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1.
不同品种核桃仁脂肪含量及脂肪酸组成与成分分析 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
以国内外不同品种核桃为试材,采用气相色谱法,测定不同品种核桃仁中脂肪含量及脂肪酸组成成分,结果表明:核桃仁中的脂肪含量在66%左右.核桃仁中共检测出肉豆蔻酸、棕榈酸、棕橱油酸、珠光脂酸、顺-10-十七碳-烯酸、硬脂酸、油酸、亚油酸、α-亚麻酸、花生酸和顺-11-二十碳.烯酸、二十二碳酸12种脂肪酸.脂肪酸碳链长度主要集中在C16-C18之间,以亚油酸含量最高,其次为油酸、α-亚麻酸、棕榈酸、硬脂酸,其他脂肪酸含量较少(<0.15g/100g).不同品种核桃仁中均以多不饱和脂肪酸为主,其次为单不饱和脂肪酸,饱和脂肪酸含量较低,各品种间多不饱和脂肪酸含量差异显著.亚油酸含量以青林核桃为最高,为42.19 g/100g;元林核桃最低,为36.12 g/100g. 相似文献
2.
东北地区大豆品种资源脂肪酸组成的分析研究 总被引：11，自引：1，他引：11
测定2341份我国东北地区大豆品种资源5种脂肪酸含量。以亚油酸含量最高,45—62%。平均含量依次为亚油酸>油酸>棕榈酸>亚麻酸>硬脂酸。分析比较结果,各脂肪酸含量,不同种皮色、脐色、结荚习性、叶形和花色品种间存在显著差异。棕榈酸、油酸、亚油酸和亚麻酸含量,不同栽培类型、不同粒形品种间有显著差异。硬脂酸、油酸和亚麻酸 相似文献
3.
为研究山西晋中产区核桃不同品种脂肪含量与脂肪酸的组成特点并为核桃栽培、育种、加工利用提供相关依据,采用索氏提取、气相色谱分析法分析测定了37个核桃品种中的总脂肪含量及脂肪酸组成,并通过变异分析、相关分析、通径分析、聚类分析和主成分分析对测定结果进行挖掘计算,结果表明：1、37个核桃品种的总脂肪含量为56.8%~70.88%,平均值为65.78%;棕榈酸、硬脂酸、油酸、亚油酸、亚麻酸是核桃中的主要脂肪酸;油酸含量的变异系数最大,亚油酸含量的变异系数最小;2、各脂肪酸组分与总脂肪含量之间均为正相关,其中,亚油酸与总脂肪含量之间达极显著性相关水平,棕榈酸与总脂肪含量之间达显著性相关水平;3、油酸对总脂肪含量的直接效应最大,棕榈酸对总脂肪含量的直接效应最小;4、脂肪酸组成的主要信息可通过各组分的线性组合表达;5、37个核桃品种可划分为“高含油率-高亚麻酸”核桃品种类群和“低含油率-高油酸”核桃品种类型。 相似文献
4.
《中国农学通报》2017,(18)
为研究山西晋中产区核桃不同品种脂肪含量与脂肪酸的组成特点,并为核桃栽培、育种、加工利用提供相关依据,采用索氏提取、气相色谱分析法分析测定了37个核桃品种中的总脂肪含量及脂肪酸组成,并通过变异分析、相关分析、通径分析、聚类分析和主成分分析对测定结果进行计算。结果表明:(1)37个核桃品种的总脂肪含量为56.8%~70.88%,平均值为65.78%;棕榈酸、硬脂酸、油酸、亚油酸、亚麻酸是核桃中的主要脂肪酸;油酸含量的变异系数最大,亚油酸含量的变异系数最小;(2)各脂肪酸组分与总脂肪含量之间均为正相关,其中,亚油酸与总脂肪含量之间达极显著性相关水平,棕榈酸与总脂肪含量之间达显著性相关水平;(3)油酸对总脂肪含量的直接效应最大,棕榈酸对总脂肪含量的直接效应最小;(4)脂肪酸组成的主要信息可通过各组分的线性组合表达;(5)37个核桃品种可划分为"高含油率-高亚麻酸"核桃品种类群和"低含油率-高油酸"核桃品种类型。 相似文献
5.
