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为实现牛结节性皮肤病病毒（LSDV）和羊痘病毒属（CaPV）其他成员的鉴别诊断，针对LSDV 010基因保守区域设计特异性引物及Taq Man探针，与文献报道的CaPV 068基因的通用引物及探针组合，通过优化反应体系和条件，建立了一种可同时鉴别检测LSDV和CaPV其他成员的双重荧光定量PCR检测方法。结果显示：本方法可以特异性扩增LSDV和CaPV其他成员，并且与其他牛、羊病毒无交叉反应，特异性好；对pLSDV-010和pCaPV-068质粒标准品的最低检测限均为15 copies/μL，具有较高的灵敏性；组内和组间变异系数均小于1.75%，重复性良好。应用本试验建立的方法与荧光定量PCR方法同时检测542份临床样品，发现CaPV的样品符合率为98.52%,LSDV为99.63%。本试验建立的方法为CaPV鉴别筛查、LSDV精准防控及流行病学调查提供了快捷有效的技术手段。 相似文献
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山羊痘病毒和羊口疮病毒双重PCR检测方法的建立与初步应用 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
根据GenBank发表的山羊痘病毒（goatpox virus,GPV）和羊口疮病毒（orf virus,ORFV）基因序列,分别合成针对GPV ITR和ORFV H2L基因片段的2对引物,以GPV和ORFV的核酸混合物作为模板,经优化反应条件,成功建立了快速鉴别检测GPV、ORFV的双重PCR方法。特异性试验结果显示,该方法对GPV与ORFV核酸的扩增能获得289和507 bp的特异性目的片段,而对FMDV、FPV、BTV、健康山羊皮肤的核酸扩增均为阴性;敏感性试验结果显示,该方法对GPV核酸的最小检出量为4 pg,对ORFV核酸为0.4 pg;对临床采集的12份病料进行双重PCR扩增,GPV检出率为25%（3/12）,ORFV的检出率为75%（9/12）。结果表明,建立的双重PCR方法具有特异性强、敏感性高、快速简便等特点,可用于GPV或/和ORFV临床感染病例的联合检测与鉴别诊断。 相似文献
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根据猪伪狂犬病病毒（PRV）和猪细小病毒（PPV）2种病原体的基因保守序列，分别设计并合成了与PRv的gp50基因序列和PPV的VP2基因互补的两对引物，进行单相PCR，分别扩增出预期的217bp片段及158bp片段；同时，用这两对引物对混合的样品中的PRV和PPV的DNA模板进行二联PCP扩增及二联PCR反应条件的优化，结果得到2争与试验设计相符的217bp（PRV）和158bp（PPV）特异性务带：敏感性检测结果表明，对PRv的检测可以达到10^6.11／20μL TCID50对PPV的检测可以达到0．008HA单位的核酸模板。本文建立的PCR方法，可以在24h内对样品进行快速检测，可作为PRV、PPV感染和临床样品检测的可靠手段。 相似文献
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为建立羊口疮病毒(Orf virus,ORFV)核酸的快速检测方法，本研究根据ORFV B2L基因保守序列设计特异性引物，通过优化反应温度与时间初步建立了基于重组酶介导等温扩增技术(RAA)的ORFV检测方法。优化试验结果显示：该方法在37℃反应40 min检测效果最佳。采用该方法对ORFV、山羊痘病毒、O型和A型口蹄疫病毒、小反刍兽疫病毒、山羊副流感病毒3型等临床常见症状相似的病毒核酸检测，结果显示：该方法除对ORFV的检测结果为阳性外，对羊的其他病毒的检测结果均为阴性，特异性较强。将质粒标准品10倍倍比稀释(1×109拷贝/μL～1×100拷贝/μL)后为模板，利用本研究建立的RAA方法检测，结果显示：该方法对ORFV质粒标准品的最低检测限为1×104拷贝/μL，敏感性较高。利用本研究建立的方法对95份临床样品(15份组织样品和80份血液样品)检测，结果显示：该RAA方法能够对临床样品快速检测，组织样品和血液样品的阳性率分别为33.33%(5/15)和6.25%(5/80)，该检测结果与普通PCR检测方法的符合率均为... 相似文献
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参照羊痘病毒（CaPV）P32的基因序列，设计合成了2套引物和1条探针，建立了实时荧光定量PCR技术，对细胞培养物、皮肤丘疹、痂皮等组织病料中的GPV进行了特异性检测和敏感性试验。结果显示，用300nmol／L引物浓度和200nmol／L探针浓度，获得的CT值较小，而△Rn最大；可检测到相当于0．1TCID50的病毒DNA；制作的标准曲线中各浓度范围内有极好的线性关系且线性范围宽，相关系数为0．9995以上；组内和组间试验重复性的变异系数分别为2．3％和3．4％；与常规的PCR相比较，该方法具有快速、特异、敏感、可定量，可同时检测大量样品等优点。表明，荧光TaqMan PCR是一种检测CaPV的良好方法，可对组织病料中低含量的CaPV或持续带毒宿主进行准确检测。 相似文献
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猪脑心肌炎病毒和猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒二重RT-PCR检测方法的建立 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
根据猪脑心肌炎病毒(EMCV)3D基因和猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)N蛋白基因序列设计合成了两对特异性引物,经过PCR反应条件的优化,建立了EMCV和PRRSV二重RT-PCR方法,其PCR产物大小分别为286 bp和390 bp,并具有EMCV和PRRSV特征序列。该方法对EMCV和PRRSV的最低检测量分别为10×TC ID50和1×TC ID50;而对乙型脑炎病毒、猪瘟病毒、猪细小病毒、猪圆环病毒2型、猪伪狂犬病毒的PCR检测结果均为阴性;20份临床发病仔猪样品检测结果为PRRSV阳性者15份,EMCV阳性者3份,证明我国存在EMCV感染。该方法敏感、特异,可用于EMCV和PRRSV感染的检测。 相似文献
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根据GenBank中的羊传染性脓疱病毒(ORFV)B2L基因序列,设计合成1对引物,通过对PCR条件的优化,敏感性、特异性试验,成功建立了ORFV的PCR检测方法。敏感性与特异性结果显示,最低核酸检测量为1.2 fg/μL,对口蹄疫病毒、山羊痘病毒、丝状支原体山羊亚种的扩增结果均为阴性。同时根据GenBank中的ORFV的CBP基因的序列,设计合成1对特异性引物,以ORFV贵州分离株作为模板,成功克隆出ORFV的CBP基因。同源性分析表明,核苷酸与GenBank中ORFV的CBP基因的核苷酸序列相似性99.4%～88.8%。本研究为ORFV感染的流行病学调查和CBP基因功能研究奠定基础。 相似文献
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Rassnick KM Gieger TL Williams LE Ruslander DM Northrup NC Kristal O Myers NC Moore AS 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2001,15(3):196-199
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks. 相似文献
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Davis MS Willard MD Nelson SL Mandsager RE McKiernan BS Mansell JK Lehenbauer TW 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(3):311-314
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large. 相似文献
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Furosemide continuous rate infusion in the horse: evaluation of enhanced efficacy and reduced side effects 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Johansson AM Gardner SY Levine JF Papich MG LaFevers DH Fuquay LR Reagan VH Atkins CE 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(6):887-895
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses. 相似文献
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Tropical Animal Health and Production - 相似文献
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Waruiru RM Thamsborg SM Nansen P Kyvsgaard NC Bogh HO Munyua WK Gathuma JM 《Tropical animal health and production》2001,33(3):173-187
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round. 相似文献
