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1.
谷子弯孢病菌(Cochliobolus lunatus)为谷子上重要的叶部病害,发生严重时会影响谷子的产量及品质.为了解MAPK级联途径在谷子弯孢病菌发育及致病性中的作用,根据已知植物病原真菌MAPK基因的保守结构域设计简并引物,通过PCR扩增法获得了谷子弯孢病菌MAPK基因的同源片段,并利用RACE技术获得了基因的全长cDNA 序列,该基因命名为Clmk-1.Clmk-1基因开放阅读框为1065bp,编码354个氨基酸,并且含有MAPK基因的保守的TGY和CD基序.聚类分析结果表明,谷子弯孢病菌Clmk-1基因与其他植物病原真菌Hog1类似MAPK基因的同源性很高.利用Promoterscan软件发现,Clmk-1基因启动子区含有热激转录因子(HSF)、ADR转录因子和GCR转录因子的结合元件.MAPK途径特异性抑制剂U0126抑制谷子弯孢的孢子萌发及芽管发育.研究初步表明,Clmk-1基因为Hog1类似MAPK基因,可能与渗透胁迫相关,并且MAPK级联途径参与病菌孢子萌发及芽管形态建成.克隆的Clmk-1基因为进一步研究谷子弯孢病菌MAPK基因的功能奠定基础. 相似文献
2.
阿魏氯仿提取物对7种玉米病害的离体抑菌活性比较 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
采用生长速率法和孢子萌发法测定了阿魏氯仿提取物对引起玉米病害的7种病原菌(小斑病菌、弯孢霉叶斑病菌、链格孢叶斑病病菌、圆斑病菌、顶腐病菌、青枯病菌和瘤黑粉病菌)的菌丝生长和孢子萌发的影响。结果表明,对于同一种病原菌来说,阿魏氯仿提取物对其菌丝生长的抑制效果好于对其孢子萌发的抑制效果;对顶腐病菌菌丝生长的抑制效果最好,EC50只有46.66 mg/L;可引起大中型分生孢子畸形。 相似文献
3.
克隆获得生物防治菌棘孢木霉（T. asperellum）ACCC30536 菌株葡聚糖酶基因Glu41 的cDNA序列和DNA序列,cDNA和DNA的GenBank接受号分别为KJ541741 和KJ541742,编码区长度为1134bp,编码378 个氨基酸。克隆获得的启动子序列长度1500bp,含有6 个逆境响应元件。BlastP 相似性分析表明该基因与Glyco-hydrolase-16 家族中棘孢木霉CBS433.97 基因同源性最高相似度是60%,SignalP 信号肽分析显示N端第25 个和第26 个氨基酸中间存在一个信号肽剪切位点（AFA||AP）。Pfam 蛋白家族分析显示它属于Glyco-hydrolase-16 家族的葡聚糖酶基因。将棘孢木霉ACCC30536 菌株葡聚糖酶基因Glu41 基因对Glyco-hydrolase-16 家族中木霉属的CBS433.97 基因组进行同源性搜索,在基因组上获得4个同源序列。4 个同源基因表达中仅有Glu41 在杨树根茎叶粉的诱导条件下表达。表明棘孢木霉葡聚糖酶基因Glu41 与生物防治相关。 相似文献
4.
棘孢木霉T4小分子疏水蛋白基因hyb2克隆及序列分析 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
为了深入研究生物防治菌棘孢木霉T4菌株小分子疏水蛋白hyb2的功能,基于已知小分子疏水蛋白基因hyb2部分cDNA序列设计引物,分别以棘孢木霉T4菌株菌丝体总mRNA和基因组DNA为模板,进行PCR扩增,克隆获得hyb2的全长cDNA和DNA序列,其GenBank接受号分别为JX014433和JX185070,cDNA序列编码区长度为321 bp,编码106个氨基酸。BlastP相似性分析表明该基因与深绿木霉的Tahyd5a (ABS59366)基因同源性最高为87%,SignalP信号肽分析表明N端第16和17个氨基酸中间有一个信号肽剪切位点(AFA||AP)。Pfam蛋白家族分析表明它属于hydrophobin_2 superfamily家族。将棘孢木霉T4菌株小分子疏水蛋白基因hyb2对深绿木霉ATCC74058基因组和绿色木霉Gv29-8基因组进行同源性搜索,在2个近缘种的基因组上分别获得9个和8个同源序列。其中,深绿木霉ATCC74058的hyb-a-7和绿色木霉Gv29-8的hyb-v-5疏水蛋白与棘孢木霉Hyb2相似性最高分别为87%和70%,2个序列分别位于深绿木霉ATCC74058染色体骨架5和绿色木霉Gv29-8染色体骨架22上。 相似文献
5.
