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1.
为了解山羊致病性大肠杆菌广西分离株的分子多态性,应用随机扩增多态性方法(RAPD)对山羊致病性大肠杆菌进行分型研究.从8条随机引物中筛选出4条能在10株大肠杆菌中具有较好多态性扩增的随机引物,4条随机引物共扩增出18条DNA片段,10个菌株无共有带谱,显示出良好的扩增多态性.菌株Nx31与Nx32曾被认为是同一菌株的两次分离,但是在RAPD分析中,两株细菌的带谱存在明显的差别,表明RAPD比传统的血清学分型具有更高的分辨性. 相似文献
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应用随机扩增多态性DNA(RAPD)技术，以随机引物单条或成对组合的方式对9株禽巴氏杆菌(PM)广西分离株和3个参考株的DNA进行了多态性分析。结果显示，在选用的20个引物中，有4对引物(4条引物成对组合)扩增的条带为1～16条，其长度在90～2600bp。相似指数分析显示，PM广西分离株GX2与GX4的相似指数最高，为0．97；GX7与B26T1200的相似指数最低，为0．21，C48—1标准强毒株与PM广西分离株间的相似指数为0．33～0．64。表明广西当地的流行株呈现多样性，与PM标准强毒株存在差异。 相似文献
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为了解鹿源牛分枝杆菌(M.bovis)基因多态性,初步建立适合吉林省鹿源M.bovis的基因分型方法,本研究利用12个分枝杆菌散在重复单位(MIRU)位点,对96株鹿源M.bovis吉林分离株进行MIRU基因分型研究.结果显示,12个位点中有8个位点(MIRU2、4、16、23、27、31、39及40)具有多态性,可以将96株菌株分为1 1个基因型,分辨力指数(H)为0.893,其中6个中度多态性位点的分辨力为0.877.其余4个位点(MIRU 10、20、24及26)未显示多态性.研究结果表明,鹿源M.bovis与其他宿主来源的M.bovis在基因分型上存在差异.MIRU位点对鹿源M.bovis具有良好的分辨力,该分型方法可以作为鹿结核病分子流行病学研究的有效方法. 相似文献
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2006-2008年山东鸡传染性支气管炎病毒分离株S1与N基因的分子特征 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
为了调查2006-2008年山东省鸡传染性支气管炎的分子流行病学特征,应用RT-PCR方法分别扩增了14株传染性支气管炎病毒地方毒株S1基因和N基因,并进行了基因克隆与测序工作.对此14株病毒的S1基因序列利用限制性内切酶HaeⅢ进行了限制性片段长度多态性(RFLP)分析,结果显示可以将IBV毒株分为3种不同的基因型.其中11个毒株与LX4毒株有相同的RFLP分型,2株病毒属于Mass基因型,1个毒株有特异的RFLP分型.并将这些分离毒株与11个参考毒株分别进行了基因与氨基酸系统进化树关系分析.S1基因分析结果显示将这些毒株分成3个基因型,与RFLP分析的分型结果一致.11株病毒同属于LX4类型的毒株,分离毒株核苷酸序列相互之间有95.4%～99.7%的同源性.基因Ⅱ型与疫苗株H120和M41的同源性很高.属于基因Ⅲ型的1个毒株形成了独特的基因型.N基因分析结果表明:12株病毒与LX4属于同一基因型,有着较高的同源性.另2株病毒与疫苗株H120同源性很高.以上分析结果表明:山东省IBV分离株存在较为广泛的基因突变、插入和缺失,同时,IBV毒株间的基因重组也可能是山东省IBV变异株产生的另一主要原因. 相似文献
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《中国预防兽医学报》2017,(9)
为了解我国牛源金黄色葡萄球菌(S.aureus)的基因多态性,本研究利用随机引物多态性扩增(RAPD)体系对174株分离自贵州、内蒙古、四川、上海、甘肃等地奶牛乳房炎的S.aureus及一株标准菌CVCC2246进行基因分型。结果表明,175株S.aureus均得到清晰的RAPD指纹图谱,扩增产物为1~9个片段,产物大小为240 bp~4 500 bp。所有菌株共分为8个基因型,其中1型16株;2型和3型各37株;4型15株;5型18株;6型14株;7型13株;8型8株。2型和3型菌株占总菌株42%以上,在贵州、内蒙古、四川、上海、甘肃分布广泛,为流行优势基因型;但5型是内蒙古地区的流行优势基因型。各地区菌株基因型比例有明显差异,可能与奶牛饲养水平和环境差异有关。 相似文献
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用随机扩增多态性DNA 技术（RAPD）对来自2个集约化奶牛场不同奶牛乳房炎病例分出的16株金黄色葡萄球菌进行了基因分型。分别用3个寡核苷酸引物扩增，仅OLP11引物可扩增出质量良好、具有RAPD特征的条带图谱。对反应体系的退火温度、模板浓度进行了筛选，模板原倍浓度、33℃的退火温度能使所有检测菌株产生清晰、可分辨、具有较好重复性的带谱。分型结果表明，16株菌可分为2个类群，其中14株位于同一类群，大多数菌株的相关系数差距仅为0.04，这一结果提示这些菌株可能具有相同的来源和相似的遗传背景。 相似文献
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为了解牛分枝杆菌的基因型特点,初步建立适合新疆地区的MIRU-VNTR基因分型方法,本研究利用24个MIRU-VNTR位点,对30株牛分枝杆菌新疆分离株进行基因分型研究。结果显示,在24个MIRU-VNTR位点中,有9个位点(ETR-A、B、D、E;MIRU24;QUB11a、11b、1895、26)具有多态性,可将30株菌分为7个基因型,分型指数为0.611。而国际通用的5个ETRs位点(ETR-A～E)可将该30株菌分为4个基因型,分型指数为0.712。多态性位点中多态性指数较高的5个位点(ETR-B、ETR-D、MIRU24、QUB11a、QUB26)具有与9个位点相似的分型能力,分型指数为0.715。研究表明,新疆地区与其他地区或国家的牛分枝杆菌在基因分型方面存在差异。5个多态性较高的位点均具有良好的分型能力,表明MIRU-VNTR基因分型方法可以作为新疆地区牛分枝杆菌分子流行病学研究的辅助方法。 相似文献
