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1.
壳聚糖对梨汁澄清效果研究初报 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
果汁澄清技术是果汁加工的关键技术之一。着重研究壳聚糖澄清梨汁的工艺参数及条件：通过单因素实验研究壳聚糖添加量、澄清时间、果汁温度对梨汁澄清度的影响,选出较合适的工艺参数：壳聚糖添加量0.20 g/L,澄清时间1.0h,果汁温度35℃;然后又通过正交实验对壳聚糖澄清梨汁的工艺条件进行优化。试验结果表明：在温度35℃、壳聚糖添加量为0.28g/L、澄清1.0h的条件下,所得梨汁透光率达到97%以上,梨汁澄清透明、色泽自然、梨香浓郁。 相似文献
2.
以明胶、壳聚糖、壳聚糖-皂土作为澄清剂对蜂蜜菊芋酒进行澄清处理,筛选澄清剂并确定最佳澄清工艺。结果表明,蜂蜜菊芋酒的最佳澄清剂为壳聚糖-皂土复合澄清剂;通过正交试验得到蜂蜜菊芋酒的最佳澄清工艺为:壳聚糖添加量0.06%,皂土添加量0.10%,澄清温度35℃。通过澄清处理过的蜂蜜菊芋酒于室温存放6个月后,透光率高达91.6%,无沉淀,澄清效果好。 相似文献
3.
《农产品加工．学刊》2021,(13)
为探究慈姑甘蔗汁的澄清工艺,以透光率为指标,选取瓜尔豆胶、明胶、羧甲基纤维素钠及壳聚糖,通过单因素试验结合正交试验,研究澄清剂对慈姑甘蔗汁澄清度的影响。结果表明,慈姑甘蔗复合饮料澄清的最佳工艺条件为瓜尔豆胶添加量0.04%,明胶添加量0.20%,羧甲基纤维素钠添加量0.25%,壳聚糖添加量0.03%,具有较好的澄清效果。 相似文献
4.
以沙棘鲜果为原料,通过酶解、酒精发酵、澄清处理等工艺,并采用正交试验方法对沙棘发酵酒酿造工艺中的主要影响因素进行优化。结果表明,影响沙棘发酵酒酒精度的主要因素依次为:酵母接种量>发酵温度>SO2添加量,酒精发酵最佳工艺组合为:酵母接种量为0.08%,发酵温度为28℃,SO2质量浓度为80 mg/L,在该最佳条件下的酒精度为11.7%。通过澄清试验确定壳聚糖澄清效果较好,质量浓度为1 200 mg/L时,沙棘发酵酒透光率达95%。生产的沙棘发酵酒果香浓郁,具有较高的营养价值。 相似文献
5.
果胶酶对香蕉汁澄清的工艺研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
研究了果胶酶对香蕉汁的工艺澄清条件,结果表明,采用果胶酶对香蕉汁进行澄清处理,果胶酶添加量为0.03%,在pH值为3.5,温度为45℃,处理60min,果汁的透光率大于97%。果胶酶能有效地去除香蕉汁中的果胶物质。 相似文献
6.
壳聚糖对水蜜桃汁的澄清效果初报 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
用壳聚糖对水蜜桃汁进行澄清试验的结果表明,壳聚糖用量为0.3~1.2g/L、温度40~55℃、pH3.0~4.5的工艺条件下澄清水蜜桃汁,透光率达86%以上,果汁中的可溶性固形物含量基本不变。通过正交试验,得出壳聚糖对水蜜桃汁澄清的最适工艺条件是：壳聚糖用量为0.4g/L,温度为40℃,pH为4.5。 相似文献
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9.
《农产品加工．学刊》2016,(18)
利用壳聚糖、明胶、蛋清液、琼脂及壳聚糖-明胶复合澄清剂对椪柑发酵原酒进行澄清处理,测定椪柑酒的吸光度、透光率,并观察沉淀和椪柑酒颜色的变化情况。结果表明,5种澄清剂的澄清效果优劣顺序依次为壳聚糖琼脂壳聚糖-明胶复合澄清剂明胶蛋清液,最佳澄清方式为椪柑酒中添加4%的壳聚糖溶液(1%),透光率达到96%,形成沉淀较为紧实,所得椪柑酒澄清透亮,酒体为金黄色。 相似文献
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11.
