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1.
Sustained release carriers used to delivery bone morphogenetic proteins in the bone healing process 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Issa JP Bentley MV Iyomasa MM Sebald W De Albuquerque RF 《Anatomia, histologia, embryologia》2008,37(3):181-187
Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are multi-functional growth factors belonging to the transforming growth factor beta superfamily, especially BMP-2, induce bone formation in vivo, and clinical application in repair of bone fractures and defects is expected. However, appropriate systems to delivery BMPs for practical use need to be developed with the objective to heal cartilage and bone-related diseases in medical, dental and veterinary practice. Thus, the aim of this article was to present an overview of the principals carriers used to delivery BMPs and alternative delivery systems for these proteins. 相似文献
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The role of bone morphogenetic proteins in articular cartilage development, homeostasis and repair. 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are members of the TGF-beta superfamily of secreted ligands. BMPs regulate a diverse range of developmental processes during embryogenesis and postnatal development, and control the differentiation of several musculoskeletal tissues including bone, cartilage, tendon and ligaments. The ability of BMPs to modulate the phenotype of cells in these tissue lineages suggests that these factors could be valuable for musculoskeletal tissue regeneration. In fact, BMPs-2 and -7 are already in clinical use for bone regeneration. This review addresses the signaling mechanisms by which BMPs regulate cellular processes, the role of BMPs in articular cartilage development and joint formation, and the data that supports the use of BMPs for in vitro phenotypic support of articular chondrocyte cultures, chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and articular cartilage repair. Given the documented importance of BMP activity for normal joint formation, articular cartilage development and maintenance, the chondrogenic activity of BMPs when applied to MSC cultures and the encouraging outcomes of several in vivo cartilage repair studies, BMP therapies hold considerable promise for effective cartilage repair and/or regeneration. Future advances in the control of BMP elution from biocompatible matrices and prolonged, dose-controlled BMP expression by genetically engineered cells should substantially improve cartilage repair strategies using BMPs and similar chondro-protective proteins. 相似文献
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BMP-2 and -6 modulate porcine theca cell function alone and co-cultured with granulosa cells 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are emerging as a family of proteins crucial in the regulation of fertility and ovulation rate. We have shown that porcine theca cells express BMP receptors, however, there is a paucity of information regarding the effect(s) of BMPs on theca cell function. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of BMP-2 and -6 on theca cells cultured under serum-free conditions in terms of steroidogenesis, cAMP release and proliferation. The study was further extended to determine whether BMP responses in theca cells are affected by the addition of granulosa cells to the culture system. Both BMPs suppressed progesterone and androstenedione synthesis by theca cells (P < 0.05) after 144 h in culture. Oestradiol synthesis was suppressed (P < 0.05) by BMP-2, but not BMP-6, and theca cell proliferation was stimulated (P < 0.05) by BMP-6, but not BMP-2, after 144 h in culture. Both BMP-2 and -6 inhibited cAMP release (P < 0.05) by theca cells. Furthermore, progesterone and androstenedione synthesis by co-cultured theca and granulosa cells were suppressed (P < 0.05) whereas cell proliferation was stimulated (P < 0.05). These results provide strong evidence for a functional BMP system in the porcine ovary and that theca cells are responsive to BMPs in terms of steroidogenesis and proliferation. BMP-2 and -6 may have a role as luteinisation inhibitors in this polyovular species. 相似文献
