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1.
以普通蒸烤馒头和添加2.0%低聚木糖的蒸烤馒头为试材,采用加速预测货架期法,将样品分别置于37℃和47℃条件下,以水分含量、微生物和感官品质评分为考察指标,应用Arrhenius相关模型和统计学原理预测两种蒸烤馒头的货架期,分析添加2.0%低聚木糖对于蒸烤馒头货架期的影响。结果表明,随着储藏时间的延长,在37℃和47℃条件下,普通蒸烤馒头和添加2.0%低聚木糖蒸烤馒头的水分含量略有下降,菌落总数、大肠菌群和霉菌生长繁殖加快,感官品质评分降低。根据Arrhenius相关模型和统计学原理得出,储藏温度20℃和相对湿度60%的条件下,普通蒸烤馒头的货架期为6~13 d,添加2.0%低聚木糖蒸烤馒头的货架期为12~19 d,说明低聚木糖可有效延长蒸烤馒头的货架期。 相似文献
2.
对鲜食甘栗真空包装后在不同温度下贮藏时感官品质的变化情况进行研究,为鲜食甘栗的商品化流通方式提供部分技术参考。将冷杀菌后的鲜食甘栗进行真空包装,分别于4、20、30℃下存放,定期检测其感官品质、水分含量、总淀粉含量、可溶性总糖含量、总蛋白质含量、灰分含量、VC含量,模拟品质变化与贮藏时间的数学模型,并进行方差分析。结果表明:在不同温度贮藏期间,鲜食甘栗的水分含量均随时间的延长呈下降趋势,并且与感官评分呈极显著正相关(P<0.01);贮藏时间与感官评分呈极显著负相关(P<0.01);总蛋白质含量变化不明显。根据所拟合的不同贮藏温度下鲜食甘栗品质指标与货架期的回归方程计算得出,真空包装鲜食甘栗于4℃下存放,可保持食用品质约27.62 d,20℃下约12.41 d,30℃下约7.03 d,验证试验结果与计算预测结果相近,说明此方程可用于预测不同温度下鲜食甘栗品质的保持时间。 相似文献
3.
以鲜切散叶生菜为研究对象,分别研究在4℃贮藏条件下,自来水、次氯酸钠和氧泡泡颗粒3种清洗剂对其生理指标、感官品质和微生物生长情况的影响。结果表明,氧泡泡颗粒处理的鲜切生菜感官评分最高,在贮藏至第8天时,仍可以维持较好的品质,可溶性固形物含量比鲜样降低0.8%,维C含量降低1.09 mg/100 g,还原糖含量降低0.11%,叶绿素含量降低1.443 mg/100 g,在一定程度上延缓了生菜的萎蔫,从而延长其货架期,并且菌落总数小于6 lg(CFU/g),具有食用价值。氧泡泡鲜氧颗粒可用于鲜切散叶生菜的清洗,在抑制微生物生长繁殖的同时可以维持较好的感官品质。 相似文献
4.
研究不同储藏温度下参鸡汤的品质动力学,建立参鸡汤品质指标与货架期寿命的数学模型;采用加速破坏性试验方法(提高储藏温度至40、50℃),预测参鸡汤产品的货架期寿命;通过对菌落总数、硫代巴比妥酸值、挥发性盐基氮及感官品质的测定和观察,确定影响参鸡汤保质期的指标。结果表明:在储藏期间,随温度的升高,参鸡汤的菌落总数和挥发性盐基氮的变化不大,而脂质氧化指标(硫代巴比妥酸反应产物值TBARS)呈上升趋势,说明TBARS最能反映参鸡汤品质的变化情况,可作为确定产品保质期的指标;确定当TBARS达到3 mg/kg时的时间作为参鸡汤的货架寿命期限;根据Arrhenius方程,得产品预测货架期模型θS(25)=θS(40)/Q10(25-40)/10=18.35,即预测25℃条件下参鸡汤的货架期可以达到18个月,期间基本能够保持参鸡汤的原有品质。 相似文献
5.
选择含水量在11.6%～14.5%的30个具有代表性的早籼稻谷样品,分别在20℃和28℃恒温条件下储藏6个月,对其脂肪酸值、品尝评分值进行测定。结果表明:在试验温度下,试样品质劣变速度与水分成正相关性,水分越高,劣变越快,28℃储藏的试样劣变快。 相似文献
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7.
