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以香蕉果实为试验材料，探究苯乳酸处理对香蕉果实贮藏期间品质的影响。采用0.6%苯乳酸对香蕉果实进行浸泡处理，以清水浸泡为对照，将果实置于23 ℃、相对湿度85%的环境中贮藏，定期（每2 d）测定果皮色度、果实硬度、可溶性固形物含量及乙烯释放量等指标，并观察记录果实腐烂率变化和发病情况。结果表明：随着贮藏时间的延长，苯乳酸处理能够有效抑制香蕉果实贮藏期间的乙烯释放量，并较好地保持果实的硬度和色度，减缓可溶性固形物含量的积累，同时有效减轻香蕉果实腐烂率和病情指数的上升。可见，苯乳酸处理能够有效延缓香蕉果实的后熟衰老进程，减轻香蕉果实的腐烂并保持香蕉果实的品质，对延长香蕉果实货架期具有重要作用。 相似文献
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分别采用普鲁兰多糖(1.5％、2.0％、2.5％)、谷胱甘肽(0.2％、0.3％、0.4％)、纳他霉素(0.02％、0.03％、0.04％)、柠檬酸(3％、4％、5％)4种保鲜剂溶液对圣女果进行处理,通过考察果实硬度、失重率、VC含量、腐烂率、可溶性固形物含量的变化以及感官评分的差异,判断不同保鲜剂对圣女果的保鲜效果.结果表明:2.5％普鲁兰多糖溶液对降低果实失重率、腐烂率和保持VC含量具有较好的效果;0.4％谷胱甘肽溶液对保持果实硬度及降低失重率具有较好的效果;0.03％纳他霉素溶液对保持果实硬度、VC及可溶性固形物含量,降低腐烂率具有较好的效果;3％柠檬酸溶液对保持果实硬度和可溶性固形物含量,降低腐烂率具有较好的效果.总体来看,各浓度组保鲜剂在保持圣女果果实硬度和可溶性固形物含量,减少水分及VC流失,降低腐烂率上均具有一定的效果,可以有效延长圣女果货架期. 相似文献
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《农产品加工．学刊》2021,(19)
为实现天津卫青萝卜内部品质的快速无损检测,以天津卫青萝卜为试验对象,对其进行近红外光谱采集,并对其可溶性固形物、水分、糠心3个品质指标进行检测,根据光谱数据、品质指标构建偏最小二乘判别分析(PLS-DA)模型进行聚类判别。结果表明,经MA平滑处理后的样本光谱,在波长700～750 nm,900～950 nm范围内,样本的吸光度值范围较宽,因此选择在波长700～950 nm范围的光谱数据进行建模。卫青萝卜水分含量、可溶性固形物含量的平均值±样本标准差(x±s)分别为92.02%±0.01%,7.61±0.69°Brix。偏最小二乘法建立的模型具有良好的预测性,卫青萝卜可溶性固形物预测值和真实值的决定系数R2为0.823 6,水分含量R2为0.874 0,糠心模型准确率高达94.44%。由此可见,近红外光谱技术对天津卫青萝卜内部品质的快速无损检测具有可行性。 相似文献
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L-半胱氨酸盐酸盐处理延缓香蕉果实采后成熟的初步研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以"巴西"香蕉为试材,利用0.05%的外源L-半胱氨酸盐酸盐处理,测定常温(24±1)℃贮藏过程中果实硬度、色差、可溶性糖含量及多酚氧化酶(PPO)、过氧化物酶(POD)和果胶裂解酶(PL)活性,初步探索L-半胱氨酸盐酸盐处理延缓香蕉果实成熟的机理。结果表明:0.05%L-半胱氨酸盐酸盐处理能够延缓香蕉果实硬度和果皮H值的下降,并减缓果皮L值和C值以及果肉可溶性糖含量的上升,从而保持贮藏品质;同时,通过抑制果皮PPO和POD活性减缓在贮藏后期的褐变,并抑制果肉PL活性推迟香蕉软化进程。因此,0.05%L-半胱氨酸盐酸盐处理可延缓香蕉果实常温贮藏的成熟进程,具有一定的应用价值。 相似文献
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通过对香蕉进行乙烯利催熟,研究在温度15℃,相对湿度90%的条件下,香蕉果实在催熟过程中品质的变化规律。结果表明,可溶性固形物含量与淀粉含量的变化趋势相反,在催熟过程中淀粉很快发生水解转化为可溶性糖,使可溶性固形物含量迅速升高,VC含量与硬度变化呈下降趋势,过氧化物酶活性、果胶酶活性、乙烯释放量、呼吸强度的变化趋势相似,呈先升高再下降的变化趋势。 相似文献
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研究乙烯利对室温15℃下市售猕猴桃催熟过程中品质的影响。乙烯利质量分数采用50,100,200 mg/kg,测定果实的硬度、VC含量、可溶性固形物含量、呼吸强度、可滴定酸含量。结果表明,不同质量分数乙烯利处理的猕猴桃果实硬度下降比对照快,且质量分数越大,硬度下降越快;可溶性固形物含量比对照高,且处理质量分数越大,可溶性固形物含量上升越快;VC含量在末期比对照高;可滴定酸含量低于对照,且处理质量分数越大,果实可滴定酸下降越快;呼吸强度均高于对照,使呼吸跃变提前,且处理质量分数越大,呼吸强度峰值越大。 相似文献
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壳聚糖涂膜保鲜对香蕉贮藏的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过测定失质量率、硬度、可溶性固形物含量以及可滴定酸含量,研究香蕉在壳聚糖涂膜、保鲜膜包装、壳聚糖涂膜+保鲜膜包装等情况下贮藏的性能,并设置对照试验。结果表明,在壳聚糖涂膜+保鲜膜包装情况下的香蕉,其失质量率和可溶性固形物含量均较低、硬度和可滴定酸含量均较高,更有利于香蕉的贮藏。此外,1%的壳聚糖溶液对香蕉的保鲜效果最好。 相似文献
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南丰蜜橘可溶性固形物近红外光检测研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用可见近红外光谱检测技术,对南丰蜜橘可溶性固形物含量的无损检测进行了相关研究。在350￣1800nm波段,应用偏最小二乘法对经过预处理的光谱进行建模分析。对89个建模样品的建模结果是,建模相关系数和均方差分别为0.955和0.018%;对30个未参与建模样品预测结果是,预测相关系数为0.946,均方差为0.018%。从实验结果可知,可见近红外光谱检测技术对南丰蜜橘可溶性固形物含量的无损检测是可行的。 相似文献
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Jens Jensen 《Euphytica》1979,28(1):47-56
Summary The high-lysine gene in Risø mutant 1508 conditions an increased lysine content in the endosperm via a changed protein composition, a decreased seed size, and several other characters of the seed. The designation lys3a, lys3b, and lys3c, is proposed for the allelic high-lysine genes in three Risø mutants, nos 1508, 18, and 19. Linkage studies with translocations locate the lys3 locus in the centromere region of chromosome 7. A linkage study involving the loci lys3 and ddt (resistance to DDT) together with the marker loci fs (fragile stem), s (short rachilla hairs), and r (smooth awn) show that the order of the five loci on chromosome 7 from the long to the short chromosome arm is r, s, fs, lys3, ddt. The distance from locus r to locus ddt is about 100 centimorgans. 相似文献
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G. H. Kroon 《Euphytica》1994,76(1-2):125-125
Summary
K x vadensis is a hybrid of K. blossfeldiana and K. marmorata obtained after doubling the number of chromosomes. 相似文献