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S A Martinez T Walker 《Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice》1999,29(5):1207-1219
Bone grafting provides a method of enhancing bone healing in veterinary orthopedic patients. Specifically, autogenous cancellous bone graft provides the cellular components and matrix proteins that can accelerate bone healing, dramatically. Allografts provide immediate mechanical support for fracture repair and patient function, but these grafts do not create the osteogenic environment seen with the use of autogenous cancellous bone graft. Xenograft bone implants may also hold a place for use in fracture management. With the advent of recombinant bone-derived tissue growth factor technology, bone grafting may some day become a practiced technique of the past. For now, however, bone grafting still holds a strong place in orthopedic surgery when dealing with bone defects in animals. 相似文献
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Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells: From Characterization of Neural Differentiation to a Possible Therapeutic Use in Neurodegeneration 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Bone marrow derived stromal cells are of mesenchymal origin and precursor cells for skeletal tissue components such as chondroblasts and osteoblasts. Furthermore, under experimental conditions, a differentiation potency into myogenic and neuronal cells could be demonstrated. Because of their multipotency these cells represent a population of non-haematogen stem cells that can be regarded as an alternative to human embryonic stem cells for future autologous cell replacement therapies. For a closer look at the differentiation capacity of these cells, rat and human bone marrow stromal cells were isolated from the femur bone and kept in the cell culture applying different cultivation protocols. In a cultivation medium with a serum content of 20%, the majority of these cells express a variety of neuronal markers such as ß-III Tubulin and NeuN as well as the astrocyte marker GFAP, while a minority of about 20% express the marker for neural precursor cells nestin. Cultivation in a chemically defined serum free medium results in the differentiation of a markedly higher percentage of nestin positive neural precursor-like cells. Using bFGF in combination with B27 these cells can be forced to form three dimensionally organized spheres. In order to elucidate a possible therapeutical potency of the bone marrow derived cells the synthesis of neurotrophic factors such as BDNF and NGF were analysed using the ELISA technique. Furthermore, they can be infected using a third generation adenoviral vector with high efficiency and show migratory activity in vitro . After injection of bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells into the lateral ventricle of adult rats they adhere to the ependymocytes and pass the ependymal barrier in order to settle in the subventricular space. 相似文献
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Bmp/Smad信号通路及其在哺乳动物卵巢发育中的作用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《中国畜牧杂志》2019,(8)
开展绵羊多羔性状基因的研究对于揭示其分子调控机制和提高绵羊繁殖力具有重要意义。骨形态发生蛋白(BMPs)为转化生长因子-β(TGF-β)超家族成员,与哺乳动物繁殖活动密切相关。研究表明,BMPs可促使原始卵泡向次级卵泡转化,对哺乳动物卵巢颗粒细胞增殖、生殖激素的合成和分泌以及卵母细胞成熟和排卵等方面起重要调节作用,而BMPs发挥功能主要依赖于经典的Bmp/Smad信号通路。本文就Bmp/Smad信号通路成员的表达、对早期胚胎发育的影响以及在哺乳动物卵巢发育中的作用等方面的研究进行总结,以期为进一步研究BMPs及其信号通路的调控机制提供参考。 相似文献
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Mylonakis ME Koutinas AF Leontides LS 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2006,35(3):311-314