为核桃跨生态气候区引种栽培提供技术参考,以产于亚热带生态气候区湖北保康县和暖温带生态气候区河北临城县早实核桃‘香玲’和晚实核桃‘清香’坚果为试材,采用连续两年的平均数据比较分析了它们的坚果表型数量性状、脂肪酸和氨基酸组分和含量及脂肪酸和氨基酸均衡性。结果表明：同一品种在两个生态气候区表现出各自的优势：地处亚热带地区的早实核桃‘香玲’脂肪酸含量丰富(67.4%),脂肪酸(ω-6PUFA/ω-3 PUFA =8.06)、氨基酸均衡性好(SRC=68.18),晚实核桃‘清香’坚果重(单果重14.27g)、出仁率高(53.18%)、氨基酸均衡性好(SRC=70.45);地处暖温带地区的早实核桃‘香玲’坚果重(单果重12.83g)、出仁率高(66.53%)、氨基酸总量(21.84 g/100g)、必需氨基酸含量(5.91 g/100g)丰富,晚实核桃‘清香’则脂肪酸含量丰富(72.41%)且均衡性好(ω-6PUFA/ω-3 PUFA =5.77)。说明不同品种类型的核桃坚果品质受生态气候区气候、果园土壤等环境因素影响存在差异。 相似文献
6.
《中国农学通报》2019,(28)
为核桃跨生态气候区引种栽培提供技术参考,以产于亚热带生态气候区湖北保康县和暖温带生态气候区河北临城县早实核桃‘香玲’和晚实核桃‘清香’坚果为试材,采用连续2年的平均数据比较分析它们的坚果表型数量性状、脂肪酸和氨基酸组分和含量及脂肪酸和氨基酸均衡性。结果表明:同一品种在2个生态气候区表现出各自的优势:地处亚热带地区的早实核桃‘香玲’脂肪酸含量丰富(67.4%),脂肪酸(ω-6PUFA/ω-3 PUFA=8.06)、氨基酸均衡性好(SRC=68.18),晚实核桃‘清香’坚果重(单果重14.27 g)、出仁率高(53.18%)、氨基酸均衡性好(SRC=70.45);地处暖温带地区的早实核桃‘香玲’坚果重(单果重12.83 g)、出仁率高(66.53%)、氨基酸总量(21.84 g/100 g)、必需氨基酸含量(5.91 g/100 g)丰富,晚实核桃‘清香’则脂肪酸含量丰富(72.41%)且均衡性好(ω-6PUFA/ω-3 PUFA=5.77)。说明不同品种类型的核桃坚果品质受生态气候区气候、果园土壤等环境因素影响存在差异。 相似文献
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9.
大豆脂肪酸组分的胚、细胞质和母体遗传效应分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用5个大豆品种配制20个杂交组合,采用广义种子遗传模型分析了大豆脂肪酸组分的胚、细胞质和母体植株等3套遗传体系的基因主效应和基因型×环境效应。棕榈酸含量、硬脂酸含量和亚油酸含量是以基因型×环境互作效应为主。亚麻酸和油酸的遗传主效应和基因型×环境互作效应相近。在脂肪酸组分的遗传主效应中,棕榈酸、硬脂酸和亚油酸含量是以胚主效应为主。油酸含量和亚麻酸含量以细胞质主效应为主。在基因型×环境互作方差中,脂肪酸组分以极显著的胚互作方差为主。亚麻酸含量是以基因的加性效应和加性×环境互作效应为主,棕榈酸含量、硬脂酸含量、油酸含量和亚油酸含量以基因的显性和显性×环境互作效应为主。棕榈酸含量和油酸含量是以普通狭义遗传率为主。硬脂酸、亚油酸含量和亚麻酸含量以互作狭义遗传率为主。在普通狭义遗传率中,棕榈酸含量、油酸含量和亚麻酸含量以细胞质普通遗传率和母体普通遗传率为主。在互作狭义遗传率中,油酸含量和亚麻酸含量以胚互作狭义遗传率为主,亚油酸含量以母体植株互作遗传率为主。棕榈酸含量、硬脂酸含量、油酸含量和亚油酸含量以细胞质及母体选择响应和互作选择响应为主,亚麻酸含量的胚普通选择响应和互作选择响应为主。 相似文献
10.
