共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 109 毫秒
1.
洛美沙星对实验性鸡葡萄球菌病的药效研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为了给兽医临床推广应用国内新近研制的氟喹诺酮类长半减期药物洛美沙星（Ｌｏｍｅｆｌｏｘａｃｉｎ），特别是用洛美沙星防治鸡葡萄球菌病提供依据，首先以试管２倍稀释法测定了洛美沙星及对照药对金黄色葡萄球菌的最小抑菌浓度，然后观察了洛美沙星、环丙沙星、恩诺沙星饮水给药５ｄ对实验性鸡葡萄球菌病的疗效。结果，洛美沙星、环丙沙星、恩诺沙星、诺氟沙星、红霉素对鸡金黄色葡萄球菌Ｃ５６０１１株的最小抑菌浓度分别为１．０、０．１２５、０．２５、１．０、３２ｍｇ／Ｌ。２５、５０、１００ｍｇ／Ｌ洛美沙星饮水给药对鸡葡萄球菌病的治愈率分别为６６．７％、８０．０％、７６．７％，有效率分别为９０．０％、９６．７％、９６．７％。５０ｍｇ／Ｌ环丙沙星、５０ｍｇ／Ｌ恩诺沙星的治愈率则分别为７６．７％、８０．０％，有效率分别为９３．３％、９６．７％。５０、１００ｍｇ／Ｌ洛美沙星及５０ｍｇ／Ｌ恩诺沙星３个饮水给药组的增重显著高于感染对照组。结果表明，洛美沙星饮水给药治疗鸡葡萄球菌病以５０ｍｇ／Ｌ的剂量为宜。 相似文献
2.
氧氟沙星对霉形体与大肠杆菌合并感染鸡的药效学研究 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
以试管两倍稀释法测得氧氟沙星及其对照药物恩诺沙星、洛美沙星和强力霉素对鸡败血霉形体的最小抑菌浓度分别为０．００６２５、０．０２５、０．４和０．４ｍｇ／Ｌ。５０、１００、２００ｍｇ／Ｌ氧氟沙星、５０ｍｇ／Ｌ恩诺沙星、５０ｍｇ／Ｌ洛美沙星和１００ｍｇ／Ｌ强力霉素连续５ｄ饮水给药,对人工合并感染败血霉形体和大肠杆菌病鸡的治愈率分别是９３．３％、９６．７％、９６．７％、１００％、９６．７％和８３．３％,感 相似文献
3.
洛美沙星是对实验性鸡葡萄球菌病的药效研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了给兽医临床推广应用国内新近研制的氟喹诺酮类长半减期药物－－洛美沙星,特别是用洛美沙星防治鸡葡萄球菌提供依据,首先以试管２倍稀释法测定了洛美沙星及对照药对金黄色葡萄球菌的最小抑菌浓度,然后观察了洛美沙星,环丙沙星、恩诺沙星饮水给药５ｄ对实验性鸡葡萄球菌病的疗效。结果,洛美沙星、环丙沙是生、恩诺沙星、诺氟沙星、红霉素对鸡金黄色葡萄球菌Ｃ５６０１１株的最小抑菌浓度分别为１．０、０．１２５、０．２５、 相似文献
4.
三种恩诺沙星盐对人工诱发鸡巴氏杆菌病的疗效比较 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用试管肉汤两倍稀释法,测得乳酸恩诺沙星、盐酸恩诺沙星及恩诺沙星钾对鸡多杀性巴氏杆菌的最小抑菌浓度均为０．０５ｍｇ／Ｌ。按５ｍｇ／ｋｇ恩诺沙星的剂量,分别给人工诱发巴氏杆菌病鸡内服乳酸恩诺沙星、盐酸恩诺沙星及肌注乳酸恩诺沙星、恩诺沙星钾,每１２ｈ给药１次,连续３ｄ。这些药物对鸡巴氏杆菌病的治愈率分别为１００％、９６．７％、１００％,而感染对照鸡的死亡率为１００％。结果表明,上述三种恩诺沙星盐对鸡巴 相似文献
5.
