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肉毒梭菌中毒症的防控 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
肉毒梭菌中毒症是一种由肉毒梭菌毒素引起的以运动神经麻痹为特征的中毒性疾病,人和多种动物均已感染该病主要对肉毒梭菌中毒症的病原、流行病学、临诊症状、诊断及防控措施作一介绍,以期为有效防控该病提供参考. 相似文献
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肉毒梭菌中毒症是一种由肉毒梭菌毒素引起的以运动神经麻痹为特征的中毒性疾病,人和多种动物均已感染该病。主要对肉毒梭菌中毒症的病原、流行病学、临诊症状、诊断及防控措施作一介绍,以期为有效防控该病提供参考。 相似文献
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肉毒梭菌中毒症又简称为肉毒中毒,是因动物机体吸收肉毒梭菌毒素而发生的一种人畜共患的中毒性疾病。临床上常常以造成动物运动神经中枢麻痹和延脑麻痹为主要特征。本病在马、牛、羊中发生肉毒梭菌中毒症曾屡有报道,但作为犬发生肉毒梭菌中毒症,笔者未曾见到有关的报道。现将我们于2009年2月在门诊收治一例发生肉毒梭菌中毒症报告如下： 相似文献
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肉毒梭菌中毒症是一种中毒性疾病,常发生于羊群饲养过程中,一旦出现,死亡率较高,会对养殖人员造成严重的经济损失。基于此,本文通过对肉毒梭菌中毒症进行调查,重点分析肉毒梭菌中毒症治疗方法,以期为相关人员提供一些参考意见。 相似文献
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《畜牧兽医科技信息》2015,(10)
<正>肉毒梭菌中毒症简称肉毒中毒,是机体吸收肉毒梭菌毒素后人兽共患的急性中毒病。临诊表现主要为运动神经进行性麻痹和延脑麻痹为特征,确诊需要进行实验室诊断。避免畜禽吃腐败的动物尸体和腐烂草料是预防的重点。早期治疗以抗生素为主,对症治疗可应用大剂量盐类泻剂。1流行病学肉毒梭菌的芽孢广泛分布于自然界,因此人类和动物的感染多来自自然界。人类肉毒中毒基本上都由食物中含有肉毒毒素所致。本病在鸭、鸡、牛、 相似文献
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肉毒中毒是由于吸收肉毒梭菌毒素而发生的一种中毒性疾病。以呈现运动中枢神经麻痹和延脑麻痹的症状为特征。2007年夏季,西昌两个鸭场种鸭群前后发生疑似肉毒梭菌中毒症。我们对其中的高草鸭场进行现场调查,结合临床症状和特异性毒素中和试验,确诊为种鸭C型肉毒梭菌中毒症。1现 相似文献
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H Sunagawa T Ohyama T Watanabe K Inoue 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》1992,54(5):905-913
The complete nucleotide sequence of Clostridium botulinum type D strain CB16 neurotoxin was determined and the deduced amino acid sequence is reported here for the first time. The structure and function of botulinum type D neurotoxin is discussed from a molecular biological viewpoint. DNA was extracted from toxin-converting phage d-16 phi of C. botulinum type D strain CB16, and a fragment (about 10 kbp) coding for the neurotoxin was cloned into Escherichia coli using lambda gt11. A 21-mer oligonucleotide which corresponds to Phe7 to Val13 of the partial amino acid sequence near the N-terminus of the type D neurotoxin was synthesized and used as a probe to identify the gene encoding type D neurotoxin. The nucleotide sequence contained a single open reading frame coding for 1,275 amino acids (molecular weight of 146,785) and the deduced amino acid sequence corresponded exactly to the partial amino acid sequences determined by direct microsequencing of the neurotoxin fragments. In the dichain molecule of the neurotoxin, Thr2 and Asn443 formed the N-termini of the light chain (M.W. 50,410) and heavy chain (M.W. 96,394) respectively, and these two chains were linked with a disulfide bond between Cys437 on the light chain and Cys450 on the heavy chain. The nucleotide sequence of the D-CB16 neurotoxin differed from that previously reported for type D neurotoxin by three nucleotides. 相似文献
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There is growing evidence that equine dysautonomia is a toxicoinfection with Clostridium botulinum type C. The possibility that feline dysautonomia has the same aetiology was investigated by attempting to detect botulinum type C neurotoxin in the food, faeces and the contents of the ileum of affected cats, and by serology. The toxin was detected directly in four of eight affected cats and after enrichment in seven of them, and in their dried food. No toxin was detected in healthy control cats or in their tinned food. Recent exposure to the organism was assessed by the detection of immunoglobulin A (IgA) in the faeces of healthy control cats and affected cats. The levels of IgA antibodies to the toxin and to surface antigens of C. botulinum type C in the faeces of the affected cats 14 weeks after the outbreak were significantly higher than in the faeces of the control cats. 相似文献
