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5%抑太保乳油防治豆荚螟试验 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
５％抑在保乳油１５００倍加４５４杀虫菌５００倍混液防治平荚螟,２次喷药,间隔４ｄ第二次药后４ｄ和７ｄ的虫情指数防效分别为８１．６３％和７４．５１％,显著优于４０％增效敌百虫乳油８００倍液防效,与抑太保单剂１５００倍液防治差异不显著。 相似文献
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《中国植保导刊》2019,(10)
为调查灭幼脲防治铁棍山药上的甜菜夜蛾的效果,以大田常规用药30%氟铃·茚虫威悬浮剂为对照药剂,设置25%灭幼脲悬浮剂3个用量20、25、30 mL/667m~2处理,开展田间施药防治甜菜夜蛾试验。比较各处理防治效果,发现25%灭幼脲悬浮剂25 mL/667m~2在用药后7 d、14 d和21 d对甜菜夜蛾的防效均较高,持效性优于30%氟铃·茚虫威悬浮剂10 mL/667m~2处理。25%灭幼脲悬浮剂25 mL/667m~2处理区产量较高,与25%灭幼脲悬浮剂30 mL/667m~2、30%氟铃·茚虫威悬浮剂10 mL/667m~2处理区产量无显著差异,显著高于25%灭幼脲悬浮剂20 mL/667m~2处理和清水对照。观察表明,25%灭幼脲悬浮剂在铁棍山药生长期使用安全、无药害。 相似文献
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在杏园蛀果害虫发生期,通过室内饲养和田间诱捕研究了新疆南部地区杏园蛀果害虫发生的种类,结果表明,新疆南部地区杏园蛀果害虫共有4种,分别是李小食心虫Grapholitha funebrana Treitschke、梨小食心虫Grapholitha molesta(Busck)、苹果蠹蛾Cydia pomonella(L.)和桃条麦蛾Anarsia lineatella Zeller,其种群数量分占87.41%、3.81%、2.51%和6.27%;李小食心虫种群数量显著大于梨小食心虫、苹果蠹蛾和桃条麦蛾,为主要种类;梨小食心虫、苹果蠹蛾和桃条麦蛾为次要种类。室内药剂筛选试验结果表明,5%顺式氯氰菊酯乳油、1.2%烟碱·苦参碱乳油(烟碱0.7%,苦参碱0.5%)和5%杀铃脲悬浮剂药后1 d的防治效果差异显著,分别为95.02%、78.09%和20.15%;药后5 d,5%顺式氯氰菊酯乳油和1.2%烟碱·苦参碱乳油防治效果分别为89.71%和80.30%,无显著差异。综上,新疆南部地区杏园优势蛀果害虫为李小食心虫,5%顺式氯氰菊酯乳油和1.2%烟碱·苦参碱乳油可作为防控用药。 相似文献
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韭蛆的发生规律与生物药剂防治 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
2007年用5种生物药剂对韭菜韭蛆进行了田间药效试验.结果表明,施药7 d、14 d、21 d后.每hm2用根蛆净4.5L,苦参碱45 kg,阿维菌素0.750 L,对韭蛆有较好的防治效果,21 d最终防效分别为92.49%、90.27%和85.65%,其中以根蛆净、苦参碱防效最好;灭幼脲每hm2用药3.75 L的防效为70.14%,苏云金杆菌每hm2用药7.5 L的防效为45.05%,效果较差.这5种药剂对韭菜的生长均无不良影响,可在无公害韭菜生产中选择应用. 相似文献
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绿柳突瓣叶蜂(Nematus ruyanus Wei)是发生在甘肃天水柳树上的一种新害虫。严重危害旱柳、垂柳、金丝柳等多种柳树,1年发生6代,非越冬茧结于叶背,越冬茧结于1-5 cm表土中,以预蛹在越冬茧内越冬。幼虫食叶危害,每年3月下旬至10月下旬是该虫的猖獗危害期。用25%灭幼脲,1.8%阿维菌素乳油,40%氧乐果乳油2000倍液防治3龄前幼虫防效达95%以上;用2.5%溴氰菊酯乳油,3%高渗苯氧威乳油4000倍液喷冠防治3龄后大幼虫防效可达90%以上。 相似文献
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保丰“Bt—IV”复合生物杀虫剂(Bo-cillus thuvingiensis—Insect virus),是广西生物制品厂与武汉大学病毒所生物工程技术研究中心合作生产的无公害生物农药.它对蔬菜害虫,尤其是菜青虫和小菜蛾,具有良好的防效.1992年,在广西梧州市郊区长洲乡分湾村,我们进行了防治菜青虫和小菜蛾的药效试验.结果如下.1 试验材料与方法1.1供试药剂:保丰“Bt—IV”复合生物杀虫剂(广西生物制品厂).是一种不分层、无沉淀的黄褐色乳油.其有效成份是 相似文献
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为分析沙葱萤叶甲发生趋势,筛选出具有较好防治效果的药剂,对沙葱萤叶甲在内蒙古草原的为害进行了监测,并以幼虫为试虫,采用大型喷雾机械对3种常用植物源农药进行了防效试验。结果表明,0.3%印楝素乳油、1.3%苦参碱水剂及1.2%烟碱·苦参碱乳油在制剂用量30mL/667m2条件下,药后3、5d及10d对沙葱萤叶甲的防治效果为85.5%~100.0%,与4.5%高效氯氰菊酯水乳剂相比差异不显著(P0.05)。沙葱萤叶甲在内蒙古的为害呈加重趋势,在甘肃、宁夏、新疆等地发生可能性大,应加强实时监测。印楝素、苦参碱和烟碱·苦参碱对沙葱萤叶甲防治效果好,在草原沙葱萤叶甲绿色防控上具有很高的推广价值。 相似文献
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褐飞虱及白背飞虱空中迁飞规律的研究 总被引：32，自引：2，他引：30
为了研究褐飞虱、白背飞虱的迁飞规律,作者于1977～1979年夏季和秋季,在华中地区,用运五型飞机,携带自行设计的活动型捕虫装置,进行空中捕捉褐飞虱、白背飞虱的试验。三年间共飞行91小时58分,计13000公里,共捕获褐飞虱、白背飞虱1915头,占捕虫总数的53.71%。试验结果证实了这两虫具有明显的季节性的中、长距离的迁飞特性,并探明了其空中迁飞的垂直高度、水平分布、虫口密度和迁飞种群的型式、姿态、生理状况、回迁动态以及迁飞起飞与气象条件的关系。 相似文献
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The redistribution of insects that are released from an airplane is described using a diffusion equation to derive optimal spacing of flight lines and time interval between flights to achieve a reasonably uniform spatial distribution of released insects and to minimize costs. This optimization is done based on relative costs of sterile males and of flying time. An example is presented using data on the Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Weidmann), from the Moscamed program in Guatemala. For the parameter values used, the cost (sterile males plus flights) is minimized when insects are released at intervals of approximately every 2 days (for daily mortality μ = 0.24) to 10 days (for μ = 0.04) and flights are spaced at 300 m (for μ = 0.24) to 600 m (for μ = 0.04) apart, depending on daily medfly mortality estimates, which vary widely in the literature. A simpler approximate method of optimization is then presented based on a relationship observed in the optimization results between flight-line separations and the standard deviation of the distribution. 相似文献
