鉴定结果表明,两种药物均能显著降低排菌鸡的百分率。两药均不影响雏鸡的增重。实验性药物预防和治疗试验结果与药物临床试验结果相符。 相似文献