油茶生长发育过程中脂肪酸成分的测定分析 总被引：6，自引：2，他引：4
为了研究油茶生长发育过程中脂肪含量及脂肪酸成分的变化,分析测定2个油茶品种在不同生长时期油茶籽中的脂肪酸成分。采用索氏提取法提取油茶籽中的脂溶性成分,经甲酯化处理后用气象色谱分离和鉴定,运用面积归一法确定各成分的相对百分含量。结果表明,在整个发育过程中油脂形成有两个高峰,分别在9月上旬和10月上旬;种子种脂肪酸的主要组成是不饱和脂肪酸,油酸含量最高,其次是亚油酸和油酸,饱和脂肪酸以棕榈酸和硬脂酸为主,其中油酸呈明显上升趋势,棕榈酸和亚油酸呈明显下降趋势,硬脂酸呈小幅上升趋势,亚麻酸呈小幅下降趋势。 相似文献
11.
Jens Jensen 《Euphytica》1979,28(1):47-56
Summary The high-lysine gene in Risø mutant 1508 conditions an increased lysine content in the endosperm via a changed protein composition, a decreased seed size, and several other characters of the seed. The designation lys3a, lys3b, and lys3c, is proposed for the allelic high-lysine genes in three Risø mutants, nos 1508, 18, and 19. Linkage studies with translocations locate the lys3 locus in the centromere region of chromosome 7. A linkage study involving the loci lys3 and ddt (resistance to DDT) together with the marker loci fs (fragile stem), s (short rachilla hairs), and r (smooth awn) show that the order of the five loci on chromosome 7 from the long to the short chromosome arm is r, s, fs, lys3, ddt. The distance from locus r to locus ddt is about 100 centimorgans. 相似文献
12.
G. H. Kroon 《Euphytica》1994,76(1-2):125-125
Summary
K x vadensis is a hybrid of K. blossfeldiana and K. marmorata obtained after doubling the number of chromosomes. 相似文献
13.
Hongyan WEI Jian ZHOU Jinguang LU Jingzheng SONG Qiongxi YU Zhihong JIANG 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):27-29
[Objectives]This study aimed to establish a QAMS(quantitative analysis of multi-components by single-marker)method for simultaneous determination of four phenol... 相似文献
14.
Summary Avoidance of rust fungi that was based on poor appressorium induction was previously found in Hordeum chilense. In the present study 95 accessions of Triticeae were screened for avoidance of Puccinia hordei. The percentage of appressorium formation per germinated spore ranged from 6 to 90%. On none of the 41 accessions of Aegilops, Agropyron, Elymus, Secale, Thinopyrum or Triticum studied was the rate of appressorium formation lower than 25%. Lower rates of appressorium formation were, however, found on accessions of wild barley species Hordeum brachyantherum, H. marinum, H. parodii and H. secalinum. Its implications in cereal breeding are discussed. 相似文献
15.
D. A. Bond G. J. Jellis G. G. Rowland J. Le Guen L. D. Robertson S. A. Khalil L. Li-Juan 《Euphytica》1993,73(1-2):151-166
Progress is being made, mainly by ICARDA but also elsewhere, in breeding for resistance to Botrytis, AScochyta, Uromyces, and Orobanche; and some lines have resistance to more than one pathogen. The strategy is to extend multiple resistance but also to seek new and durable forms of resistance. Internationally coordinated programs are needed to maintain the momentum of this work.Tolerance of abiotic stresses leads to types suited to dry or cold environments rather than broad adaptability, but in this cross-pollinated species, the more hybrid vigor expressed by a cultivar, the more it is likely to tolerate various stresses. 相似文献
16.
Chunli TANG Fengxian ZHAO Hongxia CHEN Jiabao MA Jiangcun WEI Meiyan QIU Zhen XIE 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):60-65
[Objectives]To optimize the water extraction process of Chinese Herbal Compound Man Gan Ning and establish a method for its extraction and content determination... 相似文献
17.