Jens Jensen 《Euphytica》1979,28(1):47-56
Summary The high-lysine gene in Risø mutant 1508 conditions an increased lysine content in the endosperm via a changed protein composition, a decreased seed size, and several other characters of the seed. The designation lys3a, lys3b, and lys3c, is proposed for the allelic high-lysine genes in three Risø mutants, nos 1508, 18, and 19. Linkage studies with translocations locate the lys3 locus in the centromere region of chromosome 7. A linkage study involving the loci lys3 and ddt (resistance to DDT) together with the marker loci fs (fragile stem), s (short rachilla hairs), and r (smooth awn) show that the order of the five loci on chromosome 7 from the long to the short chromosome arm is r, s, fs, lys3, ddt. The distance from locus r to locus ddt is about 100 centimorgans. 相似文献
12.
Biological Activity and Quantification of Suspected Allelochemicals from Alfalfa Plant Parts 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
Autotoxicity restricts reseeding of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) after alfalfa until autotoxic chemical(s) breaks down or is dispersed into external environments. A series of aqueous extracts from leaves, stems, roots and seeds of alfalfa ‘Vernal’ were bioassayed against alfalfa seedlings of the same cultivar to determine their autotoxicity. The highest inhibition was found in the extracts from the leaves. Extracts at 40 g dry tissue l?1 from alfalfa leaves were 15.4, 17.5 and 28.7 times more toxic to alfalfa root growth than were those from roots, stems and seeds, respectively. A high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis with nine standard compounds showed that the concentrations and compositions of allelopathic compounds depended on the plant parts. In leaf extracts that showed the most inhibitory effect on root growth, the highest amounts of allelochemicals were detected. Among nine phenolic compounds assayed for their phytotoxicity on root growth of alfalfa, coumarin, trans‐cinnamic acid and o‐coumaric acid at 10?3 m were most inhibitory. The type and amount of causative allelochemicals found in alfalfa plant parts were highly correlated with the results of the bioassay, indicating that the autotoxic effects of alfalfa plant parts significantly differed. 相似文献
13.
Hongyan WEI Jian ZHOU Jinguang LU Jingzheng SONG Qiongxi YU Zhihong JIANG 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):27-29
[Objectives]This study aimed to establish a QAMS(quantitative analysis of multi-components by single-marker)method for simultaneous determination of four phenol... 相似文献
14.
C. J. Spurr D. A. Fulton P. H. Brown R. J. Clark 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2002,188(4):275-280
Development of onion (Allium cepa L., cv. ‘Early Cream Gold’) seed under cool climate conditions in Tasmania, Australia occurred over a longer duration than previously reported, but similar patterns of change in yield components were recorded. In contrast to previous studies, umbel moisture content declined from 85 to 67 % over 57 days while seed moisture content decreased from 85 to 31 %. Seed yield continued to increase over the duration of crop development, with increasing seed weight compensating for seed loss resulting from capsule dehiscence in the later stages of maturation. Germination percentage was high and did not vary significantly from 53 to 77 days after full bloom (DAF), but mean germination time declined and uniformity of germination increased significantly over the same time period. The percentage abnormal seedlings declined with later harvest date, resulting in highest seed quality at 77 DAF. The results of this study suggest that the decision to harvest cool climate onion seed crops before capsule dehiscence will result in a loss of potential seed yield and quality. 相似文献
15.
Chunli TANG Fengxian ZHAO Hongxia CHEN Jiabao MA Jiangcun WEI Meiyan QIU Zhen XIE 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):60-65
[Objectives]To optimize the water extraction process of Chinese Herbal Compound Man Gan Ning and establish a method for its extraction and content determination... 相似文献
16.
D. A. Bond G. J. Jellis G. G. Rowland J. Le Guen L. D. Robertson S. A. Khalil L. Li-Juan 《Euphytica》1993,73(1-2):151-166
Progress is being made, mainly by ICARDA but also elsewhere, in breeding for resistance to Botrytis, AScochyta, Uromyces, and Orobanche; and some lines have resistance to more than one pathogen. The strategy is to extend multiple resistance but also to seek new and durable forms of resistance. Internationally coordinated programs are needed to maintain the momentum of this work.Tolerance of abiotic stresses leads to types suited to dry or cold environments rather than broad adaptability, but in this cross-pollinated species, the more hybrid vigor expressed by a cultivar, the more it is likely to tolerate various stresses. 相似文献
17.
Summary Apple and pear pollen was irradiated with doses of 0, 50, 100, 250 and 500 krad (gamma rays) and stored at 4°C and 0–10% r.h. From the in-vitro germination percentages an average LD 50 dose of about 220 krad was estimated. For both irradiated and untreated pollen a close and corresponding lineair relationship existed between germination percentage and pollen tube growth.Irradiated pollen was much more sensitive to dry storage conditions than untreated pollen, resulting in less germination and more bursting. Apparently, irradiation caused the pollen cell membrane to lose its flexibility faster than normal. Rehydration of dry-stored, irradiated pollen in water-saturated air restored germination percentages up to their initial levels. The importance of this procedure in germination trials is stressed. 相似文献
18.