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The occurrence of ectoparasites in sheep flocks is frequently reported but seldom quantified. Sheep production used to be a predominantly family activity in the state of Sa~o Paulo (Brazil), but it began to become a commercial activity in the past decade. Thus, information about the ectoparasites existing in sheep flocks has become necessary. The present data were obtained by means of questionnaires sent to all sheep breeders belonging to the `Associaça~o Paulista de Criadores de Ovinos' (ASPACO; Sa~o Paulo State Association of Sheep Breeders). Response reliability was tested by means of random visits paid to 10.6% of the respondents. Most of the properties (89.5%) reported the presence of one or more ectoparasites. Screw-worm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) was the most frequent ectoparasite (72.5%), followed by bot fly larvae (Dermatobia hominis, 45.0%), ticks (Amblyomma cajennense) and Boophilus microplus, 31.3%) and finally lice (Damalinia ovis, 13.8%). Combined infestations also occurred, the most common one being screw-worm with bot fly larvae (36.0%) followed by bot fly larvae with ticks (13.9%), screw-worm with ticks (9.3%), bot fly larvae with lice (6.9%), and ticks with lice (5.0%). The most common triple combination was screw-worm, bot fly larvae and ticks (12.8%). Breeds raised for meat or wool were attacked by bot fly larvae and ticks more often than other breeds. Lice were only absent from animals of indigenous breeds. The relationships among these ectoparasites are discussed in terms of sheep breeds, flock size, seasonality and the ectoparasitic combinations on the host. 相似文献
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H Hayashi T Yoshimura J Y Chen 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》1985,8(2):73-87
Our particular attention in this article was given to natural mediators for macrophages isolated from the sites of tissue injury. A number of chemotactic factors, which may satisfy many criteria making them acceptable as inflammatory leucocyte chemotactic factors, has been separated. Among them, our laboratory has isolated three macrophage (monocyte) chemotactic factors (MCF-a, -b and -c). Their purification, characterization and functional specificity are discussed. 相似文献
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Evaluation of biohydrogenation rate of canola vs. soya bean seeds as unsaturated fatty acids sources for ruminants in situ 
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下载免费PDF全文 S. Pashaei T. Ghoorchi A. Yamchi 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2016,100(2):211-216
An experiment was conducted to study disappearance of C14 to C18 fatty acids, lag times and biohydrogenation (BH) rates of C18 fatty acids of ground soya bean and canola seeds in situ. Three ruminally fistulated Dallagh sheep were used to determine ruminal BH of unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs). Differences in the disappearance of fatty acids through the bags and lag times were observed between the oilseeds. We saw that the longer the incubation time of the oilseeds in the rumen, the lower the content of C18:2 and C18:3. Significantly higher lag times for both C18:2 and C18:3 were observed in ground canola compared to ground soya bean. BH rates of C18:2 and C18:3 fatty acids in soya bean were three times higher than those of canola. These results suggest that the fatty acid profile of fat source can affect the BH of UFAs by rumen micro‐organisms. So that UFAs of canola had higher ability to escape from ruminal BH. It seems that fatty acid profile of ruminant products is more affected by canola seed compared to soya bean seed. 相似文献
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Serum biochemical values and the wet weight to dry weight ratios of tissues were determined in yaks in Shandan county of Gansu province. The liver, kidney, heart and muscle contents of seven elements in yaks were also analysed. Most serum biochemical values were similar to those of cattle, camels and sheep, but the calcium concentration was considerably above the normal range for other ruminants. The liver contained the highest concentrations of copper, manganese and cobalt and the kidney of selenium, iron and calcium.Abbreviations Alb
albumin
- ALT
alanine aminotransferase
- AST
aspartate aminotransferase
- BUN
blood urea nitrogen
- Chol
cholesterol
- Glob
globulin
- -GT
-glutamyl transpeptidase
- IP
inorganic phosphorus
- TP
total protein 相似文献