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为了解狂犬病病毒(RV)的变异情况,本研究对广西不同地区的22个RV分离株的L基因3'端片段进行克隆和测序,与国内外发表的RV街毒、固定毒株及类RV株相应部分的多态性进行了比较分析.结果表明.所测定的22个广西RV野毒分离株属于基因I型,可分为3个群即I群、Ⅱ群和Ⅲ群.其中13株属于I群,其核苷酸同源性为96.9%～100.0%,氨基酸同源性为98.2%～100.0%;8株属于Ⅱ群,株核苷酸同源性为96.5%～99.7%.氨基酸同源性为97.8%～100.0%.仅1株属于Ⅲ群.22个RV分离株与RV固定毒株核苷酸和氨基酸的同源性分别为79.5%～86.9%和85.8%～96.5%,与类RV核苷酸和氨基酸的同源性分别为65.7%～70.3%和70.4%～76.5%. 相似文献
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《山东畜牧兽医》2016,(5)
采用RAPD分子标记技术对狼尾草属10个品种(品系)间的遗传关系进行了分析。从100条RAPD引物中筛选出8条RAPD引物用于RAPD分析。8条RAPD引物共检测到70个位点,其中多态位点占88.57%,Nei’s基因多样度为0.3080,Shannon信息指数为0.5334;RAPD标记显示狼尾草属牧草具有丰富的遗传多态性。基于RAPD扩增构建相应的Nei’s(1979)遗传距离矩阵以及UPGMA树图。狼尾草属牧草品种(系)间遗传相似系数(GS)值为0.5102~0.9350。粗茎象草与美洲狼尾草的遗传相似系数最小,为0.5102,表明其亲缘关系最远;粗茎象草与未知品种的遗传相似系数最大,为0.9350,说明其亲缘关系最近。 相似文献
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Parham K Churchward CP McAuliffe L Nicholas RA Ayling RD 《Veterinary microbiology》2006,118(1-2):83-90
Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae is one of only two mycoplasma species associated with small ruminant disease in Britain and has been associated with an increasing number of disease outbreaks since 2002. This investigation used well-defined techniques to assess the variability of UK M. ovipneumoniae isolates, in an attempt to identify strain clusters within the population. Strains received for routine diagnosis between 2002 and 2004 were analysed using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Of the 43 samples screened 40 RAPD Hum-1, 41 RAPD Hum-4 and 40 PFGE profiles were observed. Composite data analysis divided strains into 10 similarity clusters with SDS-PAGE and Western blotting indicating that this DNA variability is translated into a pattern of variable protein expression. In order to assess the strains isolated within flocks two sets of samples, from diverse locations, were included in this test panel. The presence of variable isolates existing on the same farm may reflect animal movement and the introduction of asymptomatic, carrier, animals where M. ovipneumoniae is already established within a flock. These findings have significant implications regarding disease diagnosis and management. 相似文献
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Pillai SR Mays HL Ley DH Luttrell P Panangala VS Farmer KL Roberts SR 《Avian diseases》2003,47(3):640-648
