共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 62 毫秒
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不同Rht基因对小麦子粒品质的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
多年结果证明Rht1、Rht2、rht3个近等基因系之间的子粒蛋白质含量差异不显著，而Rht3基因系的蛋白质含量显著高于前三者。Rht3基因系的子粒赖氨酸含量显著高于Rht2和rht系统，Rht10显著高于Rht1系，其他基因系之间无显著差异。Rh10基因系的面粉的沉降值显著高于Rht1,Rht8和Rht12,Rht3显著高于Rht1,Rht2和rht。Rht10和Rht3基因系面粉的湿面筋显著高于其他基因系。此外，同一基因系在不同的年限之间的品质性状表现有差异。 相似文献
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利用RAPD技术鉴定大白菜主栽品种及品种间遗传多样性分析 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
采用随机引物扩增多态ＤＮＡ（ＲＡＰＤ）技术分析了２１个大白菜主栽品种。用１３个引物共扩增出８７个清晰可重复的ＤＮＡ片段,其中３９条带具有多态性,多态性条带的频率为４４．８％。ＯＰＥ０１是多态性频率最高的引物,它可区分１５个大白菜品种,再与引物ＯＰＨ０３和ＯＰＨ１２配合,即可将２１个大白菜品种区别开。 相似文献
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棉花RAPD分析条件优化探讨 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
利用不同的引物、引物浓度、复性温度、ｄＮＴＰｓ浓度、Ｔａｑ酶含量等对棉花品种鄂荆１号、ＰｉｍａＳ－３进行ＲＡＰＤ分析。结果表明，高温复性有利于提高扩增带型的特异性。低Ｍｇ２＋浓度易导致小片断扩增，高Ｍｇ３＋浓度易产生非特异带型。ｄＮＴＰｓ浓度增加导致扩增带型的数目减少。双引物扩增带型与卓引物相比可以检测到更多的品种间遗传差异。根据上述分析，棉花ＲＡＰＤ分析反应物组成为：１Ｘ反应ｂｕｆｆｃｒ、１．８ｍｍｏｌ．Ｌ－１Ｍｇ２＋、０．１６ｍｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１ｄＮＴＰｓ、４０ｎｇＤＮＡ、０．６μｍｏｌ．Ｌ－１随机引物、Ｔａｑ酶１．５单位，加双蒸水至２５μｌ反应体系。 相似文献
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普通野生稻的抗水稻白叶枯病（Xanthomonas oryzae pv.oryzae）新基因Xa—23 总被引：26，自引：1，他引：25
经抗谱评价、抗性类型比较、遗传分析鉴定出一个来自普通野生的抗白叶枯病新基因ＸＡ－２５（暂名）。结果表明它是迄今已知基因中抗谱最广，抗性导入效应很强的一个完全显性的全生育期抗性基因，用携有新基因Ｘａ－２３的一对近等基因系（ＪＧ３０＾６∥Ｘａ－２３＾（ｔ））构建Ｆ２群体中选出１６０个单株用ＳＳＲ（微卫星）标记进行基因定位，初步将该基因定位于水稻第１１染色体ＳＳＲ标记ＯＳＲ０６和ＲＭ２２４附近，图距分别为５．３ｃＭ和２７．７ｃＭ。 相似文献
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小麦和硬粒小麦中Rht—B1和Rht—D1主效矮秆基因的效应随环境而变化。我们在全球81个试验中种植了国际适应性试验（IAT）中的6个春小麦矮秆近等基因系。在产量大于3Mg／ha的56个试验中，有54％的试验的半矮秆品系平均产量显著高于高秆品系；在产量低于3Mg／ha的27个试验中，仅有在24％的试验中为半矮秆品系的产量占优势。 相似文献
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利用RAPD标记鉴定大白菜杂交种纯度的研究 总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13
应用随机扩增多态性ＤＮＡ（ＲＡＰＤ）标记鉴定大白菜杂种商品种子的纯度。用５０个随机引物检测了２个杂交种北京５７号和北京１０６号及其亲本,引物ＯＰＥ－２０在北京５７号杂交种中产生了有别于双亲的特殊标记,引物ＯＰＨ－０６及ＯＰＨ－０７在北京１０６杂交种中产生了有别于双亲的特殊标记,能清楚地区分杂交种及其双亲,并将这些引物应用在北京５７号和北京１０６号杂交种样品的纯度检测中。这个结果显示了ＲＡＰＤ标记在大白菜杂交种商品种子纯度检测上的实际用途。 相似文献
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河北省棉区黄萎病菌系基于RAPD的遗传分化研究 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5
本研究对２３个棉花黄萎病菌系,其中１９个为河北省棉区不同致病群（ＶＧｓ）的代表性菌系,用２５个可揭示菌系遗传多态性的随机引物进行ＲＡＰＤ扩增,研究了病菌的遗传分化及与其来源和致病性的关系。结果表明,菌系间的遗传相似系数变化在０．４４２～１．０００之间,但大多数菌系间的同源程度较高。基于８９个ＲＡＰＤ标记的聚类分析表明,供试菌系被划分为２个ＲＡＰＤ群（ＲＧｓ）和８个ＲＡＰＤ亚群（ＲＳＧｓ）,其中河北省棉区黄萎病菌系的遗传分化程度较小,９５％的菌系归属于同一ＲＡＰＤ群（ＲＧ１）,仅１个菌系属于ＲＧ２。ＲＡＰＤ类群与病菌地理来源有一定相关性,但与病菌致病群（ＶＧｓ）相关性不大。进一步分析表明,ＲＡＰＤ亚群（ＲＳＧｓ）与ＶＧｓ间存在一定关系,其中ＲＳＧ１中的８个菌系全部为强致病力的ＶＧⅠ菌系;ＲＳＧ２中６６．７％的菌系为ＶＧⅡ菌系。ＲＧｓ和ＲＳＧｓ与菌系是否与落叶型无关。 相似文献
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Biological Activity and Quantification of Suspected Allelochemicals from Alfalfa Plant Parts 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
Autotoxicity restricts reseeding of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) after alfalfa until autotoxic chemical(s) breaks down or is dispersed into external environments. A series of aqueous extracts from leaves, stems, roots and seeds of alfalfa ‘Vernal’ were bioassayed against alfalfa seedlings of the same cultivar to determine their autotoxicity. The highest inhibition was found in the extracts from the leaves. Extracts at 40 g dry tissue l?1 from alfalfa leaves were 15.4, 17.5 and 28.7 times more toxic to alfalfa root growth than were those from roots, stems and seeds, respectively. A high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis with nine standard compounds showed that the concentrations and compositions of allelopathic compounds depended on the plant parts. In leaf extracts that showed the most inhibitory effect on root growth, the highest amounts of allelochemicals were detected. Among nine phenolic compounds assayed for their phytotoxicity on root growth of alfalfa, coumarin, trans‐cinnamic acid and o‐coumaric acid at 10?3 m were most inhibitory. The type and amount of causative allelochemicals found in alfalfa plant parts were highly correlated with the results of the bioassay, indicating that the autotoxic effects of alfalfa plant parts significantly differed. 相似文献
