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1.
试验选择健康1日龄商品代AA肉鸡96只，随机分成试验组Ⅰ、Ⅱ和对照组，每组4个重复，每个重复8只，试验期49 d。1～21日龄阶段，试验组Ⅰ、Ⅱ均饲喂基础日粮＋0.1%苜蓿总甙；22～35日龄和36～49日龄阶段，试验组Ⅰ饲喂基础日粮＋0.1%苜蓿总甙，试验组Ⅱ饲喂基础日粮＋0.2%苜蓿总甙。试验结果如下：①添加苜蓿总甙除22～35日龄试验组Ⅰ肉仔鸡采食量有显著差异(P<0.05)外，其他各试验组各阶段生长性能差异均不显著（P>0.05）。②添加苜蓿总甙对不同日龄仔鸡血清和肝脏GSH-Px、SOD和MDA水平有不同程度地影响。  相似文献   

2.
试验旨在研究单宁酸和牛至油混合饲喂对肉仔鸡生长性能、屠宰性能、肉品质和抗氧化指标的影响。选取240只体重相近的1日龄肉仔鸡随机分成4组,每组4个重复,每个重复15只鸡。对照组肉仔鸡饲喂基础日粮,试验Ⅰ组肉仔鸡饲喂基础日粮+1 500 mg/kg的单宁酸,试验Ⅱ组肉仔鸡饲喂基础日粮+1 500 mg/kg的单宁酸+300 mg/kg牛至油,试验Ⅲ组肉仔鸡饲喂基础日粮+1 500 mg/kg单宁酸+500 mg/kg牛至油。预试期7 d,正式试验期21 d。结果显示：与对照组相比,试验Ⅱ组和试验Ⅲ组肉仔鸡的末重、平均日增重显著提高(P<0.05),各试验组肉仔鸡料重比均显著降低(P<0.05);各试验组肉仔鸡的全净膛率均显著升高(P<0.05),试验Ⅲ组肉仔鸡的半净膛率显著升高(P<0.05);各试验组肉仔鸡的腿肌和胸肌的pH45 min值均显著提高(P<0.05),试验Ⅱ组和试验Ⅲ组肉仔鸡的胸肌pH24 h值显著升高(P<0.05);试验Ⅱ组和试验Ⅲ组肉仔鸡的剪切力显著降低(P<0.05)。与对照组相比...  相似文献   

3.
乳酸菌固体发酵制剂对肉仔鸡生产性能和盲肠菌群的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
本试验研究日粮中添加不同水平的同源乳酸杆菌固体发酵制剂对肉仔鸡生长性能和盲肠菌群的影响并确定该菌种的适宜添加量。选用1日龄健康肉仔公雏300只随机分成5组,每组5个重复,每个重复12只鸡。Ⅰ组为对照组,饲喂基础日粮;Ⅱ组饲喂基础日粮+0.01%黄霉素;Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ组为乳酸菌制剂组,分别饲喂基础日粮+0.05%草乳杆菌制剂、基础日粮+0.2%草乳杆菌制剂和基础日粮+1.0%草乳杆菌制剂,试验期为4周。结果表明,日粮中添加1.0%乳酸菌制剂能显著提高1～4周龄肉仔鸡的平均日增重,降低料肉比,且差异显著(P0.05);与Ⅱ组相比,添加1.0%乳酸菌制剂能显著增加盲肠内乳酸菌的数量(P0.05),有效抑制盲肠内大肠杆菌的繁殖(P0.05)。  相似文献   

4.
芽孢杆菌制剂对肉仔鸡生产性能和免疫力的影响   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  
本文旨在研究日粮中添加芽孢杆茵制荆对内仔鸡生产性能和免疫力的影响.选用300只1日龄爱拨益加肉仔鸡.随机分成2组,每组3个重复,每个重复50只鸡.2个处理分别为:基础日粮组(Ⅰ)、基础日粮+0.2%芽孢杆茵制剂组(Ⅱ).试验结果表明:芽孢杆菌制剂提高了肉仔鸡的日增重,在3周龄和4周龄试验组(Ⅱ)与对照组(Ⅰ)相比差异显著(P<0.05),在5周龄和6周龄试验组(Ⅱ)与对照组(I)相比差异极显著(P<0.01);提高了饲料报酬.在3周龄试验组(Ⅱ)与对照组(Ⅰ)相比差异显著(P<0.05),在4～6周龄试验组(Ⅱ)与对照组(Ⅰ)相比差异极显著(P<0.01).肉仔鸡的免疫器官指数、鸡新城疫(NDV)抗体水平与对照组(Ⅰ)相比差异显著.同时也提高了肉仔鸡机体的健康状况.  相似文献   