Mycoplasma gallisepticum, a major pathogen of chickens and turkeys, has caused significant declines in house finch (Carpodacus mexicanus) populations in the eastern United States since it was first observed in this species in 1994. There is evidence that M. gallisepticum infection is now endemic among eastern house finches, although disease prevalence has declined, suggesting an evolving host-parasite relationship. Studies based on randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) have documented the presence of a single, unique RAPD profile in house finch M. gallisepticum isolates, suggesting a single point source of origin, which agrees with the known epidemiologic observations. In the present study, we evaluated the molecular variability of 55 house finch isolates as well as 11 chicken and turkey isolates including reference strains of M. gallisepticum. Molecular variability was evaluated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis and nucleotide sequencing of the pvpA gene, which encodes for the putative cytadhesin protein PvpA. Three different RFLP groups and 16 genotypes were evident from the 55 house finch isolates evaluated. Sequence analysis of pvpA gene PCR products showed that although most house finch M. gallisepticum isolates clustered more closely to each other, others clustered more closely to either turkey or chicken field isolates. These findings suggest that house finch isolates are more polymorphic than previously recognized by RAPD studies. This feature may allow us to learn more about the molecular evolution and epidemiology of this emerging disease host-parasite relationship. 相似文献
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Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae NCTC 10151(T) and four new isolates from UK sheep flocks were compared. Only glucose and pyruvate were used as energy sources by the five strains: glucose was the best energy source for the type strain, pyruvate supported better growth of the new strains. Whole cell protein patterns and antigenic profiles showed high similarity between all five strains. The new isolates fell into two groups in ELISA tests. Serum samples from 30 pneumonic sheep were assessed for M. ovipneumoniae infection and Mycoplasma arginini co-infection. Fourteen (out of 30) serum samples were positive for M. ovipneumoniae both by ELISA and immunoblotting. Twelve antigenic proteins of M. ovipneumoniae were detected in infected serum samples: the antigen patterns were unique, with between one and at least seven occurring in any one sample. All serum samples were designated as negative for M. arginini antibodies by both ELISA and immunoblotting. 相似文献
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山羊支原体性肺炎流行病学调查 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
山羊支原体性肺炎是威胁山羊养殖的重要传染病,为了解其流行情况,对四川省主要山羊养殖地区的山羊支原体性肺炎进行了流行病学调查。从四川省7个地区山羊养殖场采集肺脏和鼻腔棉拭子样本共135份,经过分离鉴定得到42株支原体,其中绵羊肺炎支原体36株,丝状支原体6株;其中6个羊场仅分离到绵羊肺炎支原体,1个羊场同时分离到绵羊肺炎支原体和丝状支原体。本试验结果表明,绵羊肺炎支原体是引起四川省山羊支原体性肺炎的主要病原,个别地方存在绵羊肺炎支原体和丝状支原体混合感染。 相似文献
15.
