首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 62 毫秒
1.
依据兽药研究技术指导原则,开展"北芪五加颗粒"对靶动物鸡的安全性研究,为其临床应用的安全性提供数据资料。按照"北芪五加颗粒"临床推荐剂量的1、3、5倍饮水给药,连续7 d,用药前后,逐只称重。试验结束后采集血液和组织器官,进行血常规、血液生化指标、脏器指数及病理组织学观察。结果表明:与对照组相比,各给药组鸡只的体重、血常规、血液生化及脏器指数等指标差异均不显著(P>0.05),各组织器官未见明显的病理组织学变化。说明"北芪五加颗粒"饮水给药对靶动物鸡是安全的。  相似文献   

2.
为了评价黄连解毒颗粒对靶动物鸡的安全性,将80只黄羽肉鸡随机分为四组,每组20只。分别添加1、3和5倍推荐剂量(3g /L、9g /L、15g /L) 的黄连解毒颗粒,连续饮水给药7天,同时设置空白对照组。试验期间观察记录各组鸡的精神、饮食、粪便情况与试验前后的体重变化,测定给药前、给药第7天及停药后第7天各组鸡的血液生理生化指标,同时在停药第7天进行剖检,测定脏器指数,观察病理及组织学变化。结果显示,黄连解毒颗粒各剂量组鸡的临床体征均正常。与空白对照组相比,给药第7天及停药第7天各给药剂量组血液生化指标,仅丙氨酸转氨酶显著降低(P＜0.05),血常规指标变化在正常范围内,1倍剂量组胸腺指数显著升高(P＜0.05),其他各项指标均无显著性变化(P＞0.05)。解剖5倍剂量组,肉眼及组织学观察心脏、肝脏、脾脏、肺脏、肾脏、法氏囊均未发生病变。结果表明,黄连解毒颗粒在5倍(15g/L)剂量范围内使用是安全的。  相似文献   

3.
为了考察竹叶黄酮颗粒对靶动物肉鸡的安全性,选用200只7日龄AA肉鸡,按平均体质量随机分为5个处理组,每个处理组40只,分为4个重复,每个重复10只。对照组饮自来水,试验组分别以1、3、5、10倍推荐剂量的竹叶黄酮颗粒连续饮水给药7d。给药后对临床症状、血液学和血液生化指标、主要器官指数及病理组织学变化等进行观察和检测。结果表明试验组肉鸡精神状态良好、采食饮水无异常。与对照组比较3倍剂量组在7d和7d后显著增重(P0.05),各组死亡率无显著差异(P0.05)。饮水中添加竹叶黄酮颗粒对肉鸡大部分血液生理指标和生化指标无显著影响(P0.05),但给药7d时5倍剂量组红细胞总数显著增加(P0.05);停药7d时,3倍剂量组白细胞总数显著增加(P0.05)。给药7d时,3倍剂量组超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性显著提高(P0.05);3、5倍剂量组的丙二醛(MDA)浓度显著降低(P0.05)。停药后7d,3倍剂量组肉鸡脾脏、法氏囊指数有显著提高(P0.05),5倍剂量组法氏囊指数有显著提高(P0.05)外,试验组对其他器官指数无显著影响(P0.05)。另外,停药7d后肉鸡的各重要器官均未观察到组织病理学变化。以上表明,竹叶黄酮毒性较小,在鸡体内耐受性高,至多以10倍推荐剂量饮水给药对靶动物肉鸡是安全的。  相似文献   

4.
依据兽药研究技术指导原则,开展银翘蓝芩口服液对靶动物鸡的安全性研究,为其临床应用的安全性提供数据资料。按银翘蓝芩口服液临床推荐剂量的1、3、5倍连续饮水给药7d,给药前后,逐只称重。试验结束后采集血液和组织器官,进行血常规、血液生化指标、脏器指数及病理组织学观察。结果表明,与对照组相比,各给药组鸡只的体重、血常规、血液生化及脏器指数等指标差异均不显著(P0.05),各组织器官未见明显的病理组织学变化。说明银翘蓝芩口服液饮水给药对靶动物鸡是安全的。  相似文献   

