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PCR方法鉴别肉骨粉中的动物成份种类 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为防范疯牛病传入我国，有必要鉴别肉骨粉中动物成份的种类。针对牛、羊、猪和鸡四种动物的特异性核苷酸序列，分别选用和设计了四对特异性引物，用试剂盒提取四种动物的肉骨粉或者处理过的肉组织中的DNA，然后进行PCR扩增，所扩增的目的片断大小分别为271bp、199bp、196bp、148bp，运用PCR技术建立了鉴定这四种动物源性成分的方法。结果分别扩增出四种动物的特异性条带，证明该PCR方法具有很高的特异性和敏感性，而且成本低廉，简便易行，因此可以作为鉴别肉骨粉种类的常规方法。 相似文献
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为实现小反刍兽疫病毒与产气荚膜梭菌的鉴别诊断,采用改良RNA/DNA提取试剂提取动物组织中的细菌DNA和病毒RNA,基于2014年流行的小反刍兽疫病毒N蛋白基因和产气荚膜梭菌α毒素编码基因序列分别设计合成特异性引物,建立双重PCR方法,优化反应条件,并分析方法的灵敏度与特异性。结果表明,所建立的双重PCR检测方法可以同步检测PPRV和产气荚膜梭菌,分别扩增出406bp和272bp大小特异性条带,方法特异性好,检测灵敏度能够分别达到0.001TCID50/mL和10个CFU/mL。 相似文献
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PCR-RFLP方法在蛔虫种间鉴别上的应用 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
研究应用PCR－RFLP方法初步鉴别了4种不同蛔虫。从猪蛔虫、人蛔虫、犬弓首蛔虫及鸡蛔虫中分别提取基因组DNA，通过PCR扩增得到长度分别约为450bp、450bp、530bp、550bp的PCR产物。经与国外报道相比较，确认完整扩增出4种蛔虫的第二内部转录间隔区（ITS－2）片段。PCR产物经限制性内切酶HaeⅢ和Hinf I酶切鉴定，通过产生的特异性片段首先可以区分犬弓首蛔虫与鸡蛔虫。通过对4种蛔虫的基因组DNA进行扩增，得到长度分别约为980bp、980bp、1050bp、1070bp的PCR产物。经与国外报道相比较，确认完整扩增出4种蛔虫的ITS－1、ITS－2及5.8S核糖休DNA。PCR产物经限制性内切酶HaeⅢ酶切鉴定，通过产生的特异性片段可以区分出猪蛔虫与人蛔虫。通过PCR－RFLP分析，初步推测猪蛔虫与人蛔虫仍为两个独立虫种，但尚需进一步研究确认。 相似文献
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为建立简单快捷的内、外源性禽白血病病毒(ALV)的鉴别检测方法,本研究根据外源性ALVA亚群标准株RAV-1的p27、env基因以及内源性ALVE亚群标准株ev1的env基因的保守序列,设计3对特异性引物,可分别对ALV、外源性ALV(A、B亚群)和内源性ALV(E、J亚群)进行扩增,扩增产物分别为793bp、387bp和234bp,通过对各反应条件的优化建立了同时检测并鉴别内、外源性ALV的多重PCR方法。该方法特异性良好、灵敏度可达到2×103copies,利用该方法和ELISA对5份现地病鸡组织样品和10枚疑似感染内源性ALV的鸡胚进行检测,结果表明:4份病鸡样品均扩增出3条特异性片段;而9枚鸡胚仅扩增出793bp和234bp的特异性片段,2种检测方法的符合率为100%。该方法为内、外源性ALV的临床鉴别诊断奠定了基础。 相似文献
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为建立一种猪瘟病毒和猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒的快速、鉴别诊断方法,根据GenBank中已发表的2种病毒的基因组序列,选择病毒的保守基因各设计了一对特异性检测引物,建立了可以同时鉴别检测猪瘟病毒和猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒的双重RT-PCR方法.该方法能从猪瘟病毒和猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒分别扩增出310 bp和161 bp的特异性片段,对2种病毒混合基因组同时扩增出310 bp和161 bp的特异性片段;该方法对猪乙型脑炎病毒、猪流行性腹泻病毒、猪传染性胃肠炎病毒、猪细小病毒、猪圆环病毒2型、猪伪狂犬病毒的扩增结果均为阴性;该方法最低可以检出0.2 pg病毒RNA含量.本研究建立的RT-PCR方法具有良好的敏感性、特异性、重复性,在一个PCR反应体系中就可以准确、快速鉴别检测出猪瘟病毒和猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒,可以用于临床病料的快速检测. 相似文献
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多重PCR方法鉴别牛、羊、猪种布鲁氏菌株 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2
用eri作为布鲁氏菌属特异性基因,以IS711基因拷贝数差异作为布鲁氏菌种间特异性标志,建立了鉴别牛、羊、猪种布鲁氏菌株的多重PCR方法。结果:牛种布鲁氏菌2308株扩增出大小为494 bp和178 bp的两条带,羊种布鲁氏菌M28株扩增出大小为733 bp和178 bp的两条带,猪种布鲁氏菌S1330株扩增出大小为285 bp和178 bp的两条带,均与预期吻合;而胸膜肺炎放线杆菌、多杀性巴氏杆菌、流产沙门菌、都柏林沙门菌、大肠杆菌均未扩增出任何条带。硫化氢和血清学试验结果也符合相应种布鲁氏菌的特点。结果表明,本研究的多重PCR方法可用于牛、羊、猪种布鲁氏菌株的快速鉴定。 相似文献
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4种动物虫媒病病毒多重RT-PCR检测方法的建立 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
分别设计和合成4对特异性引物,通过对反应条件的优化,初步建立了鉴别蓝舌病病毒(BTV)、鹿流行性出血病病毒(EHDV)、水疱性口炎病毒(VSV)和赤羽病病毒(AKV)的多重RT-PCR检测方法,并对其特异性和敏感性进行了检测。结果表明,所设计的4对引物可对同一样品中的VSV、BTV、EHDV和AKV进行特异性扩增,所扩增的目的片段的长度分别为301、351、537、250bp。建立的四重RT-PCR检测方法能够检测出10-7稀释的细胞培养病毒液,4种病毒之间没有发生交叉反应,说明该检测方法特异性强,敏感性较高。所建立的多重RT-PCR方法可用于上述4种动物虫媒病病毒的快速鉴别诊断,在动物检疫、临床诊断和流行病学调查方面具有较好的应用前景。 相似文献
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多重聚合酶链反应快速检测鉴别鸡毒支原体强毒株和弱毒疫苗株的研究 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
根据鸡毒支原体强毒株和弱毒疫苗株基因组的结构特点，设计合成了二对引物XZ1，XZ2和XZ45、XZ46，建立了一种同时检测鉴别MG野毒株和弱毒疫苗株的多重PCR技术。试验结果表明，用这两对引物对MG强毒株和弱毒疫苗侏进行多重PCR，强毒株只扩增出732bp一条带，而弱毒疫苗株则可同时扩增出732bp、524bp二条带，而对其他种类鸡支原体和其它禽病病原的扩增不出现任何条带，结果均为阴性；敏感性测定结果表明，该多重PCR最低能检出1Pg的MG强毒株和弱毒疫苗株的DNA模板。 相似文献
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Real-time PCR和常规PCR方法快速鉴定肉骨粉中的牛源性成份 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
疯牛病是一种严重危害动物和人类健康的疾病,其病原朊病毒可以通过食物链进行传播,因此建立准确的检测牛源性成份的方法非常重要.我们采用常规PCR和Real-time PCR中的TaqMan技术建立了快速鉴定牛源性成份的方法,使用Chelex-100提取肉骨粉中的DNA,过程简单可靠仅需要20min左右.对不同含量的牛肉骨粉进行检测,常规PCR能够检测到的最低含量是0.001%,而Real-time PCR对相同的样品进行检测所得到的灵敏度更高,最高可达到0.0001%,两种PCR方法的鉴定过程都非常简单快速,各需要2 h左右.这两种方法可以根据各实验室的不同条件作为肉骨粉鉴别的常规检测方法. 相似文献