5.
为探明酸枣仁皂苷对肉仔鸡的抗热应激作用,将225只1日龄AA肉雏仔鸡公母混合随机分成5组,每组3个重复,每重复15只。对照组饲喂基础日粮,处理1～4组在基础饲粮中分别添加0.5,1.0,1.5和2.0 mg/kg的酸枣仁皂苷。1～3周龄采用常规饲养管理,4周龄时开始进行为期1周的(34±1)℃热应激处理。结果:0.5和1.0 mg/kg添加水平极显著提高3周龄肉仔鸡日增重(P<0.01),4个水平的酸枣仁皂苷对热应激肉仔鸡的平均日增重、采食量和饲料转化率均有改善作用,以0.5和1.0 mg/kg添加水平最佳(P<0.01)。饲粮中添加0.5 mg/kg酸枣仁皂苷显著提高热应激肉仔鸡的屠宰率、半净膛率和全净膛率(P<0.05),极显著降低皮下脂肪厚(P<0.01)。酸枣仁皂苷对热应激肉仔鸡的腿比例、腿肌率、胸肌率、腹脂率、腺胃率、肌胃率、脾脏率、十二指肠率、空肠率、回肠率、盲肠率、法氏囊率和胸腺率均无显著影响(P>0.05)。总之,1～3周龄肉仔鸡饲粮中添加酸枣仁皂苷,可提高采食量和日增重;34℃热应激下添加酸枣仁皂苷,可提高平均日增重、采食量和饲料转化率,改善胴体品质;酸枣仁皂苷较理想的添加水平为0.5～1.0 mg/kg。  相似文献   

6.
试验旨在研究日粮中添加复合酶对生长肥育猪生长、胴体性状及部分肉品质的影响。试验选择60头日龄、胎次相近,体重在60 kg左右的杜×大×长三元肉猪,随机分成对照组、复合酶Ⅰ组、复合酶Ⅱ组及阳性对照组,每组15头。试验期为58 d,在相同饲养管理条件下,对照组饲喂基础日粮,复合酶Ⅰ组饲喂基础日粮+1.0‰复合酶,复合酶Ⅱ组饲喂基础日粮+2.0‰复合酶,阳性对照组饲喂基础日粮+0.2‰酶制剂。试验表明:①生长性能方面,复合酶Ⅰ组试末均重(BW)、平均日增重(ADG)显著高于其它各组(P<0.05),料重比(F/G)显著低于其它各组(P<0.05),BW、ADG比对照组分别提高了4.9%、12.45%,F/G降低了11.2%;②胴体性状方面,各组间屠宰率、胴体重、胴体长、皮率及骨率差异不显著(P>0.05);复合酶Ⅰ组的背膘厚显著低于对照组(P<0.05)、瘦肉率显著高于对照组和阳性对照组(P<0.05),皮厚、板油重及肥肉率略低于对照组(P>0.05)),眼肌面积略高于对照组(P>0.05);③肉品质方面,各组间肉的pH值、L*值及a*值差异不显著(P>0.05),但与对照组相比,复合酶Ⅰ组有提高的趋势;复合酶Ⅰ组肉的失水率显著低于对照组(P<0.05),大理石纹评分显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。结果表明,日粮中添加复合酶可改善生长肥育猪的生长性能、胴体性状和肉品质,以1.0‰添加效果最好。  相似文献   