5.
为评价亚甲基水杨酸杆菌肽可溶性粉对靶动物兔用药的安全性,32只健康成年新西兰兔随机分为4组,每组8只（公母各半）。试验采用多剂量水平给药进行靶动物安全性研究,其中受试药物分别设1倍推荐剂量组（6 mg/kg/d）、3倍推荐剂量组（18 mg/kg/d）和5倍推荐剂量组（30 mg/kg/d）,另设一空白对照组。受试药经混饮给药,连用21 d。用药期间通过观察一般临床表现、体重和摄食量变化,血液学和血液相关生化指标的检测以及大体和组织病理学检查,确定受试药的靶动物安全性。结果表明,试验期间所有受试动物均存活,对照组和受试药组临床表现均正常,病理剖解主要脏器无明显眼观病理变化。与对照组相比,亚甲基水杨酸杆菌肽可溶性粉按推荐剂量给药对兔的生长性能有正性作用;3倍和5倍剂量组促进作用不明显。在血液生理指标及生化指标方面,各试验组之间无显著性差异。剖检后对主要脏器进行大体和显微病理学检查未见明显病变,个别高剂量组中的兔肝组织出现部分肝细胞肿胀现象。靶动物安全性实验结果表明,亚甲基水杨酸杆菌肽可溶性粉按推荐剂量连续给药21 d具有较大的安全性。  相似文献   

6.
为了探讨板芩桔甘合剂对靶动物鸡的安全性,为其在临床应用提供数据资料,试验将60只健康的三黄鸡分为空白对照组、板芩桔甘合剂1倍推荐剂量组、3倍剂量组、5倍剂量组,每组15只,饮水给药,连用5 d,给药前后逐只称重。给药前、给药第3天、给药第5天采集血液,进行血常规、血液生化指标检测,末次给药后采集脏器,进行脏器指数的测定及病理组织学观察。结果表明:板芩桔甘合剂1,3,5倍剂量组鸡的料重比降低,与空白对照组比差异显著(P0.05);与空白对照组比,除天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)外,各给药组鸡的血常规、血液生化指标及脏器指数等均差异不显著(P≥0.05),各器官未见明显的病理组织学变化。说明板芩桔甘合剂对靶动物鸡是安全的,且在1～5倍剂量之间均属于安全剂量范围。  相似文献   

7.
为评价10%磷酸替米考星可溶性粉对靶动物鸡的安全性,本试验选择40只25日龄健康白羽杂交肉鸡,随机分为4组,每组10只,公母各半。各组分别以0（0 mg/L）、1（75 mg/L,以替米考星计）、3（225 mg/L,以替米考星计）和5（375 mg/L,以替米考星计）倍推荐剂量的10%磷酸替米考星可溶性粉混饮给药,连用9 d。试验期间观察鸡的临床表现、体重变化和饲料消耗,试验结束后进行病理学检查,并测定血液生理指标和血清相关生化指标的变化。结果显示,10%磷酸替米考星可溶性粉在本试验条件下以5倍以下剂量饮水给药对鸡的生长性能无显著影响（P>0.05）,在血液生理指标及血清生化指标方面,不具有剂量依赖性的显著变化（P>0.05）。该试验结果表明,10%磷酸替米考星可溶性粉按推荐剂量（75 mg/L）饮水给药对靶动物鸡具有较大的安全性。  相似文献   

8.
为研究卡洛芬注射液对靶动物奶牛的安全性,将20头健康奶牛随机分为4组,每组5头,各组试验奶牛分别按0、1倍推荐剂量（1.4mg/kg B.W.）、3倍推荐剂量（4.2mg/kg B.W.）、5倍推荐剂量（7.0mg/kg B.W.）单剂量皮下注射卡洛芬注射液,连续给药3d。试验期间观察记录各组奶牛的饮食、精神、粪便情况及试验前后的体重变化,测定给药前、给药后第1d及给药后第3d各组奶牛的血液生理生化指标,同时在给药后第3d进行剖检,测定脏器指数,观察病理及组织学变化。结果显示,卡洛芬注射液各剂量组奶牛的临床体征、血液生理生化指标、剖检及组织显微结构等均未见明显异常,未出现中毒症状及死亡。与对照组相比,3倍剂量组和5倍剂量组血液生理指标中血小板平均宽度差异显著（P＜0.05）,5倍剂量组血液生化指标白蛋白数量明显增加（P＜0.05）,但所有指标均在正常范围内波动。结果表明,卡洛芬注射液在临床上推荐以1.4mg/kg B.W.给药对靶动物奶牛是安全的。  相似文献   

