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1.
家畜排卵遥测器的研制和应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文介绍了一种新型牛排卵监测装置和应用该装置进行牛排卵监测的结果。排卵监测装置是根据动物排卵时期可发生体温变化的原理设计的（１）（２）（３），应用该装置对家畜的体温进行连续、无损伤、精确地测量和记录，从而根据体温的变化确定牛排卵与否。试验分明，牛排卵期体温可比非排卵期体温升高０．２０～０．５０℃，并可持续８－１０小时。经直肠检查和剖腹探查验证，注射甲基前列腺素（ＰＧＦ２ａ）后诱导的排卵和自然发情牛的排卵时间分别为出现体温高峰后５～８小时而１５－１８小时。这种排卵期出现的体温高峰可以通过我们自制的体温遥测装置进行监测，并且依此可以正确地判断牛的排卵。 相似文献
2.
本文介绍了一种新型牛排卵监测装置和应用该装置进行牛排卵监测的结果。排卵监测装置是根据动物排卵时期可发生体温变化的原理设计的，应用遥测装置对家畜的体温进行连续、无损伤、精确地测量和记录，从而根据体温的变化确定牛排卵与否。试验表明，牛排卵期体温可比非排卵期体温升高０．２０－０．５０℃，可持续８－１０ｈ，经直肠检查和剖腹探查验证，注射甲基前列腺素后诱导的排卵和自然发情牛的排卵时间分别为出现体温高峰５－８ 相似文献
3.
氯前列烯醇控制受体黄牛同期发情试验 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
应用氯前列烯醇对１０３头次经直肠检查确认有功能黄体的健康、未孕成件母牛进行周期发情处理，发情反应率为９５．１，从注射到发情平均间隔时间为５０．５ｈ，在３８－６２ｈ范围内发情母牛为８８．３，对７４头母牛注射氯前列烯醇后排卵及黄体形成情况进行观察，结果７２头排卵，其中８头没有形成功能黄体，占发情母牛１１．０％，氯前列烯醇处理的受体黄牛移植成功率与自然发情受体牛没有差别。 相似文献
4.
牛人工授精后血清中孕酮浓度的变化与受胎效果 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
笔者通过对授精当天、７天后和２０～２２日后牛体血清中孕酮浓度的测定（酶免疫法）与分析，探讨了该法应用于牛的发情鉴定和早期妊娠诊断的可能性。在５２头供试牛中，有４７头（９０．４％）属正常发情（排卵性发情），有１头（１．９％）属假发情（不排卵性发情），另有４头（７．７％）未发情，６０天后妊检结果，有３６头（６９．２％）怀孕，这３６头牛均为正常发情者。输精后第７天血清中的孕酮浓度，妊娠牛（ｎ＝３６）与非妊娠牛群（ｎ＝１６）间无显著差异，但在第２０～２２天后的第二次发情预计日，妊娠牛的孕酮浓度［５．３±１．７（１．２－８．２）ｎｇ／ｍｌ］则显著高于非妊娠牛［１．３±１．２（０．４－５．５）ｎｇ／ｍｌ］。采用此时血清中孕酮浓度指标，判定有４０头牛妊娠，其早期妊娠诊断的准确率在妊娠牛为９０．０％（３６／４０），对非妊娠牛达１００％（１２／１２）。因而，本法在早期妊娠诊断上具有实用价值。 相似文献
5.
6.
黑白花奶牛体温变化与发情及排卵关系的研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
选择30头健康、发情正常的青年母牛,对情期中的体温变化规律作了初步的研究:牛体温不受牛舍内环境温度的影响而保持相对恒定,比较发情时与发情前2天及发情后2天的体温,发现牛体温在发情时升高0.53±0.29℃和0.48±0.29℃;结合直肠检查,摸索排卵时体温变化,发现排卵时体温突然下降0.22±0.13℃。本研究的意义在于可以将牛体温变化作为一种辅助手段,鉴定发情、推测排卵时间,为人工授精及其它工作提供参考。 相似文献
7.