[Objectives] To determine the optimum extraction technology for total phenols of leaves in Acanthopanax giraldii Harms.[Methods]The single factor test and ortho... 相似文献
19.
E. Keep 《Euphytica》1986,35(3):843-855
Summary Cytoplasmic male sterility (cms) is described in the F1 hybrids Ribes × carrierei (R. glutinosum albidum × R. nigrum) and R. sanguineum × R. nigrum. In backcrosses to R. nigrum, progenies with R. glutinosum cytoplasm were either all male sterile, or segregated for full male fertility (F) and complete (S) and partial (I) male sterility. Ratios of F:I+S suggested that two linked genes controlled cms, F plants being dominant for one (Rf
1) and recessive for the other (Rf
2).Segregation for cms in relation to three linded genes, Ce (resistance to the gall mite, Cecidophyopsis ribes), Sph
3(resistance to American gooseberry mildew, Sphaerotheca mors-uvae) and Lf
1(one of two dominant additive genes controlling early season leafing out) indicated that Rf
1and Rf
2were in this linkage group. The gene order and approximate crossover values appeared to be: % MathType!MTEF!2!1!+-% feaafiart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn% hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXafv3ySLgzGmvETj2BSbqef0uAJj3BZ9Mz0bYu% H52CGmvzYLMzaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqr1ngBPrgifHhDYfgasa% acOqpw0xe9v8qqaqFD0xXdHaVhbbf9v8qqaqFr0xc9pk0xbba9q8Wq% Ffea0-yr0RYxir-Jbba9q8aq0-yq-He9q8qqQ8frFve9Fve9Ff0dme% aabaqaciGacaGaamqadaabaeaafaaakeaacaWGdbGaamyzamaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGWaGaaiOlaiaacgdacaGG0aGaaiiiaiaacc% caaaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaamOuaiaadAgaliaaigdakmaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaaccdacaGGUaGaaiOmaiaacs% dacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaaaacaWGsbGaamOzaSGa% aGOmaOWaaWaaaeaacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacc% cacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccaaaGaamitaiaadAgaliaaigdakmaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacc% cacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaaaaiaadofacaWGWbGaamiAaSGa% aG4maaaa!6E4D!\[Ce\underline { 0.14 } Rf1\underline { 0.24 } Rf2\underline { } Lf1\underline { } Sph3\]. Crossover values of 0.36 for Ce-Lf
1, and 0.15 for Lf
1-Sph
3were estimated from the relative mean differences in season of leafing out between seedlings dominant and recessive for Ce and Sph
3.It is suggested that competitive disadvantage of lf
1-carrying gametes and/or zygotes at low temperatures may be implicated in the almost invariable deficit of plants dominant for the closely linked mildew resistance allele Sph
3. Poor performance of lf
1- (and possibly lf
2-) carrying gametes and young zygotes during periods of low temperature at flowering might also account for the liability of some late season cultivars and selections to premature fruit drop (running off). 相似文献
20.
Parasitic angiosperms cause great losses in many important crops under different climatic conditions and soil types. The most widespread and important parasitic angiosperms belong to the genera Orobanche, Striga, and Cuscuta. The most important economical hosts belong to the Poaceae, Asteraceae, Solanaceae, Cucurbitaceae, and Fabaceae. Although some resistant cultivars have been identified in several crops, great gaps exist in our knowledge of the parasites and the genetic basis of the resistance, as well as the availability of in vitro screening techniques. Screening techniques are based on reactions of the host root or foliage. In vitro or greenhouse screening methods based on the reaction of root and/or foliar tissues are usually superior to field screenings and can be used with many species. To utilize them in plant breeding, it is necessary to demonstrate a strong correlation between in vitro and field data. The correlation should be calculated for every environment in which selection is practiced. Using biochemical analysis as a screening technique has had limited success. The reason seems to be the complex host-parasite interactions which lead to germination, rhizotropism, infection, and growth of the parasite. Germination results from chemicals produced by the host. Resistance is only available in a small group of crops. Resistance has been found in cultivated, primitive and wild forms, depending on the specific host-parasite system. An additional problem is the existence of pathotypes in the parasites. Inheritance of host resistance is usually polygenic and its transfer is slow and tedious. Molecular techniques have yet to be used to locate resistance to parasitic angiosperms. While intensifying the search for genes that control resistance to specific parasitic angiosperms, the best strategy to screen for resistance is to improve the already existing in vitro or greenhouse screening techniques. 相似文献