《农产品加工．学刊》2021,(13)
以蔓越莓浓缩汁、奇亚籽为原料,通过单因素试验和正交试验对蔓越莓奇亚籽复合保健饮料的工艺进行探究。结果表明,最佳工艺配方中各组分添加量为蔓越莓浓缩汁4%,奇亚籽5%,柠檬酸0.05%,白砂糖8%,CMC-Na 0.08%,黄原胶0.06%,卡拉胶0.10%,经巴氏杀菌后,研制出的饮料富有蔓越莓的清香、咀嚼感良好、稳定性好。利用加速货架期试验模型分别在4,27,37℃条件下每隔一段时间对样品的感官品质和微生物指标进行检测,得出在20℃时蔓越莓奇亚籽复合保健饮料的货架期为53～77 d。 相似文献
8.
《农产品加工．学刊》2021,(17)
红富士苹果冰温、0℃下贮藏5个月、7个月后分别移入不同温度货架,对果实感官及营养品质进行比较研究。结果表明,与0℃贮藏相比,5个月、7个月冷藏及货架期,冰温贮藏保持了红富士苹果较好的贮藏期及货架期品质。5℃货架温度较15℃下果实失重、硬度、可溶性固形物含量、可滴定酸含量下降缓慢,果面h值增加及果肉L*值下降减缓,花色苷、类黄酮、总酚含量损失率低。果实的营养品质较感官品质在较高的货架温度下损失率更高。因此,适宜的低温贮藏及货架温度可有效保持果实的感官及营养品质。 相似文献
9.
《农产品加工．学刊》2021,(20)
对以青稞为主要原料的固体饮料采用ASLT法预测货架期。将样品分别放置于25,35,45℃条件下,以感官、水分含量、过氧化值为评价指标,通过品质衰变动力学与贮藏温度的关系获得关联方程。结果表明,在贮藏温度25℃时,青稞固体饮料产品保质期达到6个月,由此建立了通过不同的贮藏温度对应不同的衰变速率的货架期关系模型,为产品品质控制与销售策略提供了重要的参考价值。 相似文献
10.
以感官评价为指标,利用响应面分析法对酶解糙米饮品的稳定剂复配方案进行优化。结果表明,糙米饮品的稳定剂最佳复配方案为微晶纤维素添加量0.26%,卡拉胶添加量0.013%,单、双甘油脂肪酸酯添加量0.1%。在该稳定体系条件下,糙米饮品在货架期能够保证产品良好的感官品质。 相似文献
11.
Biological Activity and Quantification of Suspected Allelochemicals from Alfalfa Plant Parts 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
Autotoxicity restricts reseeding of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) after alfalfa until autotoxic chemical(s) breaks down or is dispersed into external environments. A series of aqueous extracts from leaves, stems, roots and seeds of alfalfa ‘Vernal’ were bioassayed against alfalfa seedlings of the same cultivar to determine their autotoxicity. The highest inhibition was found in the extracts from the leaves. Extracts at 40 g dry tissue l?1 from alfalfa leaves were 15.4, 17.5 and 28.7 times more toxic to alfalfa root growth than were those from roots, stems and seeds, respectively. A high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis with nine standard compounds showed that the concentrations and compositions of allelopathic compounds depended on the plant parts. In leaf extracts that showed the most inhibitory effect on root growth, the highest amounts of allelochemicals were detected. Among nine phenolic compounds assayed for their phytotoxicity on root growth of alfalfa, coumarin, trans‐cinnamic acid and o‐coumaric acid at 10?3 m were most inhibitory. The type and amount of causative allelochemicals found in alfalfa plant parts were highly correlated with the results of the bioassay, indicating that the autotoxic effects of alfalfa plant parts significantly differed. 相似文献
12.
C. J. Spurr D. A. Fulton P. H. Brown R. J. Clark 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2002,188(4):275-280
Development of onion (Allium cepa L., cv. ‘Early Cream Gold’) seed under cool climate conditions in Tasmania, Australia occurred over a longer duration than previously reported, but similar patterns of change in yield components were recorded. In contrast to previous studies, umbel moisture content declined from 85 to 67 % over 57 days while seed moisture content decreased from 85 to 31 %. Seed yield continued to increase over the duration of crop development, with increasing seed weight compensating for seed loss resulting from capsule dehiscence in the later stages of maturation. Germination percentage was high and did not vary significantly from 53 to 77 days after full bloom (DAF), but mean germination time declined and uniformity of germination increased significantly over the same time period. The percentage abnormal seedlings declined with later harvest date, resulting in highest seed quality at 77 DAF. The results of this study suggest that the decision to harvest cool climate onion seed crops before capsule dehiscence will result in a loss of potential seed yield and quality. 相似文献
13.
