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1.
以粉煤灰、腐殖土、水和绿矾作为草坪砖基质主要成分进行配合比设计,研究高羊茅、黑麦草、匍匐剪股颖3种草分别在4种配方条件下的植生效果,筛选了3种草各自适宜的基质配方。试验结果表明:在配方2 (粉煤灰∶腐殖土∶水∶绿矾=10∶20∶20∶1)条件下,3种草发芽数均可达最高,且高羊茅和黑麦草的株高最高;不同配方对3种草的颜色和质地没有显著影响,但配方1 (粉煤灰∶腐殖土∶水∶绿矾=10∶10∶10∶1)和配方2对于改善3种草的绿期、盖度和生物量等生长质量具有最佳效果;对于3种草而言,高羊茅在配方2条件下生态质量指标表现最好,而黑麦草和匍匐剪股颖则在配方1条件下表现最好,综合评分表明,高羊茅更适合作为植生草种。研究结果为草坪砖-基质配制及适生草种的选择提供了依据。 相似文献
2.
优良草坪新品种在昆明地区的引种适应性评价 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对47个冷季型草种在昆明地区进行了引种适应性评价.结果如下:(1)5个草坪草从播种到出苗所需时间不同,多年生黑麦草出苗最快,高羊茅次之,剪股颖、早熟禾最慢.同一草坪草在幼苗期和成坪后生长速度不同,不同草坪草在幼苗期或成坪后生长速度也不同,高羊茅、黑麦草的草坪自然高度都相对较高,各个草坪草品种间存在差异.(2)早熟禾、匍匐剪股颖的叶片质地最细,其次为多年生黑麦草,高羊茅最粗糙.草坪各个品种之间的密度存在差异,表现较好的有火龙、21世界、优美、碧盛、高地和太阳城.(3)早熟禾、剪股颖盖度较黑麦草、高羊茅要好.(4)黑麦草的再生性最好、高羊茅次之,剪股颖、旱熟禾最慢.(5)黑麦草、高羊茅叶绿素含量较高,与外观表现一致,各个草坪草品种的均一性之间差异显著. 相似文献
3.
就北方而言,冷季型草坪无疑是有其优势的。为了避免盲从,我们从国外引进多年生黑麦草类、草地早熟禾类、高羊茅类、匍匐剪股颖类、细羊茅类、细弱剪股颖类这6类草坪草品种进行试验,意在从中筛选出适合胶东半岛种植的品种。我们主要从17个方面对比观察: 建坪速度比较快的是多年生黑麦草类,发芽时间平均为3～4天。草地早熟禾类最慢,平均为15～18天。如果把这两种草混播,黑麦草类可提供快速覆盖效果,而后早熟禾类占据整个草地。但应注意其比例问题,据我们试验,黑麦草类最好不要超过20％。叶片质地和密度高羊茅类叶片相对比较粗糙,美观效果一般,但其适应性很强,胶东半岛的环境条件比较适宜高羊茅类生长。匍匐剪股颖类叶片质地最细,形成草坪密度较大,成坪质感好,翠绿宜人,但管理比较费工,难度大,在高尔夫球场的果领部分选用较好。抗冻性匍匐剪股颖是冷季型草坪中最耐寒的品 相似文献
4.
为了研究温度与光照对昆明常见的草坪草种子发芽的影响,以细叶结缕草、沟叶结缕草、匍匐翦股颖、细弱翦股颖、草地早熟禾、结缕草、黑麦草、高羊茅、紫羊茅、狗牙根等10种草坪草种子为材料,采用恒温(25℃),快速变温(光照2h20℃,8h30℃;黑暗12h20℃,2h30℃),缓慢变温(光照10h30℃,黑暗14h20℃)3种控温方式对草种进行试验研究。结果表明:细叶结缕草、沟叶结缕草、黑麦草和高羊茅在3种控温条件下发芽势和发芽率都高于92%,种子活力高、出苗迅速、发芽能力强,发芽过程中温度变化对该4种草种不构成直接影响;匍匐翦股颖、细弱翦股颖、狗牙根和结缕草适合在缓慢变温条件下发芽;草地早熟禾适宜在快速变温条件下发芽;紫羊茅适宜在恒温条件和缓慢变温条件下发芽,在2种温度条件下,草种发芽率和发芽势较高,适合草种的生长。 相似文献
5.
