首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 812 毫秒
1.
山羊心脏淋巴系的研究   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  
在４０例山羊心外膜下多点注入３０％普鲁士蓝氯仿溶液，解剖观察心脏淋巴管及其淋巴流向；选择注射较好的心脏标本制成透明铺片，镜下观察测定淋巴管管径，并摄影记录。结果表明，山羊心脏的毛细淋巴管起自一盲端，并吻合成淋巴管丛，淋巴管有瓣膜，粗细不均。三级淋巴管汇入锥旁室间沟或冠状沟附近的四级淋巴管。四级淋巴管汇合成淋巴干，山羊心脏的淋巴干分２种类型，即双干型与单干型。淋巴干一般注入气管支气管左淋巴结，有时右淋巴干直接注入胸导管。心房壁薄，淋巴管比心室少而细  相似文献   

2.
山羊胃壁的淋巴管及其淋巴流向的研究   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2  
杂种山羊３４只，从其胃壁浆膜下多点注入３０％普鲁士蓝氯仿溶液，观察了胃的淋巴流向及其所注入的淋巴结；其中１０例经各胃粘膜层，肌层和浆膜层分别注射，研究其淋巴管构筑，显微摄影记录。结果表明，山羊瘤胃、网胃，瓣胃及皱胃的淋巴管均有明显的分区，各区的淋巴分别注入相关的淋巴结。瓣胃叶片粘膜层的毛细淋巴管形成网状及平行分枝两种；皱胃粘膜上皮的毛细淋巴密集如林，直径１０～４０μｇ，在固有膜内形成毛细淋巴管网。  相似文献   

3.
淋巴管形态学研究方法进展   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
准确识别淋巴管是开展淋巴管研究的前提和关键。淋巴管注射法、淋巴管造影法、动脉内墨汁 硝酸银水溶液注射法等传统方法从宏观上研究了各器官的淋巴流向及其注入局部淋巴结的分布,借助光学显微镜可观察淋巴管的显微结构,透射电子显微镜下可观察到淋巴管的超微结构及其内皮细胞的连接方式,易于揭示淋巴形成的机制;淋巴管铸型扫描电镜观察法通过对淋巴管三维结构的研究,可真实显示淋巴管的立体构筑;5′- 核苷酸酶 碱性磷酸酶(5′ -Nase- Alpase)双重染色法能准确地区分出毛细血管和毛细淋巴管,Ⅳ型胶原及 B27 双重免疫组化染色能更准确显示毛细血管和毛细淋巴管的组化差异和特异性,是目前区分毛细血管和毛细淋巴管最为可靠的方法。  相似文献   

4.
山羊肺淋巴系的研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
24例山羊肺经肺实质和肺胸膜下注射30％普鲁士蓝氯仿溶液，剖查其器官内淋巴管及淋巴流向。结果表明，山羊肺的器官内淋巴管有浅淋巴管和深淋巴管2种。左肺尖叶淋巴管注入左支气管肺淋巴结和气管支气管左淋巴结，左肺心叶淋巴管注入左支气管肺淋巴结、气管支气管左淋巴结和气管支气管中淋巴结，左肺膈叶淋巴管注入气管支气管左淋巴结、气管支气管中淋巴结和纵隔后淋巴结；右肺尖叶淋巴管注入右支气管肺淋巴结和气管支气管前淋巴结，右肺心叶淋巴管注入右支气管肺淋巴结和气管支气管右淋巴结，右肺膈叶淋巴管注入气管支气管右淋巴结、气管支气管中淋巴结和纵隔后淋巴结，右肺副叶淋巴管注入右支气管肺淋巴结、气管支气管中淋巴结和纵隔后淋巴结。  相似文献   

5.
<正>1淋巴构成和功能淋巴组织是猪机体的重要组成部分，由淋巴结、胸腺、淋巴管和脾脏组成。淋巴结为大小不一的椭圆形或蚕豆形淋巴组织体，新鲜时呈灰红色，主要由淋巴组织和淋巴窦组成，其外层覆盖着致密的结缔组织，结缔组织与淋巴管相连。包膜延伸至淋巴结内，形成许多间隙或小梁，构成淋巴结的网络支架。  相似文献   

6.
淋巴系统与心血管系统有着密切的联系,淋巴液在淋巴管内流动,最后归入静脉注入心脏,所以淋巴管是协助体液回流的一条路径.在淋巴管的路径上有许多淋巴结,它是淋巴回流的一个必不可少的途径,由胸腺和腔上囊(禽)的诱导原始淋巴细胞分化成T细胞或B细胞在淋巴结内繁殖参与机体的免疫活动,所以淋巴是机体的重要防卫器官和免疫器官.当机体受到外来物质的刺激时,首先在淋巴结作出防卫性反应,由此可见淋巴结检查在肉品检验中显得尤为重要.  相似文献   

7.
淋巴系统与心血管系统有着密切的联系,淋巴液在淋巴管内流动,最后归人静脉注入心脏,所以淋巴管是协助体液的一条路径,在淋巴管的路径上有许多淋巴结,它是淋巴回流的一个必不可少的途径,由胸腺和腔上囊(禽)的诱导原始淋巴细胞分化成T细胞或B细胞在淋巴结内繁殖参与机体的免疫活动,所以淋巴是机体的重要防卫器官和免疫器官.当机体受到外来物质的刺激时、首先淋巴结作出病灶性变化,而且反映了全身的感染状况.为此,在宰后检疫中具有重要意义.  相似文献   