7.
将600只1日龄AA肉仔鸡随机分为3组,对照组(不添加药物)、试验Ⅰ组(添加0.1%复方杨树花素预混剂)和试验Ⅱ组(添加0.5%安普霉素预混剂),饲养21 d,观察复方杨树花素预混剂对肉仔鸡抗病和生产性能的影响。结果显示:日粮中添加0.1%复方杨树花素预混剂能显著提高肉仔鸡的抗病能力(P<0.05),显著提高肉仔鸡日增重(P<0.05),显著降低肉仔鸡料重比(P<0.05),且对肉仔鸡采食无影响(P>0.05)。作为中药饲料预混剂,用复方杨树花素预混剂取代有残留毒性作用的化学合成药物,将会大大促进饲料中草药预混剂在养殖业中的应用与发展。  相似文献   

8.
试验将240只1日龄肉种鸭雌鸭苗作为试验对象,随机分成3组,每组4个重复,对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ组在基础饲粮基础上分别添加5×108、8×108 CFU/kg的0.1%枯草芽孢杆菌,试验期为60 w。结果表明：(1)试验Ⅱ组生长速度极显著提高(P<0.01),料重比显著降低(P<0.05);(2)第10周测量的肉用性能体尺指标,试验Ⅱ组除胸深和胫围无显著差异外(P>0.05),其余指标均差异极显著(P<0.01);(3)繁殖性能方面,与对照组相比较,试验Ⅱ组产蛋前期成活率、产蛋率和只供产蛋数无显著差异(P>0.05),软破蛋率、种蛋合格率、蛋重、受精率、孵化率、健雏率等指标均差异极显著(P<0.01),产蛋后期种蛋合格率、受精率、健雏率指标无显著差异(P>0.05),蛋重指标差异显著(P<0.05),其余指标均为差异极显著(P<0.01)。由此可知,日粮中添加0.1%枯草芽孢杆菌制剂8×108 CFU/kg添加量时,对肉用种母鸭生产性能、体尺和繁殖性能影响效果...  相似文献   

9.
本试验旨在研究不同水平酵母培养物对肉仔鸡生长性能、肠黏膜结构及肠道菌群的影响。选取240只1日龄健康、体重相近的爱拔益加(AA)肉仔鸡,随机分为6个组,每组4个重复,每个重复10只鸡。对照组(Ⅰ组)饲喂基础饲粮,试验组(Ⅱ～Ⅵ组)分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加0.05%、0.10%、0.15%、0.20%和0.25%酵母培养物的试验饲粮。试验期21 d。结果表明:1)Ⅴ、Ⅵ组肉仔鸡平均日增重和平均日采食量均显著高于Ⅰ组(P<0.05),各组料重比差异不显著(P>0.05)。2)Ⅴ组肉仔鸡十二指肠、空肠和回肠绒毛高度及绒毛高度/隐窝深度显著高于Ⅰ组(P<0.05),隐窝深度显著低于Ⅰ组(P<0.05)。3)Ⅴ组空肠、回肠和盲肠大肠杆菌数量显著低于Ⅰ组(P<0.05),乳酸杆菌数量显著高于Ⅰ组(P<0.05),各组双歧杆菌数量差异不显著(P>0.05)。结果提示,酵母培养物可调节肠道菌群和改善肠黏膜结构,进而提高生长性能。本试验条件下,1～21日龄肉仔鸡饲粮酵母培养物的适宜添加水平为0.20%。  相似文献   

10.
通过研究黄曲霉毒素解毒酶制剂(ADTZ)对饲喂含黄曲霉毒素B1(AFB1)日粮的肉仔鸡生长性能及血液生理生化指标影响,探讨其应用效果。选用672只1日龄AA肉仔鸡随机分为3个处理,每处理设8个重复;分别饲喂基础饲粮、基础饲粮+0.1mg/kgAFB1、基础饲粮+0.1mg/kgAFB1+0.2%ADTZ,试验期42d。结果表明:①与对照组相比,AFB1组平均日增重显著降低(P<0.05),料重比显著提高(P<0.05),日采食量呈下降趋势(P>0.1);ADTZ组生长性能得到改善,与AFB1组相比,日采食量和日增重均显著提高(P<0.05),料重比呈下降趋势(P>0.1);②AFB1组肉仔鸡血清中天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)活性显著提高(P<0.05),丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)活性提高了13.64%(P=0.094);与AFB1组相比较,ADTZ组血清中AST活性降低了6.46%(P=0.066),ALT活性呈降低趋势(P>0.1)。③各处理对对血清中生长激素、甲状腺激素T3和T4、胰岛素样生长因子-Ⅰ和胰岛素含量影响均不显著(P>0.1)。  相似文献   