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C. J. Spurr D. A. Fulton P. H. Brown R. J. Clark 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2002,188(4):275-280
Development of onion (Allium cepa L., cv. ‘Early Cream Gold’) seed under cool climate conditions in Tasmania, Australia occurred over a longer duration than previously reported, but similar patterns of change in yield components were recorded. In contrast to previous studies, umbel moisture content declined from 85 to 67 % over 57 days while seed moisture content decreased from 85 to 31 %. Seed yield continued to increase over the duration of crop development, with increasing seed weight compensating for seed loss resulting from capsule dehiscence in the later stages of maturation. Germination percentage was high and did not vary significantly from 53 to 77 days after full bloom (DAF), but mean germination time declined and uniformity of germination increased significantly over the same time period. The percentage abnormal seedlings declined with later harvest date, resulting in highest seed quality at 77 DAF. The results of this study suggest that the decision to harvest cool climate onion seed crops before capsule dehiscence will result in a loss of potential seed yield and quality. 相似文献
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Jens Jensen 《Euphytica》1979,28(1):47-56
Summary The high-lysine gene in Risø mutant 1508 conditions an increased lysine content in the endosperm via a changed protein composition, a decreased seed size, and several other characters of the seed. The designation lys3a, lys3b, and lys3c, is proposed for the allelic high-lysine genes in three Risø mutants, nos 1508, 18, and 19. Linkage studies with translocations locate the lys3 locus in the centromere region of chromosome 7. A linkage study involving the loci lys3 and ddt (resistance to DDT) together with the marker loci fs (fragile stem), s (short rachilla hairs), and r (smooth awn) show that the order of the five loci on chromosome 7 from the long to the short chromosome arm is r, s, fs, lys3, ddt. The distance from locus r to locus ddt is about 100 centimorgans. 相似文献
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G. H. Kroon 《Euphytica》1994,76(1-2):125-125
Summary
K x vadensis is a hybrid of K. blossfeldiana and K. marmorata obtained after doubling the number of chromosomes. 相似文献
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Hongyan WEI Jian ZHOU Jinguang LU Jingzheng SONG Qiongxi YU Zhihong JIANG 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):27-29
[Objectives]This study aimed to establish a QAMS(quantitative analysis of multi-components by single-marker)method for simultaneous determination of four phenol... 相似文献
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Summary Avoidance of rust fungi that was based on poor appressorium induction was previously found in Hordeum chilense. In the present study 95 accessions of Triticeae were screened for avoidance of Puccinia hordei. The percentage of appressorium formation per germinated spore ranged from 6 to 90%. On none of the 41 accessions of Aegilops, Agropyron, Elymus, Secale, Thinopyrum or Triticum studied was the rate of appressorium formation lower than 25%. Lower rates of appressorium formation were, however, found on accessions of wild barley species Hordeum brachyantherum, H. marinum, H. parodii and H. secalinum. Its implications in cereal breeding are discussed. 相似文献
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Summary Reactions of 13 grasses to Meloidogyne naasi varied with species; ryegrasses, fescues and their hybrids were generally susceptible and cocksfoot and timothy resistant. Marked variation in host resistance levels occurred between genotypes within cultivars.Selection of single plants, followed by tests on replicate tillers, identified resistant and susceptible genotypes in both Italian and perennial ryegrass cultivars. Resistant plants had few nematode-induced galls and fewer females and eggs than susceptibles. There was more or less continuous variation, with many genotypes intermediate between extremes of resistance and susceptibility. Selected resistant and susceptible genotypes are of use in assessing variation in nematode populations and as controls for breeding and selection programmes. 相似文献