8.
<正>1必检淋巴结及分布1.1淋巴结的选择淋巴组织主要有淋巴管、淋巴结、脾和胸腺构成,猪的全身分布了大量的淋巴管和大约190多个淋巴结,这些淋巴管和淋巴结构成了生猪机体的主要防御病菌微生物和疾病的淋巴组织系统,既参与非特异性免疫,也和特异性免疫有重要关系,是机体抵御异物和病菌入侵的第2道防线。选择淋巴结原则:  相似文献   

9.
<正>自然条件下,猪是唯一能被猪瘟病毒感染的动物。猪瘟病毒通过直接接触、口鼻气溶胶、生殖器官等感染猪体。1感染强毒株多发急性型猪瘟1.1猪瘟强毒最初入侵的靶器官是扁桃体,最终侵害的是机体免疫系统。猪瘟强毒首先在扁桃体隐窝上皮细胞内增殖,然后通过扁桃体淋巴管转移到附近区域淋巴结进行复制,再通过血液扩散到周围淋巴网状组织,在脾、骨髓、内脏淋巴结以及小肠淋巴样组织中大量增殖,最后侵入实质器官。由于  相似文献   

10.
淋巴系统是由淋巴管、淋巴器官及淋巴组织组成，是体内的重要滤过器及防卫装置。淋巴结是反映机体病理状态的器官，检验淋巴结是宰前检验的继续和补充。颌下淋巴结、颈浅背倾淋巴结、腹股沟淋巴结和髂内淋巴结是宰后检验猪肉时最具有剖检意义的淋巴结。  相似文献   

11.
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks.  相似文献   

12.
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large.  相似文献   

13.
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses.  相似文献   

14.
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round.  相似文献   

15.
The occurrence of ectoparasites in sheep flocks is frequently reported but seldom quantified. Sheep production used to be a predominantly family activity in the state of Sa~o Paulo (Brazil), but it began to become a commercial activity in the past decade. Thus, information about the ectoparasites existing in sheep flocks has become necessary. The present data were obtained by means of questionnaires sent to all sheep breeders belonging to the `Associaça~o Paulista de Criadores de Ovinos' (ASPACO; Sa~o Paulo State Association of Sheep Breeders). Response reliability was tested by means of random visits paid to 10.6% of the respondents. Most of the properties (89.5%) reported the presence of one or more ectoparasites. Screw-worm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) was the most frequent ectoparasite (72.5%), followed by bot fly larvae (Dermatobia hominis, 45.0%), ticks (Amblyomma cajennense) and Boophilus microplus, 31.3%) and finally lice (Damalinia ovis, 13.8%). Combined infestations also occurred, the most common one being screw-worm with bot fly larvae (36.0%) followed by bot fly larvae with ticks (13.9%), screw-worm with ticks (9.3%), bot fly larvae with lice (6.9%), and ticks with lice (5.0%). The most common triple combination was screw-worm, bot fly larvae and ticks (12.8%). Breeds raised for meat or wool were attacked by bot fly larvae and ticks more often than other breeds. Lice were only absent from animals of indigenous breeds. The relationships among these ectoparasites are discussed in terms of sheep breeds, flock size, seasonality and the ectoparasitic combinations on the host.  相似文献   

16.
Comparison of different tests to diagnose feline infectious peritonitis   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
  相似文献   

17.
An experiment was conducted to study disappearance of C14 to C18 fatty acids, lag times and biohydrogenation (BH) rates of C18 fatty acids of ground soya bean and canola seeds in situ. Three ruminally fistulated Dallagh sheep were used to determine ruminal BH of unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs). Differences in the disappearance of fatty acids through the bags and lag times were observed between the oilseeds. We saw that the longer the incubation time of the oilseeds in the rumen, the lower the content of C18:2 and C18:3. Significantly higher lag times for both C18:2 and C18:3 were observed in ground canola compared to ground soya bean. BH rates of C18:2 and C18:3 fatty acids in soya bean were three times higher than those of canola. These results suggest that the fatty acid profile of fat source can affect the BH of UFAs by rumen micro‐organisms. So that UFAs of canola had higher ability to escape from ruminal BH. It seems that fatty acid profile of ruminant products is more affected by canola seed compared to soya bean seed.  相似文献   

18.
Serum biochemical values and the wet weight to dry weight ratios of tissues were determined in yaks in Shandan county of Gansu province. The liver, kidney, heart and muscle contents of seven elements in yaks were also analysed. Most serum biochemical values were similar to those of cattle, camels and sheep, but the calcium concentration was considerably above the normal range for other ruminants. The liver contained the highest concentrations of copper, manganese and cobalt and the kidney of selenium, iron and calcium.Abbreviations Alb albumin - ALT alanine aminotransferase - AST aspartate aminotransferase - BUN blood urea nitrogen - Chol cholesterol - Glob globulin - -GT -glutamyl transpeptidase - IP inorganic phosphorus - TP total protein  相似文献   

19.
正We are pleased to publish the second special issue on avian brood parasitism and to be responsible guest editors for the two special issues of Chinese Birds (Vol. 3, No. 4, 2012 and Vol. 4, No. 1, 2013), entitled "Avian Brood Parasitism - A Growing Research Area in Behavioral Ecology". The first issue was published in December 2012. The goal of the two special issues is to publish accumulated knowledge and some of the recent developments in  相似文献   

20.
Tropical Animal Health and Production -  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号