以中性溶液(pH值7.0)为对照,研究了模拟酸雨(pH值2.0、3.0、4.0、5.0)对高羊茅(Festuca arundinacea)、多年生黑麦草(Lolium perenne)、匍匐翦股颖(Agrostis palustris)和草地早熟禾(Poa pratensis L.)4种草坪草种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响。结果表明:4种草坪草种子受酸雨胁迫影响的程度不同,高羊茅、多年生黑麦草、匍匐翦股颖在pH值为2.0时种子萌发被完全抑制,草地早熟禾种子在pH值为3.0时即被完全抑制,其发芽率与发芽指数均为0;高羊茅在pH值为3.0、4.0、5.0时种子正常萌发;多年生黑麦草、匍匐翦股颖、草地早熟禾随酸雨酸性的增强,发芽率降低程度不断增大,其中,草地早熟禾降低程度最明显,pH值为3.0时种子完全失活,较对照组降低100%;多年生黑麦草、匍匐翦股颖在pH值为3.0时较对照组分别降低18.51%、30.10%;酸雨胁迫对4种草坪草叶片色素含量及相对电导率均有一定影响,对草坪草根、芽的生长也有不同程度的抑制作用。应用模糊数学隶属度分析法对4种草坪草抗酸雨胁迫能力进行综合评定,得出4种草坪草抗酸雨胁迫能力由强到弱的顺序为:高羊茅>多年生黑麦草>匍匐翦股颖>草地早熟禾。 相似文献
6.
选择4种常见的冷季型草坪草作为研究对象,从种子的发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数等方面进行研究,通过分析对比在不同盐溶液环境中4种草坪草萌发的影响。试验结果表明,当盐浓度达到0.15%时,高羊茅种子发芽率保持较高水准,早熟禾发芽率大约为6成,同时高羊茅和早熟禾的发芽势、发芽指数、活力指数等指标表明了其萌发期耐盐性强于多年生黑麦草与剪股颖。 相似文献
7.
为确定昆明地区混播绿地草坪的适宜组合,本研究采用“NTEP九分制”法对昆明地区3组（组合1：70%高羊茅+20%草地早熟禾+10%多年生黑麦草;组合2：50%高羊茅+40%草地早熟禾+10%多年生黑麦草;组合3：30%高羊茅+60%草地早熟禾+10%多年生黑麦草）混播绿地草坪进行外观质量评价。结果表明组合3草坪得分最高(6.97),综合分析认为以草地早熟禾为建群种,高羊茅为伴生种,多年生黑麦草为先锋草种的混播搭配所建植的绿地草坪质量较好,适宜在昆明地区建坪使用。 相似文献
8.
匍匐翦股颖粤选1号品种特性 总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13
匍匐翦股颖(AgrostisstoloniferaL. )为禾本科翦股颖属多年生草本植物,产于欧亚大陆;我国分布于甘肃、河北、浙江、江西、贵州、云南等地。匍匐翦股颖为冷季型草坪草,广泛用于冷凉地带高尔夫果岭草坪。为提高匍匐翦股颖在南亚热带地区的越夏性能,从匍匐翦股颖品种Penncross中筛选出无性变异系,通过系统选育培育出匍匐翦股颖新品种粤选1号(cv. YuexuanNo.1),该品种于2004年12月通过全国牧草品种审定委员会审定,品种登记号288。1 品种来源及选育经过粤选1号来自1983年12月播种在中山温泉高尔夫球场果岭的匍匐翦股颖品种…… 相似文献
9.
10.