9.
探讨海藻多糖可溶性粉对靶动物猪的安全性评价,为临床应用提供科学依据。将50头仔猪随机分为空白对照组和4个试验剂量组,试验剂量组分别按照海藻多糖临床推荐剂量(200 mg/kg饲料)的1、3、5、10倍量给药,连续给药7 d,于试验前和试验结束后分别称量试验猪体重,并在给药第7天和第14天采血进行血常规和血液生化指标检测。结果显示,与空白对照组相比,海藻多糖可溶性粉1、3倍剂量组均可显著提高仔猪体重(P0.05)。用药第7天和第14天后,虽然海藻多糖可溶性粉试验剂量组血常规和血液生化结果与空白对照组相比以及组间比较时,或有显著的升高与降低,但均在猪血液生理生化指标的正常范围之内。除此之外,各试验组仔猪精神状态良好、饮食正常,无不良症状出现。表明海藻多糖可溶性粉在临床推荐剂量的1倍～10倍内使用,未出现毒性反应,对靶动物猪是安全的。  相似文献   

10.
研究了五加芪粉对鸡免疫新流二联灭活苗后免疫功能的影响。180只20日龄鸡随机分为6组,每组30只,分别为五加芪粉高、中、低剂量组、阳性药物对照组、免疫对照组、空白对照组。于免疫后第10、17、24、31和38天检测血清中新城疫抗体水平、禽流感抗体水平、IL-2含量,并于免疫后第38天检测免疫器官指数。结果表明,0.2、0.5 g/L的五加芪粉组与免疫对照组相比,显著或极显著的提高了新城疫(ND)和禽流感(AI)抗体水平(P0.05,P0.01)。不同剂量的五加芪粉组和紫锥菊末组与免疫对照组相比,显著或极显著的提高了法氏囊指数、脾脏指数和胸腺指数(P0.05,P0.01)。免疫给药后第31天,0.2、0.5、1 g/L的五加芪粉组、紫锥菊末组与免疫对照组相比,显著或极显著的提高了IL-2的水平(P0.05,P0.01),以上实验结果初步表明五加芪粉可以提高鸡免疫新流二联灭活疫苗免疫效果,增强机体的免疫力。  相似文献   

11.
试验选用96头平均体重14.82 kg左右的杜×长×大断奶仔猪,随机分成4组,每组3栏,每栏8头(公母各半)。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1、2、3组分别添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖和1%微米白术。试验期30 d。结果表明:在生长性能方面,与对照组相比,1%微米白术添加组可显著提高日增重(P0.05)、降低饲料增重比和腹泻率,而且效果优于1%80目白术组和0.2%白术多糖组,在肠道形态和肠道微生态区系方面,与对照组相比,日粮添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖、1%微米白术均可不同程度的提高十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度,加深十二指肠和空肠的隐窝深度,并且增加肠道微生态区系的多样性,其中以1%微米白术添加组的效果最佳。  相似文献   

12.
Sissay, M.M., Uggla, A. and Waller, P.J., XXXX. Prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, XXXX. A 2-year abattoir survey was carried out to determine the prevalence, abundance and seasonal incidence of gastro-intestinal (GI) nematodes and trematodes (flukes) of sheep and goats in the semi-arid zone of eastern Ethiopia. During May 2003 to April 2005, viscera including liver, lungs and GI tracts were collected from 655 sheep and 632 goats slaughtered at 4 abattoirs located in the towns of Haramaya, Harar, Dire Dawa and Jijiga in eastern Ethiopia. All animals were raised in the farming areas located within the community boundaries for each town. Collected materials were transported within 24 h to the parasitology laboratory of Haramaya University for immediate processing. Thirteen species belonging to 9 genera of GI nematodes (Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, T. vitrinus, Nematodirus filicollis, N. spathiger, Oesophagostomum columbianum, O. venulosum, Strongyloides papillosus, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Trichuris ovis, Cooperia curticei and Chabertia ovina), and 4 species belonging to 3 genera of trematodes (Fasciola hepatica, F. gigantica, Paramphistomum {Calicohoron} microbothrium and Dicrocoelium dendriticum) were recorded in both sheep and goats. All animals in this investigation were infected with multiple species to varying degrees. The mean burdens of adult nematodes were generally moderate in both sheep and goats and showed patterns of seasonal abundance that corresponded with the bi-modal annual rainfall pattern, with highest burdens around the middle of the rainy season. In both sheep and goats there were significant differences in the mean worm burdens and abundance of the different nematode species between the four geographic locations, with worm burdens in the Haramaya and Harar areas greater than those observed in the Dire Dawa and Jijiga locations. Similar seasonal variations were also observed in the prevalence of flukes. But there were no significant differences in the prevalence of each fluke species between the four locations. Overall, the results showed that Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus, Oesophagostomum, Fasciola and Paramphistomum species were the most abundant helminth parasites of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia.  相似文献   