以人工诱发鸡败血霉形体和大肠杆菌混合感染模型,评价氟罗沙星的疗效。按每升水加入２５ｍｇ、５０ｍｇ及１００ｍｇ氟罗沙星及５０ｍｇ环丙沙星的用量给病鸡饮水给药,连续５天,对混合感染鸡的治愈率分别是８６．７％、９０．０％、９０．０％及８３．３％,而感染对照组的死亡率为６３．３％;用药组的相对增重率分别为１０１．３％、１０５．７％、１０７．２％及１０２．４％,均显著高于感染对照组（５８５．５％,Ｐ〈０．０１） 相似文献
6.
恩诺沙星对鸡大肠杆菌病及葡萄球菌病的药效研究 总被引：7，自引：1，他引：6
就畜禽专用氟喹诺酮类抗菌药恩诺沙星对鸡人工感染大肠杆菌病及葡萄球菌病的药效进行了研究。结果表明，恩诺沙星、氯霉素对大肠杆菌Ｏ７８的ＭＩＣ分别为０．０５、１．６０ｍｇ／Ｌ；恩诺沙星、红霉素对金黄色葡萄球菌Ｃ５６０５株的ＭＩＣ分别为０．２、３．２ｍｇ／Ｌ。人工发病试验中，恩诺沙星内服以５、１０、２０ｍｇ／ｋｇ剂量或肌注以２．５、５、１０ｍｇ／ｋｇ剂量，每天给药２次，连用３ｄ，对鸡大肠杆菌病及葡萄球菌病均有较好的疗效，其中对大肠杆菌病的疗效明显优于氯霉素 相似文献
7.
氟甲砜霉素对实验性鸡巴氏杆菌病的药效研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以两倍稀释法测定氟甲砜霉素及甲砜霉素对鸡巴氏杆菌的最小抑菌浓度分别为０．２５μｇ／ｍＬ和１．２５μｇ／ｍＬ。按１０,２０和３０ｍｇ／ｋｇ的氟甲砜霉素及３０ｍｇ／ｋｇ的甲砜霉素分别给实验性巴氏杆菌病患鸡肌注,每天给药一次,共５ｄ。药物对鸡巴氏杆菌病的治愈率分别为９３．３％,１００％,１００％和１００％,而感染对照组鸡全部死亡。用药组与感染对照组间疗效差异极显著 相似文献
8.
氧氟沙星饮水治疗鸡败血霉形体—大肠杆菌感染的药代动力学分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
选用３２０只３３日龄石岐杂健康鸡，分成健康对照、感染对照、氧氟沙星中剂量和高剂量４组。感染鸡接种霉形体和大肠杆菌后，中剂量和高剂量组分别以１００ｍｇ／Ｌ和２００ｍｇ／Ｌ氧氟沙星饮水给药，在试验开始后２～５ｄ，每次给药后２ｈ和８ｈ剖杀，采用ＨＰＬＣ测定血药浓度。结果，血药浓度在中剂量组分别为（１．２６±０．３２），（０．７５±０．２３）ｍｇ／Ｌ，高剂量组分别为（１．６８±０．４２），（１．３５±０．０４）ｍｇ／Ｌ，中、高剂量组在给药后２～５ｄ平均血药浓度分别为（１．０１±０．２７），（１．５２±０．２１）ｍｇ／Ｌ。停药后血药消除缓慢，两组ｔ１２分别为３．１１，４．３３ｈ，ＡＵＣ为４．７６，６．４０ｍｇ·Ｌ－１·ｈ－１，Ｔｃｐ（ｔｈｅｒ）为２３．３４，２３．７２ｈ。本研究表明，氧氟沙星饮水给药对鸡霉形体和大肠杆菌合并感染具有显著的临床效果，从经济观点看，饮水给药以５０～１００ｍｇ／Ｌ，每天１次，连续４ｄ为好。 相似文献
9.
10.