高温对匍匐翦股颖果岭草坪草生理特性及再生性的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
测定粤选1号匍匐翦股颖(Agrostis stolonifera L. cv. Yuexuan No.1)和匍匐翦股颖品种Penncross 2年生果岭草坪草在38℃高温胁迫下叶片的一些生理指标和匍匐茎再生性。结果表明,高温胁迫下叶绿素和抗坏血酸含量下降,粤选1号叶绿素含量降幅低,抗坏血酸含量明显高于Penncross;丙二醛和脯氨酸含量增加,粤选1号丙二醛含量明显低于Penncross,而脯氨酸含量显著高于Penncross。高温胁迫下粤选1号匍匐翦股颖保护酶(POD、SOD和CAT)活性明显高于Penncross。高温胁迫1-6d粤选1号匍匐翦股颖匍匐茎再生能力明显高于Penncross。 相似文献
11.
Biological Activity and Quantification of Suspected Allelochemicals from Alfalfa Plant Parts 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
Autotoxicity restricts reseeding of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) after alfalfa until autotoxic chemical(s) breaks down or is dispersed into external environments. A series of aqueous extracts from leaves, stems, roots and seeds of alfalfa ‘Vernal’ were bioassayed against alfalfa seedlings of the same cultivar to determine their autotoxicity. The highest inhibition was found in the extracts from the leaves. Extracts at 40 g dry tissue l?1 from alfalfa leaves were 15.4, 17.5 and 28.7 times more toxic to alfalfa root growth than were those from roots, stems and seeds, respectively. A high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis with nine standard compounds showed that the concentrations and compositions of allelopathic compounds depended on the plant parts. In leaf extracts that showed the most inhibitory effect on root growth, the highest amounts of allelochemicals were detected. Among nine phenolic compounds assayed for their phytotoxicity on root growth of alfalfa, coumarin, trans‐cinnamic acid and o‐coumaric acid at 10?3 m were most inhibitory. The type and amount of causative allelochemicals found in alfalfa plant parts were highly correlated with the results of the bioassay, indicating that the autotoxic effects of alfalfa plant parts significantly differed. 相似文献
12.
C. J. Spurr D. A. Fulton P. H. Brown R. J. Clark 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2002,188(4):275-280
Development of onion (Allium cepa L., cv. ‘Early Cream Gold’) seed under cool climate conditions in Tasmania, Australia occurred over a longer duration than previously reported, but similar patterns of change in yield components were recorded. In contrast to previous studies, umbel moisture content declined from 85 to 67 % over 57 days while seed moisture content decreased from 85 to 31 %. Seed yield continued to increase over the duration of crop development, with increasing seed weight compensating for seed loss resulting from capsule dehiscence in the later stages of maturation. Germination percentage was high and did not vary significantly from 53 to 77 days after full bloom (DAF), but mean germination time declined and uniformity of germination increased significantly over the same time period. The percentage abnormal seedlings declined with later harvest date, resulting in highest seed quality at 77 DAF. The results of this study suggest that the decision to harvest cool climate onion seed crops before capsule dehiscence will result in a loss of potential seed yield and quality. 相似文献
13.
G. H. Kroon 《Euphytica》1994,76(1-2):125-125
Summary
K x vadensis is a hybrid of K. blossfeldiana and K. marmorata obtained after doubling the number of chromosomes. 相似文献
14.
Jens Jensen 《Euphytica》1979,28(1):47-56
Summary The high-lysine gene in Risø mutant 1508 conditions an increased lysine content in the endosperm via a changed protein composition, a decreased seed size, and several other characters of the seed. The designation lys3a, lys3b, and lys3c, is proposed for the allelic high-lysine genes in three Risø mutants, nos 1508, 18, and 19. Linkage studies with translocations locate the lys3 locus in the centromere region of chromosome 7. A linkage study involving the loci lys3 and ddt (resistance to DDT) together with the marker loci fs (fragile stem), s (short rachilla hairs), and r (smooth awn) show that the order of the five loci on chromosome 7 from the long to the short chromosome arm is r, s, fs, lys3, ddt. The distance from locus r to locus ddt is about 100 centimorgans. 相似文献
15.