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Rajapaksha WR Thilakaratne ID Chandrasiri AD Niroshan TD 《Journal of veterinary medicine. B, Infectious diseases and veterinary public health》2002,49(7):322-324
A polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay was developed to differentiate meat of Ceylon spotted deer (Axis axis ceylonensis), Ceylon hog deer (A. porcius oryzus), Ceylon sambhur (Cervus unicolor unicolor) and barking deer (Muntiacus muntijak malabaricus) from meat of cattle, goat, buffalo, pig, dog and sheep. A set of primers was designed according to the sequence of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene of C. elaphus canadensis and by PCR amplification about 450 bp band was observed for all four animal species and these primers were not cross reacted with DNA of other animal species tested in the study under the tested reaction conditions. A band of 649 bp size was observed for all animal species when DNA was amplified with the universal primers and that indicated the presence of mitochondrial DNA in the samples. Further, the results indicated that this technique was sensitive enough to differentiate rotten meat, at least 5 days after the killing of an animal. Under these PCR conditions, the DNA of bacteria, which is involved in decomposition of meat, was not amplified with both universal and specific primers. However, the method was not sensitive enough in differentiating cooked meat of these species. Slaughtering of these four wild animal species is banned, but the animals are being killed illegally. Lack of meat identification methods has been identified as one of the major constraints to implement legal procedures and conserve biodiversity in the country. 相似文献
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Several phenotypic as well as genotypic methods have been published describing the detection of central nervous system (CNS) tissues that are part of the bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) risk material in food products. However, none of these methods is able to differentiate between CNS tissue of the banned ruminant species and tissues of other animal species. A quantitative and species-specific real-time RT-PCR method has been developed that enables the reliable identification of CNS tissues in meat and meat products. This method is based on a messenger (m)RNA assay that uses bovine, ovine and caprine glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) encoding gene sequences as markers. The in-house validation studies evaluated the tissue specificity of up to 15 bovine tissues and the standardization of absolute as well as relative quantitative measurement. The specific amplification of spinal cord and brain tissue GFAP cDNA has been shown previously. In addition, two commercially available ELISA kits were used for the comparative analysis of artificially contaminated minced meat. Small quantities of bovine brain that had been stored over the recommended period of 14 days were examined. The real-time PCR method proved to be suitable for the detection of 0.1% CNS tissue. No false negative results were observed. The quantitative detection of GFAP mRNA using real-time RT-PCR seems a suitable tool in routine diagnostic testing that assesses the illegal use of CNS tissue in meat and meat products. The stability of the selected target region of the GFAP mRNA also allows the detection of CNS tissues after the meat has been processed. 相似文献
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Tanaka A Hoshinoo K Hoshino T Tagawa Y 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2005,67(3):255-262
