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为探讨钙蛋白酶抑制蛋白(Calpastatin,CAST)基因作为影响鸡肉质性状候选基因的可能性,本研究以8个优质鸡新品系为试验材料,采用PCR-SSCP方法对CAST基因的部分编码区进行单核苷酸多态性(SNPs)检测。结果发现了CAST基因1个多态性位点(G→T),使试验鸡群表现出AA、BB和AB这3种基因型。利用SAS(8.01)软件统计分析了3种基因型与优质鸡肉质性状的相关性,结果表明,CAST基因的多态性对鸡肌内脂肪含量、肌纤维密度和直径有显著的影响(P0.05),对其他肉质性状无显著影响(P0.05);推测CAST基因可能对鸡肉质性状具有很大的影响或与控制肉质性状的主基因连锁。 相似文献
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鸡GDF-5基因外显子1多态性与鸡骨骼发育性状的相关研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
根据GenBank发表的鸡GDF-5基因的mRNA序列设计引物，以白耳鸡和东北农业大学选育的肉鸡高、低腹脂系第8世代鸡群为试验材料，通过测序和PCR-SSCP的方法进行SNP检测和基因型分析，探讨GDF5基因多态性与鸡生长和骨骼发育性状之间的关系。结果发现在GDF-5基因外显子1的84bp处存在1个C／T的突变位点，对该突变位点在研究群体中进行基因型分析，结果产生3种基因型，AA型个体的基因序列和GenBank（Accession No：AF123389）中的一致为C，而BB型个体的基因序列在84bp处突变为T。基因型与鸡体组成性状的统计分析结果表明，AA基因型个体的跖骨围显著高于AB基因型个体（P〈0．05）；AA基因型和AB基因型个体的跖爪重和跖爪率显著高于BB基因型个体（P〈0．05）；AB基因型个体的股骨长和股骨重显著高于BB基因型个体（P＜0．05）；表明该基因对鸡的骨骼性状有较大的影响或与控制骨骼发育性状的主效基因相连锁。 相似文献
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湘西黄牛的H—FABP基因对大理石花纹和肌内脂肪含量相关性分析 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
[目的]为了研究H—FABP基因多态型与湘西黄牛大理石花纹和肌肉脂肪含量的相关关系。[方法]本试验选用肉质候选基因H—FABP,利用DNA测序和PCR—SSCP技术,对H—FABP基因多态性与湘西黄牛肉肌内脂肪含量和大理石纹的影响做了初步的探讨。[结果]表明：研究的牛群中存在H—FABP基因的多态性分布,其中AA型的大理石花纹要显著高于AB型和BB型（P〈0．01）,AB型和BB型间差异不显著（P〉0．05）;AA型肌内脂肪含量要显著高于AB型和BB型（P〈0．01）．AB型和BB型间也存在显著差异（P〈0．01）。[结论]H—FABP基因的多态性与湘西黄牛的牛肉肌内脂肪含量和大理石花纹间存在显著的相关性。 相似文献
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籽鹅GH基因内含子3多态性及其与体重和屠体性状的关联分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
根据鸭生长激素基因内含子3的序列设计引物，利用PCR—SSCP方法对籽鹅进行了单核苷酸多态性分析，并检测其多态性。结果表明，籽鹅生长激素基因内含子3长约364bp，共发现了7个突变位点，分别为A160G、C167G、T264C突变，以及AA型个体在176、177位点G、A碱基缺失和BB型个体在231、232位点C、T碱基缺失。产生AA、AB和BB3种基因型，其中BB基因型为优势基因型，且基因型频率表现为BB〉AB〉AA；卡方检验结果表明，基因型分布符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡（P〉0．05）。不同基因型与体重和屠体性状的关联分析结果表明：BB基因型个体的7周龄体重、9周龄体重、10周龄体重、胸肌重、胸肌率及心脏重显著高于AA型个体（P〈0．05）；BB基因型个体8周龄体重显著高于AB型个体（P〈0O．05）；在所分析的性状中，BB基因型个体的均值最大，AB型次之，AA型最小。 相似文献
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鸡MHC-B-F基因外显子3PCR-RFLP-Tas Ⅰ的多态分布 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
研究利用PCR—RFLP方法检测了MHC-B—F基因外显子3 TasⅠ位点不同基因型在9个鸡品种计235个个体中的分布情况。结果表明MHC—B—F基因外显子3 TasⅠ位点中存在3种基因型，命名为AA、AB、BB。它们在不同品种中的分布各异，AA基因型在杏花鸡、灵山香鸡、丝羽乌骨鸡中的频率显著甚至极显著地高于其它品种（P〈0．05 or P〈0．01），AB基因型在来航鸡与隐性白洛克中的频率相当低（P〈0．05 or P〈0.01），BB基因型在隐性白洛克中的分布频率则极显著地高于其它8个品种（P〈0．01）。 相似文献
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研究运用PCR—SSCP法分析文昌鸡FSHβ基N5’端的多态性，并探讨多态性与早期产蛋性状的相关性。结果表明，文昌鸡FSHβ基因的5’端检测到3种基因型；BB型开产日龄（114．50d）早于AA（121．43d）和AB（118．29d）型，且BB型42周产蛋量（143．25个）显著（P〈0．05）高于AA（127．95个）和AB（128．81个）型。表明FSHβ可以作为文昌鸡早期产蛋量分子标记。 相似文献
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以明星肉鸡和丝毛乌骨鸡杂交产生的F2资源群体为试验材料，根据鸡载脂蛋白AI（Apo-AI）基因的5’端序列设计引物，采用测序和PCR—SSCP方法进行SNP检测和基因型分析，探讨Apo-AI基因多态性与鸡生长和体组成性状之间的关系。研究发现在Apo-AI基因序列起始密码子ATG上游163bp处存在一个A／T突变。该突变产生的不同基因型与鸡生长和体组成性状进行的统计分析结果表明，BB基因型个体的1、2周龄体质量显著高于AA和AB基因型个体的相应体质量（P〈0．05）；BB基因型个体腹脂质量显著高于AA基因型个体的腹脂质量（P〈0．05）；BB和AB基因型个体的腹脂率显著高：于AA基因型个体的腹脂率（P〈0．05）。可以尝试将Apo-AI基因应用于鸡生长和腹脂性状的分子标记辅助选择育种方案中。 相似文献
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为研究草原红牛二酞甘油酞基转移酶2（DGAT2）的多态性及与泌乳性状相关性,采用PCR-RFLP方法检测DGAT2基因的遗传多态性。结果检测到AA、AB和BB 3种基因型,统计分析表明该多态位点与草原红牛乳中脂肪和干物质含量呈显著相关,脂肪：AA型极显著高于AB型和BB型（P〈0.01）,AB型和BB型之间差异不显著（P〉0.05）;干物质：AA型显著高于AB型（P〈0.05）,极显著高于BB型（P〈0.01）,而AB型又显著高于BB型（P〈0.05）;其他泌乳性状的基因型间差异不显著（P〉0.05）。此结果提示,DGAT2基因对草原红牛乳中脂肪和干物质含量具有较大的遗传效应,可以初步推断DGAT2是控制这些性状的众多基因之一,可能是影响草原红牛乳中脂肪和干物质含量的一个主效基因或与主效基因相连锁,可作为选育草原红牛低脂及高干物质奶牛的分子标记,用于标记辅助选择意义重大。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献
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乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物.本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制.乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道.文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制. 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献