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14C-Methylene labelled phorate was added to nutrient solutions supplying the roots of young broad bean plants and after 24 h absorption, fresh nutrient was substituted. The radiolabel accumulated at the leaf margins was initially associated with solvent-soluble toxic metabolites. Radiolabel extracted from foliage which developed after the treatment was mainly in water-soluble form. The maximum concentration of toxic material occurred in the marginal areas of the leaves after 5 or 6 days and in the central portions after 2 days. The concentrations declined to half of their peak values in 4–6 days from leaf-margin tissue and in 2 days from the central tissues. Water-soluble label did not accumulate to any significant extent. Most was found in the marginal areas but concentrations built up slowly reaching a maximum after about 2 weeks, declining slowly thereafter. 相似文献
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The predaceous stinkbug Podisus nigrispinus (Dallas) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) feeds on plants as well as on arthropod prey. The question arises whether feeding on plants might expose the predator to systemic insecticide via ingestion of the active ingredient or its metabolites through plant sap of treated plants. This interaction was investigated with nectaried and nectariless cotton plants cropped in pots and treated with the systemic insecticide thiamethoxam at 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 mg per plant as a root drench. Development of P. nigrispinus fed on prey and on treated nectaried and nectariless cotton plants and confined at 15, 30 and 45 days after insecticide application, and adult reproduction from nymphs caged 30 days after treatment were determined. Podisus nigrispinus life history traits were unaffected by the type of cotton plant, nectaried or nectariless, but were significantly affected by insecticide dose and time after application. Developmental time was extended and fresh adult body weight was reduced by feeding on prey and treated plants. Nymphs caged on treated plants with the highest thiamethoxam concentration at 15 days after application produced only 13.2% of adults. Females emerged from nymphs caged on both plants and at all thiamethoxam concentrations at day 30 after application presented similar reproductive characteristics, except for age of first oviposition, which was delayed on plants treated with the highest thiamethoxam concentration. Thiamethoxam at 0.5 mg per plant restrained tobacco whitefly, Bemisia tabaci Gennadius (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) colonization only during the first 15 days after application to either cotton plant, and similar immature densities were sampled at day 35 after application on treated and untreated plants. However, plants treated with 1.0 and 2.0 mg per plant as a drench and cropped in pots were protected from tobacco whitefly for up to 45 days after exposure to a whitefly colony. 相似文献
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采用间歇淋洗好气培养法测定了黄土区旱地不同土壤及施氮量下夏季休闲前后土壤氮素矿化累积量,分析了旱地夏休闲期间土壤氮素矿化特性的变化。结果表明:与休闲前相比,休闲后土壤氮素矿化累积量显著降低,长武及杨凌试点土壤分别降低了29.52%及7.15%;长期不施氮肥处理休闲后土壤累积矿化氮量显著降低,而长期施用氮肥处理休闲前后土壤累积矿化氮量间的差异未达显著水平。相关分析表明,休闲前土壤氮素矿化累积量与土壤有机质、全氮含量间有显著正相关关系。采用双组分一级动力学方程拟合的土壤易矿化氮矿化势休闲前后长武及杨凌试点土壤分别降低了85%及66%,可见夏季休闲显著促进了旱地土壤易矿化氮的矿化。 相似文献
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ABSTRACT Whiteflies (Bemisia tabaci, biotype B) were able to transmit Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) 8 h after they were caged with infected tomato plants. The spread of TYLCV during this latent period was followed in organs thought to be involved in the translocation of the virus in B. tabaci. After increasing acquisition access periods (AAPs) on infected tomato plants, the stylets, the head, the midgut, a hemolymph sample, and the salivary glands dissected from individual insects were subjected to polymerase chain reaction (PCR) without any treatment; the presence of TYLCV was assessed with virus-specific primers. TYLCV DNA was first detected in the head of B. tabaci after a 10-min AAP. The virus was present in the midgut after 40 min and was first detected in the hemolymph after 90 min. TYLCV was found in the salivary glands 5.5 h after it was first detected in the hemolymph. Subjecting the insect organs to immunocapture-PCR showed that the virus capsid protein was in the insect organs at the same time as the virus genome, suggesting that at least some TYLCV translocates as virions. Although females are more efficient as vectors than males, TYLCV was detected in the salivary glands of males and of females after approximately the same AAP. 相似文献