采用放射免疫分析法测莲花县白鹅排卵周期外周血浆中ＬＨ、１７β－Ｅ２和Ｐ的动态变化，结果表明，正常产蛋母鹅在排卵周期中均出现三个峰值，ＬＨ峰值出现在排卵前１０ｈ左右，比１７β－Ｅ２和Ｐ峰值提前１６ｈ左右，而其它两次峰三者同步，血浆各激素的平均值分别是２．９２４±０．２３２ｎｇ／ｍｌ，２７．３３７±２４．３１８ｐｇ／ｍｌ和１６４．７４８±２３．９８１Ｐｇ／ｍｌ。但生软壳蛋母鹅在排卵前４ｈ左右见有一峰院，并以ＬＨ和１７β－Ｅ２明显，其血浆中三种激素的平均含量分别为３．２１５±０．６５７ｎｇ／ｍｌ，２７．３１２±２１．８５９ｐｇ／ｍｌ和２１１．６５７±１０４．３７５ｐｇ／ｍｌ，除１７β—Ｅ２外，均高于正常产蛋母鹅的水平，但差异并不明显。 相似文献
8.
泌乳曲线可用一般方程Ｙ＝Ａ１（ｔ）２（ｔ）来进行数学表述，方程中Ａ为一个正纯数，（ｔ）是单调增函数，１＝１为其渐近线，２是一个单调减函数，它具有单位起始值，２＝０为其渐近线。可供１．选择的函数有：１—ｂ。ｅ－ｂ１ｔ（Ｍｉｔｓｃｈｅｒｌｉｃｈ）、１／［１＋ｂ。／（ｂ１＋ｔ）］（Ｍｉｃｈａｅｌｉｓ－Ｍｅｎｔｅｒ）、１／［１＋ｂ０／（ｂ１＋ｔｂ２）］（一般动态饱和）、１／（１＋ｂ。ｅ－ｂｔ）（罗辑斯谛）、ｂ。ｅｘｐ［（—Ｉｎｂ。）（１—ｅ－ｂ１ｔ）］（Ｇｏｍｐｅｒｔｚ）和［１＋ｔａｎｈ（ｂ。＋ｂ１ｔ］／２（双曲正切）；可供２选用的函数有：ｅ－ｅｔ（指数）和１／（１＋ｃｔ）（倒直线）。于是可得到１２种模型，且Ｙ＝Ａｔｂｅ－ｅｔ（Ｗｏｏｄ模型）适合于２３头试验牛整个泌乳期内的数据。Ｍｉｔｓｃｈｅｒｌｉｃｈ×数式、Ｍｉｃｈａｅｌｉｓ－Ｍｅｎｔｅｎ×指数式、罗辑斯谛×指数式、罗辑斯谛×倒直线式及Ｗｏｏｄ模型都很适配。有了这些模型，达到产奶高峰的时间、最大产奶量、整个泌乳期的总产奶量以及在衰减期中点的相对衰减等的表达式都得到了。Ｍｉｔｓｃｈｅｒｌｉｃｈ×指数式模型一般比Ｗｏｏｄ模型适配得更好，与Ｗｏｏｄ模型不同的是，它对所? 相似文献
9.
黄干河 《江西畜牧兽医杂志》1999,(6):27-27
进贤县宜牧草山草坡，草洲面积共３４１８４．２ｈ，其中可利用面积２．６８万ｈ，可利用冬闲田３．３余万ｈ，而我县草食畜禽只有１２万头（羽），其中牛羊８万头。因此，草山草坡及冬闲田远未得到充分开发利用，为此县委，县政府在县畜牧等有关部门调查研究的基础上，联合向全县下发了［１９９９］１４号文件《关于发展草食动物和肉牛改良工作的意见》。１ 目标任务今明２年内，开发利用现有的自然草源０．３３万ｈ以上，人工种草０．０２ｈ，全县耕牛冷配５０００头，每个乡镇至少兴办１～２个种草养畜专业场（户）。在此基础… 相似文献
10.