胡杨核转录因子PeNF-YB1克隆及其干旱响应表达 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
为阐明木本植物中核转录Y因子B亚基蛋白(NF-YB)及其编码基因在抗旱转录调控中的机制,运用生物信息学知识和方法,采用PCR克隆技术,以模式树种毛果杨基因组核转录Y因子B亚基蛋白同源序列为参考,从胡杨叶组织基因组材料中反转录获取了核酸长度为543 bp的目标基因PeNF-YB1。该基因编码的蛋白具有螺旋-环-螺旋二级结构,含有NF-YB蛋白保守结构域和功能氨基酸,不含核定位信号肽;GFP亚细胞定位表明该基因在核中表达;PEG6000溶液干旱胁迫下,该基因表达具有早期上调、延后转为下调的响应变化。研究认为克隆的PeNF-YB1是植物NF-YB亚基基因家族成员,并在干旱早期响应过程中起转录表达作用。研究结果不仅说明了NF-YB转录因子在木本植物中的抗旱作用,也为树木抗旱调控机制的阐明提供了重要参考。 相似文献
6.
试验主要分析了不同玉米品种弯孢霉叶斑病的抗性与降雨量之间的关系，结果表明：近三年来，在聊城玉米弯孢霉叶斑病发生并不严重，其发病程度主要受到7月和8月总降雨量的影响，发病程度随降雨量的增加而明显加重，且品种抗病性越弱病情增加越明显，但6月下旬的降雨量对弯孢霉叶斑病的发病程度的影响不明显。 相似文献
7.
为了解香蕉枯萎病菌(Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense)4号生理小种(FOC4)PL基因序列特征,根据同源物种PL相关序列设计引物,利用PCR和RT-PCR技术,克隆了FOC4序列基因,命名为pl2-FOC4。PL基因DNA序列由3个内含子和4个外显子组成。其cDNA编码区包含了831 bp的片段,编码276个氨基酸。预测编码蛋白有信号肽,其分子质量和等电点分为30271.9 Da和5.06,该蛋白为稳定存在的蛋白。PL2-FOC4具有5个N-糖基化位点,4个蛋白激酶C磷酸化位点,5个酪蛋白激酶Ⅱ磷酸化位点,3个豆蔻酸位点。该基因编码的蛋白具有一定保守性,进化上与镰刀菌亲缘关系最近。 相似文献
8.
植物中存在包括钙调蛋白(CaM)、钙依赖性蛋白激酶(CDPK)、钙调神经磷酸酶B亚基样蛋白(CBL)和环核苷酸门控通道(CNGC)等参与钙信号传导的基因家族。本研究旨在探讨拟南芥钙代谢相关基因家族在高钙胁迫响应中的作用,以及解淀粉芽孢杆菌LZ04对这些基因的调控作用。我们发现,解淀粉芽孢杆菌LZ04可提高拟南芥对高钙胁迫的抗性。在拟南芥基因组中共检测到钙代谢相关基因家族104个基因,包括34个CDPK基因、20个CNGC基因、18个CIPK基因、22个IQD基因和10个CBP基因。104个钙代谢相关基因在染色体上的分布不均匀且外显子数目丰富。解淀粉芽孢杆菌LZ04通过调控钙代谢相关基因家族中的部分成员,增强了拟南芥对高钙胁迫的抗性。功能富集分析显示,第42号表达谱中聚集的基因在蛋白磷酸化和蛋白修饰过程中富集,可能是淀粉芽孢杆菌LZ04在高钙胁迫下的调控基因。这些结果对高钙胁迫地区的农业改良有一定的参考价值。 相似文献
9.
BiP(binding protein)基因编码的蛋白是一类重要的分子伴侣,在动植物的逆境胁迫响应过程中具有重要的作用。从玉米抗旱自交系旱21中分离到分子伴侣基因ZmBiP2,序列分析结果显示,该基因开放阅读框长1989 bp,编码含663个氨基酸的蛋白,包含热激蛋白家族特有的TVIGIDLGTTYSC保守结构域和ATP结合位点。实时荧光定量PCR结果显示,Zm Bi P2基因在玉米的雄穗和子房中表达量最高;在盐、甘露醇胁迫条件下,该基因在植株的地上部分上调表达。过量表达Zm Bi P2基因的拟南芥转基因株系在种子萌发时期对盐和甘露醇胁迫的耐受能力减弱,在苗期对盐胁迫敏感。推测在植物响应非生物胁迫的过程中,过量表达的ZmBiP2蛋白可能发挥负调节蛋白的功能。 相似文献
10.