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ABSTRACT A polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based method for the detection of the curtovirus Beet mild curly top virus (BMCTV, previously named the Worland strain of Beet curly top virus) was developed and used to investigate the BMCTV-beet leafhopper interaction. Using PCR and a BMCTV-specific primer pair, an approximately 1.1-kb BMCTV DNA fragment was amplified from adult leafhoppers and from the organs involved in circulative transmission: the digestive tract, hemolymph, and salivary glands. The temporal distribution of BMCTV in the leafhopper was determined using insects given acquisition access periods (AAPs) ranging from 1 to 48 h on BMCTV-infected shepherd's purse plants. BMCTV was detected in the digestive tract after all AAPs, in the hemolymph after AAPs of 3 h or greater, and in the salivary glands after AAPs of 4 h or greater. The amount of virus detected in the hemolymph and salivary glands increased with AAP length. The virus persisted for up to 30 days in leafhoppers (given a 3-day AAP on BMCTV-infected plants) maintained on corn plants, a nonhost for BMCTV, but transovarial transmission was not detected. These results are consistent with a persistent but nonpropagative mode of circulative transmission. 相似文献
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以1.8%阿维菌素乳油为代表品种,开展了阿维菌素对苹果树绣线菊蚜Aphis citricola田间防治效果试验。结果表明,1.8%阿维菌素乳油1000~3000倍液药后2d、7d、14d对绣线菊蚜的防治效果为64.9%~87.6%。此外,研究了阿维菌素乳油对果园捕食性天敌幼虫种群的影响。田间调查结果表明,施药14d后药剂处理区食蚜蝇Chrysopa septempunctata种群难以恢复,七星瓢虫Epistrophc baltcata种群恢复至喷药前的65%以上,大草蛉Coccinella septempunctate种群基本恢复正常;室内实验结果与田间基本相同,对食蚜蝇影响最大,大草蛉影响最小。但枝条喷药后,在太阳光下放置4h后接虫,则天敌幼虫的死亡率均有明显下降。 相似文献
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D. M. Richardson 《EPPO Bulletin》2008,38(1):73-74
In 2003, the first report of poor control of pollen beetle Meligethes aeneus at a site in South East England in the UK was investigated but resistance to pyrethroid insecticides was not confirmed in subsequent laboratory testing. Bioassays of 26 UK samples of M. aeneus collected in 2004 with the pyrethroid lambda-cyhalothrin showed little or no divergence from the response expected of a fully susceptible strain. In 2006 samples of pollen beetle from the UK were sent to Germany, and again these were shown to be fully susceptible. In 2007 using test kits supplied by Udo Heimbach, BBA, 19 samples of pollen beetle were tested, again from across the UK. Results indicated that a small number of individuals were fully resistant, surviving the highest dose of lambda-cyhalothrin tested (0.375 microg/L) after 5-h exposure at 4 sites, and after 24-h exposure at 2 of these sites. 相似文献
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Fifty strains of Sarocladium (11 dried specimens and 39 living cultures) were examined for variation in conidial size, utilization of several carbon sources, hydrolysis of several substrates, esterase isozymes after gel electrophoresis, and secondary metabolites after thin-layer chromatography. The results showed that there was insufficient justification to maintain the separation of the genus into the two species S. oryzae and S. attenuatum; S. attenuatum is, therefore, considered a synonym of S. oryzae. Strains isolated from outbreaks of bamboo blight in Bangladesh could be distinguished from strains isolated from rice in 12 countries by pigment production in culture; a strain isolated from bamboo leaf-litter in India was identical to the rice isolates in this respect. 相似文献