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1.
通过PCR-SSCP方法对7个品种285匹马的生长激素基因做了多态性分析,在所检测的5′端侧翼区、第一内含子、第二外显子和第五外显子4个位点中,仅第五外显子检测到多态,该多态位点由A和B两种等位基因控制.GH基因第1 719处1个T→C的突变和1 743处G→A的突变,导致等位基因B变为等位基因A.除纯血马外,A基因在各品种中均为优势等位基因,B基因为纯血马的优势基因.在此多态位点,乌珠穆沁马、乌审马和巴尔虎马处于Hardy-Weinberg平衡状态,纯血马、三河马和锡尼河马则未达到Hardy-Weinberg平衡状态.  相似文献   

2.
利用PCR-SSCP方法,设计两对引物(L1、L3)对134只欧拉型藏羊CAPN1基因部分序列进行多态性检测.检测结果分析表明L1引物存在从、AB和BB 3种基因型.不同基因型PCR产物测序结果分析发现在第5内含子和第6外显子上各存在1个单核苷酸多态位点,分别是扩增序列190 bp处的A→G的突变和扩增序列260 bp处的A→G的突变,但外显子的突变为同义突变.L3引物PCR-SSCP检测未发现多态位点.群体遗传学分析表明:该群体在突变位点的多态信息含量为0.345 2,属中度多态,X2检验表明该群体处于Hardy-Weinberg平衡状态(P＞0.05).  相似文献   

3.
采用PCR-SSCP方法,检测126只欧拉型藏羊GH基因第1、2内含子、第1～4外显子序列的遗传多态性,结果表明:仅第4外显子出现多态性,存在2个等位基因3种基因型(AA、AB和BB),BB基因型频率最高,B等位基因频率明显高于A等位基因频率,其余位点未检测到多态.群体遗传学分析结果表明:该群体在这一位点上处于Hardy-Weinberg平衡状态(P＞0.05),多态信息含量(PIC)为0.231 3,为低度多态(PIC＜0.25).测序结果显示:与藏绵羊GH基因序列(EFU77162)相比,B等位基因在1 286bp处发生T→C的突变,该突变为同义突变.  相似文献   

4.
探讨COMT基因第4外显子(C4位点)多态性,进而探究不同品种马在该位点的遗传变异程度和选育强度。采用PCR-SSCP方法对不同品种马的COMT基因C4位点进行多态性分析。结果表明:第4外显子区域存在多态现象,发现AA、BB 2种基因型,并有3处突变分别是13处C突变为A、199处C突变为G的颠换、120处T突变为C的转换。不同品种间的基因型分布存在差异,纯血马的优势基因型和优势等位基因是BB型和B;而乌审马、锡尼河马、三河马、巴尔虎马、乌珠穆沁马的优势基因型和优势等位基因均为AA型和A;处于哈代-温伯格平衡状态(P0.05)的只有巴尔虎马,其他品种马都没有处于哈代-温伯格平衡状态(P0.01)。纯血马C4位点的杂合度为0.499,多态信息含量为0.374,呈中度多态性。纯血马C4位点杂合度和多态信息含量较高,表明该群体的遗传物质基础一致性较高,该位点遗传性能趋于稳定。  相似文献   