金霉素,泰妙菌素联合应用对鸡败血霉形体病的药效研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
观察了金霉素、泰妙菌素联合用药的体外抗鸡败血霉形体的作用与体内治疗鸡败血霉形体病的疗效。体外抑菌试验中，金霉素、泰妙菌素、金霉素与泰妙菌素（３∶１）合用，对鸡败血霉形体ＢＧ４４Ｔ株的最小抑菌浓度分别为２．０、０．０１６、０．０１６ｍｇ／Ｌ；棋盘法试验进一步证明，金霉素、泰妙菌素合用对鸡败血霉形体ＢＧ４４Ｔ株的ＦＩＣ指数为０．５～０．７５，两药表现有协同作用。饮水给药对实验性鸡败血霉形体病的治疗试验表明，金霉素、泰妙菌素按３∶１合用，以２００、１００ｍｇ／Ｌ剂量给药５ｄ，在死亡率、治愈率、有效率等几个指标方面优于泰妙菌素、金霉素单独给药（２００ｍｇ／Ｌ）。 相似文献
11.
试验选用96头平均体重14.82 kg左右的杜×长×大断奶仔猪,随机分成4组,每组3栏,每栏8头(公母各半)。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1、2、3组分别添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖和1%微米白术。试验期30 d。结果表明:在生长性能方面,与对照组相比,1%微米白术添加组可显著提高日增重(P0.05)、降低饲料增重比和腹泻率,而且效果优于1%80目白术组和0.2%白术多糖组,在肠道形态和肠道微生态区系方面,与对照组相比,日粮添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖、1%微米白术均可不同程度的提高十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度,加深十二指肠和空肠的隐窝深度,并且增加肠道微生态区系的多样性,其中以1%微米白术添加组的效果最佳。 相似文献
12.
Sissay, M.M., Uggla, A. and Waller, P.J., XXXX. Prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections
of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, XXXX. A 2-year abattoir survey was carried out to determine the prevalence, abundance and seasonal incidence of gastro-intestinal
(GI) nematodes and trematodes (flukes) of sheep and goats in the semi-arid zone of eastern Ethiopia. During May 2003 to April
2005, viscera including liver, lungs and GI tracts were collected from 655 sheep and 632 goats slaughtered at 4 abattoirs
located in the towns of Haramaya, Harar, Dire Dawa and Jijiga in eastern Ethiopia. All animals were raised in the farming
areas located within the community boundaries for each town. Collected materials were transported within 24 h to the parasitology
laboratory of Haramaya University for immediate processing. Thirteen species belonging to 9 genera of GI nematodes (Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, T. vitrinus, Nematodirus filicollis, N. spathiger, Oesophagostomum
columbianum, O. venulosum, Strongyloides papillosus, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Trichuris ovis, Cooperia curticei and Chabertia ovina), and 4 species belonging to 3 genera of trematodes (Fasciola hepatica, F. gigantica, Paramphistomum {Calicohoron} microbothrium and Dicrocoelium dendriticum) were recorded in both sheep and goats. All animals in this investigation were infected with multiple species to varying
degrees. The mean burdens of adult nematodes were generally moderate in both sheep and goats and showed patterns of seasonal
abundance that corresponded with the bi-modal annual rainfall pattern, with highest burdens around the middle of the rainy
season. In both sheep and goats there were significant differences in the mean worm burdens and abundance of the different
nematode species between the four geographic locations, with worm burdens in the Haramaya and Harar areas greater than those
observed in the Dire Dawa and Jijiga locations. Similar seasonal variations were also observed in the prevalence of flukes.
But there were no significant differences in the prevalence of each fluke species between the four locations. Overall, the
results showed that Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus, Oesophagostomum, Fasciola and Paramphistomum species were the most abundant helminth parasites of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. 相似文献
13.
Tropical Animal Health and Production - 相似文献
14.
Rassnick KM Gieger TL Williams LE Ruslander DM Northrup NC Kristal O Myers NC Moore AS 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2001,15(3):196-199
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks. 相似文献
15.