本研究探讨了ＬＲＨ－Ａ３诱导初情期前北京黑猪发情排卵的效果及其内分泌机理。对６头１５０日龄母猪肌注ＬＲＨ－Ａ３，７５μｇ／头。在注射后０，１，２，３和４ｈ及注射后１，２，３和４ｄ采血测定ＬＨ、ＦＳＨ、Ｅ２和Ｐ４浓度。注射后１０ｄ取卵巢，根据卵巢上黄体数计算排卵率。结果表明：注射ＬＲＨ－Ａ３后，出现排卵和卵巢囊肿的母猪分别为４头（６６．７％）和２头（３３．７％）。４头排卵母猪中的３头和２头卵巢囊肿母猪中的１头有发情表现。排卵的母猪，分别在注射后１ｈ和３ｈ出现ＬＨ和ＦＳＨ峰；注射后２ｄＥ２浓度最高，３ｄ和４ｄＰ４浓度上升。发生卵巢囊肿的母猪，注射后１ｈ出现明显低于排卵母猪的ＬＨ峰，而ＦＳＨ浓度没有上升，Ｅ２和Ｐ４在３ｄ和４ｄ都增加。通过试验认为，初情期前母猪的卵巢对ＬＲＨ－Ａ３至少有两种反应，即排卵或卵巢囊肿。 相似文献
11.
试验选用96头平均体重14.82 kg左右的杜×长×大断奶仔猪,随机分成4组,每组3栏,每栏8头(公母各半)。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1、2、3组分别添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖和1%微米白术。试验期30 d。结果表明:在生长性能方面,与对照组相比,1%微米白术添加组可显著提高日增重(P0.05)、降低饲料增重比和腹泻率,而且效果优于1%80目白术组和0.2%白术多糖组,在肠道形态和肠道微生态区系方面,与对照组相比,日粮添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖、1%微米白术均可不同程度的提高十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度,加深十二指肠和空肠的隐窝深度,并且增加肠道微生态区系的多样性,其中以1%微米白术添加组的效果最佳。 相似文献
12.
Sissay, M.M., Uggla, A. and Waller, P.J., XXXX. Prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections
of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, XXXX. A 2-year abattoir survey was carried out to determine the prevalence, abundance and seasonal incidence of gastro-intestinal
(GI) nematodes and trematodes (flukes) of sheep and goats in the semi-arid zone of eastern Ethiopia. During May 2003 to April
2005, viscera including liver, lungs and GI tracts were collected from 655 sheep and 632 goats slaughtered at 4 abattoirs
located in the towns of Haramaya, Harar, Dire Dawa and Jijiga in eastern Ethiopia. All animals were raised in the farming
areas located within the community boundaries for each town. Collected materials were transported within 24 h to the parasitology
laboratory of Haramaya University for immediate processing. Thirteen species belonging to 9 genera of GI nematodes (Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, T. vitrinus, Nematodirus filicollis, N. spathiger, Oesophagostomum
columbianum, O. venulosum, Strongyloides papillosus, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Trichuris ovis, Cooperia curticei and Chabertia ovina), and 4 species belonging to 3 genera of trematodes (Fasciola hepatica, F. gigantica, Paramphistomum {Calicohoron} microbothrium and Dicrocoelium dendriticum) were recorded in both sheep and goats. All animals in this investigation were infected with multiple species to varying
degrees. The mean burdens of adult nematodes were generally moderate in both sheep and goats and showed patterns of seasonal
abundance that corresponded with the bi-modal annual rainfall pattern, with highest burdens around the middle of the rainy
season. In both sheep and goats there were significant differences in the mean worm burdens and abundance of the different
nematode species between the four geographic locations, with worm burdens in the Haramaya and Harar areas greater than those
observed in the Dire Dawa and Jijiga locations. Similar seasonal variations were also observed in the prevalence of flukes.
But there were no significant differences in the prevalence of each fluke species between the four locations. Overall, the
results showed that Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus, Oesophagostomum, Fasciola and Paramphistomum species were the most abundant helminth parasites of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. 相似文献
13.
Tropical Animal Health and Production - 相似文献
14.
Rassnick KM Gieger TL Williams LE Ruslander DM Northrup NC Kristal O Myers NC Moore AS 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2001,15(3):196-199
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks. 相似文献
15.