Nucleotide sequences of 16S rDNA and rpoB gene of 25 bovine and 6 ovine Histophilus somni strains were determined to detect subtle differences between the host animal species. The 1465 nucleotide residues of the 16S rDNA exhibited levels of sequence similarities of 99.4% or more. The high sequence similarity of the 16S rDNA of recently described species H. somni was confirmed in the 31 strains from cattle and sheep. These results suggested that the intra-specific diversity of 16S rDNA was limited in bovine and ovine strains of H. somni. The specific association of strains was also observed in the 311 bp region of rpoB gene which sequence similarities were 98.6% or more. However, the phylogenetic tree analysis of the rpoB gene showed that the ovine strains appeared to form a subgroup recovered in 70% of the bootstrap trees. In the 311 bp region of the ovine strains, a HincII restriction endonuclease site was detected. The PCR-amplified rpoB DNA of 46 bovine and 20 ovine H. somni strains were examined for the digestion with HincII. As the results, 17 strains of ovine strains were cleaved by the enzyme but none of the bovine strains appeared to possess the restriction site. The restriction enzyme analysis of rpoB gene may be useful to differentiate ovine strains from bovine strains of H. somni. 相似文献
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The chemical nature and variations in serum concentrations of growth hormone binding protein (GHBP) from humans, rabbits, and rodents have been reported. To date little is known about the GHBP of domestic animals. Therefore, we initiated these studies to determine whether a serum GHBP was present in domestic animals and to purify the binding protein (BP) from serum of selected species. Using a dextran-coated charcoal separation assay, specific growth hormone (GH) binding was demonstrated in ovine, bovine, chicken, human, goose, porcine, and equine serum (listed in sequence from lowest to highest binding). Variation in BP activity was relatively high, both within and between species. Yearling ewes had higher serum GHBP than either prepubertal (4 mo) or older (5 yr) ewes. The GHBP was partially purified from chicken, ovine, and porcine serum using GH affinity chromatography. These BP had high affinity (Ka = 2 x 10(8) to 2 x 10(9) L/mol, depending on species) and low capacity (2 x 10(-10) to 5 x 10(-11) mol/unit of protein) for human GH but showed lower binding affinity for homologous GH (Ka = 2 x 10(7) L/mol). The porcine GHBP had the highest and ovine GHBP the lowest affinity for human GH. Other heterologous somatotropic hormones, ovine placental lactogen, and ovine GH displayed higher binding affinity to chicken and pig BP than the respective homologous hormones. Further chromatographic purification of the porcine GHBP resulted in an additional 1,000-fold purification. The estimated molecular weight of porcine GHBP is 50,000 to 60,000 Da. These results demonstrate that the serum from all domestic species tested contains a specific GH-binding moiety and that under the conditions described here human GH is a more efficient ligand than the homologous hormone. 相似文献
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根据牛特异性线粒体DNA片段,设计合成1对引物,以生、熟牛肉为材料,建立了肉制品中牛源性成分的PCR检测方法,并用该法对市售的67份牛肉制品进行检测。结果显示,所检牛源性成分在271 bp处出现预期的条带,扩增片段经Sau3AⅠ酶切分析确认,获得的214和57 bp片段与预期一致;运用该引物均可扩增出水牛肉、牦牛肉、奶牛肉、黄牛肉单一的相同大小的DNA条带,而对羊、马、狗、驴、兔和鸭等14种动物肉的DNA扩增则呈阴性,其检测灵敏度达到53.2 fg/μL DNA;利用该法对67份牛肉制品进行检测,检出率为100％。结果表明,该法快速简便,且具有较高的特异性和敏感性,可用于市售牛肉制品中牛源性成分的鉴定。 相似文献
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在提取黄牛肉、牦牛肉和水牛肉总DNA的基础上,设计通用引物进行PCR扩增,电泳回收PCR产物后双向测序,再通过构建系统进化树鉴别牛肉的物种来源。PCR扩增获得的牦牛、水牛12S rDNA基因片段大小都为440 bp,黄牛12S rDNA基因片段大小都为439 bp。参照引用的不同牛种12S rDNA基因序列,构建的系统进化树能够清晰地鉴别测序样品的牛种来源。因此,结合运用PCR扩增和DNA测序技术是一种精确可靠的方法,能够有效地运用于牛肉的种源鉴别。 相似文献