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Hongyan WEI Jian ZHOU Jinguang LU Jingzheng SONG Qiongxi YU Zhihong JIANG 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):27-29
[Objectives]This study aimed to establish a QAMS(quantitative analysis of multi-components by single-marker)method for simultaneous determination of four phenol... 相似文献
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Summary Avoidance of rust fungi that was based on poor appressorium induction was previously found in Hordeum chilense. In the present study 95 accessions of Triticeae were screened for avoidance of Puccinia hordei. The percentage of appressorium formation per germinated spore ranged from 6 to 90%. On none of the 41 accessions of Aegilops, Agropyron, Elymus, Secale, Thinopyrum or Triticum studied was the rate of appressorium formation lower than 25%. Lower rates of appressorium formation were, however, found on accessions of wild barley species Hordeum brachyantherum, H. marinum, H. parodii and H. secalinum. Its implications in cereal breeding are discussed. 相似文献
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D. A. Bond G. J. Jellis G. G. Rowland J. Le Guen L. D. Robertson S. A. Khalil L. Li-Juan 《Euphytica》1993,73(1-2):151-166
Progress is being made, mainly by ICARDA but also elsewhere, in breeding for resistance to Botrytis, AScochyta, Uromyces, and Orobanche; and some lines have resistance to more than one pathogen. The strategy is to extend multiple resistance but also to seek new and durable forms of resistance. Internationally coordinated programs are needed to maintain the momentum of this work.Tolerance of abiotic stresses leads to types suited to dry or cold environments rather than broad adaptability, but in this cross-pollinated species, the more hybrid vigor expressed by a cultivar, the more it is likely to tolerate various stresses. 相似文献
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Chunli TANG Fengxian ZHAO Hongxia CHEN Jiabao MA Jiangcun WEI Meiyan QIU Zhen XIE 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):60-65
[Objectives]To optimize the water extraction process of Chinese Herbal Compound Man Gan Ning and establish a method for its extraction and content determination... 相似文献
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E. Keep 《Euphytica》1986,35(3):843-855
Summary Cytoplasmic male sterility (cms) is described in the F1 hybrids Ribes × carrierei (R. glutinosum albidum × R. nigrum) and R. sanguineum × R. nigrum. In backcrosses to R. nigrum, progenies with R. glutinosum cytoplasm were either all male sterile, or segregated for full male fertility (F) and complete (S) and partial (I) male sterility. Ratios of F:I+S suggested that two linked genes controlled cms, F plants being dominant for one (Rf
1) and recessive for the other (Rf
2).Segregation for cms in relation to three linded genes, Ce (resistance to the gall mite, Cecidophyopsis ribes), Sph
3(resistance to American gooseberry mildew, Sphaerotheca mors-uvae) and Lf
1(one of two dominant additive genes controlling early season leafing out) indicated that Rf
1and Rf
2were in this linkage group. The gene order and approximate crossover values appeared to be: % MathType!MTEF!2!1!+-% feaafiart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn% hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXafv3ySLgzGmvETj2BSbqef0uAJj3BZ9Mz0bYu% H52CGmvzYLMzaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqr1ngBPrgifHhDYfgasa% acOqpw0xe9v8qqaqFD0xXdHaVhbbf9v8qqaqFr0xc9pk0xbba9q8Wq% Ffea0-yr0RYxir-Jbba9q8aq0-yq-He9q8qqQ8frFve9Fve9Ff0dme% aabaqaciGacaGaamqadaabaeaafaaakeaacaWGdbGaamyzamaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGWaGaaiOlaiaacgdacaGG0aGaaiiiaiaacc% caaaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaamOuaiaadAgaliaaigdakmaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaaccdacaGGUaGaaiOmaiaacs% dacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaaaacaWGsbGaamOzaSGa% aGOmaOWaaWaaaeaacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacc% cacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccaaaGaamitaiaadAgaliaaigdakmaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacc% cacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaaaaiaadofacaWGWbGaamiAaSGa% aG4maaaa!6E4D!\[Ce\underline { 0.14 } Rf1\underline { 0.24 } Rf2\underline { } Lf1\underline { } Sph3\]. Crossover values of 0.36 for Ce-Lf
