共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 78 毫秒
1.
《中国畜牧杂志》2016,(3)
本实验旨在研究猪孤雌激活4-细胞胚胎的冷冻保存效果。胚胎采用Cryotop法进行玻璃化冷冻保存,解冻后分析其存活率、胞内活性氧(ROS)和谷胱甘肽(GSH)水平、囊胚发育率及囊胚质量。结果表明:冷冻胚胎体外恢复2 h的存活率与新鲜胚胎无明显差异(100%vs.96.8%,P0.05),但当其培养时间达到24 h时,存活率显著下降至88.3%(P0.05)。另外,玻璃化冷冻导致胚胎内ROS水平显著升高(P0.05),GSH水平显著下降(P0.05)。与新鲜胚胎相比,冷冻胚胎获得的囊胚发育率明显降低(59.8%vs.26.4%,P0.05),但囊胚的凋亡细胞率、内细胞团数、滋养层细胞数及总细胞数均无明显差异(P0.05)。结果显示,玻璃化冷冻猪孤雌激活4-细胞胚胎导致其存活、氧化还原能力和囊胚发育下降,但仍能获得较高质量的囊胚。 相似文献
2.
探讨程序化冷冻与玻璃化冷冻对小鼠GV期卵母细胞及二细胞期胚胎的复苏率及其发育潜能的影响。通过小鼠的卵母细胞与早期胚胎的不同冷冻方法的比较,为后续阿旺绵羊的胚胎冷冻保存提供参考。采用程序化冷冻与玻璃化冷冻技术,分别冷冻小鼠GV期卵母细胞及二细胞期胚胎,复苏后培养,比较不同冷冻处理后的复苏率、成熟率与囊胚率。小鼠GV期卵母细胞程序化冷冻复苏率(48.00%±5.29%)显著低于玻璃化冷冻复苏率(65.00%±5.00%),有统计学差异(P=0.0147<0.05);而程序化冷冻后复苏卵母细胞的发育成熟率略高于玻璃化冷冻组,但无统计学意义。小鼠二细胞期胚胎程序化冷冻组复苏率(76.00%±2.00%)显著高于玻璃化冷冻组复苏率(70.00%±2.00%),有统计学差异(P=0.0213<0.05);冷冻后复苏胚胎发育的囊胚率程序化冷冻略低于玻璃化冷冻及对照组,但无统计学意义。 相似文献
3.
用0.25 mL细管和OPS(open pu lled straw)管,对小鼠囊胚进行玻璃化冷冻,以比较2种方法的冷冻效果。结果表明,冷冻-解冻胚胎体外培养24 h后,2组的发育率分别为63.3%(31/49)和71.4%(55/77);OPS法在冻胚发育率上稍优于细管法,但无统计学差异(P>0.05);2组冷冻胚胎的培养发育率均显著低于鲜胚培养组94.3%的发育率(P<0.05)。采用OPS法冷冻小鼠8-细胞胚,其冻后培养发育率为55.6%,似乎要低于囊胚冷冻后的培养发育率,但差异不显著(P>0.05)。 相似文献
4.
为探究开放式拉长细管(OPS)玻璃化冷冻对四倍体胚胎发育的影响,本实验利用2-细胞胚胎电融合法制备四倍体胚胎,再对四倍体胚胎进行OPS玻璃化冷冻,分别观察记录二倍体胚胎、四倍体胚胎以及冷冻解冻后四倍体胚胎的发育情况。结果表明:2-细胞胚胎电融合效率为96.1%;二倍体胚胎组与电融合后四倍体胚胎组的囊胚率和孵化囊胚率差异不显著;冷冻解冻后四倍体胚胎的囊胚率(100%)与四倍体新鲜组(93.3%)差异不显著,其孵化囊胚率(72.3%)较新鲜组(64.9%)显著增高(P<0.05);四倍体冷冻解冻组的囊胚细胞数(31.96)与新鲜组(32.54)无显著差异;冷冻解冻后的四倍体早期囊胚进行体外培养时其发育速度比对照组更快。可见,冷冻对小鼠四倍体胚胎的囊胚率和囊胚细胞数均无显著影响,但孵化囊胚率显著提高,且OPS玻璃化冷冻后使四倍体胚胎的发育速度更快。 相似文献
5.