5.
旨在研究秦川牛IRS-1基因外显子的多态性,及其与秦川牛体尺和肉质性状的相关性。选取384头同等饲养条件下的18～24月龄健康秦川牛母牛为研究对象,采用PCR-SSCP技术结合DNA测序技术检测IRS-1基因外显子上存在的SNPs位点,并将其与秦川牛体尺和肉质性状进行关联分析。经DNA测序发现,在IRS-1基因外显子的2 346(B1位点)和2 394bp处(B2位点)分别发生了G→A和C→G突变,经分析发现,分别为氨基酸序列第782处Glu和798处Leu的同义突变。通过SSCP带型分析分别出现CC、CD和AA、AB 2种基因型,均未检测出第3种纯合基因型;卡方检验显示,B1位点在所检测牛群中处于Hardy-Weinberg平衡状态(P>0.05),而B2位点则处于Hardy-Weinberg极度不平衡状态(P<0.01);且B1处CC基因型为优势基因型,C为优势等位基因,处于低度多态状态;B2处基因型AA为优势基因型,A为优势等位基因,处于低度多态状态;关联分析表明,B1位点不同基因型个体间在体斜长、腰角宽、胸围和眼肌面积方面差异显著(P<0.05),B2位点在腰角宽、胸深和背膘厚方面差异显著(P<0.05)。将2个突变位点合并基因型进行单倍型分析发现,双杂合基因型个体(ABCD)除背膘厚和肌间脂肪含量外其他所分析的各性状均显著高于其他基因型组合,且多标记位点的组合效应值高于单标记位点。结果提示,IRS-1基因对秦川牛体尺及部分肉质性状有显著的影响,可以作为秦川肉牛新品系培育早期选择的候选基因,其中组合ABCD可能是影响秦川牛体尺和胴体性状的最佳基因型组合。  相似文献   

6.
为了研究合作猪γ-IFN基因的多态性,确定其等位基因数、核苷酸多态位点,各等位基因是否符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡状态、多态信息含量、有效等位基因数和杂合度,采用PCR-SSCP方法检测了138头合作猪γ-IFN基因外显子4的等位基因,并克隆、测序群体内变异产生的各等位基因序列,就基因型和等位基因单倍型序列数据开展分析。序列比对分析发现5个核苷酸多态位点,其中5 284 bp(A→G)、5 341 bp(G→A)、5 371 bp(A→G)为新发现突变位点。试验群体发现4种基因型AA、AB、AC和AD,其中A等位基因频率为0.963 8,为优势等位基因。经χ2适合性检验,该群体处于Hardy-Weinberg平衡状态(P>0.05)。γ-IFN基因遗传多态指数中,杂合度(He)、多态信息含量(PIC)、有效等位基因数(Ne)均较低,表明合作猪γ-IFN基因比较保守。  相似文献   

7.
本试验采用PCR-RFLP方法检测脂滴包被蛋白基因(perilipin,PLIN)在济宁百日鸡、汶上芦花鸡等5个地方鸡种和1个培育品系中的遗传多态性,并分析了多态位点不同基因型与鸡胴体及脂肪性状的相关性。结果发现,在6个供试群体中检测到1个Pst Ⅰ酶切突变位点,测序证实为新发现的鸡PLIN基因2224 bp处G→T突变,该突变位点在供试群体中共检测到两种基因型(A1A1和A1A2),等位基因A1在所有供试群体中均表现为优势等位基因。关联分析结果表明,PLIN基因2224多态位点对鸡胴体性状和脂肪性状影响均不显著(P＞0.05)。多重比较结果表明,A1A1基因型个体在胴体和脂肪性状上总体优于A1A2基因型个体,但各性状均值在两种基因型个体间差异均不显著(P＞0.05)。本研究结果表明,该位点不能作为鸡胴体和脂肪性状的有效分子标记。  相似文献   

8.
本试验采用RCR-SSCP及测序的方法检测了58头糯谷猪母猪卵泡刺激素(follicle-stimulating hormone,FSH) β基因编码区3个外显子的多态性,并分析了不同基因型与繁殖性能的关联性,结果发现,在外显子1和外显子3中未发现多态位点,外显子2中发现了2个新的多态位点,共检测出3个等位基因,5个基因型,未检测到BB基因型。其中A等位基因在6699位点发生了C→T突变,B等位基因在6708位点发生了T→C突变,C等位基因与公布序列一致,A、B、C等位基因频率分别为0.288、0.119、0.593。2个突变均为同义突变,各基因型间的繁殖性能差异不显著。  相似文献   