E. Keep 《Euphytica》1986,35(3):843-855
Summary Cytoplasmic male sterility (cms) is described in the F1 hybrids Ribes × carrierei (R. glutinosum albidum × R. nigrum) and R. sanguineum × R. nigrum. In backcrosses to R. nigrum, progenies with R. glutinosum cytoplasm were either all male sterile, or segregated for full male fertility (F) and complete (S) and partial (I) male sterility. Ratios of F:I+S suggested that two linked genes controlled cms, F plants being dominant for one (Rf
1) and recessive for the other (Rf
2).Segregation for cms in relation to three linded genes, Ce (resistance to the gall mite, Cecidophyopsis ribes), Sph
3(resistance to American gooseberry mildew, Sphaerotheca mors-uvae) and Lf
1(one of two dominant additive genes controlling early season leafing out) indicated that Rf
1and Rf
2were in this linkage group. The gene order and approximate crossover values appeared to be: % MathType!MTEF!2!1!+-% feaafiart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn% hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXafv3ySLgzGmvETj2BSbqef0uAJj3BZ9Mz0bYu% H52CGmvzYLMzaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqr1ngBPrgifHhDYfgasa% acOqpw0xe9v8qqaqFD0xXdHaVhbbf9v8qqaqFr0xc9pk0xbba9q8Wq% Ffea0-yr0RYxir-Jbba9q8aq0-yq-He9q8qqQ8frFve9Fve9Ff0dme% aabaqaciGacaGaamqadaabaeaafaaakeaacaWGdbGaamyzamaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGWaGaaiOlaiaacgdacaGG0aGaaiiiaiaacc% caaaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaamOuaiaadAgaliaaigdakmaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaaccdacaGGUaGaaiOmaiaacs% dacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaaaacaWGsbGaamOzaSGa% aGOmaOWaaWaaaeaacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacc% cacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccaaaGaamitaiaadAgaliaaigdakmaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacc% cacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaaaaiaadofacaWGWbGaamiAaSGa% aG4maaaa!6E4D!\[Ce\underline { 0.14 } Rf1\underline { 0.24 } Rf2\underline { } Lf1\underline { } Sph3\]. Crossover values of 0.36 for Ce-Lf
1, and 0.15 for Lf
1-Sph
3were estimated from the relative mean differences in season of leafing out between seedlings dominant and recessive for Ce and Sph
3.It is suggested that competitive disadvantage of lf
1-carrying gametes and/or zygotes at low temperatures may be implicated in the almost invariable deficit of plants dominant for the closely linked mildew resistance allele Sph
3. Poor performance of lf
1- (and possibly lf
2-) carrying gametes and young zygotes during periods of low temperature at flowering might also account for the liability of some late season cultivars and selections to premature fruit drop (running off). 相似文献
18.
[Objectives] To determine the optimum extraction technology for total phenols of leaves in Acanthopanax giraldii Harms.[Methods]The single factor test and ortho... 相似文献
19.
Summary Apple and pear pollen was irradiated with doses of 0, 50, 100, 250 and 500 krad (gamma rays) and stored at 4°C and 0–10% r.h. From the in-vitro germination percentages an average LD 50 dose of about 220 krad was estimated. For both irradiated and untreated pollen a close and corresponding lineair relationship existed between germination percentage and pollen tube growth.Irradiated pollen was much more sensitive to dry storage conditions than untreated pollen, resulting in less germination and more bursting. Apparently, irradiation caused the pollen cell membrane to lose its flexibility faster than normal. Rehydration of dry-stored, irradiated pollen in water-saturated air restored germination percentages up to their initial levels. The importance of this procedure in germination trials is stressed. 相似文献
20.
Parasitic angiosperms cause great losses in many important crops under different climatic conditions and soil types. The most widespread and important parasitic angiosperms belong to the genera Orobanche, Striga, and Cuscuta. The most important economical hosts belong to the Poaceae, Asteraceae, Solanaceae, Cucurbitaceae, and Fabaceae. Although some resistant cultivars have been identified in several crops, great gaps exist in our knowledge of the parasites and the genetic basis of the resistance, as well as the availability of in vitro screening techniques. Screening techniques are based on reactions of the host root or foliage. In vitro or greenhouse screening methods based on the reaction of root and/or foliar tissues are usually superior to field screenings and can be used with many species. To utilize them in plant breeding, it is necessary to demonstrate a strong correlation between in vitro and field data. The correlation should be calculated for every environment in which selection is practiced. Using biochemical analysis as a screening technique has had limited success. The reason seems to be the complex host-parasite interactions which lead to germination, rhizotropism, infection, and growth of the parasite. Germination results from chemicals produced by the host. Resistance is only available in a small group of crops. Resistance has been found in cultivated, primitive and wild forms, depending on the specific host-parasite system. An additional problem is the existence of pathotypes in the parasites. Inheritance of host resistance is usually polygenic and its transfer is slow and tedious. Molecular techniques have yet to be used to locate resistance to parasitic angiosperms. While intensifying the search for genes that control resistance to specific parasitic angiosperms, the best strategy to screen for resistance is to improve the already existing in vitro or greenhouse screening techniques. 相似文献