小麦品种“陕253”低分子量谷蛋白亚基基因的克隆及原核表达 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5
利用LMW-GS特异引物,从强筋小麦品种陕253中克隆了1个1 498 bp的片段(GenBank登录号为FJ172533),该片段包含全长为912 bp的低分子量谷蛋白亚基的完整编码序列.经比较推导氨基酸序列的同源性,发现该基因属于Glu-D3位点编码低分子量谷蛋白亚基的基因,编码产物N-端具有LMW-m型低分子量谷蛋白亚基的典型特征,系统演化分析也支持这一结果.构建了该基因的表达载体pET32a-GluD3-S253,在宿主菌E. coll Rosetta-gami B(DE3)中经IPTG诱导表达融合蛋白.SDS-PAGE和Western blot检测表达产物,证实融合蛋白表达成功. 相似文献
11.
Jens Jensen 《Euphytica》1979,28(1):47-56
Summary The high-lysine gene in Risø mutant 1508 conditions an increased lysine content in the endosperm via a changed protein composition, a decreased seed size, and several other characters of the seed. The designation lys3a, lys3b, and lys3c, is proposed for the allelic high-lysine genes in three Risø mutants, nos 1508, 18, and 19. Linkage studies with translocations locate the lys3 locus in the centromere region of chromosome 7. A linkage study involving the loci lys3 and ddt (resistance to DDT) together with the marker loci fs (fragile stem), s (short rachilla hairs), and r (smooth awn) show that the order of the five loci on chromosome 7 from the long to the short chromosome arm is r, s, fs, lys3, ddt. The distance from locus r to locus ddt is about 100 centimorgans. 相似文献
12.
G. H. Kroon 《Euphytica》1994,76(1-2):125-125
Summary
K x vadensis is a hybrid of K. blossfeldiana and K. marmorata obtained after doubling the number of chromosomes. 相似文献
13.
Hongyan WEI Jian ZHOU Jinguang LU Jingzheng SONG Qiongxi YU Zhihong JIANG 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):27-29
[Objectives]This study aimed to establish a QAMS(quantitative analysis of multi-components by single-marker)method for simultaneous determination of four phenol... 相似文献
14.
Summary Avoidance of rust fungi that was based on poor appressorium induction was previously found in Hordeum chilense. In the present study 95 accessions of Triticeae were screened for avoidance of Puccinia hordei. The percentage of appressorium formation per germinated spore ranged from 6 to 90%. On none of the 41 accessions of Aegilops, Agropyron, Elymus, Secale, Thinopyrum or Triticum studied was the rate of appressorium formation lower than 25%. Lower rates of appressorium formation were, however, found on accessions of wild barley species Hordeum brachyantherum, H. marinum, H. parodii and H. secalinum. Its implications in cereal breeding are discussed. 相似文献
15.
D. A. Bond G. J. Jellis G. G. Rowland J. Le Guen L. D. Robertson S. A. Khalil L. Li-Juan 《Euphytica》1993,73(1-2):151-166
Progress is being made, mainly by ICARDA but also elsewhere, in breeding for resistance to Botrytis, AScochyta, Uromyces, and Orobanche; and some lines have resistance to more than one pathogen. The strategy is to extend multiple resistance but also to seek new and durable forms of resistance. Internationally coordinated programs are needed to maintain the momentum of this work.Tolerance of abiotic stresses leads to types suited to dry or cold environments rather than broad adaptability, but in this cross-pollinated species, the more hybrid vigor expressed by a cultivar, the more it is likely to tolerate various stresses. 相似文献
16.
Chunli TANG Fengxian ZHAO Hongxia CHEN Jiabao MA Jiangcun WEI Meiyan QIU Zhen XIE 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):60-65
[Objectives]To optimize the water extraction process of Chinese Herbal Compound Man Gan Ning and establish a method for its extraction and content determination... 相似文献
17.