9.
旨在对IGF-Ⅰ和IGFBP-1基因部分SNPs与鸡生长性状进行关联分析.试验以京海黄鸡为材料,采用PCR-SSCP方法检测2个候选基因的单核苷酸多态性(SNPs),采用一般线性模型(GLM)分析基因型与生长性状的遗传效应.结果表明,IGF-Ⅰ基因外显子3序列的60 bp处有A→G的点突变,在京海黄鸡中检测到AA、AB、BB 3种基因型,A等位基因频率为0.613,B等位基因的频率为0.387;IGFBP-1基因外显子2序列的21 bp处有A→T的点突变,104 bp处有T→C的突变,在京海黄鸡中检测到CC、CD和DD 3种基因型,C等位基因频率为0.558,D等位基因频率为0.442.IGF-Ⅰ基因BB基因型个体4周龄体质量显著高于AA和AB型个体(P＜0.05);IGFBP-1基因DD基因型个体8周龄体质量显著高于CC基因型个体(P＜0.05),4、12和16周龄体质量差异极显著(P＜0.01).因此,推测这些SNPs对京海黄鸡生长性状具有一定的影响,应用于鸡育种过程中的标记辅助选择可以加快育种进程.  相似文献   

10.
本研究采用PCR-SSCP和DNA直接测序技术相结合来检测兴义鸭CYP7A1基因外显子3的SNP位点,分析其与血清生化指标的关联性。结果表明,检测到3种基因型AA、AB和BB,2个等位基因A和B,AA和A分别为优势基因型和等位基因,频率分别为0.882和0.921,序列比对发现5个SNP位点G744A、G783A、T858C、C951G和G960A,均为同义突变。关联分析显示,BB基因型个体的血清白蛋白、球蛋白和总蛋白显著高于AA基因型(P0.05),AA基因型白球比值显著高于AB型(P0.05),推测CYP7A1基因外显子3的多态可能对兴义鸭血清蛋白有一定影响,BB基因型可能是血清蛋白组成的有利基因型,等位基因B可能是有利等位基因。  相似文献   

11.
试验选用96头平均体重14.82 kg左右的杜×长×大断奶仔猪,随机分成4组,每组3栏,每栏8头(公母各半)。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1、2、3组分别添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖和1%微米白术。试验期30 d。结果表明:在生长性能方面,与对照组相比,1%微米白术添加组可显著提高日增重(P0.05)、降低饲料增重比和腹泻率,而且效果优于1%80目白术组和0.2%白术多糖组,在肠道形态和肠道微生态区系方面,与对照组相比,日粮添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖、1%微米白术均可不同程度的提高十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度,加深十二指肠和空肠的隐窝深度,并且增加肠道微生态区系的多样性,其中以1%微米白术添加组的效果最佳。  相似文献   

12.
Sissay, M.M., Uggla, A. and Waller, P.J., XXXX. Prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, XXXX. A 2-year abattoir survey was carried out to determine the prevalence, abundance and seasonal incidence of gastro-intestinal (GI) nematodes and trematodes (flukes) of sheep and goats in the semi-arid zone of eastern Ethiopia. During May 2003 to April 2005, viscera including liver, lungs and GI tracts were collected from 655 sheep and 632 goats slaughtered at 4 abattoirs located in the towns of Haramaya, Harar, Dire Dawa and Jijiga in eastern Ethiopia. All animals were raised in the farming areas located within the community boundaries for each town. Collected materials were transported within 24 h to the parasitology laboratory of Haramaya University for immediate processing. Thirteen species belonging to 9 genera of GI nematodes (Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, T. vitrinus, Nematodirus filicollis, N. spathiger, Oesophagostomum columbianum, O. venulosum, Strongyloides papillosus, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Trichuris ovis, Cooperia curticei and Chabertia ovina), and 4 species belonging to 3 genera of trematodes (Fasciola hepatica, F. gigantica, Paramphistomum {Calicohoron} microbothrium and Dicrocoelium dendriticum) were recorded in both sheep and goats. All animals in this investigation were infected with multiple species to varying degrees. The mean burdens of adult nematodes were generally moderate in both sheep and goats and showed patterns of seasonal abundance that corresponded with the bi-modal annual rainfall pattern, with highest burdens around the middle of the rainy season. In both sheep and goats there were significant differences in the mean worm burdens and abundance of the different nematode species between the four geographic locations, with worm burdens in the Haramaya and Harar areas greater than those observed in the Dire Dawa and Jijiga locations. Similar seasonal variations were also observed in the prevalence of flukes. But there were no significant differences in the prevalence of each fluke species between the four locations. Overall, the results showed that Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus, Oesophagostomum, Fasciola and Paramphistomum species were the most abundant helminth parasites of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia.  相似文献   