1, and 0.15 for Lf
1-Sph
3were estimated from the relative mean differences in season of leafing out between seedlings dominant and recessive for Ce and Sph
3.It is suggested that competitive disadvantage of lf
1-carrying gametes and/or zygotes at low temperatures may be implicated in the almost invariable deficit of plants dominant for the closely linked mildew resistance allele Sph
3. Poor performance of lf
1- (and possibly lf
2-) carrying gametes and young zygotes during periods of low temperature at flowering might also account for the liability of some late season cultivars and selections to premature fruit drop (running off). 相似文献
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[Objectives] To determine the optimum extraction technology for total phenols of leaves in Acanthopanax giraldii Harms.[Methods]The single factor test and ortho... 相似文献
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Summary Apple and pear pollen was irradiated with doses of 0, 50, 100, 250 and 500 krad (gamma rays) and stored at 4°C and 0–10% r.h. From the in-vitro germination percentages an average LD 50 dose of about 220 krad was estimated. For both irradiated and untreated pollen a close and corresponding lineair relationship existed between germination percentage and pollen tube growth.Irradiated pollen was much more sensitive to dry storage conditions than untreated pollen, resulting in less germination and more bursting. Apparently, irradiation caused the pollen cell membrane to lose its flexibility faster than normal. Rehydration of dry-stored, irradiated pollen in water-saturated air restored germination percentages up to their initial levels. The importance of this procedure in germination trials is stressed. 相似文献
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Parasitic angiosperms cause great losses in many important crops under different climatic conditions and soil types. The most widespread and important parasitic angiosperms belong to the genera Orobanche, Striga, and Cuscuta. The most important economical hosts belong to the Poaceae, Asteraceae, Solanaceae, Cucurbitaceae, and Fabaceae. Although some resistant cultivars have been identified in several crops, great gaps exist in our knowledge of the parasites and the genetic basis of the resistance, as well as the availability of in vitro screening techniques. Screening techniques are based on reactions of the host root or foliage. In vitro or greenhouse screening methods based on the reaction of root and/or foliar tissues are usually superior to field screenings and can be used with many species. To utilize them in plant breeding, it is necessary to demonstrate a strong correlation between in vitro and field data. The correlation should be calculated for every environment in which selection is practiced. Using biochemical analysis as a screening technique has had limited success. The reason seems to be the complex host-parasite interactions which lead to germination, rhizotropism, infection, and growth of the parasite. Germination results from chemicals produced by the host. Resistance is only available in a small group of crops. Resistance has been found in cultivated, primitive and wild forms, depending on the specific host-parasite system. An additional problem is the existence of pathotypes in the parasites. Inheritance of host resistance is usually polygenic and its transfer is slow and tedious. Molecular techniques have yet to be used to locate resistance to parasitic angiosperms. While intensifying the search for genes that control resistance to specific parasitic angiosperms, the best strategy to screen for resistance is to improve the already existing in vitro or greenhouse screening techniques. 相似文献