H Hayashi T Yoshimura J Y Chen 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》1985,8(2):73-87
Our particular attention in this article was given to natural mediators for macrophages isolated from the sites of tissue injury. A number of chemotactic factors, which may satisfy many criteria making them acceptable as inflammatory leucocyte chemotactic factors, has been separated. Among them, our laboratory has isolated three macrophage (monocyte) chemotactic factors (MCF-a, -b and -c). Their purification, characterization and functional specificity are discussed. 相似文献
16.
Davis MS Willard MD Nelson SL Mandsager RE McKiernan BS Mansell JK Lehenbauer TW 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(3):311-314
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large. 相似文献
17.
B. Cinar Kul N. Bilgen J.A. Lenstra O. Korkmaz Agaoglu B. Akyuz O. Ertugrul 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2015,132(6):449-453
Genetic variations in chromosome Y are enabling researchers to identify paternal lineages, which are informative for introgressions and migrations. In this study, the male‐specific region markers, sex‐determining region‐Y (SRY), amelogenin (AMELY) and zinc finger (ZFY) were analysed in seven Turkish native goat breeds, Angora, Kilis, Hair, Honaml?, Norduz, Gürcü and Abaza. A SNP in the ZFY gene defined a new haplotype Y2C. All domestic haplogroups originate from Capra aegagrus, while the finding of Y1A, Y1B, Y2A and Y2C in 32, 4, 126 and 2 Turkish domestic goats, respectively, appears to indicate a predomestic origin of the major haplotypes. The occurrence of four haplotypes in the Hair goat and, in contrast, a frequency of 96% of Y1A in the Kilis breed illustrate that Y‐chromosomal variants have a more breed‐dependent distribution than mitochondrial or autosomal DNA. This probably reflects male founder effects, but a role in adaptation cannot be excluded. 相似文献
18.
Furosemide continuous rate infusion in the horse: evaluation of enhanced efficacy and reduced side effects 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Johansson AM Gardner SY Levine JF Papich MG LaFevers DH Fuquay LR Reagan VH Atkins CE 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(6):887-895
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses. 相似文献
19.
Ling GV Thurmond MC Choi YK Franti CE Ruby AL Johnson DL 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(6):817-823
The objective of this report was to characterize 20-year changes in proportion of calcium oxalate (CaOx) calculi and struvite calculi in dogs, and associations with breed, age, and sex. In this retrospective study, results of analysis of urinary calculi from dogs were reviewed for specimens received between July 1, 1981, and December 31, 2001. Breed, sex, age, year of submission of the specimen, and mineral type(s) were analyzed statistically. CaOx or Struvite or both were contained in 18,966 of 20,884 (91%) specimens. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant increase was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained CaOx. The increase in this proportion was greater in females (1% to 31%) than in males (18% to 82%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions may have plateaued, the odds of specimens containing CaOx were markedly higher in 18 breeds, markedly lower in 5 breeds, and not significantly different in 13 breeds compared with crossbreds. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant decrease was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained struvite. This decrease in proportion was greater for males (79-16%) than for females (97-68%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions plateaued, the odds of calculi containing struvite were markedly lower in 20 breeds, markedly higher in 1 breed, and not significantly different in 15 breeds when compared with crossbreds. Breed, age, and sex were associated statistically with CaOx or struvite urolithiasis. In conclusion, there appears to have been a long-term increase in the proportion of specimens of canine urinary calculi that contain CaOx as well as a long-term decrease in the proportion of specimens of calculi that contain struvite for both male and female dogs. The rate of change appeared to begin leveling off in the period 1998 to 2001. The recent proportion of dogs with either CaOx- or struvite-associated urolithiasis may depend on breed, age, and sex, and on interactions among these 3 factors. 相似文献
20.
<正>1.INTRODUCTION Ensuring transportation network security is one Of the most daunting challenges confronting homeland security agencies today.Significant research has been dedicated.To model and analyze the vulnerability of transportation systems,while notably fewer studies propose specific strategies for deploying defensive technologies to safeguard these systems. 相似文献