H Hayashi T Yoshimura J Y Chen 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》1985,8(2):73-87
Our particular attention in this article was given to natural mediators for macrophages isolated from the sites of tissue injury. A number of chemotactic factors, which may satisfy many criteria making them acceptable as inflammatory leucocyte chemotactic factors, has been separated. Among them, our laboratory has isolated three macrophage (monocyte) chemotactic factors (MCF-a, -b and -c). Their purification, characterization and functional specificity are discussed. 相似文献
16.
Davis MS Willard MD Nelson SL Mandsager RE McKiernan BS Mansell JK Lehenbauer TW 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(3):311-314
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large. 相似文献
17.
B. Cinar Kul N. Bilgen J.A. Lenstra O. Korkmaz Agaoglu B. Akyuz O. Ertugrul 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2015,132(6):449-453
Genetic variations in chromosome Y are enabling researchers to identify paternal lineages, which are informative for introgressions and migrations. In this study, the male‐specific region markers, sex‐determining region‐Y (SRY), amelogenin (AMELY) and zinc finger (ZFY) were analysed in seven Turkish native goat breeds, Angora, Kilis, Hair, Honaml?, Norduz, Gürcü and Abaza. A SNP in the ZFY gene defined a new haplotype Y2C. All domestic haplogroups originate from Capra aegagrus, while the finding of Y1A, Y1B, Y2A and Y2C in 32, 4, 126 and 2 Turkish domestic goats, respectively, appears to indicate a predomestic origin of the major haplotypes. The occurrence of four haplotypes in the Hair goat and, in contrast, a frequency of 96% of Y1A in the Kilis breed illustrate that Y‐chromosomal variants have a more breed‐dependent distribution than mitochondrial or autosomal DNA. This probably reflects male founder effects, but a role in adaptation cannot be excluded. 相似文献
18.
Furosemide continuous rate infusion in the horse: evaluation of enhanced efficacy and reduced side effects 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Johansson AM Gardner SY Levine JF Papich MG LaFevers DH Fuquay LR Reagan VH Atkins CE 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(6):887-895
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses. 相似文献
19.
Ling GV Thurmond MC Choi YK Franti CE Ruby AL Johnson DL 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(6):817-823
The objective of this report was to characterize 20-year changes in proportion of calcium oxalate (CaOx) calculi and struvite calculi in dogs, and associations with breed, age, and sex. In this retrospective study, results of analysis of urinary calculi from dogs were reviewed for specimens received between July 1, 1981, and December 31, 2001. Breed, sex, age, year of submission of the specimen, and mineral type(s) were analyzed statistically. CaOx or Struvite or both were contained in 18,966 of 20,884 (91%) specimens. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant increase was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained CaOx. The increase in this proportion was greater in females (1% to 31%) than in males (18% to 82%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions may have plateaued, the odds of specimens containing CaOx were markedly higher in 18 breeds, markedly lower in 5 breeds, and not significantly different in 13 breeds compared with crossbreds. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant decrease was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained struvite. This decrease in proportion was greater for males (79-16%) than for females (97-68%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions plateaued, the odds of calculi containing struvite were markedly lower in 20 breeds, markedly higher in 1 breed, and not significantly different in 15 breeds when compared with crossbreds. Breed, age, and sex were associated statistically with CaOx or struvite urolithiasis. In conclusion, there appears to have been a long-term increase in the proportion of specimens of canine urinary calculi that contain CaOx as well as a long-term decrease in the proportion of specimens of calculi that contain struvite for both male and female dogs. The rate of change appeared to begin leveling off in the period 1998 to 2001. The recent proportion of dogs with either CaOx- or struvite-associated urolithiasis may depend on breed, age, and sex, and on interactions among these 3 factors. 相似文献
20.
<正>1.INTRODUCTION Ensuring transportation network security is one Of the most daunting challenges confronting homeland security agencies today.Significant research has been dedicated.To model and analyze the vulnerability of transportation systems,while notably fewer studies propose specific strategies for deploying defensive technologies to safeguard these systems. 相似文献