13.
Tropical Animal Health and Production -  相似文献   

14.
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks.  相似文献   

15.
Our particular attention in this article was given to natural mediators for macrophages isolated from the sites of tissue injury. A number of chemotactic factors, which may satisfy many criteria making them acceptable as inflammatory leucocyte chemotactic factors, has been separated. Among them, our laboratory has isolated three macrophage (monocyte) chemotactic factors (MCF-a, -b and -c). Their purification, characterization and functional specificity are discussed.  相似文献   

16.
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large.  相似文献   

17.
Genetic variations in chromosome Y are enabling researchers to identify paternal lineages, which are informative for introgressions and migrations. In this study, the male‐specific region markers, sex‐determining region‐Y (SRY), amelogenin (AMELY) and zinc finger (ZFY) were analysed in seven Turkish native goat breeds, Angora, Kilis, Hair, Honaml?, Norduz, Gürcü and Abaza. A SNP in the ZFY gene defined a new haplotype Y2C. All domestic haplogroups originate from Capra aegagrus, while the finding of Y1A, Y1B, Y2A and Y2C in 32, 4, 126 and 2 Turkish domestic goats, respectively, appears to indicate a predomestic origin of the major haplotypes. The occurrence of four haplotypes in the Hair goat and, in contrast, a frequency of 96% of Y1A in the Kilis breed illustrate that Y‐chromosomal variants have a more breed‐dependent distribution than mitochondrial or autosomal DNA. This probably reflects male founder effects, but a role in adaptation cannot be excluded.  相似文献   

18.
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses.  相似文献   

19.
The objective of this report was to characterize 20-year changes in proportion of calcium oxalate (CaOx) calculi and struvite calculi in dogs, and associations with breed, age, and sex. In this retrospective study, results of analysis of urinary calculi from dogs were reviewed for specimens received between July 1, 1981, and December 31, 2001. Breed, sex, age, year of submission of the specimen, and mineral type(s) were analyzed statistically. CaOx or Struvite or both were contained in 18,966 of 20,884 (91%) specimens. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant increase was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained CaOx. The increase in this proportion was greater in females (1% to 31%) than in males (18% to 82%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions may have plateaued, the odds of specimens containing CaOx were markedly higher in 18 breeds, markedly lower in 5 breeds, and not significantly different in 13 breeds compared with crossbreds. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant decrease was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained struvite. This decrease in proportion was greater for males (79-16%) than for females (97-68%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions plateaued, the odds of calculi containing struvite were markedly lower in 20 breeds, markedly higher in 1 breed, and not significantly different in 15 breeds when compared with crossbreds. Breed, age, and sex were associated statistically with CaOx or struvite urolithiasis. In conclusion, there appears to have been a long-term increase in the proportion of specimens of canine urinary calculi that contain CaOx as well as a long-term decrease in the proportion of specimens of calculi that contain struvite for both male and female dogs. The rate of change appeared to begin leveling off in the period 1998 to 2001. The recent proportion of dogs with either CaOx- or struvite-associated urolithiasis may depend on breed, age, and sex, and on interactions among these 3 factors.  相似文献   

20.
<正>1.INTRODUCTION Ensuring transportation network security is one Of the most daunting challenges confronting homeland security agencies today.Significant research has been dedicated.To model and analyze the vulnerability of transportation systems,while notably fewer studies propose specific strategies for deploying defensive technologies to safeguard these systems.  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号