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Böhnel H Wernery U Gessler F 《Journal of veterinary medicine. B, Infectious diseases and veterinary public health》2003,50(4):178-182
Botulism is caused by different types of Clostridium botulinum, a soil bacterium. Equine grass sickness (equine dysautonomia) is suspected of being a clinical form of this disease. On a stud where this disease occurred twice within 8 months, grass and soil samples and necropsy specimens of one horse were tested for the presence of bacterial forms and toxin of C. botulinum. Different types and type mixtures (A-E) of C. botulinum and botulinum neurotoxin were found. For the first time, it has been shown that green grass blades contain botulinum toxin. The results support the hypothesis that equine grass sickness is a clinical form of botulism, a soil-borne disease. 相似文献
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Detection of botulinum type E toxin in channel catfish with visceral toxicosis syndrome using catfish bioassay and endopep mass spectrometry. 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Patricia S Gaunt Suzanne R Kalb John R Barr 《Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation》2007,19(4):349-354
Visceral toxicosis of catfish (VTC) is a syndrome characterized by sudden mortality in apparently healthy market- and brooder-sized catfish (Ictalurus punctatus). This paper reports the design of a catfish neutralization assay to detect botulinum in catfish with VTC and verification by Endopep mass spectrometry (Endopep-MS). Sera from 6 affected catfish were incubated with botulinum antitoxin serotypes A, B, C, D, E, or F. For each serum sample, 3 experimental fingerlings were injected intracoelomically with each serotype-serum mixture and placed separately in an aquarium. Three fish were injected with VTC-affected serum only, and 3 fish were injected with unaffected serum only and also placed in separate aquaria. Signs of morbidity and mortality were seen in fish injected with sera combined with serotype A, B, C, or D, as well as in positive controls. No morbidity or mortality was seen in fish injected with sera combined with antitoxin serotypes E or F or negative control serum. Sera from affected and unaffected catfish were sent to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for detection and differentiation of botulinum neurotoxin. Aliquots of 0.5 ml of sera were incubated with magnetic beads coated with antibodies to botulinum, and the beads were subjected to the Endopep-MS reaction. Sera from affected catfish tested positive for botulinum E. Sera from 34 unaffected catfish tested negative for botulinum. Although there was not enough botulinum present in affected samples to obtain exact quantification, the estimated quantity of botulinum E in these sera samples was between 0.01 and 0.5 mouse LD50/ml. 相似文献
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本研究旨在获得重组C型肉毒梭菌毒素蛋白,并评价其免疫保护性。将麦芽糖蛋白（MBP）和C型肉毒梭菌毒素重链C末端（CHC）的编码基因序列进行优化和串联,获得基因片段GMBPCHC。将GMBPCHC克隆至pET28a-（＋）后转化大肠杆菌BL21（DE3）感受态细胞,分别在15和37℃两种温度条件下诱导表达。利用Ni-IDA亲和层析方法对可溶性表达的目的蛋白进行纯化,从而获得重组蛋白rMBPCHC。将rMBPCHC与Montanide ISA 201佐剂混合制备成疫苗,免疫4只家兔,剂量为100 μg/只。根据《中华人民共和国兽药典》（2015年版）规定的方法检测一免后21 d及二免后14 d家兔血清的中和抗体效价。同时,在二免后14 d对家兔进行攻毒。结果表明,rMBPCHC在37℃的诱导温度下,主要以包涵体的形式表达;在15℃的诱导温度下,可溶性表达的比例可达50%。一次免疫后,免疫组4只家兔血清对C型肉毒梭菌天然毒素（简称天然毒素）的中和效价均可达到1（0.1 mL血清中和1个小鼠最小致死量（MLD）的天然毒素）。二免后,家兔血清的中和抗体效价可达到4~8。用10个家兔MLD的天然毒素攻毒后,免疫组家兔得到了100%（4/4）的保护,而用1个家兔MLD的天然毒素攻毒后,对照组家兔100%（2/2）死亡。以上结果说明,rMBPCHC具有良好的免疫原性,从而为C型肉毒梭菌病基因工程亚单位疫苗的研制提供了重要的试验数据。 相似文献