13.
Tropical Animal Health and Production -  相似文献   

14.
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks.  相似文献   

15.
Our particular attention in this article was given to natural mediators for macrophages isolated from the sites of tissue injury. A number of chemotactic factors, which may satisfy many criteria making them acceptable as inflammatory leucocyte chemotactic factors, has been separated. Among them, our laboratory has isolated three macrophage (monocyte) chemotactic factors (MCF-a, -b and -c). Their purification, characterization and functional specificity are discussed.  相似文献   

16.
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large.  相似文献   

17.
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses.  相似文献   

18.
Genetic variations in chromosome Y are enabling researchers to identify paternal lineages, which are informative for introgressions and migrations. In this study, the male‐specific region markers, sex‐determining region‐Y (SRY), amelogenin (AMELY) and zinc finger (ZFY) were analysed in seven Turkish native goat breeds, Angora, Kilis, Hair, Honaml?, Norduz, Gürcü and Abaza. A SNP in the ZFY gene defined a new haplotype Y2C. All domestic haplogroups originate from Capra aegagrus, while the finding of Y1A, Y1B, Y2A and Y2C in 32, 4, 126 and 2 Turkish domestic goats, respectively, appears to indicate a predomestic origin of the major haplotypes. The occurrence of four haplotypes in the Hair goat and, in contrast, a frequency of 96% of Y1A in the Kilis breed illustrate that Y‐chromosomal variants have a more breed‐dependent distribution than mitochondrial or autosomal DNA. This probably reflects male founder effects, but a role in adaptation cannot be excluded.  相似文献   

19.
The objective of this report was to characterize 20-year changes in proportion of calcium oxalate (CaOx) calculi and struvite calculi in dogs, and associations with breed, age, and sex. In this retrospective study, results of analysis of urinary calculi from dogs were reviewed for specimens received between July 1, 1981, and December 31, 2001. Breed, sex, age, year of submission of the specimen, and mineral type(s) were analyzed statistically. CaOx or Struvite or both were contained in 18,966 of 20,884 (91%) specimens. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant increase was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained CaOx. The increase in this proportion was greater in females (1% to 31%) than in males (18% to 82%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions may have plateaued, the odds of specimens containing CaOx were markedly higher in 18 breeds, markedly lower in 5 breeds, and not significantly different in 13 breeds compared with crossbreds. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant decrease was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained struvite. This decrease in proportion was greater for males (79-16%) than for females (97-68%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions plateaued, the odds of calculi containing struvite were markedly lower in 20 breeds, markedly higher in 1 breed, and not significantly different in 15 breeds when compared with crossbreds. Breed, age, and sex were associated statistically with CaOx or struvite urolithiasis. In conclusion, there appears to have been a long-term increase in the proportion of specimens of canine urinary calculi that contain CaOx as well as a long-term decrease in the proportion of specimens of calculi that contain struvite for both male and female dogs. The rate of change appeared to begin leveling off in the period 1998 to 2001. The recent proportion of dogs with either CaOx- or struvite-associated urolithiasis may depend on breed, age, and sex, and on interactions among these 3 factors.  相似文献   

20.
<正>1.INTRODUCTION Ensuring transportation network security is one Of the most daunting challenges confronting homeland security agencies today.Significant research has been dedicated.To model and analyze the vulnerability of transportation systems,while notably fewer studies propose specific strategies for deploying defensive technologies to safeguard these systems.  相似文献   

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