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为了探索硒对妊娠早期子宫局部细胞因子IL-2、IL-4、TGF-β1及TGF-β2的调节作用,将妊娠山羊分为试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组和对照组。Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组山羊分别以0．3、0．5和0．7mg／kg剂量的硒灌服亚硒酸钠溶液,对照组灌服1mL／kg的蒸馏水,每周1次,连续3周。用ELISA试剂盒检测子宫局部细胞因子IL-2、IL-4、TGF-β1及TGF-β2的动态变化以观察硒对其分泌的调节作用。结果表明：（1）妊娠早期（15～19d）山羊两侧子宫角中IL-2、IL-4、TGF-β1及TGF-β2水平无显著差异。妊娠早期山羊两侧子宫角的子宫液IL-2水平在15～18d呈上升趋势,19d时趋于下降;IL-4水平一直呈上升趋势;TGF-β1水平较高,呈不规律变化;TGF-β2呈现先升高、后趋于平稳的趋势。（2）灌服亚硒酸钠溶液,可以显著降低妊娠16～18d子宫液IL-2的水平（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）;同时可显著升高IL-4的水平（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）,且呈一定的剂量依赖关系。（3）0．5和0．7mg／kg剂量组显著升高妊娠16～18d子宫液TGF-β1水平（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）;同时对妊娠16～17d子宫液TGF-β2水平也有显著的升高作用（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）,但对18d时的TGF-β2影响不显著。试验表明,硒对妊娠早期山羊子宫局部IL-2、IL-4、TGF-β1及TGF-β2的分泌具有一定的调节作用。 相似文献
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为了研究Thl/Th2型细胞因子的动态变化对山羊妊娠的影响,探讨其生理学意义,试验通过ELISA方法对山羊妊娠早期及流产前后外周血液中Thl(TNF-α、IL-2)与Th2(IL-10)型细胞因子的含量进行了检测.结果表明:妊娠早期外周血液中TNF-α和IL-2含量先升高后降低,IL-10量持续上升;流产后TNF-α和IL-2含量高于流产前含量(P<0.01或P<0.05),IL-10则低于流产前含量(P<0.05或P<0.01).说明山羊正常妊娠时Th1/Th2型细胞因子动态平衡应当是以Th2型免疫及其相关因子占优势,平衡失调则导致妊娠失败. 相似文献
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为了研究Th1/Th2型细胞因子的动态变化对山羊妊娠的影响,探讨其生理学意义,试验通过EUSA方法对山羊妊娠早期及流产前后外周血液中Th1(TNF-α、IL-2)与Th2(IL-10)型细胞因子的含量进行了检测.结果表明:妊娠早期外周血液中TNF-α和IL-2含量先升高后降低,IL-10含量持续上升;流产后TNF-α和IL-2含量高于流产前含量(P＜0.01或P＜0.05),IL-10则低于流产前含量(P＜0.05或P＜0.01).说明山羊正常妊娠时Th1/Th2型细胞因子动态平衡应当是以Th2型免疫及其相关因子占优势,平衡失调则导致妊娠失败. 相似文献
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精清作为受精过程中重要的物质组成部分,不仅在公畜生殖道内具有保护成熟精子的作用,还能够在受精卵发育早期限制子宫内的免疫应答反应,使妊娠过程正常完成。精清中含有妊娠母体的免疫抑制因子TGF-β(转录活性因子β)、PGE2(前列腺素E)等能够诱导CD4+CD25+T调节细胞的激活和增殖。CD4+CD25+T调节细胞是唯一一类能抑制细胞免疫应答的T细胞,它能够调节妊娠早期的免疫耐受,影响胚胎的正常发育、后代的代谢表型以及疾病的发生。 相似文献
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鸡IL-1β、IL-2、IFN-γ和MGF对表达新城疫病毒HN基因的重组鸡痘病毒免疫效力的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
将10日龄的SPF鸡和15、28日龄的商品鸡分别随机分组,同时免疫不同剂量的rFPV-HN（表达NDV HN基因重组鸡痘病毒）和表达不同细胞因子（IL-1β、IL-2、IFN-γ、MGF）的重组鸡痘病毒（rFPVs）。在免疫后不同时间,通过检测血液中抗NDV的HN蛋白抗体、脾脏中CD4＋和CD8＋T细胞的变化及攻毒保护率等指标。结果表明：IL-1β或IFN-γ在免疫后期能促进抗HN间接ELISA抗体的滴度上升,而且产生抗体的整齐度好;IL-1β或IL-2可以显著增加脾脏中CD4＋和CD8＋T细胞含量;IL-1β、IL-2或IFN-γ同样可以提高商品鸡攻毒后的存活率。IL-2和IFN-γ在增加脾脏中CD4＋和CD8＋T细胞的数量及攻毒保护方面表现出一定的协同增强作用。 相似文献
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分离妊娠山羊子宫内膜淋巴细胞(Endometrial lymphocyte,EML)后,分别加入4、8、12、16 mg/L的亚硒酸钠进行体外培养,探讨硒对EML的活化作用及其对分泌细胞因子IL-2I、L-4、TGFβ1及TGFβ2的影响。结果显示,8~16 mg/L的亚硒酸钠可显著地促进山羊EML的体外活化(P<0.01),并呈剂量依赖性。EML活化后,对IL-2的分泌呈微弱的促进作用;对IL-4、TGFβ1、TGFβ2的分泌有显著的促进作用。 相似文献
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为探讨性腺激素对山羊子宫内膜细胞分泌活性的影响,基于套皿培养技术构建永生化山羊子宫内膜上皮细胞(EEC)与基质细胞(ESC)共培养体外研究模型,通过ELISA检测性腺激素E2和/或P4对单独培养EEC中TNF-α与TGF-β分泌活性的调节作用以及ESC对该培养体系的影响.结果显示:与未加激素对照组相比,单独或混合添加E2和P4均可显著增加单独培养EEC向顶端分泌TNF-α水平(P＜0.05),而对细胞基底端TNF-α分泌活性影响不显著;E2单独作用较对照组显著降低EEC向细胞顶端分泌TGF-β水平(P＜0.05),P4单独或与E2共同作用下则主要对单独培养EEC顶端及基底端分泌TGF-p水平具有显著增强作用(P＜0.05).对于EEC-ESC共培养细胞模式,E2和/或P4显著降低EEC顶端和基底端TNF-α分泌水平(P＜0.05);EEC顶端TGF-β分泌水平在E2和/或P4作用下显著降低(P＜0.05),而EEC基底端TGF-β分泌水平不受激素作用所影响.激素对单独培养及与ESC共培养模式下的极化EEC顶端及基底端TNF-α与TGF-β分泌水平的差异,提示ESC对激素作用下山羊子宫内膜上皮细胞分泌方向及分泌水平的重要调节作用. 相似文献