Jens Jensen 《Euphytica》1979,28(1):47-56
Summary The high-lysine gene in Risø mutant 1508 conditions an increased lysine content in the endosperm via a changed protein composition, a decreased seed size, and several other characters of the seed. The designation lys3a, lys3b, and lys3c, is proposed for the allelic high-lysine genes in three Risø mutants, nos 1508, 18, and 19. Linkage studies with translocations locate the lys3 locus in the centromere region of chromosome 7. A linkage study involving the loci lys3 and ddt (resistance to DDT) together with the marker loci fs (fragile stem), s (short rachilla hairs), and r (smooth awn) show that the order of the five loci on chromosome 7 from the long to the short chromosome arm is r, s, fs, lys3, ddt. The distance from locus r to locus ddt is about 100 centimorgans. 相似文献
14.
G. H. Kroon 《Euphytica》1994,76(1-2):125-125
Summary
K x vadensis is a hybrid of K. blossfeldiana and K. marmorata obtained after doubling the number of chromosomes. 相似文献
15.
Hongyan WEI Jian ZHOU Jinguang LU Jingzheng SONG Qiongxi YU Zhihong JIANG 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):27-29
[Objectives]This study aimed to establish a QAMS(quantitative analysis of multi-components by single-marker)method for simultaneous determination of four phenol... 相似文献
16.
Summary Avoidance of rust fungi that was based on poor appressorium induction was previously found in Hordeum chilense. In the present study 95 accessions of Triticeae were screened for avoidance of Puccinia hordei. The percentage of appressorium formation per germinated spore ranged from 6 to 90%. On none of the 41 accessions of Aegilops, Agropyron, Elymus, Secale, Thinopyrum or Triticum studied was the rate of appressorium formation lower than 25%. Lower rates of appressorium formation were, however, found on accessions of wild barley species Hordeum brachyantherum, H. marinum, H. parodii and H. secalinum. Its implications in cereal breeding are discussed. 相似文献
17.
Summary Reactions of 13 grasses to Meloidogyne naasi varied with species; ryegrasses, fescues and their hybrids were generally susceptible and cocksfoot and timothy resistant. Marked variation in host resistance levels occurred between genotypes within cultivars.Selection of single plants, followed by tests on replicate tillers, identified resistant and susceptible genotypes in both Italian and perennial ryegrass cultivars. Resistant plants had few nematode-induced galls and fewer females and eggs than susceptibles. There was more or less continuous variation, with many genotypes intermediate between extremes of resistance and susceptibility. Selected resistant and susceptible genotypes are of use in assessing variation in nematode populations and as controls for breeding and selection programmes. 相似文献
18.
W. Erskine M. Tufail A. Russell M. C. Tyagi M. M. Rahman M. C. Saxena 《Euphytica》1993,73(1-2):127-135
Lentil production is limited by lack of moisture and unfavorable temperatures throughout its distribution. Waterlogging and salinity are only locally important. Progress has been made in breeding for tolerance to drought through selection for an appropriate phenology and increased water use efficiency and in breeding for winter hardiness through selection for cold tolerance.The diseases rust, vascular wilt, and Ascochyta blight, caused by Uromyces viciae-fabae, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lentis, and Ascochyta fabae f. sp. lentis, respectively, are the key fungal pathogens of lentil. Cultivars with resistance to rust and Ascochyta blight have been released in several countries and resistant sources to vascular wilt are being exploited. Sources of resistance to several other fungal and viral diseases of regional importance are known. In contrast, although the pea leaf weevil (Sitona spp.) and the parasitic weed broomrape (Orobanche spp.), and to a lesser extent the cyst nematode (Heterodera ciceri), are significant yield reducers of lentil, no sources of resistance to these biotic stresses have been found. Directions for future research in lentil on both biotic and abiotic stresses are discussed. 相似文献
19.
D. A. Bond G. J. Jellis G. G. Rowland J. Le Guen L. D. Robertson S. A. Khalil L. Li-Juan 《Euphytica》1993,73(1-2):151-166
Progress is being made, mainly by ICARDA but also elsewhere, in breeding for resistance to Botrytis, AScochyta, Uromyces, and Orobanche; and some lines have resistance to more than one pathogen. The strategy is to extend multiple resistance but also to seek new and durable forms of resistance. Internationally coordinated programs are needed to maintain the momentum of this work.Tolerance of abiotic stresses leads to types suited to dry or cold environments rather than broad adaptability, but in this cross-pollinated species, the more hybrid vigor expressed by a cultivar, the more it is likely to tolerate various stresses. 相似文献
20.
Chunli TANG Fengxian ZHAO Hongxia CHEN Jiabao MA Jiangcun WEI Meiyan QIU Zhen XIE 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):60-65
[Objectives]To optimize the water extraction process of Chinese Herbal Compound Man Gan Ning and establish a method for its extraction and content determination... 相似文献