BACKGROUND: Bone marrow mastocytosis has been reported rarely in naturally occurring canine monocytic ehrlichiosis (CME). OBJECTIVES: The aims of the present study were to estimate the prevalence and magnitude of bone marrow mastocytosis in a case series of dogs with natural CME and to assess the association, if any, between mastocytosis and the clinical severity of the disease. METHODS: Seventy-six dogs with confirmed CME (Ehrlichia canis) were included in the study. Affected dogs were allocated into group A (n = 51) without bone marrow hypoplasia and group B (n = 25) with bone marrow hypoplasia. Twenty clinically healthy Beagles not previously exposed to E canis served as controls (group C). The main inclusion criteria for group A were documentation of normocellular to hypercellular bone marrow and complete clinical cure following a 4-week treatment with doxycycline, while those for group B were bone marrow hypoplasia and lack of response to doxycycline. Bone marrow aspirate smears from all 96 dogs were Giemsa-stained and examined for the presence of mast cells, which were calculated as a percentage of 1,000 nucleated cells (NCs). The prevalence of mastocytosis was compared among the 3 groups by the Pearson's chi-square test. RESULTS: Bone marrow mastocytosis (>0.1% of NCs) was found in 5 (20%) dogs in group B (range, 0.5-2.5% of NCs; median, 1% of NCs). One dog in each of groups A and C had 0.1% mast cells in the marrow. The prevalence of bone marrow mastocytosis in dogs in group B was significantly higher (P = .004) than in groups A and C. CONCLUSION: Bone marrow mastocytosis can be seen in a substantial number of dogs with E canis-induced myelosuppression. 相似文献
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骨髓间充质干细胞的研究进展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
骨髓间充质干细胞是存在于骨髓中的除造血干细胞以外的另一类具有多向分化潜能的干细胞。在一定的诱导条件下 ,这类细胞可定向分化为多种造血以外组织 ,特别是中胚层和神经外胚层来源的组织细胞。例如成骨细胞、成软骨细胞、脂肪细胞、腱细胞、肌肉细胞、神经细胞等。骨髓间充质干细胞具有贴壁生长的特性 ,在体外易分离和扩增 ,还易于外源基因的转入和表达 ,在人类医学上被认为是一种理想的治疗性细胞和基因治疗中的靶细胞。本文针对骨髓间充质干细胞的研究进展和在临床医学上的应用进行综述 相似文献
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Oocyte-somatic cell-endocrine interactions in pigs 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Hunter MG Brankin V Quinn RL Ferguson EM Edwards SA Ashworth CJ 《Domestic animal endocrinology》2005,29(2):371-384
Oocyte-somatic cell communication is bi-directional and essential for both oocyte and follicular granulosa and theca cell function and development. We have shown that the oocyte secretes factors that stimulate porcine granulosa cell proliferation in serum-free culture, and suppress progesterone production, thereby preventing premature luteinisation. Possible candidates for mediating some of these effects are the bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) that belong to the transforming growth factor beta family. They are emerging as a family of proteins critical for fertility and ovulation rate in several mammals, and they are expressed in various cell types in the ovary. We have evidence for a functional BMP system in the porcine ovary and BMP receptors are present in the egg nests in the fetal ovary and in the granulosa cells, oocytes and occasional theca cells throughout subsequent development. In addition to paracrine interactions in the ovary, the porcine oocyte and its developmental potential can also be influenced by nutritional manipulation in vivo. We have demonstrated that feeding a high plane of nutrition to gilts for 19 days prior to ovulation increased oocyte quality compared to control animals fed a maintenance diet, as determined by oocyte maturation in vitro. This was associated with a number of changes in circulating reproductive and metabolic hormones and also in the follicular fluid in which the oocyte is nurtured. Further studies showed a similar increase in prenatal survival on Day 30 of gestation, demonstrating a direct link between oocyte quality/maturation and embryo survival. Collectively, these studies emphasise the importance of the interactions that occur between the oocyte and somatic cells and also with endocrine hormones for ovarian development, and ultimately for the production of oocytes with optimal developmental potential. 相似文献
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Bone grafting 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
J W Alexander 《Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice》1987,17(4):811-819