Patel H Mackintosh D Ayling RD Nicholas RA Fielder MD 《Veterinary microbiology》2008,127(3-4):309-314
Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae is considered an emerging veterinary pathogen causing pneumonia in sheep and goats worldwide. Currently it has not been possible to define a growth medium that yields the maximum growth of M. ovipneumoniae within a short incubation period. Growth yields of M. ovipneumoniae in Eaton's medium are variable and not as consistently high as those seen with other Mycoplasma spp. This study investigated the ability of different M. ovipneumoniae field strains to grow in various media formulations, where PPLO broth was replaced by a vegetable protein source, and comparisons were made in terms of strain viability in Eaton's medium. Studies were also conducted to determine the optimal carbohydrate source for use in the M. ovipneumoniae medium. Generally, it was found that different strains showed good growth in all media tested, with growth yields at 24h in TSB-1 medium higher than those observed with Eaton's medium. Growth yields reached 10(8) to 10(9)cfu ml(-1) within 24h for particular field strains, with all strains achieving this growth level within 48-72h. 相似文献
16.
A study of the heterogeneity of isolates of Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae from sheep in New Zealand. 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
To investigate the heterogeneity of Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae, sixty isolates from three sheep on each of twenty farms were examined by restriction endonuclease analysis (REA) and SDS-PAGE. All were found to be different except for three isolates obtained from one farm. The protein and REA patterns of individual isolates were both highly reproducible and remained unchanged following long term passage (approximately 400 generations) in vitro. No plasmids were detected in the twelve strains which were examined and when two isolates were co-cultured in vitro, no genetic interchange, as judged by changes in REA patterns were detected. Since the heterogeneity of M. ovipneumoniae when examined by SDS-PAGE is too great to allow groups to be recognised, it could be advantageous for this purpose if only surface proteins were compared. As a preliminary step to this end we have identified several surface proteins of M. ovipneumoniae and found that some are common to all strains, one surface protein was shared by five of the eight strains examined and another was unique to one strain. This approach has the potential to allow the recognition of grouping of M. ovipneumoniae isolates. 相似文献
17.
The reliability and reproducibility of random amplified polymorphic DNA analysis (RAPD) was compared with restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) by analysing three virus strains isolated from zoo animals in Berlin and three isolates which were cultivated from pets from Northern Germany. The RAPD technique was evaluated as a reliable tool with good reproducibility of the patterns for each virus strain investigated. Problems of interpretation due to inconsistent intensity of bands in different polymerase chain reaction runs may arise for less experienced personnel. The RAPD analysis can be performed within one working day and needs less DNA compared with RFLP so costs will be reduced. The obvious advantage of RFLP is that the pattern can be traced to the recognition site of the restriction enzyme whereas the RAPD primer sequence is not present in the orthopoxvirus genome at all. To the authors knowledge, the RAPD technique has never been applied in DNA viruses before and they conclude that this technique is a useful tool for the discrimination of closely related cowpoxviruses. 相似文献
18.