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Amy L. Johnson Susan C. McAdams-Gallagher Raymond W. Sweeney 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2014,199(1):157-161
Botulism in horses in the USA is attributed to Clostridium botulinum types A, B or C. In this study, a duplex quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) for detection of the neurotoxin genes of C. botulinum types A and B, and a singleplex qPCR for detection of the neurotoxin gene of C. botulinum type C, were optimized and validated for equine gastrointestinal, faecal and feed samples. The performance of these assays was evaluated and compared to the standard mouse bioassay (MBA) using 148 well-characterized samples, most of which were acquired from a repository of veterinary diagnostic samples from cases of botulism: 106 samples positive for C. botulinum (25 type A, 27 type B, 28 type C, 1 type D and 25 type E) and 42 negative samples. The sensitivities of the qPCR assays were 89%, 86% and 96% for C. botulinum types A, B and C, respectively. The overall sensitivity of the mouse bioassay for types A, B and C was 81%. The specificities of the qPCR assays were 99–100% and the specificity of the mouse bioassay was 95%. 相似文献
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Kohda T Kamata Y Kozaki S 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2000,62(11):1133-1138
Clostridium botulinum type B neurotoxin cleaves VAMP (vesicle-associated membrane protein)/synaptobrevin into two fragments, which results in inhibition of neurotransmitter release. The induced fragment did not react to the antibody raised against the synthetic peptide of the amino-terminal 20 residues of VAMP-2, suggesting that the toxin treatment has caused antigenical alteration in the amino-terminal region of VAMP-2. In rat brain synaptosomes, type B neurotoxin was reduced presumably with sulfhydryls in the membrane and detected in the synaptic vesicle fraction which involved the degradation of VAMP-2 and the inhibition of neurotransmitter release. The light chain in a free form was present in the cytosol fraction. These findings suggest a possibility that type B neurotoxin endocytoses into synaptic vesicles by the recycling pathway and the light chain is penetrable through synaptic vesicle membrane. However, the amount of type B neurotoxin entrapped into synaptic vesicles appears to be extremely small, which may be attributed to a lower sensitivity of the toxin to brain synaptosomes than to peripheral nerve endings. 相似文献
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目的:克隆肉毒梭菌(Clostridium botulinum)A型肉毒毒素(BoNTa)编码基因。方法:提取肉毒梭菌国际标准株(62A)基因组DNA,根据肉毒梭菌BoNTa基因(GenBank登录号M30196)序列设计引物,采用LA-PCR方法,扩增出目的基因片段,与pMD18-T载体连接,通过酶切鉴定、测序分析克隆到的A型肉毒毒素基因序列。结果:该基因片段与Genbank中的BoNTa基因序列(GenBank登录号M30196)一致性为100%,预测氨基酸序列一致性为100%。结论:成功克隆肉毒梭菌的A型肉毒毒素基因序列,为肉毒梭菌的快速检测,以及进一步用基因工程方法生产A型肉毒毒素奠定了基础。 相似文献
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Serum from 12 horses suffering from chronic grass sickness (CGS) were assayed for IgG antibodies against botulinum neurotoxins C and D (BoNT/C and BoNT/D) and to a surface antigen extract of a neurotoxin negative strain of Clostridium botulinum type C. Collectively, the six surviving CGS cases demonstrated significantly higher initial IgG levels (P=0.05) against surface antigens than the six that were subsequently euthanased. The surviving animals also demonstrated higher initial IgG levels against the BoNT/C but not reaching significance (P=0.06). The two groups demonstrated no difference between IgG levels against BoNT/D. This study supports existing evidence of the involvement of C. botulinum type C in the aetiology of grass sickness. 相似文献