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为研究在新城疫La Sota疫苗免疫不全的情况下，重组鸡痘病毒（rFPV）表达的鸡白细胞介素1β（IL-1β）、白细胞介素2（IL-2）和髓细胞生长因子（MGF）是否具有免疫增强作用。10日龄SPF鸡随机分成8组（I～VIII），每组18只，每只接种1个半数保护剂量（PD50）的LaSota疫苗，同时免疫不同剂量的表达鸡IL-1β、IL-2或cMGF的rFPV（rFPV-IL-1β、IL-2、cMGF）。结果：rFPV表达的IL-1β、IL-2或cMGF可以消除鸡痘病毒在免疫早期对雏鸡体重增长的影响；一定剂量的IL-1β和IL-2可使鸡脾脏中CD4^＋T细胞和CD8^＋T细胞的总体水平提高；免疫21d后用新城疫的F48E8强毒经肌肉攻毒。一定剂量的IL．1B和IL一2（I和III组）能提高La Sota疫苗的免疫保护率，而cMGF却没有表现出这种作用。本研究表明rFPV表达的IL-1β和IL-2在一定的剂量下可以增强La Sota疫苗的免疫效果，具有免疫增强作用。 相似文献
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Rassnick KM Gieger TL Williams LE Ruslander DM Northrup NC Kristal O Myers NC Moore AS 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2001,15(3):196-199
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks. 相似文献
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Davis MS Willard MD Nelson SL Mandsager RE McKiernan BS Mansell JK Lehenbauer TW 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(3):311-314
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large. 相似文献
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Furosemide continuous rate infusion in the horse: evaluation of enhanced efficacy and reduced side effects 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Johansson AM Gardner SY Levine JF Papich MG LaFevers DH Fuquay LR Reagan VH Atkins CE 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(6):887-895
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses. 相似文献
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Waruiru RM Thamsborg SM Nansen P Kyvsgaard NC Bogh HO Munyua WK Gathuma JM 《Tropical animal health and production》2001,33(3):173-187
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round. 相似文献
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The occurrence of ectoparasites in sheep flocks is frequently reported but seldom quantified. Sheep production used to be a predominantly family activity in the state of Sa~o Paulo (Brazil), but it began to become a commercial activity in the past decade. Thus, information about the ectoparasites existing in sheep flocks has become necessary. The present data were obtained by means of questionnaires sent to all sheep breeders belonging to the `Associaça~o Paulista de Criadores de Ovinos' (ASPACO; Sa~o Paulo State Association of Sheep Breeders). Response reliability was tested by means of random visits paid to 10.6% of the respondents. Most of the properties (89.5%) reported the presence of one or more ectoparasites. Screw-worm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) was the most frequent ectoparasite (72.5%), followed by bot fly larvae (Dermatobia hominis, 45.0%), ticks (Amblyomma cajennense) and Boophilus microplus, 31.3%) and finally lice (Damalinia ovis, 13.8%). Combined infestations also occurred, the most common one being screw-worm with bot fly larvae (36.0%) followed by bot fly larvae with ticks (13.9%), screw-worm with ticks (9.3%), bot fly larvae with lice (6.9%), and ticks with lice (5.0%). The most common triple combination was screw-worm, bot fly larvae and ticks (12.8%). Breeds raised for meat or wool were attacked by bot fly larvae and ticks more often than other breeds. Lice were only absent from animals of indigenous breeds. The relationships among these ectoparasites are discussed in terms of sheep breeds, flock size, seasonality and the ectoparasitic combinations on the host. 相似文献