Hongyan WEI Jian ZHOU Jinguang LU Jingzheng SONG Qiongxi YU Zhihong JIANG 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):27-29
[Objectives]This study aimed to establish a QAMS(quantitative analysis of multi-components by single-marker)method for simultaneous determination of four phenol... 相似文献
16.
Summary Avoidance of rust fungi that was based on poor appressorium induction was previously found in Hordeum chilense. In the present study 95 accessions of Triticeae were screened for avoidance of Puccinia hordei. The percentage of appressorium formation per germinated spore ranged from 6 to 90%. On none of the 41 accessions of Aegilops, Agropyron, Elymus, Secale, Thinopyrum or Triticum studied was the rate of appressorium formation lower than 25%. Lower rates of appressorium formation were, however, found on accessions of wild barley species Hordeum brachyantherum, H. marinum, H. parodii and H. secalinum. Its implications in cereal breeding are discussed. 相似文献
17.
Summary Reactions of 13 grasses to Meloidogyne naasi varied with species; ryegrasses, fescues and their hybrids were generally susceptible and cocksfoot and timothy resistant. Marked variation in host resistance levels occurred between genotypes within cultivars.Selection of single plants, followed by tests on replicate tillers, identified resistant and susceptible genotypes in both Italian and perennial ryegrass cultivars. Resistant plants had few nematode-induced galls and fewer females and eggs than susceptibles. There was more or less continuous variation, with many genotypes intermediate between extremes of resistance and susceptibility. Selected resistant and susceptible genotypes are of use in assessing variation in nematode populations and as controls for breeding and selection programmes. 相似文献
18.
W. Erskine M. Tufail A. Russell M. C. Tyagi M. M. Rahman M. C. Saxena 《Euphytica》1993,73(1-2):127-135
Lentil production is limited by lack of moisture and unfavorable temperatures throughout its distribution. Waterlogging and salinity are only locally important. Progress has been made in breeding for tolerance to drought through selection for an appropriate phenology and increased water use efficiency and in breeding for winter hardiness through selection for cold tolerance.The diseases rust, vascular wilt, and Ascochyta blight, caused by Uromyces viciae-fabae, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lentis, and Ascochyta fabae f. sp. lentis, respectively, are the key fungal pathogens of lentil. Cultivars with resistance to rust and Ascochyta blight have been released in several countries and resistant sources to vascular wilt are being exploited. Sources of resistance to several other fungal and viral diseases of regional importance are known. In contrast, although the pea leaf weevil (Sitona spp.) and the parasitic weed broomrape (Orobanche spp.), and to a lesser extent the cyst nematode (Heterodera ciceri), are significant yield reducers of lentil, no sources of resistance to these biotic stresses have been found. Directions for future research in lentil on both biotic and abiotic stresses are discussed. 相似文献
19.
D. A. Bond G. J. Jellis G. G. Rowland J. Le Guen L. D. Robertson S. A. Khalil L. Li-Juan 《Euphytica》1993,73(1-2):151-166
Progress is being made, mainly by ICARDA but also elsewhere, in breeding for resistance to Botrytis, AScochyta, Uromyces, and Orobanche; and some lines have resistance to more than one pathogen. The strategy is to extend multiple resistance but also to seek new and durable forms of resistance. Internationally coordinated programs are needed to maintain the momentum of this work.Tolerance of abiotic stresses leads to types suited to dry or cold environments rather than broad adaptability, but in this cross-pollinated species, the more hybrid vigor expressed by a cultivar, the more it is likely to tolerate various stresses. 相似文献
20.
Chunli TANG Fengxian ZHAO Hongxia CHEN Jiabao MA Jiangcun WEI Meiyan QIU Zhen XIE 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):60-65
[Objectives]To optimize the water extraction process of Chinese Herbal Compound Man Gan Ning and establish a method for its extraction and content determination... 相似文献