E. Keep 《Euphytica》1986,35(3):843-855
Summary Cytoplasmic male sterility (cms) is described in the F1 hybrids Ribes × carrierei (R. glutinosum albidum × R. nigrum) and R. sanguineum × R. nigrum. In backcrosses to R. nigrum, progenies with R. glutinosum cytoplasm were either all male sterile, or segregated for full male fertility (F) and complete (S) and partial (I) male sterility. Ratios of F:I+S suggested that two linked genes controlled cms, F plants being dominant for one (Rf
1) and recessive for the other (Rf
2).Segregation for cms in relation to three linded genes, Ce (resistance to the gall mite, Cecidophyopsis ribes), Sph
3(resistance to American gooseberry mildew, Sphaerotheca mors-uvae) and Lf
1(one of two dominant additive genes controlling early season leafing out) indicated that Rf
1and Rf
2were in this linkage group. The gene order and approximate crossover values appeared to be: % MathType!MTEF!2!1!+-% feaafiart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn% hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXafv3ySLgzGmvETj2BSbqef0uAJj3BZ9Mz0bYu% H52CGmvzYLMzaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqr1ngBPrgifHhDYfgasa% acOqpw0xe9v8qqaqFD0xXdHaVhbbf9v8qqaqFr0xc9pk0xbba9q8Wq% Ffea0-yr0RYxir-Jbba9q8aq0-yq-He9q8qqQ8frFve9Fve9Ff0dme% aabaqaciGacaGaamqadaabaeaafaaakeaacaWGdbGaamyzamaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGWaGaaiOlaiaacgdacaGG0aGaaiiiaiaacc% caaaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaamOuaiaadAgaliaaigdakmaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaaccdacaGGUaGaaiOmaiaacs% dacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaaaacaWGsbGaamOzaSGa% aGOmaOWaaWaaaeaacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacc% cacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccaaaGaamitaiaadAgaliaaigdakmaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacc% cacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaaaaiaadofacaWGWbGaamiAaSGa% aG4maaaa!6E4D!\[Ce\underline { 0.14 } Rf1\underline { 0.24 } Rf2\underline { } Lf1\underline { } Sph3\]. Crossover values of 0.36 for Ce-Lf
1, and 0.15 for Lf
1-Sph
3were estimated from the relative mean differences in season of leafing out between seedlings dominant and recessive for Ce and Sph
3.It is suggested that competitive disadvantage of lf
1-carrying gametes and/or zygotes at low temperatures may be implicated in the almost invariable deficit of plants dominant for the closely linked mildew resistance allele Sph
3. Poor performance of lf
1- (and possibly lf
2-) carrying gametes and young zygotes during periods of low temperature at flowering might also account for the liability of some late season cultivars and selections to premature fruit drop (running off). 相似文献
18.
[Objectives] To determine the optimum extraction technology for total phenols of leaves in Acanthopanax giraldii Harms.[Methods]The single factor test and ortho... 相似文献
19.
Summary Apple and pear pollen was irradiated with doses of 0, 50, 100, 250 and 500 krad (gamma rays) and stored at 4°C and 0–10% r.h. From the in-vitro germination percentages an average LD 50 dose of about 220 krad was estimated. For both irradiated and untreated pollen a close and corresponding lineair relationship existed between germination percentage and pollen tube growth.Irradiated pollen was much more sensitive to dry storage conditions than untreated pollen, resulting in less germination and more bursting. Apparently, irradiation caused the pollen cell membrane to lose its flexibility faster than normal. Rehydration of dry-stored, irradiated pollen in water-saturated air restored germination percentages up to their initial levels. The importance of this procedure in germination trials is stressed. 相似文献
20.
Parasitic angiosperms cause great losses in many important crops under different climatic conditions and soil types. The most widespread and important parasitic angiosperms belong to the genera Orobanche, Striga, and Cuscuta. The most important economical hosts belong to the Poaceae, Asteraceae, Solanaceae, Cucurbitaceae, and Fabaceae. Although some resistant cultivars have been identified in several crops, great gaps exist in our knowledge of the parasites and the genetic basis of the resistance, as well as the availability of in vitro screening techniques. Screening techniques are based on reactions of the host root or foliage. In vitro or greenhouse screening methods based on the reaction of root and/or foliar tissues are usually superior to field screenings and can be used with many species. To utilize them in plant breeding, it is necessary to demonstrate a strong correlation between in vitro and field data. The correlation should be calculated for every environment in which selection is practiced. Using biochemical analysis as a screening technique has had limited success. The reason seems to be the complex host-parasite interactions which lead to germination, rhizotropism, infection, and growth of the parasite. Germination results from chemicals produced by the host. Resistance is only available in a small group of crops. Resistance has been found in cultivated, primitive and wild forms, depending on the specific host-parasite system. An additional problem is the existence of pathotypes in the parasites. Inheritance of host resistance is usually polygenic and its transfer is slow and tedious. Molecular techniques have yet to be used to locate resistance to parasitic angiosperms. While intensifying the search for genes that control resistance to specific parasitic angiosperms, the best strategy to screen for resistance is to improve the already existing in vitro or greenhouse screening techniques. 相似文献