11.
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks.  相似文献   

12.
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large.  相似文献   

13.
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses.  相似文献   

14.
Tropical Animal Health and Production -  相似文献   

15.
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round.  相似文献   

16.
The occurrence of ectoparasites in sheep flocks is frequently reported but seldom quantified. Sheep production used to be a predominantly family activity in the state of Sa~o Paulo (Brazil), but it began to become a commercial activity in the past decade. Thus, information about the ectoparasites existing in sheep flocks has become necessary. The present data were obtained by means of questionnaires sent to all sheep breeders belonging to the `Associaça~o Paulista de Criadores de Ovinos' (ASPACO; Sa~o Paulo State Association of Sheep Breeders). Response reliability was tested by means of random visits paid to 10.6% of the respondents. Most of the properties (89.5%) reported the presence of one or more ectoparasites. Screw-worm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) was the most frequent ectoparasite (72.5%), followed by bot fly larvae (Dermatobia hominis, 45.0%), ticks (Amblyomma cajennense) and Boophilus microplus, 31.3%) and finally lice (Damalinia ovis, 13.8%). Combined infestations also occurred, the most common one being screw-worm with bot fly larvae (36.0%) followed by bot fly larvae with ticks (13.9%), screw-worm with ticks (9.3%), bot fly larvae with lice (6.9%), and ticks with lice (5.0%). The most common triple combination was screw-worm, bot fly larvae and ticks (12.8%). Breeds raised for meat or wool were attacked by bot fly larvae and ticks more often than other breeds. Lice were only absent from animals of indigenous breeds. The relationships among these ectoparasites are discussed in terms of sheep breeds, flock size, seasonality and the ectoparasitic combinations on the host.  相似文献   

17.
Our particular attention in this article was given to natural mediators for macrophages isolated from the sites of tissue injury. A number of chemotactic factors, which may satisfy many criteria making them acceptable as inflammatory leucocyte chemotactic factors, has been separated. Among them, our laboratory has isolated three macrophage (monocyte) chemotactic factors (MCF-a, -b and -c). Their purification, characterization and functional specificity are discussed.  相似文献   

18.
Comparison of different tests to diagnose feline infectious peritonitis   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
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19.
An experiment was conducted to study disappearance of C14 to C18 fatty acids, lag times and biohydrogenation (BH) rates of C18 fatty acids of ground soya bean and canola seeds in situ. Three ruminally fistulated Dallagh sheep were used to determine ruminal BH of unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs). Differences in the disappearance of fatty acids through the bags and lag times were observed between the oilseeds. We saw that the longer the incubation time of the oilseeds in the rumen, the lower the content of C18:2 and C18:3. Significantly higher lag times for both C18:2 and C18:3 were observed in ground canola compared to ground soya bean. BH rates of C18:2 and C18:3 fatty acids in soya bean were three times higher than those of canola. These results suggest that the fatty acid profile of fat source can affect the BH of UFAs by rumen micro‐organisms. So that UFAs of canola had higher ability to escape from ruminal BH. It seems that fatty acid profile of ruminant products is more affected by canola seed compared to soya bean seed.  相似文献   

20.
Serum biochemical values and the wet weight to dry weight ratios of tissues were determined in yaks in Shandan county of Gansu province. The liver, kidney, heart and muscle contents of seven elements in yaks were also analysed. Most serum biochemical values were similar to those of cattle, camels and sheep, but the calcium concentration was considerably above the normal range for other ruminants. The liver contained the highest concentrations of copper, manganese and cobalt and the kidney of selenium, iron and calcium.Abbreviations Alb albumin - ALT alanine aminotransferase - AST aspartate aminotransferase - BUN blood urea nitrogen - Chol cholesterol - Glob globulin - -GT -glutamyl transpeptidase - IP inorganic phosphorus - TP total protein  相似文献   

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