Bone grafts in clinical practice are primarily used to help achieve bony union in cases of indolent healing of fractures or pseudoarthrosis; to supplement the healing of certain fresh fractures; to promote fusion (arthrodesis) of joints damaged by injury, disease, or deformity, and to fill defects in bone created by tumors, chronic infection, or injury. This article considers the types and functions of bone grafts. 相似文献
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骨形态发生蛋白7(Bone morphogenetic proteins7,BMP7)是一类与骨骼发育密切相关的酸性多肽,属于TGF-β超家族,能够诱导血管周围及结缔组织中的间充质细胞向骨细胞方向分化。近期研究结果表明,BMP7在哺乳动物棕色脂肪组织发育过程中发挥重要作用。目前还没有关于鸡BMP7基因表达规律的研究。本研究以东北农业大学高脂系肉鸡为试验材料,采用半定量RT-PCR的方法检测BMP7基因在不同组织中的表达特性,发现BMP7在鸡23种组织中均有表达;采用半定量RT-PCR和Real-time PCR的方法检测BMP7基因在高、低脂系肉鸡脂肪组织间的表达差异,发现BMP7基因在高脂系肉鸡脂肪组织中的表达量显著高于低脂系(P<0.05)。本研究为进一步揭示BMP7基因与鸡脂肪组织发育之间的关系奠定了基础。 相似文献
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OBJECTIVE: To review the delivery of growth factors using gene therapy for enhancing long-bone fracture healing. STUDY DESIGN: Literature review. METHODS: MEDLINE and CAB Abstracts literature search (1980-2004). RESULTS: Non-union and infected non-union are relatively common complications of long-bone fractures in human and veterinary patients. Growth factors are cytokines that regulate many cell functions important in fracture healing. Exogenous growth factors can be delivered to the fracture site as recombinant proteins or using gene therapy. Recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 and -7 (rhBMP-2 and -7), in particular, enhance fracture healing in numerous experimental and clinical studies. Some limitations with use of recombinant proteins may be overcome by use of gene therapy. Gene therapy involves delivery of the growth factor gene to cells at the fracture site using a viral or non-viral vector. The gene is then expressed (protein synthesis) by cells at the fracture site. Delivery of the BMP gene to the fracture site using gene therapy has been evaluated in laboratory animal models of non-union, with favorable results and without complications. CONCLUSION: Delivery of growth factors, particularly members of BMP family, to the fracture site using gene therapy may be a method to enhance fracture healing. Use of this technology may improve the prognosis for patients with long-bone fractures. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Clinical application of gene therapy could improve the prognosis for human and veterinary patients with long-bone fractures, but has not been evaluated clinically. 相似文献
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本研究旨在建立蒙古羊骨髓间充质干细胞(bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell,BMSC)体外分离、纯化、增殖方法,诱导其向脂肪细胞、成骨细胞及软骨细胞分化。穿刺法抽取蒙古羊骨髓组织,采用密度梯度离心法结合贴壁培养法分离纯化BMSC,增殖,并测定其生长曲线及细胞倍增时间。对第3代蒙古羊BMSC进行成脂、成骨及成软骨诱导,观察诱导后的细胞形态。采用油红O、茜素红、HE等染色法在组织学水平对BMSC进行成脂、成骨和成软骨分化鉴定。结果显示,蒙古羊BMSC呈现均一梭形成纤维细胞样生长,生长曲线呈S型,生长增殖能力良好。在不同分化诱导之后,细胞呈现脂肪细胞、成骨细胞及软骨细胞的表型特征。表明获得的蒙古羊BMSC具有多向分化潜能,所分离细胞确为骨髓间充质干细胞。 相似文献
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Bone is a tissue composed of organic (cells and matrix) and inorganic (mineral) components. When the mechanical strength of bone is exceeded, fracture occurs. Healing progresses through inflammatory, reparative, and remodeling phases similar to other tissues, but, unlike other tissues, bone possesses the unique capability to completely regenerate and return to pre-injury strength. The bone healing process is influenced by many factors, including mechanical stress, biochemical mediators, bioelectric and piezoelectric properties, and neural and endocrine influences. In short, any factor capable of altering the metabolism of osteogenic cells can influence bone healing. 相似文献
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Since the discovery of bone marrow derived stromal cell osteogenesis in the 1960s, tissue engineering with adult multipotent stromal cells (MSCs) has evolved as a promising approach to restore structure and function of bone compromised by injury or disease. To date, accelerated bone formation with MSCs has been demonstrated with a variety of tissue engineering strategies. Though MSC bone tissue engineering has advanced over the last few decades, limitations to clinical translation remain. A current review of this promising field is presented with a specific focus on equine investigations. 相似文献