使用2种不同的冷冻载体冷冻保存牛孤雌囊胚,并且使用差异染色的方法计数囊胚细胞数。结果显示,开放式毛细玻璃管(GMP)和冻精管(Straws)冷冻牛孤雌囊胚复苏后囊胚孵出率存在显著性差异(GMP法为70.29%,冻精管法为27.31%,P0.05)。差异染色结果显示,牛囊胚冷冻复苏后囊胚细胞数目为91.37,而对照组(正常孤雌囊胚)囊胚细胞数目为93.70,两者差异不显著(P0.05),并且前者内细胞团数(ICM)与滋养层细胞数(TE)比例为0.23,而后者为0.24,差异不显著(P0.05)。结果表明,GMP法更适合冷冻保存牛孤雌囊胚,并且其冷冻复苏后囊胚的孵出率达到70.29%。同时使用GMP冷冻囊胚对囊胚细胞的损伤较小。 相似文献
6.
7.
《中国畜牧杂志》2017,(8)
本实验以猪GV期卵母细胞为模型,旨在研究乙二醇(EG)联合丙二醇(PROH)作为渗透性冷冻保护剂的冷冻保存方案。将卵母细胞在室温(25℃)和生理温度(39℃)2种冷冻操作条件下,采用2.5%EG+2.5%PROH直接处理10 min(预平衡方式Ⅰ)或分步以3.75%EG+3.75%PROH、7.5%EG+7.5%PROH 2种溶液各处理2.5 min(预平衡方式Ⅱ)进行预平衡,然后Cryotop法玻璃化冷冻保存,解冻后分析其存活、体外成熟及孤雌发育能力。结果表明:在2种温度下,预平衡方式Ⅰ组卵母细胞解冻后2 h的存活率均显著高于预平衡方式Ⅱ组(P0.05),但存活卵母细胞成熟培养后,在各冷冻组间的存活率无明显差异(P0.05);冷冻组卵母细胞的核成熟也与新鲜卵母细胞无显著性差异(P0.05);在相同温度下,预平衡方式Ⅰ组的卵裂率和囊胚发育率均显著高于预平衡方式Ⅱ组(P0.05);当采用同一预平衡方式时,39℃的冷冻操作条件所获卵裂率和囊胚发育率显著低于25℃(P0.05);此外,各组间囊胚细胞数均无明显差异(P0.05)。综上所述,EG联合PROH用于猪GV期卵母细胞的Cryotop法玻璃化冷冻保存时,25℃冷冻操作条件下,采用预平衡方式Ⅰ可获得较高的冷冻存活率及囊胚发育率。 相似文献
8.
实验比较不同发育天数所得的早期囊胚和扩张囊胚的冷冻效果,以期找出冷冻前胚胎最佳发育时期及囊胚类型。以猪孤雌激活胚胎为材料,分别取培养到第5、6、7天所得的早期囊胚(EB)和扩张囊胚(B)进行玻璃化冷冻保存,解冻后对其复苏率和内细胞团数损伤进行观察和统计。结果表明:发育第5天所获早期囊胚和扩张囊胚复苏率(32.26%、44.78%)好于第6天(22.45%、35.09%)和第7天(8.33%、32.65%),各发育天数所获扩张囊胚复苏率差异不显著(P>0.05),发育至第5天和6天的早期囊胚复苏率显著高于第7天(P<0.05);在内细胞团损伤比例上,虽各组差异不显著(P>0.05),但第5天和第6天组损伤低于第7天组。结果提示,在孤雌激活后第5天选取扩张囊胚进行冷冻,解冻后所得冷冻效果好。 相似文献
9.
10.
《中国畜牧兽医文摘》2016,(7)
本试验应用玻璃化胚胎冷冻方法进行黑头萨福克绵羊胚胎冷冻和移植,比较了受体羊卵巢上黄体数量、受体羊的体况、移植胚胎的数量对受体受胎率的影响。受体羊卵巢上有一个黄体的移植受胎率42.7%与有2~3个黄体受体羊移植受胎率44.4%无显著差异;受体的体况对受胎率有显著影响,中上等(含中等)体况水平的受体的受胎率47.2%显著高于中下等的受体的受胎率43.0%(P0.05);使用玻璃化胚胎冷冻法的冷冻解冻胚胎移植受胎率54.2%显著高于常规胚胎冷冻法的冻胚移植受胎率44.0%(P0.05);移植1枚桑葚胚(1M)的受胎率47.5%略高于移植1枚囊胚(1B)的受胎率44.3%(P0.05)。因此,受体羊黄体数、冷冻桑葚胚和囊胚对胚胎移植受胎率没有显著影响,而受体中上等(含中等)体况水平和玻璃化胚胎冷冻法冷冻解冻胚胎移植受胎率显著提高。 相似文献
11.
12.
13.
本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
14.
魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
15.
Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献
16.
17.
以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献
18.
乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物.本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制.乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道.文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制. 相似文献
19.
REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献