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W. Erskine M. Tufail A. Russell M. C. Tyagi M. M. Rahman M. C. Saxena 《Euphytica》1993,73(1-2):127-135
Lentil production is limited by lack of moisture and unfavorable temperatures throughout its distribution. Waterlogging and salinity are only locally important. Progress has been made in breeding for tolerance to drought through selection for an appropriate phenology and increased water use efficiency and in breeding for winter hardiness through selection for cold tolerance.The diseases rust, vascular wilt, and Ascochyta blight, caused by Uromyces viciae-fabae, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lentis, and Ascochyta fabae f. sp. lentis, respectively, are the key fungal pathogens of lentil. Cultivars with resistance to rust and Ascochyta blight have been released in several countries and resistant sources to vascular wilt are being exploited. Sources of resistance to several other fungal and viral diseases of regional importance are known. In contrast, although the pea leaf weevil (Sitona spp.) and the parasitic weed broomrape (Orobanche spp.), and to a lesser extent the cyst nematode (Heterodera ciceri), are significant yield reducers of lentil, no sources of resistance to these biotic stresses have been found. Directions for future research in lentil on both biotic and abiotic stresses are discussed. 相似文献
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D. A. Bond G. J. Jellis G. G. Rowland J. Le Guen L. D. Robertson S. A. Khalil L. Li-Juan 《Euphytica》1993,73(1-2):151-166
Progress is being made, mainly by ICARDA but also elsewhere, in breeding for resistance to Botrytis, AScochyta, Uromyces, and Orobanche; and some lines have resistance to more than one pathogen. The strategy is to extend multiple resistance but also to seek new and durable forms of resistance. Internationally coordinated programs are needed to maintain the momentum of this work.Tolerance of abiotic stresses leads to types suited to dry or cold environments rather than broad adaptability, but in this cross-pollinated species, the more hybrid vigor expressed by a cultivar, the more it is likely to tolerate various stresses. 相似文献
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Herbage yield trials are necessary to test if candidate varieties are well suited for organic conditions. In order to elucidate
a particular suitability for organic conditions, we run such trials in parallel under both organic and conventional conditions.
Here, we report on second and third year results of the sowings 2004 and 2005. These trials are part of a targeted breeding
programme for organic conditions. Irregular colonisation of pure grass plots with adventitious plants, in particular white
clover, was recognized as a major constraint to the quality of the results obtained under organic conditions. The coefficients
of variance in dry matter yield almost doubled when compared to conventional trials, and significant differences in annual
yield among varieties were rare. However, when herbage yield was corrected for the estimated fraction of adventitious plant
colonization at each cut, the number of instances with statistically significant differences for annual yield among varieties
increased more than fourfold. Dry matter yields under organic and conventional conditions were significantly and positively
correlated. However, analysis of variance showed a significant culture type by variety interaction for annual dry matter yield
in 12 out of 24 trials. When diploid and tetraploid varieties of the same Lolium species were tested in one common trial, only tetraploid varieties were identified as being particularly well suited for organic
conditions, while in these trials, the great majority of apparently poorly suited varieties were diploid. This suggests that
breeding tetraploid Lolium varieties is promising when aiming at a favourable response to organic agriculture. 相似文献