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Evaluation of biohydrogenation rate of canola vs. soya bean seeds as unsaturated fatty acids sources for ruminants in situ 
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下载免费PDF全文 S. Pashaei T. Ghoorchi A. Yamchi 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2016,100(2):211-216
An experiment was conducted to study disappearance of C14 to C18 fatty acids, lag times and biohydrogenation (BH) rates of C18 fatty acids of ground soya bean and canola seeds in situ. Three ruminally fistulated Dallagh sheep were used to determine ruminal BH of unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs). Differences in the disappearance of fatty acids through the bags and lag times were observed between the oilseeds. We saw that the longer the incubation time of the oilseeds in the rumen, the lower the content of C18:2 and C18:3. Significantly higher lag times for both C18:2 and C18:3 were observed in ground canola compared to ground soya bean. BH rates of C18:2 and C18:3 fatty acids in soya bean were three times higher than those of canola. These results suggest that the fatty acid profile of fat source can affect the BH of UFAs by rumen micro‐organisms. So that UFAs of canola had higher ability to escape from ruminal BH. It seems that fatty acid profile of ruminant products is more affected by canola seed compared to soya bean seed. 相似文献
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Serum biochemical values and the wet weight to dry weight ratios of tissues were determined in yaks in Shandan county of Gansu province. The liver, kidney, heart and muscle contents of seven elements in yaks were also analysed. Most serum biochemical values were similar to those of cattle, camels and sheep, but the calcium concentration was considerably above the normal range for other ruminants. The liver contained the highest concentrations of copper, manganese and cobalt and the kidney of selenium, iron and calcium.Abbreviations Alb
albumin
- ALT
alanine aminotransferase
- AST
aspartate aminotransferase
- BUN
blood urea nitrogen
- Chol
cholesterol
- Glob
globulin
- -GT
-glutamyl transpeptidase
- IP
inorganic phosphorus
- TP
total protein 相似文献
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正We are pleased to publish the second special issue on avian brood parasitism and to be responsible guest editors for the two special issues of Chinese Birds (Vol. 3, No. 4, 2012 and Vol. 4, No. 1, 2013), entitled "Avian Brood Parasitism - A Growing Research Area in Behavioral Ecology". The first issue was published in December 2012. The goal of the two special issues is to publish accumulated knowledge and some of the recent developments in 相似文献
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Tropical Animal Health and Production - 相似文献