Chronic non-progressive pneumonia (CNP) is a common disease which affects lambs in New Zealand during late summer and autumn. Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae can be recovered from a high proportion of lesions but it is also present in some normal lungs. Bacteria, especially Pasteurella haemolytica, can also be recovered from more than half the lungs of affected animals. Isolates of M. ovipneumoniae are genetically heterogeneous, as demonstrated by examination of their DNA or total cellular proteins, and are serologically heterogeneous as shown by metabolic inhibition tests. The number of strains present in New Zealand is large and several distinguishable strains can be recovered from each affected lung. Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae has pathogenic potential as indicated by its ability to produce hydrogen peroxide, cause ciliostasis and by its possession of a capsule. Chronic non-progressive pneumonia can be transmitted consistently to over 50% of lambs by inoculation of pooled pneumonic lung homogenate and transmission can be suppressed by broad spectrum antibiotics. In contrast, penicillin does not prevent the development of lesions but diminishes their severity. Pooled lung homogenate treated with digitonin, which inactivates mycoplasmas, has failed to transmit CNP. Pure cultures of M. ovipneumoniae produce only mild lesions in some animals, whereas inoculation with pooled lung homogenate (from which no viruses were isolated) containing mixed strains of M. ovipneumoniae and free from bacteria, is more effective in producing lesions. Research work to date suggests that CNP may be initiated by colonisation of the lung by M. ovipneumoniae which causes ciliostasis and elicits an exudate allowing colonisation of the lungs by bacteria especially M. haemolytica and by other strains of M. ovipneumoniae. The immune response to the initial strain of M. ovipneumoniae may inhibit its replication but would be less effective in inhibiting heterologous strains of the organism allowing their sequential replication. Eventually production of a broad immune response to M. ovipneumoniae would lead to its elimination which in turn would facilitate the elimination of other microorganisms and the resolution of lesions. As natural immunity to CNP occurs within the first year, it may be possible to develop an effective and useful vaccine. Such a vaccine may need to include multiple strains of M. ovipneumoniae. 相似文献
19.
Mycobacterium avium is an important veterinary pathogen causing avian tuberculosis in birds. The aim of the study was to evaluate the genetic relatedness in M. avium isolates from deep tissues of farmed lesser white-fronted geese with avian tuberculosis and in samples from the farm environment. The strains were analyzed by two PCR-based typing methods, inverted repeat (IR) typing and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis. The primers for the inverted repeats of the insertion sequences IS1245 and IS1311 were used in IR typing, and the RAPD analysis was performed with six primers. Seven of the nine avian strains yielded an identical pattern in the IR typing, but they could be divided into two groups in the RAPD analysis. The remaining two bird isolates had an identical IR pattern (IR cluster II) which they shared with two environmental isolates. However, the RAPD analysis revealed that these environmental isolates had a RAPD pattern (RAPD cluster VI) distinct and different from either of the bird isolates (RAPD clusters II and IV). In all, four M. avium strains were verified as being inducers of avian tuberculosis in birds, and all were distinct from the three environmental strains identified. Thus, the results did not confirm the preliminary idea that a single strain had caused the epidemic. The polymorphism among M. avium strains highlighted the great biodiversity among an M. avium population even in a limited environmental setting during a short time span, and indicated the high susceptibility to avian tuberculosis of lesser white-fronted geese. 相似文献
20.
Increasing use of Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) live vaccines has led to a need for the differentiation of MG strains. The MG strains MK-7, MS-16, S6, FS-9 and R strains and the MG live vaccine strain F were compared by random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD) in this study. Using RAPD, different patterns were found among the MG strains. In addition to this, we examined the differentiating potential of polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) primers targeted at the crmA, crmB, crmC, gapA, mgc2 and pvpA genes encoding cytadherence-related surface proteins. These proteins may take part in the pathogenesis of MG-induced disease. Differentiation of strain F is based on the identification of restriction enzyme sites in the PCR amplicons. Using HphI enzyme, crmC PCR amplicons produced different RFLP patterns. Digestion of amplicons of gapA-specific PCR with MboI enzyme also produced distinct patterns. Differences were observed among strains R and F by digestion of mgc2 PCR amplicons with HaelIl and VspI enzymes and digestion of pvpA PCR amplicons with AccI, PvulI and ScrFI endonucleases. This method can be used for the rapid differentiation of vaccine strain from wild strains. Differentiation of MG strains is a great advantage for diagnosticians or practitioners and it is useful for epidemiological studies. 相似文献